JPH03155855A - Ultrasonic treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent an oscillation transmission member from breaking and to obtain an ultrasonic treatment device capable of applying sure and appropriate treatment by providing an acoustic characteristic change means to change acoustic characteristic at a state to suppress an oscillation amplifying effect in the vicinity of an oscillation node part. CONSTITUTION:An oscillation transmission member 8 is connected to the front end part of the horn 4 of an ultrasonic oscillator 1, and the crushing of a stone 17 formed in the kidney 16 is performed by inserting the oscillation transmission member 8 to a sheath 20 after inserting the insertion part 19 of a hard endoscope 18 to the kidney 16, and searching the stone 17 observing from an eye-piece part 21, and pressing the tip of the oscillation transmission member 8. When the ultrasonic treatment device is driven, development ultrasonic oscillation is amplified to amplitude required for crushing work, and is transmitted to the tip of the oscillation transmission member 8, then, crushes the stone 17. However, since the acoustic characteristic change means 13 in which the cross section S2 of an input terminal is increased in comparison with the cross section S1 of an output terminal in the vicinity of the oscillation node part A is formed, the oscillation amplifying effect in the vicinity of the oscillation node part A can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the breakages of oscillation transmission member and to perform the sure and appropriate treatment.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention is an ultrasonic treatment that uses ultrasonic vibration to destroy stones, etc. in body cavities such as the bladder, ureters, and kidneys, and to remove living tissue. Concerning improvements to equipment.

[Prior Art] Generally, an ultrasonic treatment apparatus is provided with an ultrasonic transducer and a vibration transmission member that transmits ultrasonic vibrations generated by the ultrasonic transducer. In this case, the ultrasonic transducer is, for example, P
A piezoelectric element such as ZT and an electrode are connected in a stacked state. Furthermore, a substantially conical horn is connected to this ultrasonic vibrator, and a vibration transmitting member formed of a tubular body is connected to the tip of this horn. and,
The ultrasonic vibrations generated by the ultrasonic transducer are amplified by the horn and vibration transmission member to the amplitude necessary for crushing living tissue and stones, etc. When using this ultrasonic treatment device, the vibration transmission is By pressing the tip of the member against a stone, living tissue, etc. in a body cavity and generating ultrasonic vibrations, the stone is crushed or the living tissue is excised.

Incidentally, since this type of ultrasonic treatment device is used for various treatments, the length, shape, etc. of the vibration transmission member differ depending on the type of treatment. However, the shape of the tip of these vibration transmitting members is about 1/4 or more times the wavelength determined by the driving frequency, as shown in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,990,452 or U.S. Pat. No. 4,223,678. The tip has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter gradually decreases uniformly toward the tip, and the wall thickness (cross-sectional area) increases toward the tip.
In many cases, the configuration is such that the value gradually and uniformly decreases.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional structure described above, the tip shape of the vibration transmitting member has a tapered tip shape in which the outer diameter dimension gradually and uniformly decreases toward the tip side, and Since the wall thickness (cross-sectional area) is gradually and uniformly reduced as the vibration transmitting member approaches, stress increases at the tapered portion of the tip of the vibration transmitting member due to the horn effect (vibration amplitude amplification effect).

In this case, a large strain occurs particularly at the vibration node at the tip end of the vibration transmission member, and the stress value becomes maximum.

As a result, heat is generated at the vibration node at the tapered part of the tip where the stress increase is maximum, which may lead to damage to the vibration transmission member, which poses the problem of not being able to perform appropriate treatment, and also during ultrasonic treatment. When the vibration transmission member is damaged, there is a risk that a portion of the damaged portion of the vibration transmission member may fall into the body cavity.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic treatment device that can prevent damage to the vibration transmission member and perform reliable and appropriate treatment.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides an ultrasonic treatment device including an ultrasonic transducer and a vibration transmission member that transmits ultrasonic vibrations generated by the ultrasonic transducer. An acoustic characteristic changing means for changing the acoustic characteristic to a state that suppresses the vibration amplification effect is provided near the vibration node.

