JPH03140767A - Ice heat accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable continuous ice making without closing the supply port of an oily liquid by cooling extracted oily liquid to the freezing temperature or less of an aqueous solution and dropping and feeding the oily liquid cooled from the upper section of the aqueous solution stored in an ice freezing tank. CONSTITUTION:An oily liquid O positioned in a lower part in an ice freezing tank 2 is extracted by an oily-liquid extracting means 3, cooled at the freezing temperature or less of an aqueous solution W by an oily-liquid cooling means 4, forwarded to an oily-liquid supply means 5, and dropped and fed to the aqueous solution W stored in the ice freezing tank 2 from the upper section of the aqueous solution W. The dropped and fed oily liquid O falls in the aqueous solution W due to the difference in specific gravity between the liquid O and the aqueous solution W, and is heat-exchanged with the aqueous solution W in the process, and the aqueous solution W is cooled up to the freezing temperature of the aqueous solution W.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention cools and freezes the aqueous solution by bringing an aqueous solution as a heat storage medium into direct contact with an oily liquid as a cooling medium, and the resulting ice Regarding the ice heat storage device that stores
In particular, it concerns measures to improve ice-making capacity.

(Conventional technology) In recent years, thermal storage air conditioning systems have been used in relatively large-scale air conditioning systems in industrial plants, buildings, etc., with the aim of reducing the power requirement during peak cooling load times and increasing power demand during off-peak times. Among them, the ice heat storage method is attracting attention.

The most common type of air conditioning system that has adopted this ice heat storage method is called a static system, in which a cooling pipe for evaporating the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit is placed inside a storage tank containing water for ice making. The water is cooled by evaporation of the refrigerant in the cooling pipe to generate ice on the surface of the cooling pipe, and the ice is stored as a heat storage medium in the storage tank.

However, in this type of system, the ice adhering to the cooling pipes becomes a heat transfer resistance, and as the thickness of the ice increases, the heat transfer performance decreases, resulting in a decrease in the coefficient of performance COP of the system. there were.

Furthermore, since the ice formed on the cooling pipes is in the form of ice blocks, it is difficult to melt the ice quickly and uniformly during heat dissipation, and it is difficult to obtain heat dissipation that follows load fluctuations. Ta.

Therefore, as a conventional technique for solving these problems, there is an ice heat storage device as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-25664. This device injects an oily liquid cooled below the freezing point of an aqueous ice-making solution in the form of drops through a supply pipe immersed in the aqueous solution, thereby bringing the aqueous solution and the oily liquid into direct contact to perform heat exchange. The aqueous solution is crystallized around the oily liquid, and the crystals are stored as a heat storage medium.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above-mentioned system, since the supply port of the supply pipe is in contact with the aqueous solution, the aqueous solution near the supply port is cooled. The aqueous solution may adhere to the supply port as ice.

If the amount of this adhesion increases, the ice may block the supply port, impairing the injection of the oily liquid, and making it impossible to make continuous ice. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to obtain an ice heat storage device that enables continuous ice making without clogging the oil-based liquid supply port.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention performs ice making in a non-contact state between a supply port for an oily liquid as a cooling medium and an aqueous solution as a heat storage medium.

The specific means are as described below.

First, the invention according to claim (1), as shown in FIG. 1, provides an ice-making tank ( 2), an oily liquid extraction means (3) connected to the ice making tank (2) and for taking out the oily liquid (O) stored in the ice making tank (2) to the outside of the ice making tank (2), and the oily liquid The extraction means (3) is connected and the oily liquid (O) is taken out by the oily liquid extraction means (3).
an oily liquid cooling means (4) that cools the aqueous solution (W) below the freezing temperature of the aqueous solution (W);
) from above the aqueous solution (W) stored in the ice-making tank (2), and an oil-based liquid supply means (5) having a supply nozzle (52) for supplying the aqueous solution (W) stored in the ice-making tank (2).

