JPH03127703A - Agent for controlling resting stage of overwintering blight of fruit tree - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an agent for controlling the resting stage of overwintering blight of fruit tree having improved sporulation preventing action and residual activity, high safety and excellent handleability by using 8-hydroxyquinoline copper as a main component and adding a specific organic acid and/or machine oil as an assistant. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent for controlling the resting stage of overwintering blight of fruit tree and having high safety can be produced by using (A) 8-hydroxyquinoline copper as a main compound and adding (B) one or more organic acids selected from oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sabacic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid and caproic acid and/or (C) machine oil preferably at a weight ratio (B/A) of about 0.3-3.0 and (C/A) of about 2.0-20.0. The combined use of the components A and B remarkably improves the sporulation preventing action, the addition of the component C promotes the residual effect and the combined use of the components A and C is effective in promoting the sporulation preventing action and enabling the simultaneous control of spider mite and scale louse of the resting stage.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel agent for controlling overwintering diseases of fruit trees during the dormant period.

Conventional Technology Diseases of fruit trees are generally controlled by spraying fungicides during the growing season of the plants. However, there are cases where dormant control agents have become common, such as leaf curl of peach, late rot of grapes, black rot, vine rot, rot of apples, anthracnose of persimmons, etc. For powdery mildew, systematic control during the dormant and growing seasons has become common. In addition, black spot, black spot, and ring spot disease of pears are
Even if you shorten the spraying interval and increase the number of spraying in years when the disease occurs, it is impossible to achieve sufficient effects by controlling the growth period alone, and controlling the spore density of pathogenic bacteria during the dormant period may be suppressed. It is desired to develop a suitable dormant spray agent.

On the other hand, in the control of red spider mites, apple spider mites, and other spider mites on fruit trees, it is important to suppress the density of mites during the dormant period, and spraying machine oil during the dormant period is becoming popular. However, there are some fruit trees, such as grapes, for which machine oil spraying is not widely used due to chemical damage.

Conventionally, pentachlorophenol (hereinafter referred to as PCP) has been effective as a dormant control agent against, for example, black spot, red leaf blight, and black leaf blight on pears, black rot on grapes, anthracnose on persimmons, and powdery mildew. known to be high. Although PCP was widely used because it was highly effective and inexpensive, its production was discontinued due to technical problems in 1981, and since then, the renewal of agricultural chemical registration has been postponed, so it is no longer used in practice. There is a desire to develop an inexpensive pest control agent that is not used and exhibits an effect equal to or greater than that of PCP.

In addition, lime sulfur mixture, organic sulfur agent,
8-Hydroxyquinoline copper agents, organic arsenic agents for grape bloat, benomyl agents, thiophanate methyl agents, 8-hydroxyquinoline copper agents, lime-sulfur compounds for grape smut, vine rot, and apple rot. Lime-sulfur mixtures are used as dormant control agents for persimmon anthracnose and powdery mildew, but there is a desire to develop more effective control agents.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention aims to solve the problem of the three major diseases of pears, Alternari
aalternata), Venturia
nashicola), Physalos
It is a drug that has a high spore formation inhibiting effect on various pathogenic bacteria (Pora piricola), and can significantly suppress the density of these pathogenic bacteria by spraying during the dormant period.
It is highly effective and safe against fine leaf disease of peach, leaf blight of grapes, black rot, rot of apples, anthracnose of persimmons, and powdery mildew, which are conventionally well-established dormant control diseases. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dormant period control agent that is easy to use and has a high level of efficiency.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a dormant period controlling agent that can simultaneously control the dormant period of spider mites and scale insects as well as the dormant period control agent, and has a high residual effect as a control agent for the above diseases and is more effective. The purpose is to

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have developed 8-hydroxyquinoline, which is highly safe, has a high bactericidal effect on a wide variety of diseases, and is free from the risk of developing resistant bacteria. Copper (hereinafter 80C
We searched for combinations that had a synergistic effect by adding various adjuvants that did not pose any safety problems to the main ingredients. As a result, among various adjuvants, when combined with a specific organic acid, the spore formation inhibition effect is significantly increased, although the spore germination inhibitory effect and hyphal growth inhibitory effect against pathogenic bacteria are the same as those for gQC vehicles. In fact, it was found that when machine oil was further mixed, a longer residual effect was observed. Furthermore, we have found that even when machine oil is added to 8QC as an adjuvant, a higher sporulation inhibiting effect is observed than when using 80C alone, and at the same time, spider mites and scale insects can be controlled during the dormant period.

