JPH0314358B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention provides an electronic device that can set a desired scale in addition to a predetermined scale, and that can switch between the set scale and the predetermined scale. Regarding musical instruments.

[Prior art]

Electronic musical instruments have been proposed that can generate scale signals of non-equal tempered scales in addition to the commonly used equal tempered scales. This is configured such that a plurality of types of scale data including an equal-tempered scale are stored in advance in a storage circuit, and desired scale data is selected from among these data. However, this method cannot use only memorized scales,
It has the disadvantage of not being able to perform in a variety of ways.

In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to allow the user to freely create scales. One conceivable method for this is to vary the frequency division ratio of a frequency dividing circuit that divides the fundamental frequency of the scale to vary the frequency of each pitch that makes up the scale. However, for this purpose, for example, providing a key to increase or decrease the frequency division ratio and operating it to set the frequency of the desired pitch requires considerable skill and is not something that anyone can do. Ta.

Furthermore, once the pitch frequency has been changed in this way, similar operations are required to return to the normally used equal-tempered scale.

[Purpose of the invention]

In view of the above-mentioned points, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument that allows a desired scale to be set accurately with simple operation, and that can quickly return to the original normally used scale.

[Key points of the invention]

The present invention comprises a first storage means in which frequency information is stored in advance for each specific value unit, a readable and writable second storage means in which frequency information of a specific scale is preset, and a frequency information for one octave. and a third storage means in which frequency information of a predetermined scale is stored, and when the frequency information constituting the scale preset in the second storage means is specified in the setting mode, this specified Instead of the frequency information, frequency information having a specific value different from the first storage means is stored in the second storage means, and in the performance mode, either the second storage means or the third storage means is stored. It is characterized by being able to select a scale stored in the .

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a main block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. 1 in the figure is the keyboard, 2 in the figure
is a switch section 2 which has a switch 2a for selecting various modes for appropriately setting (SET) an equal tempered scale (Normal), an Arabic scale (Arabic), and an Arabic scale, and switches for tone selection, etc.; Both outputs are input to a control section (central processing unit) 3 that controls all operations of the electronic musical instrument. This control section 3 includes one
A built-in frequency table 3a stores frequency numbers in units of 50 cents within an octave.

4 in the figure is a scale generator that creates frequencies corresponding to each pitch, and either the equal temperament ROM 5 stores frequency numbers corresponding to the equal tempered scale or the frequency numbers corresponding to the Arabic scale. The output from the scale register 6 is sent to the gate circuit G1,
It is input by controlling the opening and closing of G2. A switching signal from the control section 3 is input directly or via the inverter 7 to the gate circuits G1 and G2. Further, the average value ROM 5 converts the signals t ₁ to t ₁₂ outputted from the timing generator 8 into a decoder 9.
By specifying an address through the gate circuit G1, a frequency number based on equal temperament is input to the scale generator 4 through the gate circuit G1. Above signal t ₁ ~
_t12 is output at the timing shown in FIG.
These signals t ₁ to _{t 12} are applied to AND gates 10-1 to 10-
12, respectively. Further, signals t ₁ ' to t ₁₂ ' from the control section 3 are input to the other ends of the AND gates 10-1 to 10-12, respectively. The outputs of the AND gates 10-1 to 10-12 are directly input to the gate circuits G3 and G4 via the OR gate 11 and directly to the gate circuits G3 and G4 via the inverter 12, respectively. When appropriately setting an Arabic scale, this gate circuit G3 receives a corresponding frequency number from the frequency table 3a according to a signal obtained by operating the keyboard 1. The gate circuit G4 shifts the frequency numbers corresponding to the 12 note names for one octave stored in the scale register 6 using the clock CLK from the terminal CLK of the control section 3, and inputs the shifted frequency numbers to the scale register 6 again. control what is allowed.

On the other hand, a signal K output from the control section 3 when the key is turned on or off is input to the scale generator 4. With this signal K, the musical scale frequency based on the note name specified by the switch 2a is input to the musical tone creation section 13, and together with the key code output from the control section 3, the frequency corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key and the specified tone are input. A musical tone is created and emitted through the amplifier 14 and speaker 15. A signal is further input to the display section 16 from the gate circuit G2. This display section 16 is composed of a liquid crystal and displays a musical scale based on the frequency number outputted from the musical scale register 6 when the switch 2a is set to the Arabic or SET position.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the keyboard 1, and shows the range from the second octave (OCt2) to the sixth octave (OCt6).
It consists of 49 keys. When the switch 2a is set to the normal position, that is, to perform a performance based on the equal tempered scale, the timing generator 8
By inputting the clock CLK from , signals t ₁ to t ₁₂ are output. These signals t ₁ to _{t 12} are decoded by a decoder 9 to output frequency numbers of 12 pitch names corresponding to one octave of the equal tempered ROM 5. Here, since the switching signal from the control section 3 is outputting "1", the gate circuit G1 is opened and the equal temperament
The frequency number of the ROM 5 is input to the scale generator 4. When a key on the keyboard 1 is pressed, the value of the signal K becomes "1" at the timing of the pressed note name by turning on the key from the control section 3. Therefore, the frequency corresponding to the note name is output from the scale generator 4 and input to the musical tone generator 13. The key code signal from the control section 3 is input to this musical tone creation section 13, the signal from the scale generator 4 is divided into frequencies corresponding to the octave, a musical tone is created with the set tone, and the amplifier 14, Sound is emitted through the speaker 15.