On the other hand, the invention according to claim 2 stores an aqueous solution (W) for ice making and an oily liquid (O) having a larger specific weight than the aqueous solution (W), as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Ice making #f
! (2), and the ice making tank (2) is connected to the ice making tank (2).
an oily liquid extraction means (3) for taking out the oily liquid (O) stored inside the ice making tank (2);
3) is connected to the oil-based liquid cooling means (4) which cools the oil-based liquid (O) taken out by the oil-based liquid extraction means (3) to below the freezing temperature of the aqueous solution (W), and the oil-based liquid cooling means ( 4), the oily liquid (O) cooled by the oily liquid cooling means (4) is passed from the oily liquid layer side in the ice making tank (2) to the interface between the aqueous solution (W) and the oily liquid (O). and an oil-based liquid ejecting means (7) equipped with an ejection nozzle (73) immersed in the oil-based liquid (O) to eject it toward the oil-based liquid (O).

Further, the invention according to claim (3), as shown in FIG. , the oily liquid (O) cooled by the oily liquid cooling means (4) is poured into an aqueous solution (W) from the oily liquid layer side in the ice making tank (2).
) and the oily liquid (O), an oily liquid jetting means (7) is provided with a jetting nozzle (73) immersed in the oily liquid (O) to jet the oily liquid (O) toward the boundary surface.

Furthermore, the invention according to claim (4), as also shown in FIG. 4, provides the ice heat storage device according to claim (3),
A switching means (8) for switching the supply of oily liquid (O) is provided between the oily liquid supply means (5) and the oily liquid jetting means (7).

Finally, the invention according to claim (5), as shown in FIG. A heat storage tank (9) is connected to take out and store the ice (1) floating on the upper layer of the aqueous solution in the tank (2).

(Actions) The effects of the configurations of the inventions according to each of the above claims are as described below.

In the invention according to claim (1), the oily liquid extracting means (3) takes out the oily liquid (O) located in the lower layer in the ice making tank (2), and the oily liquid cooling means (4) extracts the aqueous solution (O).
After cooling to below the freezing temperature of W), the oil-based liquid supply means (
5) and the supply nozzle (
52), the aqueous solution (W) stored in the ice making tank (2)
It is supplied by falling from above. Due to the difference in specific weight between this dropped oily liquid (O) and the aqueous solution (W),
It descends through the aqueous solution (W), and in the process exchanges heat with the aqueous solution (W), cooling the aqueous solution (W) to its freezing temperature. After passing through a supercooled state, this aqueous solution (W) turns into ice, and the ice is agitated by the oily liquid (O) that is supplied falling, thereby being crushed and maintained in a slurry state.

Therefore, the supply nozzle (52) of the oily liquid supply means (5)
and the aqueous solution (W) while maintaining a non-contact state.
) to produce ice (1), the supply nozzle (
52) Problems such as ice adhering to ice and making continuous supply impossible will be resolved.

On the other hand, in the invention according to claim ('2J), the oily liquid is extracted from the heat storage tank (2) by the oily liquid extraction means (3),
The oily liquid cooled by the oily liquid cooling means (4)
O) is the injection nozzle (73) of the oil-based liquid injection means (7)
from the aqueous solution (W) toward the interface between the aqueous solution (W) and the oily liquid (O), and agitates the interface. By this stirring, the contact surface of the oily liquid (O) with the aqueous solution (W) is expanded, heat exchange is quickly performed, and the aqueous solution (W) is cooled and turned into ice. In addition, this ice making is done near the above boundary surface,
This boundary surface is constantly agitated by the jetting of oily liquid (O), so the generated ice (1) is crushed and floats to the upper layer of the aqueous solution (W) as slurry ice (1). do.

In the invention according to claim (3), the supply nozzle (52) of the oil-based liquid supply means (5) and the oil-based liquid ejection means (
By supplying the oily liquid (O) from both of the injection nozzles (73) in 7), the aqueous solution (W) can be cooled and turned into ice in a short time.