[Function] During ultrasonic treatment, the vibration amplification effect near the vibration node on the tip side of the vibration transmission member is suppressed by the acoustic characteristic changing means near the vibration wI portion on the tip side of the vibration transmission member, thereby reducing the vibration at the tip of the vibration transmission member. This prevents an increase in stress near the side vibration nodes and prevents damage to the vibration transmission member.

[Embodiment] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1(a) shows a schematic configuration of the main parts of an ultrasonic treatment apparatus, and 1 is a Langevin type ultrasonic transducer of this ultrasonic treatment apparatus. This ultrasonic transducer 1 has, for example, a PZ
Piezoelectric elements 2 such as T and electrodes 3 are alternately stacked.

Further, a substantially conical horn 4 is disposed at the front of the ultrasonic transducer 1, and a backing plate 5 is disposed at the rear of the ultrasonic transducer 1. In this case, one end of a bolt 6 serving as a mounting shaft is screwed into the center portion of the rear end surface of the horn 4. This bolt 6 is the piezoelectric cord 2 of the ultrasonic transducer 1,
The bolts are inserted into bolt insertion holes formed in the centers of the electrode 3 and the backing plate 5, respectively. The other end of this bolt 6 is extended to the rear of the backing plate 5, and a nut 7 is screwed onto this extended end to attach the horn 4, the piezoelectric element 2 of the ultrasonic vibrator 1, and the electrode 3. and a backing plate 5 are held and fixed in a connected state.

Further, a vibration transmitting member 8 formed of a tubular body is connected to the front end of the horn 4. The vibration transmitting member 8 includes a tapered tip part 9 whose outer diameter gradually decreases toward the tip side, and a substantially conical second part 9.
horns 10 and pipe portions 11 disposed between these tapered tip portions 9 and the second horns 10 are provided, respectively. In this case, the rear end of the tip tapered portion 9 and the front end of the vibrator 11 are welded, and the rear end of the vibrator 11 and the front end of the second horn 10 are welded. Welded portion 12a.

12b, the tip tapered part 9, the pipe part 11,
A second horn 10 is integrally coupled. moreover,
A threaded portion 10a projects from the rear end of the second horn 10, and this threaded portion 10a is screwed into a screw hole 4a formed at the front end of the horn 4.

In addition, the vibration node A in the tip tapered part 9 (Fig. 1(b)
) Near the output end (rear side of vibration node A) of this vibration node A, there is a cross-sectional area S2 of the input end (front side of vibration node A) compared to the cross-sectional area S of the output end (rear side of vibration node A). Increase ($2 >St
) is provided to change the acoustic characteristics to a state where the vibration amplification effect is suppressed. In this case, the acoustic characteristic changing means 13 is configured such that the inner diameter of the front inner circumferential surface 9a of the vibration node A in the tip tapered portion 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the rear inner circumferential surface 9b. The front inner circumferential surface 9a of the vibration node A of the detail 9 is made to protrude more inwardly than the rear inner circumferential surface 9b to form a stepped portion 14.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2, a case will be explained in which a stone 17 formed in the kidney 16 of a patient 15 is crushed by 2" using an ultrasonic treatment device. The insertion section 19 of the endoscope 18 (after a long time, this insertion section 1
The vibration transmission member 8 of the sonic wave therapy device is inserted into the sheath 20 of 9.

Then, the inside of the kidney 16 is observed through the eyepiece 21 of the second rigid endoscope 18 to find a calculus 17, and the tip of the vibration transmitting member 8 is pressed against the calculus 17. In this state, the ultrasonic treatment device is subsequently driven. When this ultrasonic treatment device is driven, ultrasonic vibrations are generated from the ultrasonic vibrator 1, and the ultrasonic vibrations generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 1 are transmitted to the horn 4 and the vibration transmission member 8 to cause damage to living tissues and stones. The amplified ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the tip of the vibration transmitting member 8 to crush the stone 17.