Next, the switch 2a is set to the Arabic position, and a performance is performed based on the Arabic scale. Here, when the electronic musical instrument is powered on, the control section 3 sends a signal
t ₁ ′ to t ₁₂ ′ are sequentially AND gated 10-1 to 10-1
Output to one end of 2. On the other hand, timing generator 8
The signals t ₁ to _{t 12} from the AND gates 10-1 to 10
-12 to the other end. Therefore, the AND gates 10-1 to 10-12 open at the timing of the signals _t1 to _t12 , and output a gate circuit opening/closing control signal to the gate circuit G3 via the OR gate. Further, the control section 3 outputs frequency numbers from the frequency table 3a in synchronization with the timing of the signals _t1 to _t12 , and the frequency numbers are stored in the scale register 6, respectively. Here, the frequency number _f1 is stored in the register F1 of the scale register ₆ , and the frequency numbers _f3 , _{f3 ,}
f ₅ , f ₇ , f ₈ , f ₁₁ , f ₁₃ , f ₁₅ , f ₁₇ , f ₁₉ , f ₂₁ , and f ₂₂ are stored, respectively. After that, the control unit 3 sends a signal
There is no output from t ₁ ′ to _{t 12} ′, and the gate circuit G3 is closed.
The gate circuit G4 is opened and the value of the scale register 6 is repeatedly shifted.

The switching signal from the control unit 3 outputs "0", and via the inverter 7, the gate circuit G2 is opened and the gate circuit G1 is closed. Therefore, the frequency number stored in the scale register 6 is the frequency number stored in the scale generator 4.
Enter the information in sequence. The subsequent operations are the same as those based on the equal temperament scale.

Next, set switch 2a to the SET position,
The operation of arbitrarily setting an Arabic scale by a performer will be explained. On keyboard 1, as shown in Figure 4, the lowest octave is the fourth octave (OCt4).
The next octave is the fifth octave (OCt5), and the next two octaves (down, UP) and one key are used for setting the Arabic scale. now,
The Arabic scale is C, D, as shown in Figure 5.
They are preset as E, F, G, A, and B ^b . Here, if you want to change the pitch name C to C ^b , turn on the key C in the octave down range. Conversely, note name C is C
, turn on the octave range UP key C.

First, the case of changing the pitch name C to C ^b will be explained using the scale setting flow shown in FIG. Start at step S1 and proceed to step S2.
In this step S2, it is determined whether the key in the octave range UP, which is pressed when raising the scale note by 50 cents, has been pressed. Since we are currently pressing a key in the down octave range, we judge "NO" and proceed to step S3. In this step S3, contrary to step S2, it is determined whether a key in the octave range down, which is pressed when lowering the scale note by 50 cents, is pressed. Since I am currently pressing key C of this octave down range, I judge it as "YES" and proceed to step S4.
Proceed to. C-sen is determined in step S4, and the process advances to step S5. Then, the signal t ₁ ' from the control section 3 becomes "1". Signal t ₁ from timing generator 8
When output, the AND gate 10-1 opens and the signal via the OR gate 11 is input to the gate circuit G3, which closes the gate circuit G4.
3 is opened. Further, a frequency number _f24 is outputted from the frequency table 3a and inputted to the gate circuit G3. Therefore, at the timing of the signal _t1 of the timing generator 8, the frequency number _f24 is input to the corresponding register _F1 of the scale register 6 and stored. After the signal t ₁ ' is reset to "0", the process advances to step S6. Thereafter, when C# is turned on, the process proceeds to step S7, and the same operation as described above is performed, so that the signal t ₂ ' becomes 1 and the frequency number f ₂ is stored in the corresponding register F ₂ of the scale register 6. Similar operations are performed in steps S8 and S9, and the process advances to step S10 to perform other controls.