In the invention according to claim (4), the switching means (8) allows the oil-based liquid supply means (5) and the oil-based liquid jetting means (
7) By switching the supply of oil-based liquid (O) to
The supply direction of the oily liquid (O) is changed depending on the temperature state of the aqueous solution (W) and the formation state of ice (1). For example, first, the oily liquid (O) is supplied only from the oily liquid supply means (5) to freeze the aqueous solution (W), and then the switching means (8)
By switching to supply only from the oily liquid jetting means (7), the ice (1) staying near the interface between the oily liquid layer and the aqueous solution layer is crushed and floated to the upper part of the aqueous solution layer. In this way, efficient ice making operation can be obtained.

In the invention according to claim (5), the ice (1) in the ice making tank (2) is appropriately taken out to the heat storage tank (9) to float the ice (1) in the ice making tank (2). As a result, the ice (1) acts as a heat transfer resistance in the ice making tank (2), causing oily liquid (O
) and the aqueous solution (W), which prevents smooth heat exchange from occurring.

(First Embodiment) First, a first embodiment of the invention set forth in claim (1) will be described based on FIG. 1.

As shown in the figure, the ice heat storage device (1) includes an ice making tank (2)
, an oily liquid extraction means (3), an oily liquid cooling means (4), and an oily liquid supplying means (5) as main parts.

The ice making tank (2) is a box that serves both as an ice making section and a heat storage section, and inside it contains an aqueous solution (W) for ice making and the aqueous solution (W).
) and an oily liquid (O) having a larger specific weight than that of the oil-based liquid (O). It is configured to store cold heat by suspending ice (1) in the water solution M (W) above the oily liquid (O). In addition, the ice making tank (2) has a cooling load (6).
is connected, and during cooling operation such as during the day, the stored cold heat in the ice making tank (2) is sent to the cooling load (6) side and contributes to cooling.

The oily liquid extraction means (3) is for taking out the oily liquid (O) from the ice making tank (2), and includes a takeout pipe (31) and an oil pump (32) interposed in the takeout pipe (31). ) and an on-off valve (33). The upstream end (34) of the take-out pipe (31) is connected to the bottom surface (21) of the ice making tank (2), and the downstream end (35) is connected to the oil-based liquid cooling means (4), which will be described later. It is connected to the.

The oil-based liquid cooling means (4) includes a compressor (41), a condenser (
42), an expansion mechanism (43), and an evaporator (44) are connected in series by a refrigerant pipe (45) to form a well-known refrigeration circuit. A cooling pipe (46) connected to the downstream end (35) of the take-out pipe (31) is disposed inside the evaporator (44), and the take-out pipe (31) is provided in the cooling pipe (46). ) is supplied with the oil-based liquid (O) taken out.

The oil-based liquid supply means (5) is composed of a supply pipe (51) and a supply nozzle (52), and supplies the oil-based liquid (O) cooled by the oil-based liquid cooling means (4) to the ice making tank (2). It is supplied to the aqueous solution (W) inside. The upstream end (53) of the supply pipe (51) is connected to the cooling pipe (46) of the oil-based liquid cooling means (4), and the downstream end (54) is connected to the supply nozzle (52). . The supply nozzle (52) is disposed above the water surface of the aqueous solution (W), and supplies the cooled oily liquid (O
A plurality of supply ports are provided so as to disperse and supply ) to the water surface of the aqueous solution (W).

Next, each liquid (W) stored in the ice making tank (2) is
) and (O) will be explained.

The aqueous solution (W) is pure water or a mixed liquid such as brine, and its specific weight is approximately equal to 1. On the other hand, the oily liquid (O) is an inert liquid, such as a fluorine-based oil, and has a larger specific weight than the aqueous solution (W), as described above.

Next, the operation of the ice heat storage device (1) having the above configuration will be explained.

First, open the on-off valve (33) of the oily liquid extraction means (3), drive the oil pump (32), and take out the oily liquid (O) located at the bottom layer of the heat storage tank (2) through the extraction pipe ( 31) to the cooling pipe (46) of the oil-based liquid cooling means (4).
). Then, this supplied oily liquid (O)
is cooled by evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator (44) as the compressor (41) of the oil-based liquid cooling means (4) is driven. Next, this cooled oily liquid (O) is sent to the supply pipe (51) of the oily liquid supply means (5), and is arranged at the downstream end (54) of the supply pipe (51). The supply nozzle (52) causes the aqueous solution (W) to disperse and fall from above the water surface toward the water surface.

After that, the oily liquid (O) that fell into this aqueous solution (W)
is the aqueous solution (W) depending on the specific weight difference with the aqueous solution (W).
Descend inside to reach the bottom floor. During this descending process, heat exchange occurs between the aqueous solution (W) and the oily liquid (O), and after the aqueous solution (W) is cooled to freezing temperature and passes through a supercooled state, the aqueous solution (W) becomes oily. By being stirred by the liquid (O), this supercooled state is quickly dissolved and the liquid turns into ice.

The ice (1) generated here is kept in a slurry state by the above-mentioned stirring, and is floated to the upper part of the aqueous solution layer and stored as a heat storage medium.

In this way, the supply nozzle (5) of the oil-based liquid supply means (5)
2) and the aqueous solution (W) while keeping them in a non-contact state, the aqueous solution (W) is cooled to generate ice (1). During the cooling operation, the stored cold heat is supplied to the cooling load (6), thereby contributing to the cooling operation. Furthermore, since the ice (1) generated here is in the form of slurry, it is possible to follow fluctuations in the cooling load.

In this way, the supply nozzle (52), which is the supply port for the cooled oily liquid (O), is located above the water surface of the aqueous solution (W) so that it does not come into contact with the aqueous solution (W). In addition, ice (1) is prevented from adhering to the supply nozzle (52) and blocking the supply port, making continuous supply impossible.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment according to the invention of claim 2 will be described based on FIGS. 2 and 3.

In this example, an oily liquid jetting means (7) is provided in place of the oily liquid supplying means (5) of the first example. The same members as in the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIG. 2, the oil-based liquid ejection means (
7) is equipped with an oil-based liquid injection nozzle (73) at the downstream end (72) of the supply pipe (71). A plurality of oily liquid injection nozzles (73) are horizontally immersed in the oily liquid (O). The oil-based liquid injection nozzle (73) is a tube body having approximately the same diameter as the supply pipe (71), and above it, as shown in FIG. 3, there are two rows of small-diameter injection holes (74). (74), . . . are drilled.

During the ice making operation of the ice heat storage device (1) in this example, the oily liquid is taken out from the ice making tank (2) by the oily liquid extraction means (3), and when flowing through the cooling pipe (46), the oily liquid is cooled by the oily liquid cooling means (4). The cooled oily liquid (O) is passed through the supply pipe (
71) and into the oily liquid injection nozzle (73), the aqueous solution (W) and oily liquid (O) are released as high-speed jets from the injection holes (74), (74), etc. as shown in Fig. 3. It is ejected toward the boundary surface and agitates the boundary surface. By this stirring, the above boundary surface is disturbed, and the oily liquid (O) turns into an aqueous solution (
The contact area with W) is expanded to quickly exchange heat,
The aqueous solution (W) is cooled and turned into ice.

In addition, this ice making is performed near the above-mentioned boundary surface, and this boundary surface is constantly agitated by the oily liquid (O), so the generated ice (1) is crushed and turned into slurry ice. , floats to the upper layer of water-soluble 1 (W). Therefore, also in the configuration of this example, the injection nozzle (73) is
Since there is no contact with the aqueous solution (W), ice (1) is prevented from adhering to the injection hole (74) of the injection nozzle (73), making continuous supply impossible.

(Third Embodiment) Next, a third embodiment of the invention according to claims (3) and (4) will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

In the ice heat storage device (1) of this example, as shown in FIG. As in each of the above embodiments, the supply pipe (51) of the oil-based liquid supply means (5) is connected to the supply nozzle (52) located at the upper part of the ice making tank (2). A supply pipe (71) of the oily liquid jetting means (7) is connected to a spray nozzle (73) immersed in the oily liquid layer. Further, the ice heat storage device (1) of this example is provided with a switching means (8).

The switching means (8) is connected to a first solenoid valve (82) and a second solenoid valve (83) interposed in the supply pipes (51) and (71) of each system.
) and a controller (81) that controls the opening and closing of both electromagnetic valves (82) and (83).

During ice making operation, first, the controller (81)
, the first solenoid valve (82) is opened and the second solenoid valve (82) is opened.
83) is closed, and the oily liquid (O) cooled by the oily liquid cooling means (4) is passed through the supply pipe (0) of the oily liquid supplying means (5).
51), and the aqueous solution (W
) to cool and freeze the aqueous solution (W).

In this case, ice (1) forms at the boundary between the aqueous solution layer and the oily liquid layer.
may be generated, so then the controller (
81), the first solenoid valve (82) is closed, the second solenoid valve (83) is opened, and the oil-based liquid cooling means (
4) The oily liquid (O) cooled by the oily liquid jetting means (
7), and is ejected from the injection nozzle (73) toward the boundary surface to agitate the boundary surface.

By this stirring, the ice (1) near the boundary is crushed and floats to the top of the aqueous solution layer.

By repeating this operation, the ice (1) that is generated will always be stored in a suspended state at the top of the aqueous solution layer. There is no inhibition of recovery of liquid (O) and no decrease in ice making efficiency. In addition, as another example of operation, the first solenoid valve (82
) and the second solenoid valve (83) are both open and the supply nozzle (5
2) and the injection nozzle (73).
) may be set to supply. In this case, since a large amount of oily liquid (O) can be supplied into the aqueous solution (W) in a short time, the ice making time can be shortened.

(Fourth Embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment according to the invention of claim (5) will be described based on FIG. 5.

In this example, ice (1) is added to the ice heat storage device (1) of the first example.
) is provided with a heat storage tank (9) for storing.

As shown in FIG. 5, the ice making vj (2) is connected to the side by an ice removal pipe (91) and a water recovery pipe (92), and a water pump (92) is connected to the water recovery pipe (92).
3) is provided. In other words, during ice making operation,
When a predetermined amount of ice (1) is generated in the ice making tank (2), the water pump (93) is driven to transfer the aqueous solution (W') in the lower layer of the heat storage tank (9) to the water recovery pipe ( 92) into the ice making tank (2) to raise the water level in the ice making tank (2). As the water level rises, the ice (1) floating in the upper layer of the ice making tank (2) passes through the ice removal pipe (91) and is stored in the heat storage tank (9). .

Therefore, according to the configuration of this example, the ice (1
) is appropriately taken out to the heat storage tank (9), and by floating ice (1) in the ice making tank (2), the ice acts as a heat transfer resistance and smooths the flow between the oily liquid (O) and the aqueous solution (W). This solves the problem of not being able to perform proper heat exchange.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects are exhibited.

In the invention according to claim (1), ice is generated by cooling the aqueous solution while maintaining a non-contact state between the supply nozzle of the oil-based liquid supply means and the aqueous solution, so that ice does not adhere to the supply nozzle. Continuous supply of oil-based liquid is possible without any problems, and continuous ice-making operation can be performed reliably. Furthermore, since the generated ice is held in a slurry form, it is possible to follow fluctuations in the cooling load. Furthermore, the ice storage rate IPP
Since the height can be increased, the ice making tank can be made more compact.

In the invention according to claim 2, the boundary surface is constantly agitated by the jetting of the oily liquid, so that the contact surface of the oily liquid with the aqueous solution is expanded, heat exchange is quickly performed, and smooth ice making is achieved. In addition to the fact that the interface is constantly stirred, the generated ice can be forcibly floated to the top of the aqueous solution as slurry-like ice without forming into ice blocks. can.

In the invention according to claim (3), ice generation time can be shortened by supplying the cooled oily liquid from both the supply nozzle of the oily liquid supply means and the injection nozzle of the oily liquid jetting means.

