JPH07174372A - Heat exchanging method as well as ice making method employing it and ice heat accumulating device utilizing said ice making method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain given heat exchanging and ice making effect for a long period of time by a method wherein two kinds of liquids, consisting of a liquid to be cooled and a cooling medium respectively, are contacted directly with each other in a gas phase space under the condition of thin films respectively to effect the heat exchange of the cooling medium under non-evaporated condition. CONSTITUTION:Two kinds of liquids, consisting of a liquid 13 to be cooled and a cooling medium 14 respectively, are contacted directly with each other in a gas phase space 5, having a pressure higher than the vapor pressure of the cooling medium 14, under thin film conditions respectively to effect the heat exchange of the cooling medium 14 under non-evaporated condition. The liquid 13 to be cooled is ejected out of an ejecting port 17 provided on an ejector 15. In this case, the ejected liquid 13 to be cooled forms a thin film section 18 while the film section 18 becomes thinner as it becomes farer from the ejecting port 17, then, the thin film section 18 is changed into mist section 19 from some time point due to a relation between an ejecting speed and a surface tension. On the other hand, the cooling medium 14, ejected out of another ejecting port 24 provided on another ejector 23, is contacted with the thin film section 18 to effect heat exchange of the cooling medium 14 under non-evaporated condition or the state of liquid as it is and ice a part of the liquid 13 to be cooled.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchange method, an ice making method using the same, and an ice heat storage device using the ice making method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional heat exchange method and ice making method using the same, a refrigerant directly cooled to -7 ° C. by a refrigerator is brought into direct contact with water, and the sensible heat of the refrigerant cools the water to form ice. The direct contact ice making method based on the principle of changing has attracted attention and the following methods have been tried.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a typical nozzle system of the above system, which operates as follows. That is, the refrigerant 101 is cooled by a refrigerator (not shown) via an opening / closing valve, an oil pump, a cooling pipe, etc., which are not shown, via the refrigerant take-out means 102. Then, this cooled refrigerant 10
1 is supplied to the supply nozzle 104 via the refrigerant supply means 103, and initially, drops and disperses toward the water surface 106. afterwards,
The refrigerant 101 that has dropped into the water 105 descends in the water 105 and reaches the lowest layer due to the difference in specific gravity between the refrigerant 101 and the water 105. Then, during this descending process, heat exchange is performed between the water 105 and the refrigerant 101, the water 105 is cooled to the freezing temperature, and part of the water 105 is frozen. The ice 107 generated here floats above the upper layer of the water layer and is stored in a slurry state. An ice-water mixed layer 108 is between the ice 107 and the water 105.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned one, when the amount of the floating ice 107 increases with the lapse of time, before the refrigerant 101 directly contacts the water surface 106, the ice 107 Because of contact with the surface, ice 107 and ice 107 stick to each other and cause bridging. Therefore, the gap between the ice is closed and the refrigerant 101 becomes difficult to pass through, and the refrigerant 101 and the water 10
There is a drawback that contact heat exchange with 5 deteriorates at an accelerating rate and performance deteriorates rapidly.

Further, although it is conceivable to separate the ice maker and the ice storage tank as the above countermeasure, heat exchange is performed in the process that the particles of the refrigerant 101 injected from the supply nozzle 104 hit the water surface 106 and settle in the water. However, since the particles are united with each other to increase the particle size and increase the sedimentation speed, sufficient heat exchange cannot be obtained. Therefore, the degree of dispersion must be increased so that the particles of the refrigerant 101 do not coalesce,
Since it requires an extremely large volume of ice making machine per amount of refrigerant, it is difficult to put it into practical use, and no problem is solved.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object thereof is to maintain a constant heat exchange and ice-making effect for a long time without deteriorating the heat exchange performance and deteriorating the performance. In addition, it is to provide a heat exchange method capable of designing an extremely small ice maker as compared with the amount of heat exchange, an ice making method therefor, and an ice heat storage device connectable to a commercially available or an existing refrigerator. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide not only a small ice heat storage device but also a large ice heat storage device by utilizing the above ice making method.

