JPH03138590A - Measuring instrument using ultrasonic wave - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To seerely measure the shape of the entire periphery of even an object which is uneven by providing a moving mechanism and an oscillating mechanism and arranging an ultrasonic wave transmitter receiver at an optional position and at an optional angle to the body to be measured. CONSTITUTION:The ultrasonic wave transmitter receiver 2 is moved by the moving mechanism 2 and oscillating mechanism 3 to a position at right angles to the surface of a projection part 1a of the body 1 to be measured and the distance to a point A is measured by a signal processor 6. Then when the transmitter receiver 11 is moved similarly to measure the distance to a point B on a recessed part 1b, the transmitter receiver 11 arranged at a position at right angles to the surface of the point B is shielded by the projection part 1a and the point B can not be measured. For the purpose, an ultrasonic wave is reflected at the point A whose shape is measured and known previously and the transmitter receiver 11 is moved to a position where the ultrasonic waves strikes at right angles to measure the distance to the point B and the shape. Thus, even if the body 1 to be measured has unevenness, the transmitter receiver 11 can be arranged by the mechanisms 2 and 3 on the outer periphery of the body 1 to be measured at various positions and at various angles, so the shape of the entire circumference can accurately be measured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an ultrasonic measuring device suitable for use in measuring the shape of an object to be measured having irregularities such as a gear.

[Prior Art] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional ultrasonic measuring device disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-46282. In the figure, 1" is an ultrasonic transducer, and 14 is A transmitting circuit 15 generates a transmission pulse to be applied to the ultrasonic transducer 11, and a transmitting circuit 15 is an ultrasonic transducer in which the ultrasonic pulse transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer 11 is reflected by the object to be measured (cylindrical body) 1. 1-1, a receiving circuit that performs signal processing such as amplification, detection, and smoothing of the received signal; 16, an amplitude comparison circuit that generates an output pulse when the output voltage of the receiving circuit 15 is equal to or higher than the reference voltage VT; 17 is a gate circuit, and transmitting circuit 14
A gate pulse is generated by the transmission pulse generated in the transmission pulse and the output pulse of the amplitude comparison circuit 16 based on the received signal of the ultrasonic transducer 11 to which the transmission pulse is applied.

18 is a reference frequency generation circuit that generates a reference pulse; 19
1 is a counter whose operation is controlled by applying the gate pulse of the circuit 17, and the number of reference pulses generated in the reference frequency generating circuit 18 is counted by the counter 1.
9, the period determined by the gate pulse is counted. 20 is an arithmetic circuit that calculates the count number of the reference pulse by the ultrasonic transducer 11 and the object to be measured 1.
The circumferential length of the object to be measured 1 is calculated based on the result of measuring the distance between the two. Furthermore, 31 is a ring-shaped trajectory with a radius R on the outer periphery of the object to be measured 1, and 32 is a ring-shaped trajectory of the object to be measured 1 by moving the ultrasonic transducer 11 along the trajectory 31.
This is a drive device that scans along the outer periphery of the.

Let me briefly explain the operation. The ultrasonic transducer 11 driven by a drive device 32 on a track 31 provided around the outer circumference of the object to be measured 1 emits ultrasonic waves toward the object to be measured 1, and the ultrasonic waves are reflected from the object to be measured 1. The reflected wave of the incoming ultrasonic wave is received, and the distance from the ultrasonic transducer 11 to the object to be measured 1 is calculated based on the received signal. In addition, by moving the ultrasonic transducer 11 along the track 31 by the driving device 32, the distance between the ultrasonic transducer 11 and the object to be measured 1 is measured around the entire circumference of the object to be measured 1. will be done.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Since the conventional ultrasonic measuring device is configured as described above, when the shape of the object to be measured 1 has irregularities, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted and received by the convex portion adjacent to the concave portion. There may be a blind spot where the ultrasonic waves from the device 11 cannot reach, and in such a case,
There were problems such as the inability to accurately measure the shape of the object 1 to be measured.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic measuring device that can reliably measure the shape of an object to be measured even if it is uneven.

[Means for Solving the Problems] An ultrasonic measuring device according to the present invention includes a moving mechanism that moves an ultrasonic transducer along the radial direction and circumferential direction of an object to be measured; The device is equipped with a swing mechanism that changes the angle of the device with respect to the object to be measured.

[Function] In the ultrasonic measuring device according to the present invention, - When the object to be measured has unevenness, the ultrasonic transducer can be moved in various ways by the moving mechanism and the swinging mechanism around the outer periphery of the object to be measured. position and angle, measure the shape of the convex part of the object to be measured, and for the concave part, reflect the ultrasonic wave on the measured convex part, set the ultrasonic wave to proceed to the concave part, and measure the shape of the concave part. It is something to be measured. In other words, the shape of the concave portion is determined by comprehensively calculating the distance obtained by the ultrasound reflected by the convex portion and the shape information of the convex portion measured in advance.