The present invention was completed based on this new knowledge.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that: (1) 8-hydroxyquinoline copper is the main component, and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, and caproic acid. Dormant phase control agent for fruit tree overwintering diseases with organic acid added as an adjuvant; ■ 8-hydroxyquinoline Dormant phase control agent for fruit tree overwintering diseases containing copper as the main component and machine oil added as an adjuvant; and ■ 8-hydroxyquinoline. The main component is copper, and at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, conolilic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid and caproic acid is used as an auxiliary agent, Furthermore, it relates to a dormant period control agent for overwintering diseases of fruit trees containing machine oil.

The mixing weight ratio of organic acid to 8QC is 0.0 to 8QC1 in order to obtain a sufficient synergistic effect. The mixing weight ratio of machine oil to 8QC is preferably about 2.0 to 20.0 to 8QC1. In addition, the 8QC concentration of the spray liquid is 500p.
pm or more, and the organic acid concentration is suitably 200 ppm or more. In addition, considering the insecticidal and acaricidal effect on spider mites and scale insects, the machine oil concentration of the spray liquid was set to 110.
000 pp or more is appropriate.

Since the amount of the organic acid added as an adjuvant is large, it is preferable to use it as a food additive in order to make the pesticide free of safety problems, but it is not limited thereto. 100% water such as citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, etc.
When used in combination with an organic acid having a wedge solubility (at 20° C.) of 50 g or more, there are some problems with the physical properties (dispersibility) of the preparation. 100m of water! In combination with oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, and caproic acid whose solubility in A high sporulation inhibition effect was observed.

Possible formulations for the mixture of 8QC and organic acids include wettable powders, flowable agents, dry flowable agents, etc. Dispersants include naphthalene sulfonic acid, formalin condensates, lignin sulfonates, aliphatic polyesters, etc. As the emulsifier such as carboxylic acid, for example, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, alkylbenzene sulfonate, etc. can be used. Further, as the machine oil, any oil commonly used for agricultural purposes can be used.

As for the mixture of 80C and machine oil or 8QC, organic acid and machine oil, a machine oil-based flowable agent can be considered, and the same dispersants, emulsifiers, etc. as mentioned above can be used.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, black spot disease, black spot disease, ring spot disease on pears, thin leaf disease on peach, blister disease on grapes, black powdery mildew, vine splitting disease, rot on apples, and anthracnose on persimmons can be prevented. To provide a novel control agent that can exert a remarkable control effect on various overwintering diseases of fruit trees such as P. elegans and powdery mildew by spraying them during the dormant period, and is also highly safe.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Test Examples.

In the examples, "parts" indicate "parts by weight."

Example 1 (hydrating agent) 8 Q 30 parts of C, 15 parts of organic acid (oxalic acid, cono-phosphoric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, caproic acid, etc.), white carbon 15
1 part, 5 parts of sodium alkyl sulfonate, 5 parts of sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, and 30 parts of diatomaceous earth are thoroughly mixed and ground to prepare a wettable powder.

Example 2 (machine oil-based flowable agent) 15 parts of 8QC, 75 parts of machine oil A, 5 parts of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, 2.5 parts of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, and 2.5 parts of sodium alkyl sulfonate.
Mix thoroughly and wet-pulverize to make a flowable agent.

The machine oil A has a viscosity of 44.99 cSt (40°C) according to JIS-2283 and ASTM-D48.
Sulfation degree according to 3 is 19v/v%, ASTM D1160
The 50% distillation temperature was 432°C.