[0008]

In the heat exchange method of the present invention, two kinds of liquids, a liquid to be cooled and a cooling medium, are directly contacted in a thin film state in a vapor phase space, and the cooling medium is Heat is exchanged in the vaporized state.

Further, in the ice making method of the present invention, an injection nozzle for individually injecting the liquid to be cooled and the cooling medium is set in the vapor phase space in the ice making storage tank, and the object to be placed at an appropriate position of the injection nozzle is set. Injects the liquid to be cooled in a thin film from the cooling liquid injection port,
On the other hand, the cooling medium is brought into direct contact with the thin film surface of the liquid to be cooled from the cooling medium injection port in a thin film state, and heat exchange is performed while the cooling medium remains in a non-evaporated state to obtain one of the liquid to be cooled. The part is to be frozen.

Next, the ice heat storage device of the present invention is provided with an ice making storage tank; an injection port for the liquid to be cooled and an injection port for the cooling medium for individually injecting the liquid to be cooled and the cooling medium, The cooled liquid is jetted in a thin film state from the cooled liquid jet port, while the cooling medium is directly contacted in the thin film state from the cooling medium jet port to the thin film surface of the cooled liquid, and the ice making is performed. An injection nozzle set in a vapor phase space in the ice storage tank; a circulation pump provided in the middle of the liquid phase of the liquid to be cooled in the ice making storage tank to supply the liquid to be cooled to the injection nozzle A circulation path for the liquid to be cooled; derived from the liquid phase of the cooling medium sinking at the bottom of the ice making storage tank or floating at the upper part of the liquid phase, and an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing valve on the way. Connected to the refrigerator via the evaporator, and the cooling medium is sprayed. It is obtained by a cooling medium circulating path for supplying to the nozzle.

Further, the ice heat storage device of the present invention is provided with an ice making storage tank; a cooled liquid jet port and a cooling medium jet port for individually jetting the liquid to be cooled and the cooling medium. The cooled liquid is jetted in a thin film state from the cooled liquid jet port, while the cooling medium is directly contacted in a thin film state from the cooling medium jet port to the thin film surface of the cooled liquid, and the ice making ice storage An injection nozzle set in a vapor phase space in the tank; a circulation pump provided in the middle of the liquid phase of the liquid to be cooled in the ice making storage tank to supply the liquid to be cooled to the injection nozzle. A circulation path for the cooling liquid; an outdoor unit that is derived from the liquid phase of the cooling medium that sinks at the bottom of the ice making storage tank or the cooling medium that floats above the liquid phase and that has a compressor and condenser inside A new refrigerator with a refrigerator consisting of multiple indoor units Connected via a vessel, in which the cooling medium and a cooling medium circulation path for supplying to said injection nozzle.

[0012]

In the heat exchange method of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, two kinds of liquids, the liquid to be cooled and the cooling medium, are brought into direct contact with each other in a thin film state in the vapor phase space, and the cooling medium is Efficient heat exchange is performed in the non-evaporated state.

Further, in the ice making method of the present invention, an injection nozzle for individually injecting the liquid to be cooled and the cooling medium is set in the vapor phase space in the ice making storage tank, and provided at an appropriate position of the injection nozzle. The cooled liquid is jetted in a thin film state from the cooled liquid jet port, while the cooling medium is directly contacted in a thin film state from the cooling medium jet port to the thin film surface of the cooled liquid,
The cooling medium is heat-exchanged in a non-evaporated state to partially liquefy the liquid to be cooled to make ice.

Next, in the ice heat storage device of the present invention, a circulation pump is provided in the circulation path for the liquid to be cooled derived from the liquid phase of the liquid to be cooled in the ice making storage tank, and the injection nozzle is provided with the circulating pump. The liquid to be cooled supplied and the evaporator in the middle of the cooling medium circulation path derived from the liquid phase of the cooling medium sunk at the bottom of the ice making storage tank or the cooling medium floating above the liquid phase,
A refrigerator comprising a compressor, a condenser, and a pressure reducing valve is connected via the evaporator, and a cooling medium supplied to the injection nozzle is injected in a thin film state in a vapor phase space in the ice making storage tank. To do. Then, by directly contacting the cooling medium in a thin film state with respect to the thin film surface of the liquid to be cooled, the cooling medium performs heat exchange in a non-evaporated state, and a part of the liquid to be cooled is It is made into ice and made into ice. Further, the cooling medium sinking at the bottom of the ice making storage tank or the cooling medium floating at the upper part of the liquid phase is again guided to the circulation pump through the circulation passage for the cooling medium. On the other hand, the partially iced cold water sinks between the floating ice, and is led again to the circulation pump via the circulation path for the liquid to be cooled.

