JP2709485B2 - Direct contact cooling system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a direct contact for obtaining a load cooling source (hereinafter, referred to as a slurry liquid) which has been slurried while a water or other brine liquid is in direct contact with a refrigerant liquid. More particularly, the present invention relates to a direct contact cooling device having a regenerator for storing a slurry liquid.

"Prior art" Conventionally, a regenerator is interposed between a refrigeration cycle and a load energy cycle in order to smooth the power load and prevent the temperature fluctuation of the load cooling source. After storing a load cooling source in the cool storage tank by doing, a cold energy storage system that produces a cooling cooling water by circulating a load energy cycle using the load cooling source during daytime demand time. In this type of regenerative heat storage system, a refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle is brought into contact with water or other brine circulating in a load energy cycle via a heat exchanger to produce the load cooling source. For example, there are an indirect contact method such as an ice bank, and a direct contact method in which the refrigerant and the brine are in direct contact with each other, but the latter requires no heat exchanger as compared with the former. Since the miniaturization is achieved, there is no heat loss lost to the heat exchanger etc., so the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant can be set to be the same as the freezing temperature of the brine, and the compressor can be reduced accordingly and the compression power is greatly reduced In recent years, the brine has been rapidly attracting attention because of its merits such as being iced in a sherbet (slurry) state, and having an advantage that it can be easily taken out as a load cooling source.

And there are various such direct contact type cooling devices, most of which are in the liquid phase of a regenerator that contains brine.
Specifically, a nozzle is arranged near the bottom side of the regenerator, and the coolant is ejected from the nozzle, thereby utilizing the heat of evaporation of the coolant to remove heat from the brine and form a slurry-like ice crystal. At the very least, it is to be produced as a load cooling source by successively floating production on the brine liquid phase. (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-272539
However, in such a device, ice-crystallized slurry-like ice is constantly floating and deposited on the upper surface of the liquid phase. Since the ice condenses and solidifies to seal the liquid phase, the refrigerant deprived of heat in the liquid phase is less likely to evaporate, resulting in a shortage of refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle and stable operation. Refrigeration capacity will be impaired.

In addition, in the above-described apparatus, it is assumed that the nozzle opening is always present in the liquid phase. Therefore, not only is the amount of ice produced restricted, but also because the nozzle is present in the liquid phase, The opening may be blocked by ice.

Further, in the above-described apparatus, supercooling occurs around the nozzle and the ice layer above the nozzle where contact with the jetted refrigerant is frequently performed, and not only ice generation is not uniform, but also a temperature difference easily occurs in the cold storage layer.

In order to solve such a drawback, heated refrigerant gas in the condensing process is ejected so as to surround the tip of the nozzle so as to prevent the nozzle opening from being blocked, or the nozzle is disposed in a cylinder that opens up and down the regenerator. A technology that positively generates a convection phenomenon to promote the evaporation of the refrigerant and to equalize the cold storage temperature by ejecting the refrigerant upward in the cylindrical body (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 61) -295442, JP-A-62-268973
No.) is disclosed, but it is impossible to eliminate all the disadvantages of the prior art because there is no change in the basic configuration of performing heat exchange by ejecting a refrigerant in the liquid phase, In particular, there are secondary disadvantages such as a decrease in refrigeration capacity and an increase in the complexity of the apparatus.

The present invention completely eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art and provides a direct contact cooling device which is extremely preferable in terms of heat exchange efficiency and operation efficiency while ensuring smooth contact between the brine and the refrigerant. Aim.

"Means for Solving the Problems" In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is to cool the brine until it is crystallized while directly contacting the refrigerant liquid with water or other brine, and to cool the brine from the brine. In a closed space that functions as both a production tank and a cold storage tank for
An injection zone for injecting brine and the refrigerant liquid individually or in a state of being mixed in advance, a heat exchange zone for directly exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the brine, and a cooling source generated in the heat exchange zone as a slurry. And the cold storage areas to be stored in the form of a heat exchange area below the injection area, and the cold storage area below the injection area, and that each of the areas is formed sequentially downward from above. A direct contact cooling device as a first gist is proposed.

In this case, the injection zone is, as described in claim 1),
For example, by arranging a nozzle group that injects a coolant liquid below a nozzle group that injects brine, it is possible to prevent clogging of the nozzle group that injects brine due to freezing.

