JPH0314357B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument with a scale setting function that allows a performer to freely set scales other than the equal-tempered scale.

[Prior art]

BACKGROUND ART Electronic musical instruments have been known that can be set to special scales, such as just intonation, Albia, and Pythagorean scales, in addition to the equal temperament scale. For example, an electronic musical instrument disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 121493/1980 is an example. In this method, in addition to the equal temperament scale, scales such as just intonation, Pythagorean scale, and intermediate diatonic scale are stored in advance in the storage means, and a desired scale is selected and outputted using a selection switch.

According to this, the performer can perform using scales other than equal temperament, and more diverse performances are possible.

[Problems with conventional technology]

However, according to the prior art as described above,
The scales that can be selected by the performer are within the range of scales stored in advance in the storage means, and no more can be selected. Incidentally, there are a wide variety of scales used in musical performances, and it has been impossible with conventional configurations to store all types of scales in advance to suit the uses of all performers.

[Purpose of the invention]

In view of the above-mentioned points, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument that allows a player to freely set the type of scale desired by the player.

[Key points of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a first storage means that stores frequency information for one octave in advance in units of specific values, and a first storage means that stores frequency information corresponding to a specific scale from this first storage means in advance. and a second storage means for presetting, and when in the performance mode outputs the frequency information stored in the second storage means corresponding to the operated performance controller, and when in the setting mode, outputs the frequency information stored in the second storage means corresponding to the given pitch and the second pitch.
In place of the frequency information stored in the storage means of
It is characterized in that frequency information stored in the storage means and which differs from the frequency information by the specific value is stored in the second storage means.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a main block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. 1 in the figure is the keyboard, 2 in the figure
is a switch section 2 which has a switch 2a for selecting various modes for conveniently setting (SET) an equal tempered scale (Normal), an Arabic scale (Arabic), and an Arabic scale, and switches for tone selection, etc.; Both outputs are input to a control section (central processing unit) 3 that controls all operations of the electronic musical instrument. This control section 3 includes one
A built-in frequency table 3a stores frequency numbers in units of 50 cents within an octave.

4 in the figure is a scale generator that creates frequencies corresponding to each pitch, and either the equal temperament ROM 5 stores frequency numbers corresponding to the equal tempered scale or the frequency numbers corresponding to the Arabic scale. The output from the scale register 6 is sent to the gate circuit G1,
It is input by controlling the opening and closing of G2. A switching signal from the control section 3 is input directly or via the inverter 7 to the gate circuits G1 and G2. The equal tempered ROM 5 also sends signals t ₁ to t ₁₂ output from the timing generator 8 to a decoder 9.
By specifying an address through the gate circuit G1, a frequency number based on equal temperament is input to the scale generator 4 through the gate circuit G1. Above signal t ₁ ~
_t12 is output at the timing shown in FIG.
These signals t ₁ to _{t 12} are applied to AND gates 10-1 to 10-
12, respectively. Further, signals t' ₁ to t' ₁₂ from the control section 3 are input to the other ends of the AND gates 10-1 to 10-12, respectively. The outputs of the AND gates 10-1 to 10-12 are directly input to the gate circuits G3 and G4 via the OR gate 11 and directly to the gate circuits G3 and G4 via the inverter 12, respectively. When appropriately setting the Arabic scale, this gate circuit G3 receives a corresponding frequency number from the frequency table 3a according to a signal obtained by operating the keyboard 1. The gate circuit G4 shifts the frequency numbers corresponding to the 12 note names for one octave stored in the scale register 6 using the clock CLK from the terminal CLK of the control section 3, and inputs the shifted frequency numbers to the scale register 6 again. control what is allowed.

On the other hand, a signal K output from the control section 3 when the key is turned on or off is input to the scale generator 4. With this signal K, the musical scale frequency based on the note name specified by the switch 2a is input to the musical tone creation section 13, and together with the key code output from the control section 3, the frequency corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key and the specified tone are input. A musical tone is created and emitted through the amplifier 14 and speaker 15. A signal is further input to the display section 16 from the gate circuit G2. This display section 16 is composed of a liquid crystal and displays a musical scale based on the frequency number outputted from the musical scale register 6 when the switch 2a is set to the Arabic and SET positions.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the keyboard 1, and shows the range from the second octave (OCt2) to the sixth octave (OCt6).
It consists of 49 keys. When the switch 2a is set to the normal position, that is, to perform a performance based on the equal tempered scale, the timing generator 8
By inputting the clock CLK from , signals t ₁ to t ₁₂ are output. These signals t ₁ to _{t 12} are decoded by a decoder 9 to output frequency numbers of 12 pitch names corresponding to one octave of the equal tempered ROM 5. Here, since the switching signal from the control section 3 is outputting "1", the gate circuit G1 is opened and the equal temperament
The frequency number of the ROM 5 is input to the scale generator 4. When a key on the keyboard 1 is pressed, the value of the signal K becomes "1" at the timing of the pressed note name by turning on the key from the control section 3. Therefore, the frequency corresponding to the note name is output from the scale generator 4 and input to the musical tone generator 13. A key code signal from the control section 3 is input to the musical tone creation section 13, and the signal from the scale generator 4 is divided into frequencies corresponding to the octave, and the amplifier 14 generates a musical tone with a set tone. , the sound is emitted through the speaker 15.