In the invention according to claim (4), the supply of the oily liquid is switched between the oily liquid supply means and the oily liquid jetting means by the switching means, so that the supply of the oily liquid is changed depending on the temperature state of the aqueous solution and the ice formation state. The supply direction of the oil-based liquid can be changed by changing the oil-based liquid supply direction, resulting in highly efficient ice-making operation.

In the invention according to claim (5), by appropriately taking out the ice in the ice making tank to the heat storage tank, the ice does not float inside the ice making tank, so that the ice becomes a heat transfer resistance in the ice making tank. This allows for smooth heat exchange between the oil-based liquid and the aqueous solution, resulting in efficient ice making.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show each embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 shows the structure of the ice heat storage device in the first embodiment, FIGS. 2 and 3 show the second embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows the structure of the ice heat storage device in the first embodiment. Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 2, Figure 4 is a diagram equivalent to Figure 1 in the third embodiment, and Figure 5 is a diagram equivalent to Figure 1 in the fourth embodiment. It is. (1) Ice heat storage device (2) Heat storage tank (3) Oily liquid extraction means (4) Oily liquid cooling means (5) Oily liquid supply means (52) ... Supply nozzle (7) ... Oil-based liquid ejection means (73) ... Injection nozzle (8) ... Switching means (9) (O) (W) (1) ... Heat storage tank ...・Oil-based liquid...Aqueous solution...Ice

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) An ice-making tank (2) that stores an aqueous solution (W) for ice-making and an oily liquid (O) whose specific weight is larger than that of the aqueous solution (W); 2) An oily liquid extraction means (3) for taking out the oily liquid (O) stored in the ice making tank (2) outside is connected to the oily liquid extraction means (3), and the oily liquid extraction means (3) The extracted oily liquid (
an oily liquid cooling means (4) for cooling O) to below the freezing temperature of the aqueous solution (W); and an oily liquid cooling means (4) connected to the oily liquid cooling means (4) and cooled by the oily liquid cooling means (4). O) is added to the aqueous solution (W) stored in the ice making tank (2).
) An ice heat storage device comprising an oil-based liquid supply means (5) having a supply nozzle (52) for dropping the supply from above. (2) An ice-making tank (2) that stores an aqueous solution (W) for ice-making and an oily liquid (O) whose specific weight is larger than that of the aqueous solution (W); 2) An oily liquid extraction means (3) for taking out the oily liquid (O) stored in the ice making tank (2) outside is connected to the oily liquid extraction means (3), and the oily liquid extraction means (3) The extracted oily liquid (
an oily liquid cooling means (4) for cooling O) to below the freezing temperature of the aqueous solution (W); and an oily liquid cooling means (4) connected to the oily liquid cooling means (4) and cooled by the oily liquid cooling means (4). An injection nozzle (73) immersed in the oily liquid (O) in order to jet the oily liquid (O) from the oily liquid layer side in the ice making tank (2) toward the interface between the aqueous solution (W) and the oily liquid (O). )
An ice heat storage device comprising an oil-based liquid ejecting means (7). (3) In the ice heat storage device according to claim (1), the oil-based liquid cooling means (4) is branched and connected on the oil-based liquid distribution downstream side, and the oil-based liquid (O) cooled by the oil-based liquid cooling means (4) is Aqueous solution (W) is poured from the oily liquid layer side in the ice making tank (2)
) and the oily liquid (O), the oily liquid jetting means (7) is provided with a jetting nozzle (73) immersed in the oily liquid (O) to jet the oily liquid (O) toward the interface. Ice heat storage device. (4) In the ice heat storage device according to claim (3), a switching means (8) for switching the supply of the oily liquid (O) is provided between the oily liquid supply means (5) and the oily liquid jetting means (7). An ice heat storage device characterized by: (5) In the ice heat storage device according to claim (1), (3) or (4), the ice (1) floating on the upper layer of the aqueous solution in the ice making tank (2) is removed from the ice making tank (2). An ice heat storage device characterized in that a heat storage tank (9) for storing ice is connected thereto.