In the injection zone, the refrigerant liquid and the brine are mixed by an ejector, and the refrigerant liquid having heat of condensation is cooled by the brine, and the temperature of the brine is set to 0 ° C. in the ejector. It is possible to smoothly guide the two liquids in the atomized state to the injection region while increasing the temperature as described above. As a result, it is possible to prevent the nozzles of the refrigerant liquid from clogging and significantly improve the thermal efficiency.

In addition, the heat exchange area is formed by accumulating a large number of fillers having a shape capable of contacting the refrigerant and the brine on the surface as shown in FIG. 3, for example. In this case, a substance having a surface active effect may be mixed in the brine as described in claim 4) in order to promote the separation of the brine frozen on the filler. As described in Item 5), the surface of the filler may be coated with a low friction resistance film.

Incidentally, the brine is not limited to water alone, and it is also possible to use a saline solution or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol.

Further, the heat exchange area is not provided in a closed space functioning as both a cooling source generation tank and a cold storage tank, and the refrigerant liquid and the brine are mixed by an ejector as shown in, for example, FIG. A mixing means for mixing the mixed fluid with the mixing means to thermally lower the refrigerant liquid to near the freezing temperature of the brine while thermally contacting the mixed fluid by mixing;
18 and the mixing means 18
Is connected to the injection means 32 arranged in the regenerator 3, and the mixed fluid heat-exchanged by the mixing means 18 is injected into the injection means 32.
Thus, a cooling source that has been crystallized while being sprayed below the closed space 3 may be generated, and then the cooling source may be stored in the cold storage area 3C below the closed space 3.

According to the technical means described in claims 1) to 5), instead of arranging the nozzle in the frozen brine storage area as in the related art, the injection area in which the nozzle is arranged and After the cooling liquid is cooled down, the cooling liquid is injected into the space above the heat exchange area from a nozzle provided separately with the cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid is cooled by an ejector. To prevent the nozzle from clogging, because the refrigerant exchanges heat with the refrigerant liquid in the heat exchange section filled with the filler to freeze the water and store it in the form of slurry in the cold storage area below it As a result, a stable liquid supply can be performed, and the difference between the refrigerant evaporation temperature and the crystallization temperature can be reduced.

Further, ice crystallized ice generated in the heat exchange area always falls to the cold storage area below, so that the refrigerant deprived of heat in the heat exchange area does not hinder any evaporation, and as a result, the refrigeration cycle A stable operation can be performed for a long time without causing a shortage of the refrigerant circulating therein, and the refrigeration capacity is not hindered.

Further, according to the present technical means, since only the slurry crystallized in the heat exchange region falls to the cool storage region below, there is little possibility that a temperature difference occurs in the cool storage region.

Further, according to the technical means described in claim 6, before being introduced into the injection means 32 in advance, the mixing fluid is heat-exchanged by the mixing means 18, and the mixed fluid whose temperature has dropped substantially to near the ice crystal point is injected by the injection means 32. In order to do this, ice crystallization is easy even without providing a heat exchange area consisting of a filler accumulation layer below it,
And the same effect as the technical means can be achieved.

According to this invention, the mixed liquid of the brie and the refrigerant liquid, which have been mixed by the ejector 17 in advance, is further mixed with mixing means.
Injecting means 32 in which the mixed liquid is disposed in the regenerator 3 in order to exchange heat with 18 and to lower the temperature of the refrigerant liquid to approximately the freezing temperature.
In the case of jetting more, the heat of the brine jetted from above is more effectively removed, and substantially the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained without providing the heat exchange region 3B.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be illustratively described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto, but are merely illustrative examples. It's just

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a cold storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is a refrigeration cycle, 2 is a load cycle, and a cooling source generation tank and a cold storage tank (hereinafter, cold storage tank) which also functions as an evaporator between both cycles. A tank 3) is interposed.

The refrigeration cycle 1 includes a motor in a circulation path of a refrigerant composed of octafluorotacyclobutane (C318), as is well known.
Oil-free type screw compressor connected to 11
12, a condenser 13, a receiver 14, an expansion valve 15, and a regenerator 3 functioning as an evaporator are provided. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 12 is condensed through the condenser 13 and the receiver 14. After being liquefied,
After being deprived and evaporated by heat exchange with brine (water) in the cold storage tank 3 via the expansion valve 15, the heat is returned to the suction side of the compressor 12 again, and such a cycle is repeated. .

Next, the internal configuration of the cold storage tank 3 will be described in detail.