Next, the case of changing the pitch name C to C will be explained. When the octave range UP key C is turned on, it is judged as “YES” in step S2 and the process proceeds to step S11.
Proceed to. Then, it is further determined as "YES" and the process proceeds to step S12. At step S12, the control section 3 outputs the signal t ₁ ' as "1". Then, when the signal _t1 from the timing signal generator 8 is output, the AND gate 10-1 and the OR gate 11
A signal is input to the gate circuit G3 to open the gate circuit G3 and close the gate circuit G4. On the other hand, from the frequency table 3a, the frequency number f ₂
is output and input to the gate circuit G3. Therefore, at the timing of the signal _t1 of the timing generator 8, the frequency number _f2 is input to the corresponding register _F1 of the scale register 6 and stored. And the signal
After t ₁ ' is reset to "0", the process advances to step S13. Thereafter, if C# is turned on, the process proceeds to step S14, where the frequency number _f4 is stored in register _F2 , and if B is turned on, the process proceeds to step S16 via step S15.
The frequency number _f24 is stored in the register _F12 .

The rightmost key of the keyboard 1 is a clear key that cancels the Arabic scale set by the player and sets it to the Arabic scale that is preset when the power is turned on. When this clear key is turned on, "YES" is determined in step S17, and the process proceeds to step S18, where the same operation as when the frequency number is stored in the scale register 6 when the power is turned on is executed, and the Arabic scale shown in FIG. The frequency number corresponding to is the scale register 6.
is memorized.

On the other hand, the fourth octave (OCt4), which is the lowest octave on keyboard 1, and the fifth octave (OCt5), which is one step higher, can be played by ear by actually playing the Arabic scale stored in scale register 6. Used for confirmation. Therefore, while setting the Arabic scale, the player can easily perform a performance based on the Arabic scale that has just been set, and judge whether or not it suits the player's own preference.

Furthermore, the switch 2a is Arabic or
When set to SET position, gate circuit G
The output from 2 is output to the display unit 16, and the Arabic scale based on the frequency number of the currently set scale register is displayed, so visual confirmation can be performed, making the setting operation of the Arabic scale very easy. It's something that makes you feel comfortable.

In addition, in this example, a key of two octaves is used.
The Arabic scale was set by moving up and down in 50 cent increments, but this is not limited to this; it is possible to create a detailed Arabic scale by using four octaves of the key, two octaves to move up or down by 45 cents, and two octaves to move up or down by 55 cents. You can also set it as you like. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention can be similarly applied to non-equal-tempered scales other than Arabic scales.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention includes a first storage means in which frequency information is stored in advance for each specific value unit;
It has a readable and writable second storage means in which frequency information of a specific scale is preset, and a third storage means in which frequency information of a predetermined scale for one octave is stored. When frequency information constituting a preset scale is specified in the second storage means in advance in the mode, frequency information different by a specific value from the first storage means is stored in the second storage means instead of the specified frequency information. The user can create a desired scale by simply specifying the pitch that he or she wants to change from among the stored scales. Furthermore, in the performance mode, the scale stored in either the second storage means or the third storage means can be selected, so that commonly used scales can be stored in the third storage means. If you memorize it, no matter how freely you set the scale, you can immediately return to the original, commonly used scale by operating the selection means, and you can change the frequency of each pitch again. No complicated operations required.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a main block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing frequency numbers divided into 50 cents per octave, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing frequency numbers divided into 50 cent units.
A time chart showing the timing of signals t ₁ to _{t 12} output from the timing generator 8. FIG. 4 is a diagram of the function division state of the keyboard 1 according to the setting position of the switch 2a, and FIG. A musical score showing an Arabic scale, FIG. 6 is a flowchart that operates when setting an Arabic scale. 1... Keyboard, 3a... Frequency table, 4...
Scale generator, 5... Equal temperament ROM, 6... Scale register.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A performance operator, a first storage means in which frequency information for one octave is stored in specific value units, a second storage means that can be read and written, and this second storage. Preset means for causing the means to store in advance frequency information corresponding to a specific scale among the frequency information stored in the first storage means; 3 storage means; a mode switching means for switching between the performance mode and the setting mode; and a mode switching means for switching between the performance mode and the setting mode; a selection means for selectively outputting one of the frequency information stored in the storage means; and a selection means for selectively outputting one of the frequency information stored in the storage means; and a selection means for selectively outputting one of the frequency information stored in the storage means; Instead of the stored frequency information, frequency information stored in the first storage means and having a different specific value from the frequency information is stored in the second storage means.
An electronic musical instrument comprising: a changing means for storing in a storage means; and a scale sound generating means for generating a scale sound based on frequency information selected and output by the selection means. 2. The changing means stores the frequency information in the first storage means in place of the frequency information stored in the second storage means corresponding to the pitch specified by the performance operator, and changes the frequency information and the frequency information stored in the second storage means. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein frequency information having different specific values is stored in said second storage means. 3. The performance operator consists of two octave keys, one octave key is used to store frequency information obtained by adding the specific value to the frequency information of a specified pitch, and the other one octave key is used to store frequency information obtained by adding the specific value to frequency information of a specified pitch. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein the minute key is used to store frequency information obtained by subtracting the specific value from frequency information of a specified pitch.