Example 3 (machine oil-based flowable agent) 14 parts of 8QC, 7 parts of organic acids (oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, caproic acid, etc.), 70 parts of machine oil B, alkylbenzene Mix 3 parts of sodium sulfonate, 3 parts of polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, and 3 parts of sodium alkyl sulfonate, and wet-pulverize to obtain a flowable agent.

The machine oil B has a viscosity of 15.03 cSt (40°C) according to JIS-2283 and ASTM-D4.
Sulfation degree according to 83 is 5 v/v%, ASTM D1
The 50% distillation temperature using No. 160 was 393°C.

Test Example I Spore germination inhibition test (in vitro) Test method: A spore suspension of Pear and Black Spot fungi is prepared and adjusted to a concentration of about 20 spores per field of view under a 150x microscope.

Each predetermined concentration (...2×1.2X0.5.2XO, 3,
2X0. 1...ppm) sample solution and an equal amount of spore suspension to prepare a predetermined sample/spore suspension.

Approximately 20 μl of each of these was dropped onto a glass slide and kept in a greenhouse at 25° C. for 24 hours, after which the spore germination rate was measured using a microscope (in triplicate).

From these results, the concentration that inhibits spore germination by 50% (8
In the case of 0C mixture, the concentration as 8QC) is B115
It was determined by the probit method of s.

The test results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 (continued) Test example ■ Pear/black spot pot test (growing season) Test method:
Using young potted plants from the 20th century, 200ml/pot of a sample solution with a predetermined concentration was sprayed on 3 pots in each section, and after air-drying, a spore suspension of pear and black spot (approximately 10 per field under a microscope with a magnification of 200x) was applied. The seeds were inoculated with spores (number of spores), kept in a humid room for one day and night, and then transferred to a greenhouse. Seven days later, the whole collection was investigated, and the control value was calculated according to the following formula.

Index 0: Number of lesions per leaf 0 1: Number of lesions per leaf 1-3 3: Number of lesions per leaf: 4-10 5: Number of lesions per leaf 11-20 7: 21 or more lesions per leaf The test results are shown in Table 2.

5 Table 6 Table (continued) Test example ■ Pear/black spot bacterium spore formation inhibition effect test (cutting technique test) Test method: Cuttings of 20th century pear branches measuring 5 to 6 cm with overwintering lesions formed were washed with running water. It was washed with water for 1 hour and air-dried. 15 lesions per section, uniformly immersed in a sample solution of a specified concentration, 15 lesions after air-drying.
The plants were placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of 0.7°C, and the spore formation status was investigated after 7 days, and the control value was calculated according to the following formula.

Index 0: Number of spores per lesion 0 1:1 to 10 spores per lesion 2: 11-50 spores per lesion 3: 51-100 spores per lesion 4: 101 or more spores per lesion The test results are shown in Table 3.

弗3 Table 9 Table (continued) Test example■ Pear/black spot disease dormant period control test (field test) Test method: 5 per 3 trees in 1 area on 13-year-old 20th century pears before budding
A sample solution of No. 01 at a predetermined concentration was sprayed using a power sprayer, and after 1 and 2 months, a complete collection of 50 fruits per tree was investigated for the presence or absence of disease onset, and the control value was calculated using the following method.

0 Test example in Table■ Pear/Scattered blight spore formation prevention effect test (cutting technique test) Test method: Pear with overwintering lesions formed, Kosui diseased technique 5 to 5
It was cut into cm pieces, washed with water for 1 hour, and air-dried.

20 lesions per section, immersed in a chemical solution of a prescribed concentration, and after air drying,
It was kept at 15° C. and high humidity to form spores. After 7 days, the spore formation status was investigated, and the control value was calculated in the same manner as in Test Example ①.

The test was repeated twice. The results are shown in Table 5.

5 Table 3 Table (Continued) Test Example ■ Pear/Ringlemon Disease Infection Source Test (Pot Test) Test method: 20th century pear seedlings planted in 3 rows of 1 tree in 1 area were used. A sample solution of 50 parts per 5 diseased plants (approximately 200 g per piece) was sprayed with a spray gun, and the next day these diseased plants were hung one by one per tree as a source of infection. After 5 months, two long branches were selected, the number of lesions was investigated, and the control value was calculated using the following method.

The test results are shown in Table 6.

4 Table 5 Table (continued) Test example ■ Pear chemical damage test (high concentration field test) Test method = 1
Using 9th grade 20th century and 15th grade Kosui, we confirmed whether or not phytotoxicity occurred due to pre-emergence spraying and budding spraying. 1 ward lju 1
Continuously planted, 71/tree before germination, 71/tree during budding stage (partial buds),
8J! / Trees were sprayed, and the occurrence of phytotoxicity during germination, leaf development, and flowering was periodically examined.

The test results are shown in Table 7.

6 Table 7 Test Example■ Test for controlling grape bloat, black pepper, and vine during the dormant period (field test) Test method: Using 17-year-old 0 Delaware mature trees, grape bloat, black pepper, and vine We investigated the effect of controlling the dormant period on the disease.

Each plot had three trees in one row, and a sufficient amount of spray was applied using a power sprayer before sprouting. After 2 to 3 months, the lesions on the fruit for blowing blight, and the lesions on new stems for black powder and vine wart were observed, and the control value was calculated using the following method.

? 0 Late rot index 0: Onset tax rate 0 1: Onset tax rate 1/4 or less 3: Onset tax rate 1/4 to L/2 8 2 Onset tax rate 1/2 or more 0 Black rot, Vine wari table test example ■ Peach leaf curl disease dormant period control test (field test) Test method: Using 15-year-old, 0-mesh, early-growing sokomoto, the dormant phase control effect on peach leaf curl disease was investigated.

Each plot had two trees in one row, and a sufficient amount of spray was applied using a power sprayer before sprouting. Two months later, 20 branches were selected per tree, and the whole collection was examined for the presence or absence of disease, and the control value was calculated using the following method.

The test results are shown in Table 9.

9 Table 1 Test Example A spore solution of the rot fungus was inoculated into the foot scars, and after air-drying, a sample solution of a predetermined concentration was sprayed. After 5 months, the presence or absence of disease onset was investigated, and the control value was calculated according to the following formula.

Table 2 Test Example XI Persimmon anthracnose fungus spore formation inhibiting effect test (cutting technique test) Test method: Fuyu persimmon cuttings of about 8 cm in diameter with overwintering lesions were washed with running water for 1 hour and air-dried.

15 lesions per section were uniformly immersed in a sample solution of a predetermined concentration, air-dried, and placed in a greenhouse at 25°C. After 4 days, the spore formation status was investigated, and the control value was calculated in the same manner as in Test ①. In addition, the index regarding sporulation was set as follows.

Index O: Number of spores per lesion 0 1:1 to 50 spores per lesion 2: 51-100 spores per lesion 3: 101-500 spores per lesion 4: 501 or more spores per lesion The test results are shown in Table 11.

3 Table 1 4 Persimmon Powdery Mildew Sleeping Stage Control Test (Field Test) Test method: 10-year-old Fuyu persimmons before budding were set in 2 rows per tree per section, and 151 samples were sprayed per tree. After 3 months and 5 months, 100 leaves per tree were examined for disease severity, and the control value was calculated using the following method.

Test example X■ Index 0: Disease area per leaf 0 1: Disease area per leaf L/4 3: Disease area per leaf L/4 6: 1/2 diseased area per leaf LolInfection area per leaf 3/4 The test results are shown in Table 12.

Below ~ 1/2 ~ 374 Above 5 Part 2 Table 6 Pear spider mite and scale insect dormant period control test (field test) Test method: Specified concentration of 50f per 3 trees in 1 area on 13 year old 20th century pears before budding Spray the sample solution with a power sprayer,
After 2 to 3 months, the number of spider mites parasitic on 50 leaves per tree and the number of scale insect (Salva scale) adult larvae on 30 cuts per tree were examined using the following method. The following is clear from the test examples.

As seen in the test examples, the spore germination suppressing power of 8QC against pear blight fungi is not observed even when organic acids or machine oil are added, and the suppressing power is actually weakened by the addition of organic acids. A trend was observed. Furthermore, as seen in Test Example H, no effect of organic acid or machine oil on 8QC was observed in the pot test during the growing season against pear black spot.

However, as seen in Test Example ■, when organic acids and machine oil were added to 8QC, the effect of inhibiting spore formation on lesions against Pear Spot fungus became significantly stronger, and as a result, as seen in Test Example ■, A high dormant period control effect was observed. In particular, the residual effect was increased by mixing machine oil. In addition, as seen in Test Examples ① and ②, the inhibitory effect on spore formation on lesions against pear and scab fungus, and the infection inhibiting effect against pear and ringlet blight are also extremely high. Furthermore, as shown in Test Example 2, no chemical damage to pears was observed, and it is considered to be useful as a dormant control agent for the three major diseases of pears. Furthermore, machine oil has a high control effect on mites and scale insects, and by adjusting the concentration from both bactericidal and insecticidal/acaricidal effects, it is possible to create a dormant disease control agent (comprehensive dormancy of pears) that has insecticidal and acaricidal effects. It is a very useful agent as a pest control agent.

Other diseases that are conventionally controlled during the dormant period include grape blowing disease, black cabbage, and vine crack disease (test example ■), peach leaf curl disease (test example ■), and apple rot (test 9 case X). , Persimmon anthracnose (Test Example XI), Persimmon powdery mildew (
Test example X), field test (test example
) and a sporulation inhibition test (Test Example XI) using cuttings, the effect of adding organic acid and machine oil on 8QC was observed, and the effect was sufficiently high.

Also, as a matter of course, as shown in Test Example X■, the machine oil mixture has insecticidal and acaricidal effects against spider mites and scale insects.

Therefore, the formulation of the present invention in which an organic acid is added to 8QC is highly practical as a dormant period control agent for common overwintering diseases of fruit trees.
Further, the formulation of the present invention in which machine oil or an organic acid and machine oil are added to 8QC is highly practical as a comprehensive fruit tree dormancy control agent having insecticidal and acaricidal effects.

(Above) 0 Procedural amendment (voluntary) November 20, 1999 1999 Patent Application No. 265608 / Name of the invention Dormant period control agent for overwintering diseases of fruit trees Tomono Yakuza Co., Ltd. Agent Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City 2-1-2 Sawa no Tsuru Building ff106 (
203)094] “Honic acid, formalin condensate” on page 8, line 10 of the statement of contents of the amendment subject to voluntary amendment
Correct the statement to read ``phonic acid formalin conjugate.''

The statement "There was" on page 11, line 9 of the specification is corrected as follows.

"there were.

Example 4 (machine oil-based flowable agent) 10 parts of 8QC, 5 parts of organic acids (oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, caproic acid, etc.), 875 parts of machine oil, alkylbenzene 5 parts of sodium sulfonate, 2.5 parts of polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, and 2.5 parts of sodium alkyl sulfonate are thoroughly mixed and wet-pulverized to obtain a flowable agent. "(that's all)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) 8-hydroxyquinoline copper as the main component, oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid,
A dormant period control agent for overwintering diseases of fruit trees, which contains at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of itaconic acid, crotonic acid and caproic acid as an auxiliary agent. (2) An agent for controlling overwintering diseases of fruit trees during the dormant period, which contains 8-hydroxyquinoline copper as a main component and machine oil is added as an auxiliary agent. (3) 8-hydroxyquinoline copper as the main component, oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid,
using at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of itaconic acid, crotonic acid and caproic acid as an auxiliary agent,
A dormant-season control agent for overwintering fruit tree diseases that also contains machine oil.