The cool storage tank 3 is formed of a vertical large-diameter cylindrical container, and a brine ejection nozzle pipe 31 connected to a brine circulation pipe 41 and a refrigerant ejection nozzle connected to the expansion valve 15 discharge side below the pipe 31 at a position above the internal space. Tubes 32 are provided, and each of them extends in the horizontal direction with the injection port directed downward, so that the injection area 3A
To form

Filling material is located at approximately the center of the regenerator below the injection zone 3A.
A heat exchange area 3B formed by accumulating 33 is formed, and a cold storage area 3C for storing brine ice crystals on the sherbet generated in the heat exchange area 3B is formed below the heat exchange area 3B.

The heat exchange zone 3B is made of, for example, a cylindrical filler formed by winding a thin aluminum plate having a rectangular waveform as shown in FIG. 3 (a).
33a, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), a filler 33b formed by knitting a string-shaped plastic into a cage shape, and, if necessary, coating the surface of these fillers 33a, 32b with a Teflon (trade name) film or the like. The heat exchange region 3B is formed by stacking and disposing the fillers 33 formed in a multi-stage manner.

The cold storage region 3C has a discharge pipe 22 for guiding the slurry liquid to a heat exchanger 21 provided in the middle of the load cycle 2 via a pump 20 on the bottom mirror portion thereof, and circulates at the bottom end of the cold storage region 3C. Pump 23
Are connected to the bypass pipes 24 connected to the brine circulation pipes 41 through the respective pipes.

Next, an operation centering on the cold storage tank 3 based on such a configuration will be described.

First, the brine liquid jetted from the brine jet nozzle pipe 31 into the regenerator 3 contacts the mist-like refrigerant liquid jetted from the refrigerant nozzle pipe 32 below, and the surface of the filler 33 in the heat exchange area 3B. Reach

Then, the two liquids gradually fall downward along the surface of the filler material 33 in the heat exchange area 3B, while absorbing the latent heat of evaporation from the refrigerant liquid to promote the ice crystallization of the brine, and then the heat is removed. The refrigerant vapor is returned to the compressor 12 through the return pipe 16 from the upper end opening of the tank.

On the other hand, the brine that has been cooled and crystallized by the latent heat of evaporation drops off the surface of the filler 33 and falls into the cold storage region 3C, where it is stored and stored as a slurry liquid in the cold storage region 3C.

Then, the stored slurry liquid is led to the heat exchanger 21 on the load cycle side via the pump 20, is supplied with a cooler or other load cooling, is heated, and then is returned to the brine nozzle pipe 31 via the circulation pipe 41. He repeats the same operation as above. In this case, the brine liquefied in the cool storage area 3C via the bypass pipe 34 is guided again to the brine nozzle pipe 31, and pre-cooling is performed while mixing with the heated brine.

According to this embodiment, the operation of the present invention described above can be smoothly achieved.

FIG. 2 shows a modification of the above-described embodiment using an ejector 17 in place of the expansion valve 15. The refrigerant liquid still retaining the heat of condensation is liquefied in the cool storage area in the ejector 17 and has a temperature substantially equal to the freezing temperature. The nozzle tube 32 can be injected into the regenerator 3 while mixing the brine and the refrigerant liquid.

According to this embodiment, since the mixing is performed by the ejector 17 in advance, the cooling effect in the regenerator is greatly improved, and the nozzle is sprayed from the nozzle tube 32 in a state of being mixed in an atomized state. Freezing at the 32 openings is also prevented.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment in which the heat exchange area 3B is omitted.
The ejector 17 and the static mixer 18 are arranged in series between 14 and the nozzle pipe 32, and the brine liquefied in the cold storage area 3C is guided to the ejector 17 via the bypass pipe 34, and the refrigerant liquid that still retains the condensation heat In the ejector 17, while mixing with brine having a temperature substantially equal to the freezing temperature, while preliminarily exchanging heat with the static mixer 18 provided on the discharge side thereof and keeping the temperature of both liquids constant, from the nozzle tube 32 It is configured so that it can be injected into the cold storage tank 3.

According to this embodiment, the mixed liquid of the brine and the refrigerant liquid that has been mixed in the ejector 17 in advance is further subjected to heat exchange by the static mixer 18 to lower the refrigerant liquid to near the freezing temperature. Is ejected from the nozzle tube 32, the heat of the brine ejected from above is more effectively removed, and substantially the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained without providing the heat exchange area 3B. .