Further, in the ice heat storage device of the present invention, a circulation pump is provided in the middle of the circulation path for the liquid to be cooled, which is derived from the liquid phase of the liquid to be cooled in the ice making storage tank, and is supplied to the jet nozzle. The liquid to be cooled, and a compressor and a condenser in the middle of the cooling medium circulation path derived from the liquid phase of the cooling medium sinking at the bottom of the ice making storage tank or the cooling medium floating above the liquid phase. A refrigerator comprising an indoor unit having a built-in outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units having a built-in evaporator is connected via a newly added evaporator, and the cooling medium supplied to the injection nozzle is connected to the air inside the ice making storage tank. Inject each in a thin film state in the phase space. Then, by directly contacting the cooling medium in a thin film state with respect to the thin film surface of the liquid to be cooled, the cooling medium performs heat exchange in a non-evaporated state, and a part of the liquid to be cooled is It is made into ice and made into ice. Further, the cooling medium sinking at the bottom of the ice making storage tank or the cooling medium floating at the upper part of the liquid phase is again guided to the circulation pump through the circulation passage for the cooling medium. On the other hand, cold water that has partially frozen
It sinks between the floating ice and is led again to the circulation pump via the circulation path for the liquid to be cooled. When the ice is thawed, the newly added evaporator functions as a condenser, and the condensed refrigerant of the refrigerator is pressurized by the refrigerant pump and sent out to the indoor unit.

[0016]

The details of the present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows the basic principle according to the present invention. Two kinds of liquid consisting of a liquid to be cooled 13 and a cooling medium 14 are used in a vapor phase space having a pressure higher than the vapor pressure of the cooling medium 14. 5 directly contact each other in a thin film state to obtain the cooling medium.
The heat exchange is performed while 14 is left in the non-evaporated state. Figure 1
As shown in, the liquid to be cooled 13 is jetted from the jet port 17 provided in the jetting device 15. Then, the injected cooled liquid 13
Forms a thin film portion 18, gradually thins away from the injection port 17, and finally changes to a mist portion 19 due to the relationship between the injection speed and the surface tension at a certain point. And
The cooling medium 14 jetted from the jet port 24 provided in one jetting device 23 is brought into contact with the thin film portion 18, and the cooling medium 14
In the non-evaporated state, that is, by performing heat exchange in the liquid state, a part of the liquid to be cooled 13 is iced, and the ice making efficiency can be improved. This can be realized by setting the vapor phase space at a pressure higher than the vapor pressure of the cooling medium 14.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a state in which the liquid to be cooled 13 is jetted from the jet port 17. And the injection port 17 of the present invention is formed in an arc shape, spreads into a smooth thin film due to the relationship between the injection speed and the surface tension, and a thin film portion having a uniform thickness on the same radius or at the same distance from the injection port 17
18 is formed, and at some point, the mist portion 19 is finally changed due to the relationship between the injection speed and the surface tension. Further, a plurality of arc-shaped injection ports 17 can be provided at equal intervals, but it is also possible to employ not only arc-shaped injection ports 17 but also cut out the entire circumference for injection. Furthermore, the thickness of the thin film can be freely changed by attaching a packing or the like to the injection port 17 as needed. It should be noted that forming the injection port 17 not only in an arc shape but also in a linear shape, a curved shape or the like does not pose any particular problem.