Further, while the ultrasonic treatment device is being driven, the ultrasonic vibrations transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 1 to the horn 4 and the vibration transmission member 8 are as shown in the solid line characteristic curve (, ri) in FIG. 1(b). Due to the horn effect, the vibration amplitude is gradually amplified toward the tip end.In this case, near the vibration node A at the tip end portion 9 of the vibration transmission member 8, the output end (vibration The acoustic characteristic changing means 13 is configured such that the cross-sectional area S2 of the input end (the front side of the vibration node A) is made larger (S2 > Sl) than the cross-sectional area S1 of the input end (the rear side of the vibration node A). Because of this, it is possible to suppress the vibration amplification effect in the vicinity of the vibration node A in the tip tapered portion 9 of the vibration transmission member 8.

That is, as in the conventional case, the tip end portion 9 of the vibration transmission member 8
In the case where the acoustic characteristic changing means 13 is not provided, the vibration amplitude of the tip tapered portion 9 is amplified to the state shown in the dotted line characteristic curve (n) in FIG. 1(b). With this configuration, the vibration amplitude can be made smaller than the characteristic curve (■), as shown by the solid line characteristic curve (1) in the figure cb>. Therefore, the maximum stress value σlaX generated near the vibration node A in the tip tapered portion 9 of the vibration transmission member 8 during ultrasonic vibration transmission can be reduced compared to the conventional maximum stress value σlaX. The amount of heat generated at the vibration node portion A of the tapered portion 9 can be reduced, and damage to the vibration transmission member 8 can be prevented and appropriate treatment can be performed. Furthermore, since the vibration transmission member 8 can be prevented from being damaged during ultrasonic treatment, there is no fear that a part of the damaged part of the vibration transmission member 8 will fall into the body cavity, unlike in the prior art. In addition, Fig. 1 (b
), the characteristic curve (III) shown by the two-dot chain line represents the conventional stress state generated at the tip end portion 9 of the vibration transmission member 8 during ultrasonic vibration transmission, and the characteristic curve (IV) shown by the two-dot chain line represents the stress state of the present invention. This shows the stress state of each structure.

Note that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the tip end portion 9 of the vibration transmitting member 8 may be changed as shown in each of the embodiments shown in the drawings from FIG. 3 onwards.

For example, as in the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. A same-diameter portion 31 having approximately the same outer diameter is formed up to the front position of the vibration node A in the detail 9, and the outer diameter gradually decreases toward the front end of this same-diameter portion 31. A portion 32 may also be formed, and in this case as well, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

Further, FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.

This makes the inner diameter of the inner circumferential surface 41 of the tapered tip part 9 the same from the position of the connecting part with the vibrator part 11 to the tip position of the tapered tip part 9, and the outer circumferential surface of the tapered tip part 9. is a small diameter portion 42 whose outer diameter is the same from the connecting portion position with the vibrator portion 11 to the vibration node portion A position in the tip tapered portion 9;
A tapered portion 43 is formed on the front side of the small diameter portion 42 and has a larger diameter than the small diameter portion 42 and whose outer diameter gradually decreases toward the distal end.

In this case as well, the area near the vibration node A in the tip tapered portion 9 is larger than the cross-sectional area S1 of the output end (rear side of the vibration node A) of the vibration node A (the front side of the vibration node A). Since the acoustic characteristic changing means 13 is provided for changing the acoustic characteristics to a state where the vibration amplification effect is suppressed by changing the cross-sectional area S2 of the section side) to be large (S2>Sl), this is different from the first embodiment. A similar effect can be obtained.

Furthermore, FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

This is formed by forming the small diameter portion 42 of the third embodiment by a tapered portion 44 whose outer diameter gradually decreases toward the distal end. In this case as well, as in the third embodiment, there is an input near the vibration node A in the tip tapered portion 9 compared to the cross-sectional area S+ of the output end of the vibration node A (the rear side of the vibration node A). Cross-sectional area S of the end (front side of vibration node A)
Since the acoustic characteristic changing means 13 is provided, which changes the acoustic characteristic to a state where the vibration amplification effect is suppressed by changing the acoustic characteristic so as to increase the width of S2 (S2 > St), the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. be able to.