The refrigerant C318 used in the present invention is a refrigerant used as a substitute for R114 and is designated as a U.S. food additive, so there is no danger of causing environmental pollution, and a clathrate (refrigerant) such as R12 or R22 is used. Is preferably included without the inclusion of ice.

The refrigerant includes a fatty acid ester-based surfactant, propylene glycol. It is preferable to mix ethylene glycol and the like.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a direct contact cooling device that is extremely preferable in terms of heat exchange efficiency and operation efficiency while ensuring smooth contact between the brine and the refrigerant. In particular, since the injection area where the nozzle is arranged, the heat exchange area for exchanging heat between the brine and the refrigerant, and the cold storage area are vertically arranged in a closed space that functions as a cold storage tank, In addition to preventing blockage, stable operation can be performed for a long period of time, and there is no hindrance to the refrigeration capacity.

And so on.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 are flow sheet diagrams showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flow sheet diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are schematic views showing the shape of a filler forming a heat exchange area in the regenerator of the first embodiment.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasunobu Omori 3-3 Shimajiri, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba Shintoyoso (56) References JP-A-61-147075 (JP, A) JP-A-60-126530 (JP, A)

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A direct contact type cooling device for cooling a brine to be crystallized while bringing a coolant liquid into direct contact with water or other brine to generate a cooling source crystallized from the brine. An injection zone in which the brine and the refrigerant liquid are injected individually or in a state of being mixed in advance in a closed space functioning as a source generation tank and a regenerator, and heat for directly exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the brine. An exchange region and a cool storage region for storing a cooling source generated in the heat exchange region in a slurry form are sequentially formed from above, and the injection region injects the refrigerant liquid below a group of nozzles that injects brine. Direct contact cooling device characterized by being an injection area formed by disposing nozzle groups 2. A direct contact cooling device for cooling a brine until it is crystallized while bringing a coolant liquid into direct contact with water or other brine to generate a cooling source crystallized from the brine. An injection zone in which the brine and the refrigerant liquid are injected individually or in a state of being mixed in advance in a closed space functioning as a source generation tank and a regenerator, and heat for directly exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the brine. An exchange zone and a cold storage zone for storing a cooling source generated in the heat exchange zone in a slurry state are sequentially formed from above, and after mixing the refrigerant liquid and brine with an ejector on the upstream side of the injection zone. Direct contact cooling device characterized in that it is guided to the injection zone 3. A direct contact cooling device for cooling a brine until it is crystallized while bringing a coolant liquid into direct contact with water or other brine to generate a cooling source crystallized from the brine. An injection zone in which the brine and the refrigerant liquid are injected individually or in a state of being mixed in advance in a closed space functioning as a source generation tank and a regenerator, and heat for directly exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the brine. An exchange area and a cold storage area for storing a cooling source generated in the heat exchange area in a slurry form are sequentially formed from above, and the heat exchange area has a shape such that the surface of the heat exchange area can contact the refrigerant and the brine. A direct-contact cooling device characterized by being a heat exchange area formed by accumulating a large number of fillers having 4. A direct contact cooling device for cooling a brine to ice crystal while directly contacting a coolant liquid with water or other brine to generate a cooling source crystallized from the brine. An injection zone in which the brine and the refrigerant liquid are injected individually or in a state of being mixed in advance in a closed space functioning as a source generation tank and a regenerator, and heat for directly exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the brine. An exchange area and a cold storage area for storing a cooling source generated in the heat exchange area in a slurry state are sequentially formed from above, and a substance having a surface active effect is mixed in the brine. Direct contact cooling device. 5. The direct contact cooling device according to claim 3, wherein a low friction resistance film is formed on the surface of the filler. 6. A direct contact type cooling device for cooling a brine to be crystallized while bringing a refrigerant liquid into direct contact with water or other brine to generate a cooling source crystallized from the brine. Mixing means for mixing the liquid and brine by an ejector, and mixing means for lowering the temperature of the refrigerant liquid to approximately the freezing temperature of the brine while thermally contacting the mixed fluid by mixing are arranged in series. The mixed fluid subjected to heat exchange by the mixing means is sprayed into a closed space functioning as a cooling source generating tank and a cold storage tank to generate an ice crystallized cooling source, and the cooling source is stored in a cold storage area below the closed space. A direct contact cooling device characterized by the following.