Based on the idea of the basic principle as described above, the present inventor has earnestly studied and developed the ice heat storage device described below.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the ice heat storage device of the present invention, which is an indoor unit 27 of a building.
An ice making storage tank unit A is connected to a refrigerator B (commonly called an air cooling chiller, a water cooling chiller, a brunch chiller, a chilling unit, etc.) of a type in which cold water is circulated to a (fan coil unit). . And
In order to perform the ice making operation using this device, first, the circulation pump 2 for the liquid to be cooled is provided in the middle of the circulation path 22 for the liquid to be cooled which is derived from the liquid phase of the liquid to be cooled 13 in the ice making storage tank 1. A heat exchanger 11 is provided, and the liquid to be cooled 13 is supplied to the injection nozzle 16 set in the vapor phase space 5 in the ice making storage tank 1. On the other hand, the cooling medium circulation pump 10 is provided in the middle of the cooling medium circulation path 8 derived from the liquid phase of the cooling medium 14 sinking at the bottom of the ice making storage tank 1.
Etc., and then a refrigerator B comprising an evaporator 9, a compressor 3, a condenser 4, a pressure reducing valve 7 and the like is connected via the evaporator 9, and the cooling medium 14 is put in a vapor phase in the ice making storage tank 1. It is supplied to the injection nozzle 16 set in the space 5. The “ice-making storage tank” described in the specification is an integrated type shown in FIG. 3, and when the ice-making tank and the ice-storage tank are separately installed with a large machine, further, the ice-making tank is placed above the ice-storage tank. This is a concept including the case where they are installed integrally.

Then, the cooling medium 14 and the liquid to be cooled 13 are individually sprayed as shown in FIG. 1, and the pressure inside the ice making storage tank 1 is much higher than the vapor pressure of the cooling medium 14. The first direct contact is made in the gas phase space 5. Therefore, by adopting such a contact method, the cooling medium 14 itself does not evaporate and performs heat exchange with the liquid as it is, and a part of the liquid to be cooled 13 is iced under the atmospheric pressure.
Is generated. The contact angle is the liquid to be cooled.
It is desirable that at least an acute angle is formed with respect to the thin film surface of 13, and further, if the angle is reduced to a state in which the cooling medium 14 is along the thin film surface of the liquid to be cooled 13, the cooling medium 14 can be more completely. Comes into contact with the liquid to be cooled 13, and the heat exchange performance is dramatically improved. Further, since the cooling medium 14 does not evaporate and no refrigerant gas is generated, the formation of the thin film is not adversely affected. Therefore, there is no problem even if a plurality of injection nozzles 16 are overlapped as shown in FIG. The cooling medium 14 used in the ice making storage tank unit A of the present invention does not solidify even at −10 ° C. and has a specific gravity larger than that of water as shown in FIG. , Fluorocarbon, etc. are suitable. On the other hand, the cooling medium 28 circulated in the refrigerator B is R22 or the like. That is, the cooling medium 14 for ice making and the cooling medium 28 of the refrigerator B are not in direct contact with each other, but heat is indirectly exchanged via the evaporator 9 of the refrigerator B. In the present invention, it is possible to use, as the cooling medium 14, one having a specific gravity lighter than that of water.

With the above-described method, the cold heat stored in the ice making by using cheap nighttime electric power at night is used for cooling each room in the building as follows. The cold heat of the liquid to be cooled 13 is
As shown in FIG. 3, it is transmitted to each room by the circulating water in the building flowing through the cold water supply pipe 29 to the inside of the building through the heat exchanger 11, and is supplied to the indoor cooling by the fan coil unit 27. On the other hand, the liquid to be cooled 14 heated in the heat exchanger 11
Is sprayed on the sherbet-shaped ice 6 accumulated through the jet nozzle 16, cooled by melting the ice 6, and accumulated at the bottom of the ice making storage tank 1. As described above, the defrosting operation is possible even when the refrigerator B is stopped,
It is of course possible to drive the cars at the same time. In FIG. 3, the flow in the case of thawing is shown by the two-dot chain line arrow, but the flow of cold water at this time is made by switching both switching valves 31, 31.

Further, in FIG. 3, the refrigerator B is operated during the thawing operation.
When operating at the same time, it is a serial system that cools the circulating water in the building in series. The circulating water in the building passing through the inlet / outlet part 30 shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3 has a little more than 1/2 of the amount of heat input / output thereof, which is first cooled by the refrigerator B, and then 1 / A little less than 2 is chilled. That is, the cold heat output of ice making and ice storage by night operation and the cold heat amount during daytime operation make it possible to output a cold heat of slightly less than twice the original capacity of the refrigerator B. As described above, this is an explanatory diagram in the case of increasing the temperature difference of the circulating water in the building. On the other hand, a system of increasing the amount of circulating water by connecting the cold heat of the refrigerator B and the cold heat of the ice storage in parallel so that the temperature difference is 5 ° C. as in the normal case can be taken.