Next, the switch 2a is set to the Arabic position, and a performance is performed based on the Arabic scale. Here, when the electronic musical instrument is powered on, the control section 3 sends a signal
t′ ₁ to t′ ₁₂ are sequentially AND gated 10-1 to 10-1
Output to one end of 2. On the other hand, timing generator 8
The signals t ₁ to _{t 12} from the AND gates 10-1 to 10
-12 to the other end. Therefore, the AND gates 10-1 to 10-12 are opened at the timing of the signals _t1 to _t12 , and are connected to the gate circuit G via the OR gate 11.
A gate circuit opening/closing control signal is output to 3. Further, the control section 3 outputs frequency numbers from the frequency table 3a in synchronization with the timing of the signals _t1 to _t12 , and the frequency numbers are stored in the scale register 6, respectively. Here, the frequency number _f1 is stored in the register F1 of the scale register ₆ , and the frequency numbers _f3 , _f5 , _f7 , _f8 , _f11 , _f13 are stored in the following registers _F2 to _F12 . , f ₁₅ , f ₁₇ , f ₁₉ , f ₂₁ ,
f ₂₂ are memorized respectively. Thereafter, the signals t' ₁ to t' ₁₂ are not outputted from the control section 3, the gate circuit G3 is closed, the gate circuit G4 is opened, and the value of the scale register 6 is repeatedly shifted.

The switching signal from the control unit 3 outputs "0", and via the inverter 7, the gate circuit G2 is opened and the gate circuit G1 is closed. Therefore, the frequency number stored in the scale register 6 is the frequency number stored in the scale generator 4.
Enter the information in sequence. The subsequent operations are the same as those based on the equal temperament scale.

Next, set switch 2a to the SET position,
The operation of arbitrarily setting an Arabic scale by a performer will be explained. On keyboard 1, as shown in Figure 4, the lowest octave is the fourth octave (OCt4).
The next octave is the fifth octave (OCt5), and the next two octaves (down, UP) and one key are used for setting the Arabic scale. now,
The Arabic scale is C, D, as shown in Figure 5.
E ^b , F, G, A, and B are set in advance. Here, if you want to change the pitch name C to C ^b , turn on the key C in the octave down range. Conversely, note name C is C
, turn on the octave range UP key C.

In case of changing the pitch name C to C, please refer to the 6th section.
This will be explained using the scale setting flow shown in the figure. Start at step S1 and proceed to step S2. In this step S2, it is determined whether the key in the octave range UP, which is pressed when raising the scale note by 50 cents, has been pressed. Since we are currently pressing a key in the down octave range, we judge "NO" and proceed to step S3. In this step S3, contrary to step S2, it is determined whether a key in the octave range down, which is pressed when lowering the scale note by 50 cents, is pressed. Since the key C of this octave down range is now being pressed, it is judged as "YES" and the process proceeds to step S4. At step S4, it is determined that C is on, and the process proceeds to step S5. Then, the signal t' ₁ from the control section 3 becomes "1". Signal t ₁ from timing generator 8
When output, the AND gate 10-1 opens and the signal via the OR gate 11 is input to the gate circuit G3, which closes the gate circuit G4.
3 is opened. Further, a frequency number _f24 is outputted from the frequency table 3a and inputted to the gate circuit _G3 . Therefore, the signal of timing generator 8
At the timing _t1 , the frequency number _f24 is input to the corresponding register _F1 of the scale register 6 and stored. After the signal _t'1 is reset to "0", the process advances to step S6. Thereafter, when C# is turned on, the process proceeds to step S7, where the signal t' ₂ becomes 1 and the frequency number f ₂ is stored in the corresponding register F ₂ of the scale register 6 in the same manner as described above.
Similar operations are performed in steps S8 and S9, and the process advances to step S10 to perform other controls.