[Embodiments of the invention] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In Fig. 1, 1 is an object to be measured such as a gear having irregularities;
Reference numeral 2 denotes a moving mechanism having an ultrasonic transducer 11 at its tip and moving the ultrasonic transducer 11 to an arbitrary position with respect to the object to be measured 1 along the radial direction and circumferential direction of the object to be measured 1. , 3 is an oscillating mechanism provided between the tip of the moving mechanism 2 and the ultrasonic transducer 11, and arbitrarily sets the angle 4- of the ultrasonic transducer 11 with respect to the object to be measured 1; A rotation mechanism that changes the angle with respect to the ultrasonic transducer 11 by rotating the object 1 to be measured, 5 a controller for controlling the moving mechanism 2 and the swinging mechanism 3, 6 the ultrasonic transducer 11
A signal processing device that processes the transmission signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 11 and the received signal received by the ultrasonic transducer 11, and calculates and outputs the distance between the ultrasonic transducer 11 and the object to be measured 1 as measurement data. , 7 is a calculation processing device that calculates the shape of the object to be measured 1 by performing calculation processing based on the position information of the ultrasonic transducer 11 from the controller 5 and the measurement data from the signal processing device 6, and 8 is this calculation processing device. This is a display device that displays information on the shape of the object to be measured 1 calculated by the device 7.

Next, the operation of the apparatus of this embodiment will be explained.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, when measuring the shape of a gear-shaped object 1 having an uneven shape using the apparatus of this embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. , the ultrasonic transducer 11 is moved to a position perpendicular to the surface of the convex portion 1a of the object to be measured 1, and the point A of this convex portion F, a
The signal processing device 6 calculates and measures the distance between the ultrasonic transducer 11 and the ultrasonic transducer 11 . Note that since the processing in the signal processing device 6 is the same as the conventional one, detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

Similarly, while sequentially moving the ultrasonic transducer 11 using the moving mechanism 2 and the swinging mechanism 3, the point B on the recess 1b of the object to be measured 1 shown in FIG. 3 and the ultrasonic transducer 1] When measuring the distance to point B, if the ultrasonic transducer 1 is placed at a position perpendicular to point B, the ultrasonic wave will be reflected at point C due to the convex portion 1a adjacent to the four portions 1b where point B is located. , point B cannot be measured. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, point A whose shape is known due to prior measurement.
The ultrasonic wave transducer 11 is moved to a position where the ultrasonic wave is reflected from the direction perpendicular to point B, and the shape of point B is measured.

In this way, according to the apparatus of this embodiment, even when the object to be measured 1 has unevenness, the moving mechanism 2 and the swinging mechanism 3 can operate the ultrasonic transducer on the outer periphery of the object to be measured 1.
-1 at various positions and angles, and first measure the shape of the convex part ``a'' of the object to be measured 1, then by using the convex part ``a'' of the known shape reflect ultrasound,
The ultrasonic transducer 11 so that the ultrasonic wave propagates to the fourth part 1b.
By setting the position of , the shape of part 4] b can be reliably measured. That is, for the four portions 1b, the shape of the concave portion b is calculated by comprehensively calculating the distance obtained by the ultrasound reflected by the convex portion 1a and the shape information of the convex portion 1a measured in advance.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, by rotating the object 1 to be measured by the rotation mechanism 4, it is possible to measure the irregularities around the entire circumference of the object 1 to be measured.

In the above embodiment, the rotating mechanism 4 is provided to rotate the object 1 to be measured, but this may be omitted by providing the moving mechanism 2 and the swinging mechanism 3 with a large degree of freedom. In addition, in Example 12, the fourth part 1b is measured by reflecting the ultrasonic wave on the convex part 1a only once, but the same measurement data can be obtained even if the ultrasonic wave is reflected twice or more. d
It's no good.

[Core Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the ultrasonic transducer can be placed at any position and angle relative to the object to be measured using the moving mechanism and the swinging mechanism. If the object to be measured has unevenness, measure the shape of the convex part of the object in advance, and set the ultrasonic wave to reflect on the measured convex part and proceed to the concave part. , the distance obtained by the ultrasound reflected from the convex part and the previously measured fiz
The shape of the concave portion is measured by comprehensively calculating the shape information of the concave and convex portions, and there is an effect that the shape of the entire circumference can be reliably measured even in the case of an uneven measured object.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an ultrasonic measuring device as an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional ultrasonic measuring device. In the figure, 1-object to be measured, 2-moving mechanism, 3-oscillating mechanism, 6-signal processing device, 7-computation processing device, 11-ultrasonic transducer. - In the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] An ultrasonic transducer that transmits ultrasonic waves toward the center of the object to be measured and receives the ultrasonic waves reflected from the object to be measured; In an ultrasonic measuring device comprising an ultrasonic transducer and a calculation means for determining the distance between the object to be measured, the ultrasonic transducer is moved along the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the object to be measured. An ultrasonic measuring device comprising: a moving mechanism for changing the angle of the ultrasonic transducer with respect to the object to be measured;