Further, in the case of the above-mentioned series system, the heat exchanger 11 is not installed, and the liquid to be cooled 13 is a pipe for supplying cold water into the building.
It is also possible to share it with circulating water in the building through 29. The temperature of circulating water in the building to the fan coil unit 27 is normally set to 7 ° C at the inlet and 12 ° C at the outlet. In this case, the liquid to be cooled 13 whose lower limit is 0 ° C is supplied to the fan coil unit 27. Therefore, the cooling output of the fan coil unit 27 can be increased. However, in this case, since the cooling medium 14 comes into direct contact with the circulating water in the building, a harmless cooling medium is required. Although the above-described defrosting operation has been described in the case where the ice making tank and the ice storage tank are integrated in Fig. 3, the ice making tank and the ice storage tank are separated even in a large machine in which it is preferable to separate the ice making tank and the ice storage tank. The basic system is the same, except for the slurry pump, the defrosting spray structure, etc. which are necessary for the operation.

One of the objects of the present application is to connect the ice-making ice storage tank unit A to a mass-produced low-cost non-heat storage commercial standard type or an existing refrigerator B as shown in FIG. It was to be able to manufacture a dynamic ice heat storage device that makes good sherbet ice at a low price. The refrigerator B of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is of a type in which cold water is circulated to the fan coil unit 27 in the building,
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, there is also a refrigerator D of a type in which the refrigerant of the refrigerator D is circulated into the building (generally called a multi air conditioning system for buildings). This refrigerator D comprises an outdoor unit 35 having a compressor and a condenser built-in, and a plurality of indoor units 36 having an evaporator built-in. The ice making storage tank unit C of the present application is also connected to the refrigerator D. It is possible. However, the ice-making storage tank unit C in the embodiment of FIG. 4 includes an evaporator 32 installed separately from the refrigerator D and a refrigerant pump 34 for pressurizing R22 or the like as a cooling medium 37 of the refrigerator D. Has been. The evaporator 32 functions as an evaporator during ice making, and the system at this time is basically the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. Next, at the time of thawing, the evaporator 32 functions as a condenser, and the condensed cooling medium 37 of the evaporator 32 of the refrigerator D is transferred to the refrigerant pump 34.
The pressure is increased by and is sent to the indoor unit 36. Therefore, during this deicing operation, the compressor can be stopped. That is, the evaporator of the indoor unit 36 is used for cooling, and part or all of the gasified cooling medium 37 is cooled and condensed by the condenser (evaporator 32), whereby the cold heat accumulated at night is taken out,
Then, the cooling medium pump 37 delivers the liquid cooling medium 37 to the indoor unit 36.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the above-mentioned injection nozzle 16 is specifically used in the ice heat storage device according to the present invention, and is installed on the flange 20 provided in the ice making storage tank 1. FIG. First, the liquid-to-be-cooled 13 sent from the circulation passage 22 for the liquid-to-be-cooled is jetted from an injection port 17a for the liquid-to-be-cooled formed in the tip end portion as shown in the drawing. The cooling medium 14 sent from the cooling medium circulation path 8
Is also injected from the cooling medium injection port 17b formed at the tip. Further, as shown in the figure, as will be described later, the fuel is injected from the entire circumference, but it may be divided into several places. Further, in order to improve the heat exchange performance, it is sufficient that the floating time in the gas phase space 5 is long as much as possible, so that it is optimal to inject the spray angle horizontally or upward as shown in the drawing. On the other hand, since it is preferable to sprinkle the whole inside of the ice making storage tank 1 at the time of ice making and thawing, it is necessary to appropriately change the jet speed or the jet angle of the liquid to be cooled 13 jetted from the jet 17a for the liquid to be cooled. You can
Further, the cooling medium 14 sent by the cooling medium circulation path 8 is jetted from the cooling medium jet port 17b toward the thin film portion 18 of the liquid to be cooled 13 as shown in the figure, and brought into contact therewith. By doing so, more complete contact can be obtained and the heat exchange performance is dramatically improved. In addition, not only the above so that it can be sprayed throughout the ice making storage tank 1,
The lower end 33 of the jet nozzle 16 can be made to have a spray structure for melting ice.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged half cross-sectional view of the injection nozzle 16, in which the liquid to be cooled 13 is horizontally ejected at a thickness of about 1 to 5 mm at the liquid ejection port 17a for the liquid to be cooled, while the cooling medium 14 is to be ejected. It is suitable that the cooling liquid 13 is jetted toward the thin film portion 18 at the cooling medium jet port 17b with the same or several times as thick as the liquid to be cooled 13. Since the cooling medium 14 exchanges heat in the non-evaporated state, no gas is generated and the film formation is not hindered. Then, the liquid to be cooled 13 is frozen by the sensible heat of the cooling medium 14, while the temperature of the cooling medium 14 rises and approaches 0 ° C. Therefore, the injection amount of the cooling medium 14 is much larger than that in the direct contact method using the refrigerant (the cooling medium of the refrigerator) that cools the other party by evaporating.

FIG. 7 is a simplified explanatory view seen from the upper portion of the ice making storage tank 1, in which the cooling medium 14 and the liquid to be cooled 13 are sprayed over the entire circumference of the ice making storage tank 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, an injection method may be considered in which the liquid to be cooled 13 is sandwiched between the cooling media 14 and 14 from above and below to form a three-layer liquid film. In this method, the sprayed thickness of the cooling medium 14 is halved compared with the case of one layer, and a double liquid-liquid contact area can be obtained. And what is shown in FIG. 5 is an exemplification, and is shown as a unit injection nozzle 16. However, when it is used in a large machine, a plurality of injection nozzles 16 are superposed as shown in FIGS. It is suitable to have multiple stages. Further, it is possible to separate the ice making tank and the ice storage tank, and a high-efficiency, large-capacity large-sized ice heat storage device is realized. In addition, although a separate type requires a slurry pump etc.,
Except what is necessary for separation, it is the same as the explanatory view shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Here, the large machine described in the present application is, for example, 100,000 kcal / h in terms of heat quantity.
r or more. In the integrated ice-making storage tank, the sprayed cooling medium 14 must pass through the ice layer and the water layer and settle to the lowest layer, but if the amount of ice generated increases, the cooling medium 14 will settle during that period. However, it will be in a state in which it adheres to the ice pieces or gets on the ice pieces, and the amount is wasted. Therefore, although not shown, it is possible to provide a jammer plate or the like on the upper portion of the ice storage unit to roughly separate ice, cold water and the refrigerant, and to provide a flow path for guiding the refrigerant to the bottom. Furthermore, a structure is also possible in which most of ice, cold water, and the refrigerant are first introduced to the bottom of the ice storage section, and then the water and the refrigerant are separated from each other and the ice is raised into the water layer.
That is, even if the ice-making storage tank is integrated, it is more practical to have a role-sharing structure in which the upper portion is the ice-making tank and the lower portion is the ice-storage tank.

9 and 10 show the injection nozzle 16 of the present invention.
2 shows the result of polymerization in two stages. By doubling the number of stages and halving the liquid film thickness, the contact heat transfer area between the liquid to be cooled 13 and the cooling medium 14 is doubled even at the same injection flow rate. You can do it. And the design method of superposing such injection nozzles 16 in multiple stages is particularly effective for the liquid to be cooled 13 and the cooling medium 14.
It has a high utility value in a large ice heat storage device having a large circulation flow rate or capacity. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AB of FIG. 9 described above, showing the injection ports 17a, 17
It is obvious that the cooling medium 14 and the liquid to be cooled 13 are formed so as to be jetted from b. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the interior of the injection nozzle 16 is divided into a passage 25 for a liquid to be cooled and a passage 26 for a cooling medium. Then, the liquid to be cooled 13 flows into the passage 25 for liquid to be cooled, and the liquid to be cooled 13 enters into the lead-out holes 17c for liquid to be cooled provided in each stage and is ejected from the jet port 17a for liquid to be cooled. Of. On the other hand, the cooling medium 14 flows into the cooling medium passage 26, the cooling medium 14 enters the cooling medium outlet holes 17d provided at each stage, and is jetted from the cooling medium jet port 17b. Further, the liquid to be cooled 13 or the cooling medium 14 which has flowed into both the outlet holes 17c and 17d so that the thin film state is uniform over the entire circumference at the time of jetting is not directly jetted from the jet ports 17a and 17b, but is shown in the figure. As described above, the annular buffer 17e for the liquid to be cooled and the annular buffer 17f for the cooling medium are provided and once stored, they are injected. Furthermore, the unit injection nozzle blocks 16a and 16b can be stacked in multiple stages with packing 17g interposed. Further, it is suitable that the partition plate 21 provided between the cooled liquid passage 25 and the cooling medium passage 26 has a heat insulating structure. By doing so, the cooling heat of the cooling medium 14 flowing through the cooling medium passage 26 partially ices the liquid to be cooled 13 flowing through the liquid passage 25 for cooling, and the side wall of the partition plate 21. It is to prevent the adhesion and growth on the surface. Of course, the unit injection nozzle block 16a,
It goes without saying that 16b is also suitable to have a heat insulating structure.

By further developing the technical idea, not only the ice making storage tank integrated type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 but also the injection nozzle 16 is provided with a plurality of injection ports 17a and 17b as shown in FIG. It is also possible to pipe an ice extraction pipe 12 for taking out the generated ice 6 together with cold water 13 into an ice-making tank as a whole, and to separately install the ice-storage tank. The device is realized. Although the separation type requires a slurry pump and the like, it is the same as the explanatory views shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 except for those necessary for separation.
Here, the large-scale machine described in the present application is intended for, for example, 100,000 kcal / hr or more in terms of heat quantity. In the conventional ice heat storage device, 10,000 kcal / hr
If it is below, it is possible to use it, but it is impossible to construct the above-mentioned large-sized machine, and it is extremely impractical.

[0031]

As is clear from the above description, the following effects are exhibited. The cooling medium and the liquid to be cooled are directly contacted in a vapor phase space in a thin film state reliably and uniformly with a sufficient contact area, and moreover, a plurality of injection nozzles are provided to make heat transfer as much as necessary. Since the area can be increased, the ice making efficiency is significantly improved, and the heat exchange performance is dramatically improved. And since the final temperature difference can be made extremely close, this makes it possible to raise the evaporation temperature of the connected refrigerator, improve the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator, and at the same time increase the heat transfer area to some extent. However, the container does not grow large. In addition, it is possible to reliably control from small machines to large machines with a consistent design method, and it is possible to design the ice making tank of large machines in a small size.

The ice heat storage device according to the present invention is provided with an ice making storage tank unit and is connected to a commercially available, general-purpose or existing refrigerator whose cost is reduced by mass production, so that the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, especially for existing connections, it is possible to significantly increase the cooling capacity by connecting this ice making ice storage tank unit separately without installing any new auxiliary equipment, which is extremely useful from the viewpoint of cost and workability. In addition to being a simple device, inexpensive night power can be used.

Further, even if the capacity of the existing refrigerator is necessary and sufficient for the cooling load, the capacity is significantly improved by connecting the ice making ice storage tank unit. If accumulated, it is possible to stop the refrigerator in the daytime by the amount of cooling capacity that can be afforded, the running cost can be significantly reduced, and it is possible to contribute to the leveling of electric power.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified explanatory diagram showing the basic principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the liquid to be cooled is jetted from the jet port of the jet nozzle.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an ice heat storage device of a type that circulates cold water in a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an ice heat storage device of a type in which a refrigerant is circulated in a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a simplified explanatory view showing an injection nozzle used in the apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an injection port of an injection nozzle used in the device.

FIG. 7 is a simplified explanatory view of the ice making storage tank as viewed from above.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing another injection method.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the injection nozzles are stacked in two stages.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AB of FIG. 9 viewed from the top.

FIG. 11 is a simplified explanatory view showing a large ice heat storage device provided with a plurality of injection ports.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional ice heat storage device.