Next, the case of changing the pitch name C to C ^b will be explained. When key C of the octave range UP is turned on, "YES" is determined in step S2 and the process proceeds to step S11. Then, it is further determined as "YES" and the process proceeds to step S12. At step S12, the control section 3 outputs the signal _t'1 as "1". and,
When the signal _t1 from the timing signal generator 8 is output, the signal via the AND gate 10-1 and the OR gate 11 is input to the gate circuit G3.
3 is opened, and gate circuit G4 is closed. on the other hand,
A frequency number _f2 is output from the frequency table 3a and input to the gate circuit G3. Therefore, at the timing of the signal _t1 of the timing generator 8, the frequency number _f2 is input to the corresponding register _F1 of the scale register 6 and stored. After the signal _t'1 is reset to "0", the process advances to step S13.
After that, if you turn on C#, proceed to step S14.
Frequency number _f4 is stored in register _F2 , and when B is turned on, the process advances to step S16 via step S15, and frequency number _f24 is stored in register _F12 .

The rightmost key of the keyboard 1 is a clear key that cancels the Arabic scale set by the groove player and sets it to the Arabic scale that is preset when the power is turned on. When this clear key is turned on, "YES" is determined in step S17, and the process proceeds to step S18, where the same operation as when the frequency number is stored in the scale register 6 when the power is turned on is executed, and the Arabic scale shown in FIG. The frequency number corresponding to is the scale register 6.
is memorized.

On the other hand, the fourth octave (OCt4), which is the lowest octave on keyboard 1, and the fifth octave (OCt5), which is one step higher, can be played by ear by actually playing the Arabic scale stored in scale register 6. Used for confirmation. Therefore, while setting the Arabic scale, the player can easily perform a performance based on the Arabic scale that has just been set, and judge whether or not it suits the player's own preference.

Furthermore, the switch 2a is Arabic or
When set to SET position, gate circuit G2
output to the display unit 16 and display the Arabic scale based on the frequency number of the currently set scale register, allowing for visual confirmation, making the setting operation of the Arabic scale very easy. It is what it is.

In addition, in this example, a key of two octaves is used.
The Arabic scale was set by moving up and down in steps of 50 cents, but the key is not limited to this; four octaves are used, and two octaves and 55 to move up and down by 45 cents are used.
You can also use two octaves to set the Arabic scale in detail to move the cent up or down.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, there is provided a first storage means in which frequency information for one octave is stored in advance for each specific value unit, and frequency information selected from the first storage means is stored as frequency information of a specific scale. By storing the frequency information in place of the specified pitch in the second storage means, the specified frequency information can be replaced with one different from the specified value. It becomes possible to set the desired scale completely freely. This allows for a wide variety of musical scales to be used for performance, making it possible to provide an electronic musical instrument that can be played with a wider range of flexibility.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a main block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing frequency numbers divided into 50 cents per octave, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing frequency numbers divided into 50 cent units.
A time chart showing the timing of signals t ₁ to _{t 12} output from the timing generator 8. FIG. 4 is a diagram of the function division state of the keyboard 1 according to the setting position of the switch 2a, and FIG. A musical score showing an Arabic scale, FIG. 6 is a flowchart that operates when setting an Arabic scale. 1... Keyboard, 3a... Frequency table, 4...
Scale generator, 5... Equal temperament ROM, 6... Scale register.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A performance operator, a first storage means in which frequency information for one octave is stored in specific value units, a second storage means that can be read and written, and this second storage. Presetting means for storing in advance frequency information corresponding to a specific scale among the frequency information stored in the first storage means, mode switching means for switching between a performance mode and a setting mode, and the mode switching means a selection means for outputting frequency information stored in the second storage means corresponding to the performance operator operated when the mode is switched to the performance mode by the mode switching means; In place of the frequency information stored in the second storage means corresponding to the specified pitch when the pitch is specified, frequency information stored in the first storage means and which differs from the frequency information by the specific value is replaced with the frequency information stored in the second storage means. 2
An electronic musical instrument with a scale setting function, comprising: a changing means for storing in a storage means; and a scale sound generating means for generating a scale sound based on the frequency information output from the selection means. 2. The changing means stores the frequency information in the first storage means in place of the frequency information stored in the second storage means corresponding to the pitch specified by the performance operator, and changes the frequency information and the frequency information stored in the second storage means. 2. The electronic musical instrument with a scale setting function according to claim 1, wherein frequency information having different specific values is stored in said second storage means. 3. The performance operator consists of two octave keys, one octave key is used to store frequency information obtained by adding the specific value to the frequency information of a specified pitch, and the other one octave key is used to store frequency information obtained by adding the specific value to frequency information of a specified pitch. 3. The electronic musical instrument with a scale setting function according to claim 2, wherein the minute key is used to store frequency information obtained by subtracting the specific value from frequency information of a specified pitch.