Further, FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

This makes the outer diameter of the outer circumferential surface 51 of the tapered tip part 9 the same from the position of the connecting part with the vibrator part 11 to the tip position of the tapered tip part 9, and the inner circumferential surface of the tapered tip part 9. includes a large diameter portion 52 having the same inner diameter from the connection portion position with the vibrator portion 11 to the vibration node portion A position in the tip tapered portion 9;
A tapered portion 53 is formed on the front side of the large diameter portion 52 and has a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion 52 and whose inner diameter gradually increases toward the distal end.

In this case as well, the area near the vibration node A in the tip tapered portion 9 is larger than the cross-sectional area Sl of the output end (rear side of the vibration node A) of the vibration node A (the front side of the vibration node A). Since the acoustic characteristic changing means 13 is provided for changing the acoustic characteristics to a state in which the vibration amplification effect is suppressed by changing the cross-sectional area S2 of the part side) to be larger (S2 > Sl), it is different from the first embodiment. A similar effect can be obtained.

Furthermore, FIG. 7 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

This is done by dividing the tip tapered part 9 of the vibration transmitting member 8 into two parts, front and back, at the vibration node A position in this tip tapered part 9, and forming the front part side component 61 of this vibration node part A into the tip tapered part 9. In addition to forming the material with increased density,
The rear component 62 of this vibration node part A is connected to the tip tapered part 9.
The vibration transmitting member 8 is formed by forming the material with a lower density, and by connecting and fixing the front side component 61 and the rear side component 62 by welding.
Acoustic characteristic changing means 13 for changing the acoustic characteristics to a state that suppresses the vibration amplification effect is provided near the vibration node A on the distal end side. In this case, since the vibration transmission speeds of metal materials having the same material density are approximately equal, the density of the materials of the front side component 61 and the rear side component 62 at the vibration node A position in the tip tapered part 9 is By changing the cross-sectional area S1 of the output end (rear side of the vibration node A) of the vibration node A in the vicinity of the vibration node A in the tip tapered portion 9, the input end (vibration node A It is possible to change the acoustic characteristics to a state where the vibration amplification effect is suppressed in substantially the same way as when the cross-sectional area S2 of the front side) is changed to be larger (S2 > Sl). Therefore, in this case as well, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

Further, FIG. 8 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

This is because the front side component 61 in the sixth embodiment is further divided into two parts, front and back, and the first front side component 71 is formed by reducing the density of the material for forming the tip tapered part 9. At the same time, the second constituent member 72 on the rear side is formed with a material having a higher density for forming the tip tapered portion 9, and the gap between the first constituent member 71 and the second constituent member 72 is increased. They are connected and fixed by welding. In this case as well, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that various other modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention.

[Effects of the Invention] According to this invention, an acoustic characteristic changing means for changing the acoustic characteristics to suppress the vibration amplification effect is provided near the vibration node on the tip side of the vibration transmitting member, thereby preventing damage to the vibration transmitting member. This allows for reliable and appropriate treatment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the main part configuration of an ultrasonic treatment device, its vibration characteristics, and stress characteristics, respectively, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the state of use of the sonic therapy device; FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the configuration of main parts of the second embodiment of the invention and its vibration characteristics; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the third embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5 is a side view partially showing the main structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention in cross section; FIG.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a partial cross-section of the main structure of the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a side view showing a partial cross-section of the main structure of the sixth embodiment of the invention. 8A and 8B are side views showing the main structure of a seventh embodiment of the present invention, partially in section. 1... Ultrasonic vibrator, 8... Vibration transmission member, 13.
...Acoustic characteristic changing means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an ultrasonic treatment device equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator and a vibration transmission member that transmits ultrasonic vibrations generated by the ultrasonic vibrator, the vibration amplification effect is suppressed near a vibration node on the distal end side of the vibration transmission member. An ultrasonic treatment device characterized by being provided with acoustic characteristic changing means for changing acoustic characteristics depending on the state.