JPH03125727A - Civil engineering draining filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To uniformize water permeability as a civil engineering filter by providing a large number of through-holes to one side, and filling a large number of small pieces intertwined with coconut fabric, etc. inside a casing having an opening opposed thereto and formed in the shape of a plane. CONSTITUTION:The draining filter is constituted of a container body 16 expanding a casing 12 in the shape of about a semi-circle with resin, etc. and a plane lid 18 covered thereon, and ribs extended in the direction of circles of longitude and in the direction of a parallel of latitude are provided to them to form a large number of through-holes 28. The lid 18 is also formed in the shape of a lattice to make a large number of through-holes 30, and a discharge port 32 connected to a weep hole is provided to the center thereof. The covered cloth sheet 44 of a non-woven cloth consisting of water permeable synthetic fabric is laid to the inside of the container body 16, and the non-woven cloth intertwined with coconut fabric, etc. as a filter material 14 with a span bond system, etc. is cut off into a large number of small squared pieces 46, to fill. According to the constitution, uniform water permeability can be provided to the filter.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a filter for wastewater for civil engineering. For more details, see Retaining Wall 1. It relates to a filter used for draining water from side walls of waterways, etc.

[Prior Art] A retaining wall is provided on one side of a passage in a mountainous area. This retaining wall may be damaged by heavy rain or prolonged rain. That is, rainwater seeps into the ground and applies water pressure to the retaining wall, and the soil pressure increases due to an increase in the moisture content of the soil, leading to the destruction of the retaining wall.

In addition to the above-mentioned retaining walls, similar problems also occur in the case of side walls of agricultural waterways.

For this reason, conventional filters, which are made by storing gravel inside a casing with many perforations on its surface, have been installed at the permeable holes in retaining walls, etc., in order to drain water and prevent soil from flowing out. ing.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, this filter has the following problems.

(1) Because the gravel moves downward due to its own weight inside the casing and becomes unevenly distributed, uniform water permeability cannot be obtained.

(2) It is troublesome to fill the casing with gravel on site. Furthermore, if the filter is filled with gravel in advance at a factory, etc., the weight of the entire filter becomes extremely large, making it inconvenient to transport to the site.

(3) In any case, the heavy gravel is stored, so the workability when installing the filter at a required location such as a retaining wall is poor.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The filter of the present invention has a casing having a large number of through holes on the negative side, a flat surface on the opposite side, and an opening. It is filled with a large number of small pieces made of entangled fibers, etc.

[Operation] The flat surface of the co-filter is brought into contact with a location on the inner surface of a retaining wall, waterway side wall, etc., where there is a drain hole, and the filter is buried in the soil in this state.

Rainwater, etc. in the soil enters the filter through the through holes, is absorbed by small pieces of filter material inside the filter, reaches the opening of the casing by capillary development, and flows out to the outside of the retaining wall or the like.

Because of the presence of the filter material, sediment will not flow out from the drain hole.

The filter material filled inside the casing is made by intertwining coconut fibers, etc.! The amount of IL is light. Therefore, it does not descend under its own weight and become unevenly distributed within the casing. Furthermore, since the filter material is filled with a large number of small pieces, they stick to each other and the filter material as a whole easily conforms to the shape of the casing. Therefore, there is less space in the casing where no filter material is present. Due to these two facts, uniform water permeability is obtained throughout the filter, and
Earth and sand will not flow into the casing and be discharged to the outside.

Furthermore, since the filter material is lightweight, transporting and attaching the filter is easy.

[Example] In the figure, 10 indicates the entire filter.

The filter IO consists of a casing 12 and a filler 14 housed inside.

The casing 12 consists of a substantially hemispherical bulging container 1G with a diameter of about 10 mm and a planar lid 18 that covers the container 1G. The material is resin such as polyethylene.

The shape of the casing 12 is not limited to this, and may be a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.

It is preferable that the pressure resistance of the casing 12 is such that it will not break under a maximum load of 450 kg.

The container ta actually has a basket shape made up of ribs extending in the meridian direction and the latitude direction, and has a large number of through holes 20 between the ribs.

Similarly, the M2S is formed in a lattice shape over the entire surface and has a large number of through holes 30. There is a discharge port 32 in the center of M1S that communicates with a water drain hole, which will be described later, and a cylindrical body 34 extends outward from the periphery thereof. The outer diameter of the cylindrical body 34 is preferably 50 mm or 75 mm, depending on the drain hole.

In this example, as mentioned above, '! 1E18 is provided with both a large number of through holes 30 and a large number of discharge ports 32, but the through holes 30 may be omitted and only the discharge port 32 may be provided. Further, the discharge port 32 may be provided at an eccentric position of the lid 18. Furthermore, the discharge port 32 may not be provided, and only the through hole 30 may be provided. In this case, the water absorbed by the filter IO is discharged to the outside through the through holes 30 that correspond to the drain holes of the retaining wall (those of the through holes 30 that do not correspond to the drain holes, i.e. , it does not flow outside from the area where it is pressed against the inner surface of the retaining wall). In any case, the lid 18 needs some kind of opening to drain the water inside the casing 12 to the outside.