[Explanation of symbols]

A, C Ice making storage tank unit B, D Refrigerator 1 Ice making storage tank 2 Circulating pump for liquid to be cooled 3 Compressor 4 Condenser 5 Gas phase space 6 Ice 7 Pressure reducing valve 8 Cooling medium circulation path 9 Evaporator 10 Cooling medium Circulation pump 11 Heat exchanger 12 Ice removal pipe 13 Liquid to be cooled 14 Cooling medium 15 Injection device 16 Injection nozzle 16a Unit injection nozzle block 16b Unit injection nozzle block 17 Injection port 17a Cooled liquid injection port 17b Cooling medium injection port 17c Cooling liquid outlet 17d Cooling medium outlet 17e Cooling liquid annular buffer 17f Cooling medium annular buffer 17g Packing 18 Thin film part 19 Mist part 20 Flange 21 Partition plate 22 Coolant circulating circuit 23 Injector 24 Injection port 25 Passage passage for liquid to be cooled 26 Passage passage for cooling medium 27 Fan coil unit 28 Cooling medium 29 Cooling water supply pipe 30 Inlet / outlet portion 31 Switching valve 32 Evaporator 33 Lower end 34 Refrigerant pump 35 Outdoor unit 36 Internal mechanism 37 cooling medium 101 refrigerant 102 refrigerant retriever 103 coolant supply unit 104 supplying nozzle 105 Water 106 Water 107 ice 108 ice mixed layer

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for directly exchanging heat between two types of liquids including a liquid to be cooled and a cooling medium in a vapor phase space in a thin film state, and performing heat exchange while the cooling medium remains in a non-evaporated state. Heat exchange method. 2. An injection nozzle for individually injecting a liquid to be cooled and a cooling medium is set in a vapor phase space in an ice making storage tank, and a liquid to be cooled is injected from an injection port for the liquid to be cooled provided at an appropriate position of the injection nozzle. The cooling liquid is sprayed in a thin film state, while the cooling medium is directly contacted in a thin film state from the cooling medium jet port to the thin film surface of the liquid to be cooled, and the heat exchange is performed while the cooling medium is in a non-evaporated state. The method for making ice is characterized in that a part of the liquid to be cooled is iced. 3. An ice making storage tank, a cooling liquid injection port for individually injecting a liquid to be cooled and a cooling medium and a cooling medium injection port are provided, and cooling is performed from the cooling liquid injection port. The liquid is jetted in a thin film state, while the cooling medium is directly contacted in a thin film state from the cooling medium jet port to the thin film surface of the liquid to be cooled and set in the vapor phase space in the ice making storage tank. An injection nozzle, a circulation pump for the liquid to be cooled, which supplies the liquid to be cooled to the injection nozzle, and is provided with a circulation pump in the middle of the liquid phase of the liquid to be cooled in the ice making storage tank; The cooling medium sunk in the bottom of the ice storage tank or the cooling medium floating in the upper portion of the liquid phase is led out from the liquid phase, and a refrigerator comprising an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a pressure reducing valve is installed in the middle of the evaporator. And a cooling medium circulation circuit for supplying the cooling medium to the injection nozzle. An ice heat storage device comprising: a circuit. 4. An ice making storage tank, a cooling liquid injection port for individually injecting a liquid to be cooled and a cooling medium and a cooling medium injection port are provided, and cooling is performed from the cooling liquid injection port. The liquid is jetted in a thin film state, while the cooling medium is directly contacted in a thin film state from the cooling medium jet port to the thin film surface of the liquid to be cooled and set in the vapor phase space in the ice making storage tank. An injection nozzle, a circulation pump for the liquid to be cooled, which supplies the liquid to be cooled to the injection nozzle, and is provided with a circulation pump in the middle of the liquid phase of the liquid to be cooled in the ice making storage tank; From the cooling medium sunk in the bottom of the ice storage tank or the cooling medium floating above the liquid phase in the liquid phase, an outdoor unit with a built-in compressor and condenser, and multiple indoor units with a built-in evaporator The refrigerator is connected via the newly added evaporator, and the cooling medium An ice heat storage device, comprising: a cooling medium circuit for supplying a body to the injection nozzle.