JP2002371596A - Rain water effective use system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rain water effective use system capable of effectively using rain water, capable of easily sucking the rain water from a water reservoir, and capable of being manufactured at a low cost. SOLUTION: This rain water effective use system comprises, under the ground at a position lower than a ground surface, a water reservoir 11 peripherally covered by an impermeable sheet 13 and filled with crushed stone 16, a permeable layer 19 formed mainly of sand, soil, or the mixture thereof and covering the upper surface of the reservoir 11 through a water-resistant permeable member 19a up to the ground surface, an infiltration basin 18 having a lower part immersed into the water reservoir 11, having a plurality of small diameter drain holes 22 provided around the bottom part thereof, and allowing to flow, therein, the rain water fallen on the roof of a building 17 and flowing into a rain water gutter 23, water collecting mechanisms 14 and 15 installed in the water reservoir 11 and having a space part for collecting the water accumulated therein, a pump 42 for pumping water from the water collecting mechanisms 14 and 15, and a water feed system 51 having a filter 41 for filtrating the water pumped up by the pump 42.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system for effectively utilizing rainwater, which collects rainwater and, in some cases, dehumidified water from a cooling device such as a cooler and uses the collected water for domestic use.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, rainwater is drained as sewage without being effectively used, and drinking water, washing water and bath water used at home are generally supplied from tap water (tap water). there were. Therefore, in order to effectively use rainwater, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-302733, rainwater is collected by a gutter, collected in a water storage section provided underground, and pumped up as necessary for use. Things had been proposed. In JP-A-11-107353, a concave space for a tank is dug below the ground surface, a rubber sheet is lined inside, and crushed stone is filled inside the rubber sheet.
Infiltrate rainwater from the ground and store temporarily to prevent flood damage,
Further, if necessary, a rainwater storage tank has been proposed in which accumulated water can be used as fire water.

[0003]

However, the rainwater utilization device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-302733 only uses water from the roof and does not use water that has fallen to the ground surface. Is not enough. Furthermore, since the water storage part is hollow, it is necessary to have a concrete structure so that it is not crushed by the surrounding earth pressure, and it is necessary to have a strong structure because the ceiling surface also receives pressure from above. . In addition, the shape of the installation surface is restricted. Further, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 11-107353 discloses a rainwater storage tank whose ground portion can be used for a park or a square or a garden of public or private facilities. It is not actively used. In addition, pumping water from the reservoir only locates the end of the pipe at the bottom of the rainwater storage tank, so if it is clogged with soil or sand, it can not be used and repair is extremely difficult. There is a problem that is. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, it is possible to effectively use rainwater falling on the roof and the surface,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a rainwater effective use system which can be easily pumped from a water storage tank, is inexpensive, and can be manufactured without much selecting a planar shape of an installation place.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a rainwater effective use system according to the present invention, which is installed in a place having a covered building or in the vicinity thereof and has a lower level than a ground surface. A water tank filled with crushed stone inside, covered with an impermeable sheet in the ground at the position,
Mainly sand, soil or a mixture thereof, a permeable layer that covers the water tank up to the ground surface through a water-permeable member that is strong against water, and a lower part is immersed in the water tank, and a plurality of small diameters are provided around the lower part. A drainage hole is provided, a permeation basin into which water of a rain gutter in which rainwater falling on the roof of the building flows, and a water collecting mechanism having a space provided in the water storage tank and collecting water collected inside, It has a pump for pumping water from the water collecting mechanism, and a water supply system provided with a filter for filtering the water pumped by the pump. Therefore, the rainwater that has fallen on the roof of the building flows down the rain gutter and flows into the water storage tank through the seepage measure. Since the water tank is covered with an impermeable sheet, rainwater will accumulate in the water tank.
The reservoir is filled with crushed stone and can bear the load of the upper part, while water accumulates in the space formed between adjacent crushed stones. Then, the water collected in the water storage tank collects in the space of the water collecting mechanism, and as a result, is sucked up by the pump of the water supply system. Since the water supply system is provided with a filter, the passing water can be filtered.

[0005] In the rainwater effective use system of the present invention, in addition to the water from the rain gutter, the water from the cooling device can flow into the infiltration basin. As a result, the water generated from the cooling device (usually 10 to 20 liters per unit per day) can be effectively used. In the rainwater effective use system of the present invention, it is preferable that an inlet of a drain pipe for flowing overflowed rainwater into a general gutter is provided at an upper position of the water storage tank, whereby water flows from the water storage tank to the ground surface. There is no risk of overflow. In this case, it is preferable that the water inlet of the drainage pipe is provided in the infiltration tank. Further, in the rainwater effective use system of the present invention, a chemical injection device may be provided in the water supply system, and the water pumped by the pump may be sterilized. As a result, bacteria and the like contained in the water are killed, and the water becomes toilet water, bath water, boiled kitchen water, and in some cases, drinking water.

In the rainwater effective use system according to the present invention, the water collecting mechanism is disposed upright on the water storage tank.
A water introduction section through which water from the water storage tank flows from the upper part to the lower part, a lower part provided with a filtration part provided with a filtration part filled with a filtering material, and a filtration part of the filtration part, It is preferable that an end of the water absorption pipe is provided with a water collecting basin arranged at the bottom. Thereby, the water to be pumped can be filtered to make clean water. Furthermore, in the effective use system of rainwater of the present invention, the water collecting basin is provided with a liquid level detecting device, and the water supply system has an automatic switching means for switching between clean water and water from the pump. If the water level in the catchment basin is insufficient due to the liquid level detecting device, it is more preferable to switch to water supply. Thereby, when the water stored in the water storage tank becomes insufficient, the water can be switched to the clean water and used.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. Here, FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a rainwater effective use system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, an effective use system 10 of rainwater according to an embodiment of the present invention has a water storage tank 11 for storing rainwater. In the construction of the water storage tank 11,
First, an excavation hole 12 of about 1.5 m is formed from the ground, and a rubber sheet 13 as an example of a water-impermeable sheet is lined inside the excavation hole 12 to a depth of 1.2 m. A drainage basin 14 and a drainage basin 15 constituting a water collecting mechanism are provided upright at a predetermined portion, for example, a central portion of the excavation hole 12. This drainage basin 14
Further, the water collecting basin 15 is a bottomed cylindrical container made of vinyl chloride having an inner diameter of about 450 mm, and is provided by slightly digging the digging hole 12. Drainage basin 14 and collection basin 1
A part of the rubber sheet 13 is also spread over the dug portion 5 so that there is no water leakage. Here, the lower parts of the drainage basin 14 and the water collecting basin 15 can be disposed so as to penetrate the rubber sheet 13.
The communicating portion between the drainage basin 14 and the drainage basin 15 is securely joined using an adhesive so that water does not leak from the rubber sheet 13 and the joined portion. It is sufficient that the thickness of the rubber sheet 13 is about 1 to 5 mm, and it is preferable to use a rubber sheet that has been joined and assembled in a predetermined shape in advance.

[0009] Depth 1.2 lined with rubber sheet 13
The crushed stone 16 is put in the excavation hole 12 of m. The size of the crushed stone 16 is preferably about 1 to 2 cm, but larger pieces may be mixed. When using the crushed stone 16 having a sharp corner, the rubber sheet 13 is laid so as not to be damaged. When the crushed stone 16 is filled to a depth of about 1 m, an infiltration basin 18 is arranged near a building 17 with a roof. The infiltration basin 18 is also formed of a bottomed cylindrical (or a perforated bottom) container made of vinyl chloride. Thereafter, the crushed stones 16 are laid down to a depth of 1.2 m, that is, from the ground surface to a depth of 0.3 m from the ground. This crushed stone 16 is 1c
m (i.e., small crushed stones) are removed by a sieve, and medium-sized particles (particle size of 1 cm or more) are mainly used. As a result, the small crushed stone does not fill the gap between the medium crushed stones 16, so that the porosity of the crushed stone 16 is improved, and the water of about 35 to 45% of the volume of the water storage tank 11 can be stored. it can. Since the crushed stones 16 can disperse and support the load on the upper part of the water storage tank 11, a relatively large load can be arranged on the water storage tank 11. Mountain sand is further piled up on this crushed stone 16 through a nonwoven fabric 19a of synthetic resin fiber, which is an example of a water-permeable member that is resistant to water, to a height of about 0.3 m to form a water-permeable layer 19. The water permeable layer 19 does not necessarily have to be mountain sand, and permeable soil, other sand, or a mixture thereof can be used. The water permeable layer 19 covering the water storage tank 11 up to the ground surface can be a field or the like, and the nonwoven fabric 19 a functions to prevent sand and soil constituting the water permeable layer 19 from entering the gaps of the crushed stone 16. This makes it possible to collect rainwater falling on the upper part of the water storage tank 11 and reuse water.

The infiltration basin 18 is made of a container made of vinyl chloride as described above, and its upper end is just flush with the ground surface.
0 is provided. Side wall 2 at a position lower than 0.3 m from the ground surface (lower position immersed in water tank 11)
1 is provided with a plurality of small-diameter drain holes (diameter: 0.2 to 1 cm) 22, whereby water collected inside is stored in the water storage tank 11.
It is flowing into. A water pipe 24 that guides water from a rain gutter 23 that collects rainwater falling on the roof of the building 17 is connected to the infiltration basin 18, and a water discharge pipe 26 of an air conditioner 25, which is an example of a cooling device, is connected thereto. The rainwater falling on the roof and the dehumidifying water from the air conditioner 25 are put into the infiltration basin 18. A water inlet of a drain pipe 27 for flowing overflowing water into a general gutter is arranged at a position 0.3 m from the upper end of the infiltration basin 18, that is, at the upper end of the water storage tank 11. This allows overflow water from the water storage tank 11 to flow into the side gutter so that water in the water storage tank 11 does not overflow to the ground surface.

The drainage basin 14 has a height of about 1.5 m, and has a lid 28 made of metal or reinforced synthetic resin which can be opened and closed at the upper end.
And a porous purifying medium (for example, a filtering material such as bamboo charcoal or activated carbon) 29 is disposed at a lower portion at a height of about 30 to 40 cm. In addition, it is good to maintain the filter medium easily. The lower part of the drainage basin 14 constitutes a filtering part filled with a filtering material. On the side wall 30 of the drainage basin 14, there are provided a large number of small water passage holes 31 (diameter: 0.2 to 1 cm) which are an example of a water guiding portion into which water from the water storage tank 11 flows into the internal space. At the bottom (preferably at the center position) of the drainage basin 14, an open end of a communication pipe 32 communicating with the filtration part is arranged so as to guide the filtered water to a water collection basin 15 provided next to the drainage basin. It has become. The collecting basin 15 is made of a vinyl chloride container having a length of about 1.8 m, has a space for collecting water therein, and a lid plate 33 is provided on an upper portion thereof. The cover plate 33 is provided with an electrode sensor 34 which is an example of a liquid level detecting device. The electrode sensor 34 is the catchment basin 1
5, a first electrode 35 having a length up to near the bottom, a second electrode 36 having a tip at a position 10 to 20 cm higher than the first electrode 35, and a third electrode 36 having a tip at a position 10 to 20cm higher than the first electrode 35. It has an electrode 37 and these control units 38, detects electrical continuity between the first electrode 35 and the second electrode 36, detects the lower limit position of the water surface, and detects the first electrode 35 and the third electrode 37. To detect the middle position of the water surface.

At the bottom of the water collecting basin 15, an opening end of a water absorption pipe 40 is arranged with a small gap from a bottom plate 39, and the water absorption pipe 40 penetrates the cover plate 33 and passes through a filter 41 on the way. Connected to the water inlet of the pump 42. Pump 42
Is discharged to the outside through a T-shaped pipe 45 to which an electromagnetic valve 43 and a drug injection device 44 are connected, a check valve 46 and a T-shaped pipe 47. Also, T-tube 4
Tap water is connected to 7 via a manual valve 48, a check valve 49 and a solenoid valve 50. From the above configuration, the water supply system 51 of the rainwater effective use system 10 is configured. The operation thereof will be described. In the state where the electrode sensor 34 does not detect the lower limit position of the water surface, the pump (shallow well pump) is used. When the operation of 42 is performed, the pump 42 sucks the water accumulated in the catchment tub 15 through the filter 41, and the electromagnetic valve 43 and the drug injection device 44 are operated. T-tube 4 provided with
5. Water is discharged to the outside through the check valve 46 and the T-shaped pipe 47. Since this water is filtered by the purifying medium (that is, the filtering material) 29 and further filtered by the filter 41, the water is clean and sterilized without dust and the like.

When the operation is continued in this state, the catchment basin 15
When the water level inside falls below the lower limit, the electrode sensor 34 operates to close the solenoid valve 43 and stop the operation of the pump 42. As a result, the idle operation of the pump 42 is prevented. In this case, since the electromagnetic valve 50 from the tap water opens, use of water is not hindered. When the operation of the pump 42 is stopped, the water level in the water storage tank 11 rises due to the inflow of rainwater or the like, and when the electrode sensor 34 detects the middle position of the water surface, the operation of the pump 42 becomes possible again and the solenoid valves 43 and 50 are activated. Switches. The switching means is constituted by the electromagnetic valves 43 and 50 and the electrode sensor 34. Solenoid valve 4
It is preferable that manual operation can be performed for switching between 3, 50. It should be noted that an ultrasonic liquid level sensor may be used instead of the electrode sensor 34, and the water supply circuit may be omitted if only rainwater is used.

In the above embodiment, the water collecting mechanism is divided into the drainage basin 14 having the purification medium 29 and the water collecting basin 15, but these are combined into one to collect water in one water collecting basin. Can also be incorporated into Further, in the case of a single water collecting basin, the purifying medium is omitted, and a large number of small water holes through which water from the water storage tank 11 flows are provided on the side wall of the cylindrical basin having a bottom to collect water therein. Will be. In this case, it is preferable to use an electrode sensor in order to prevent the pump from running idle.
In addition, a filter using a purifying medium can be arranged before or after the pump 42.

[0015]

As is apparent from the above description, the effective use system of rainwater according to claims 1 to 7 can collect rainwater falling on the storage tank in addition to rainwater falling on the roof. In addition, rainwater can be collected from a wider range than conventional ones. And since crushed stone is placed in the water tank,
A heavy object can be put on the water tank, or a plant can be planted, and the water can be effectively reused by watering the water tank. Further, the effective use system of rainwater can be manufactured at low cost as a whole. And since the water tank is an aggregate of crushed stones, it can be changed freely according to the shape of the installation place. In particular, in the rainwater effective utilization system according to the second aspect, since water generated from the cooling device is introduced into the water storage tank, for example, water generated from the cooling device as an effective water source when no rain falls. Can be used.

In the rainwater effective use system according to the third and fourth aspects, a water inlet for a drain pipe through which overflowed rainwater flows into a general gutter is provided at an upper position of the water storage tank. Does not overflow onto the ground surface, so that the water permeable layer can be prevented from being flooded. In particular, in the effective use system of rainwater according to claim 4, since the inlet of the drainage pipe is provided in the infiltration basin, the water that is going to flow into the water storage tank is directly guided to the gutter,
It is possible to minimize contamination of the water storage tank due to garbage and the like carried by drainage. In the rainwater effective use system according to the fifth aspect, since the water supply system is provided with the chemical injection device, the water pumped up by the pump can be sterilized. In the rainwater effective use system according to claim 6, the water collecting mechanism is provided standing upright in the water storage tank, the upper part of which has a water guiding part into which water from the water storage tank flows, and the lower part of which is filled with a filtering material. Basin, each of which has a drainage basin and a drainage basin connected to the filtration part of the drainage basin and the end of the suction pipe of the pump located at the bottom of the drainage basin. And clean water can be supplied. In the rainwater effective utilization system according to claim 7, the water collecting basin is provided with a liquid level detecting device, and the water supply system is provided with a switching means for switching between clean water and water from the pump. When the water in the catchment basin runs short due to the liquid level detecting device, the water is switched to clean water. Therefore, even if the water in the water storage tank dies, the water can be switched to clean water to supply the water.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a rainwater effective use system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Rainwater effective use system, 11: Water tank, 12:
Excavation hole, 13: rubber sheet, 14: drainage basin, 15: catchment basin, 16: crushed stone, 17: building, 18: seepage basin, 19: permeable layer, 19a: non-woven fabric, 20: lid plate, 21: side wall , 2
2: small diameter drain hole, 23: rain gutter, 24: water pipe, 25: air conditioner, 26: water discharge pipe, 27: drain pipe, 28: lid plate, 2
9: purification medium, 30: side wall, 31: water passage small hole, 32: communication tube, 33: cover plate, 34: electrode sensor, 35: first electrode, 36: second electrode, 37: third electrode, 38 : Control unit,
39: bottom plate, 40: water absorption pipe, 41: filter, 42:
Pump, 43: solenoid valve, 44: drug injection device, 45: T-tube, 46: check valve, 47: T-tube, 48: manual valve, 49: check valve, 50: solenoid valve, 51: water supply system

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A rainwater effective use system installed at or near a place having a covered building, wherein the ground is covered with an impermeable sheet in a place lower than the ground surface, and crushed stone is filled therein. A water storage tank, mainly composed of sand, soil or a mixture thereof, a permeable layer covering the water storage tank up to the ground surface through a water-permeable member that is strong against water, and a lower part immersed in the water storage tank, and around the lower part, Has a plurality of small-diameter drain holes, a drainage trough into which rainwater falling on the roof of the building flows, and a water collecting tank having a space provided in the water storage tank for collecting water accumulated therein. An effective use system for rainwater, comprising: a mechanism; a pump for pumping water from the water collecting mechanism; and a water supply system including a filter for filtering water pumped by the pump. 2. The effective use system of rainwater according to claim 1, wherein in addition to water from said rain gutter, water from a cooling device flows into said infiltration basin. 3. The effective use system of rainwater according to claim 1, wherein an inlet of a drain pipe for flowing overflowed rainwater into a general gutter is provided at an upper position of the water storage tank. Rainwater effective use system. 4. The effective use system of rainwater according to claim 3, wherein an inlet of said drainage pipe is provided in said infiltration basin. 5. The rainwater effective use system according to claim 1, wherein a chemical injection device is provided in the water supply system, and the water pumped by the pump is sterilized. And effective use of rainwater. 6. The effective use system of rainwater according to claim 1, wherein the water collecting mechanism is disposed upright on the water storage tank, and is disposed from an upper part to a lower part from the water storage tank. The water introduction part into which the water flows, the lower part is provided with a filtration basin each provided with a filtration part filled with a filtering material, and the filtration part of the filtration basin is connected to the filtration part, and the end of the water absorption pipe of the pump is the An effective use system for rainwater, comprising a catch basin arranged at the bottom. 7. The effective use system of rainwater according to claim 6, wherein said catchment basin is provided with a liquid level detection device, and said water supply system switches between tap water and water from said pump. Switching means is provided, and when the water level in the catchment basin is insufficient by the liquid level detection device, the water level is switched to clean water.