A suitable number of projecting pieces 36 are provided protruding from the periphery of the lid 18. As shown in FIG. 5, when the lid 1B is placed over the container 18,
This protruding piece 3B fits into a large notch 40 provided in the flange 38 of the container 16. Thereafter, by rotating the lid 18 in the direction of the arrow, the protruding piece 3G is positioned radially outward from the small notch 42. Thereby, M2S is fixed to the container 16. After this, container 1B and lid 18
and can be fixed with a suitable adhesive.

An enveloping sheet 44 made of water-permeable fabric is laid on the inner surface of the container 16. This sheet 44 is preferably a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers. Particularly preferred are those manufactured by spunbonding using long polyester fibers and those manufactured by needle punching using short polyester or polypropylene fibers.

On this envelope sheet 44, as a filter material 14,
It is filled with a large number of small pieces 46 obtained by cutting approximately square pieces of nonwoven fabric made by intertwining fiber materials such as coconut fibers and chemical fibers using a spunbond method or a double punch method.

This filter material 14 has a water permeability coefficient of 10-3 or more and a weight of
Preferably it is 1500 g/rlf or less.

The peripheral edge 45 of the enveloping sheet 44 protrudes to the outside of the container 1B, and after filling the container ta with a sufficient amount of the filter material 14, the peripheral edge 45 is folded inward.

Thereafter, the filter IO is completed by fixing the lid 18 to the container 16 as described above. This filter is attached to a retaining wall or the like with concrete nails inserted through the projecting pieces 39.

In this invention, a small piece of nonwoven fabric 4 is used as the filter material 14.
Since it is filled with a large amount of B, the weight of the filter material 14 is lighter compared to the case where gravel is used as the filter material as in the past, and therefore, the filter material 14 is lowered in the casing B by its own weight and becomes unevenly distributed. There is no.

Further, as described above, since a large number of small pieces 4B of filter material are wrapped in the enveloping sheet 44, the enveloping sheet 44
The movement of the small piece 46 is prevented inside the small piece 4B.
uneven distribution can be more effectively prevented. Further, since the small pieces 46 of the filter material are wrapped by the enveloping sheet 44, these small pieces 46 are attached to the outlet 32 of the lid 18 and the cylindrical body 34.
It is possible to prevent the material from escaping to the outside through the Moreover, this sheet 44 allows the compressive load applied to the filter to be uniformly distributed.

Further, the presence of the filter material 14 can prevent external dirt from entering the inside of the filter 10 and flowing out to the outside. In this case, since a large number of small pieces 64 of the filter material are filled, these small pieces adhere to each other more easily than in the case of gravel, preventing the outflow of earth and sand, and having a good water permeability effect. Furthermore, since there are many small pieces, the filter material as a whole can easily conform to the shape of the inside of the casing, and no soil space is generated, so that it is possible to effectively prevent dirt from flowing into the filter material. On the other hand, when filling a single sheet of filter material, a large amount of dead space will occur.

Incidentally, if earth and sand flow into the casing, the dead space will further expand, and there is also a possibility that the enveloping sheet 44 may be damaged.

In that case, the filter material piece 4B may flow out, creating a bypass within the filter 10 and causing the earth and sand to flow out.

The above filter IO is attached as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.

That is, the filter cylinder 34 is inserted into the drain hole 54 of the retaining wall 50 or the side wall 52 of the waterway. At this time, the planar lid 1B tightly contacts the inner surface of the retaining wall 50 and the like.

In the modification shown in FIG. 6, a partition wall 60 is provided inside the cylinder 34.
is provided, and the through hole B2 of this partition wall is closed by a valve body B4. The lower end of the valve body 64 is fixed to the partition wall 60, and the upper part thereof rotates in the direction of the arrow through the groove 66 to open and close the through hole 82.

The filter lO of FIG. 6 is particularly useful for use on the sidewalls 52 of waterways as shown in FIG. That is,
If the level of water in the waterway is high, the water will pass through filter 1.
This backflow can be prevented by the valve body 64.

[Effects of the Invention] (1) Since the filter materials are in close contact with each other and follow the shape of the casing as a whole, there is no space in the casing where the filter material does not exist. Further, since the filter material does not move downward due to its own weight inside the casing, the filter material is not unevenly distributed. For these reasons, the filter has uniform water permeability.

(2) Since the filter material is lightweight, it is easy to transport the filter.
Installation work is convenient.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side sectional view showing the state in which the above-mentioned filter is attached to a retaining wall, etc., and Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the waterway side wall with the above-mentioned filter installed; FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the main parts showing the method of fixing the casing container and the lid; FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the attached retaining wall; FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of a filter according to a modification of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols] 10...Filter 12...Casing 46...Small piece of filter material Cleaned from the drawing in Figure 2 (No change in content Procedural amendment book form) Procedural amendment November 15, 1989

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The interior of the casing, which has a large number of through holes on one side and a flat surface with openings on the opposite side, is filled with a large number of small pieces made of entangled coconut fibers, etc. A drainage filter for civil engineering that is characterized by: