JPH03118470A - Blood analyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to select the groups of measuring items automatically by providing a plurality of additional branched flow paths to the flow path of a blood sample, and connecting specified measuring parts. CONSTITUTION:When a syringe with which blood is collected is used and the blood sample is injected through a sample injecting part 21, the sample is introduced into a sample flow path 2 and moved into the direction of a drain. When the sufficient amount of the sample to fill the flow path 2 up to the position of a liquid sensor 11 at the most downstream part is injected, liquid sensors 9, 10 and 11 for branched flow paths 3, 4 and 5 are in the liquid detecting state. Under this state, a control part 14 judges that the sample can be introduced into all branched flow path sand controls the apparatus so that the introduction and the measurement of the sample are individually conducted by the input of a measurement starting signal. The measurements are performed with a blood-gas measuring part 6, a measuring part 7 for electrolyte in blood and a measuring part 8 for chemical components in blood. When the sample which is not sufficient to fill the flow path 2 to the liquid sensor 11 at the most downstream, the control part 14 automatically sets the measuring items in conformity with the liquid quantity, and the measurement can be performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a blood analyzer. For more details,
The present invention relates to a blood analyzer that can introduce a whole blood sample and measure blood gases in the sample as well as electrolytes and blood chemical components.

(B) Conventional technology Measuring dissolved gas components, electrolytes, metabolic chemical components, etc. in blood collected from patients is extremely important for clinical diagnosis, emergency testing, and surgical management.

Therefore, various studies have been carried out to measure these components in whole blood, and at present, blood gas components such as PCO, PO, electrolytes (which usually also include pH), Na, CI, etc. Glucose as a blood chemical component,
BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and the like are known as items that can be directly measured using the electrode method.

There are various blood analyzers that can measure each of these items with a single injection of a whole blood sample by combining a blood gas component measuring section, an electrolyte measuring section, and a blood chemical component measuring section. It has already been developed.

Such a blood analyzer has a flow path configured so that an injected blood sample can be transferred through a thin tube to a blood gas measurement section, an electrolyte measurement section, and a blood chemical component measurement section, each of which has measurement electrodes. It is. At present, devices that are configured so that measurement is started after a blood sample reaches each of these measurement sections are generally used.

(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional blood analyzer as described above, measurement is automatically started after the first three types of measurement sections are filled with blood components. A blood sample must be injected. Therefore, if the amount of blood sample is insufficient,
There was an inconvenience that the measurement was not performed and blood sampling was required again. In particular, the importance of the first three measurement item groups in emergency testing is different, and among them, the importance of measuring blood gas components is high, and measuring only these blood gas components or blood gas components and electrolytes can accomplish the purpose. There are many cases where it is reached.

In such cases, it is desirable to be able to automatically measure these specific measurement items using a smaller amount of blood sample, but the conventional apparatus described above cannot perform such irregular automatic measurements.

Therefore, in such a blood analyzer, the flow path is configured so that the blood sample can be introduced to each measurement section side by side, and the blood sample can be introduced and measured only to the measurement section of the measurement item set in advance by key operation etc. A device configured as such has also been proposed.

However, such a device has the disadvantage that it requires complicated key operations.

The present invention has been made under such circumstances, and in particular, it is possible to automatically select and measure a group of measurable measurement items according to the amount of blood sample to be injected without performing any key operations. The aim is to provide a blood analyzer that can perform

(d) Means for Solving the Problems Thus, according to the present invention, (a) a sample flow path extending from the blood sample injection section to the drain; and (b) a plurality of sample flow paths each branched from the sample flow path. (c) a blood gas measuring section connected to the branch channel located at the most upstream side of the sample channel, and a blood electrolyte measuring section and/or blood gas measuring section connected to the other branch channel; (d) a liquid sensor disposed downstream of each branch channel connection position in the sample channel in correspondence with each branch channel; (e)
A liquid feeding means that can individually introduce the blood sample introduced into the sample flow path into each of the branch flow paths; and a control unit that drives the liquid feeding means to introduce the blood sample into the branch flow path in response to input of a measurement start signal, and controls the blood sample to be measured in the measurement unit of the introduced branch flow path. A blood analyzer is provided.

In the blood analyzer of the present invention, a plurality of branch channels are attached to a sample channel into which a blood sample is injected, a predetermined measuring section is connected to each branch channel, and the blood sample is independently input to each of these measuring sections. The device is equipped with a liquid feeding means that can be introduced into the blood sample, and is configured such that a liquid sensor can automatically determine whether or not a blood sample can be introduced into the measuring section and perform measurement.

The blood gas measuring section in this invention is connected to the most upstream branch flow path. Thereby, blood gas measurement is performed preferentially compared to other items. Such a blood gas measurement unit is
pH, PCO* and PO3 in the flow channel or flow cell
A configuration with electrodes is suitable.

On the other hand, a blood electrolyte measuring section and/or a blood chemical component measuring section are connected to the other branch channels. For example, when the branch flow path is a ball flow path, the blood gas measuring section is connected to one side as described above, and the blood electrolyte measuring section or the blood chemical component measuring section is connected to the other side. In addition, when the branch flow path is a ball flow path, the blood gas measurement section is connected to the most upstream side, the blood electrolyte measurement section is connected to the subsequent stage, and the blood chemical component measurement section is connected to the subsequent stage. preferable. In addition, when setting more branch flow paths, the first stage and the second stage are
It is preferable to connect the blood gas measuring section and the electrolyte measuring section, and to provide separate blood chemical component measuring sections for each appropriate measurement item in the subsequent branch channels.

Here, as the blood electrolyte measuring section, one in which a potassium ion measuring electrode, a sodium ion measuring electrode, and a chloride ion measuring electrode are arranged in a flow channel or a flow cell is suitable. Further, as the blood chemical component measuring section, one in which a glucose electrode and a BUN (blood urea nitrogen) electrode are arranged in a flow channel or a flow cell is preferable. Note that a liquid sensor, a reference electrode, a cleaning channel, etc. may be appropriately attached to these measurement units.

Various known liquid sensors can be used as the liquid sensor used in this invention, and for example, liquid detection sensors such as a light reflection type, an absorbance type, and a conductivity type can be used.

Further, the liquid feeding means in the present invention can be configured by appropriately combining an air introducing means, a liquid feeding pump, an on-off valve, etc., and by a combination of operations such as driving, stopping, opening/closing, etc., at least the sample flow path can be configured. It is sufficient that the blood sample introduced into the branch channel can be separately introduced into the branch channel.

On the other hand, the control unit in the present invention can be configured using a control circuit or a microcomputer, and for example, is controlled by using the liquid detection output of the liquid sensor as an enable signal, and is connected to a branch flow path into which liquid can be introduced by inputting a measurement start signal. Examples include those configured to introduce a blood sample and execute operations of a measurement unit.

(E) Operation When a sufficient amount of blood sample is injected from the injection part to fill the sample flow path up to the position of the most downstream liquid sensor, all the liquid sensors corresponding to each branch flow path The liquid will be detected.

In this state, the control unit determines that it is possible to introduce the blood sample into all branch channels, and controls the blood sample introduction and measurement to be performed individually for all branch channels by inputting the measurement start signal. Accordingly, blood gases, blood electrolytes, and/or blood chemical components will be measured.

On the other hand, if an insufficient amount of blood sample is injected from the injection part so that it cannot fill the sample flow path up to the position of the most downstream liquid sensor, the liquid sensor will be in the liquid non-detection state and the liquid sensor in the detection state. The control unit then determines that the blood sample can be introduced into the branch channel corresponding to the liquid sensor in the liquid detection state, and controls the blood sample to be introduced and measured by inputting a measurement start signal. Therefore, even if the amount of blood sample is insufficient, measurement items corresponding to the amount of blood sample are automatically set and the measurement is performed.

(f) Embodiment (1) shown in FIG. 1 shows a blood analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the blood analyzer (
1) includes a sample channel 2 extending from the sample injection section 21 to the drain, and three branch channels 3, 4, and 5 branched from this sample channel 2. and the most upstream first
The branch flow path 3 includes a pH electrode, a PCOt electrode and a PO2
A blood gas measuring section 6 consisting of a flow channel in which an eyebrow and a reference electrode are arranged in this order is connected, and the second branch channel 4 has a potassium ion measuring electrode, a sodium ion measuring electrode, and a chloride ion measuring electrode. A blood electrolyte measuring section 7 consisting of a flow channel arranged in this order is connected to the blood electrolyte measuring section 7,
A blood chemical component measuring section 8 is connected to the third branch channel 5, which is a flow channel in which a glucose electrode using an immobilized enzyme and a BUN electrode are arranged in this order. In addition,
Each measurement section 6, 7.8 has a drain channel 61, 71, respectively.
81 are connected to each other, each of the drain passages 71 and 81 is provided with a -direction liquid feeding pump 72 and 73, and the drain passage 61 is provided with a bidirectional liquid feeding pump 62,
A cleaning liquid flow path 63 connected to a cleaning liquid tank 64 via a three-way valve 65 is connected to the subsequent stage. Opening/closing valves d, e, and f are provided before and after each measuring section 6.7.8.

On the other hand, after each branch flow path connection position of the sample flow path 2, a light reflection type liquid sensor 9.1 is installed via on-off valves a, b, and c.
0.11 is attached. Then, the liquid sensor 9 and the second
An air/cleaning liquid supply path I2 connected to the cleaning liquid tank 121 and the air intake device 122 via on-off valves g and h is connected to the connection position of the branch flow path 4, and the liquid sensor l
An on-off valve i is provided between O and the connection position of the third branch flow path 5.

An air/cleaning liquid supply path 13 is connected to the cleaning liquid tank 131 and the air intake device 132 via j. These air/cleaning liquid supply paths 12.13 each independently feed the blood sample introduced into the sample flow path 2 by a combination of switching and driving the on-off valves λ to f and the pumps 62, 72.82. The scales for introducing and transferring the liquid to the branch flow path 3°4.5 and the measuring portions 6, 7.8 constitute the liquid feeding means of the present invention.

On the other hand, numeral 14 in the figure indicates a gB control section of the present invention, which controls the execution of measurement in the measurement sections 6, 7.8, and also controls the on-off valves 1 to j1 pumps 62, 72, 82, and the three-way Valve 6
It is configured by a microcomputer so as to control the driving of 5.

And especially liquid senna 9. It monitors whether the output of IQ, 11 is a liquid detection output, and when a measurement start signal is input from the outside, it independently supplies a blood sample to the branch flow path in front of the liquid sensor whose liquid detection output has been confirmed. The system is configured to switch and drive each on-off valve, pump, and three-way valve so that the blood sample is introduced, and then to start measurement while the introduced blood sample is being supplied to the measuring section. In this embodiment, the manual input of the measurement signal is configured to rinse the operation of the sample injection section 21. Here, a specific configuration of the sample injection section 2I is shown in FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 23 is the lid of the sample injection port 24. With this open as shown by the broken line, a syringe that has collected blood is inserted into the injection port 24 to inject the blood sample.
The switching structure is such that a measurement start signal is input when closing 3.

In this embodiment, each flow path is composed of a stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 0.7H and a polyvinyl chloride plastic tube with an inner diameter of 0.8U and 1.6H, and the flow path from the sample injection part 21 to the liquid sensor 11 is The capacity is approximately 600μQ, and the liquid sensors 9 and 10 each have a capacity of 120μQ from the branch flow path connection position.
, 360μQ downstream.

The operation and operation of such a blood analyzer 1 will be explained below.

First, in the initial setting of deafness, the on-off valve y, b.

C is the release side, on-off valves a, e, f, g, h, t.

j is respectively set to the closing side. By injecting a blood sample from the sample injection part 21 using the syringe from which the blood was collected in this state, the blood sample is introduced into the sample flow path 2 and transferred in the direction of the drain.

Before and after injection, the control unit controls each liquid sensor 9°10.1.
1, and set any measurement item group corresponding to the group sensor whose liquid detection output has been confirmed, that is, at least one of blood gas, blood electrolyte, and blood chemical component, to be measurable. . For example, when the blood sample is filled up to the position of the liquid sensor 11, the liquid sensors 9, 10.
No. 11 is set to be in a liquid detection state, and both blood gas, blood electrolytes, and chemical components being injected can be measured. At this time, the measurable measurement item group is displayed with a lamp or the like on a display analysis (not shown) and notified with a buzzer or the like. on the other hand,
When the tip of the injected blood sample is located between the liquid sensor 10 and the liquid sensor 11, the blood gas and blood electrolytes can be similarly set to be measurable. Furthermore, the tip of the blood sample is the liquid sensor 9! In the case of an under-volume injection, which lies between 0 and 0, only blood gases are set to be measurable.

In this state, by closing the lid part 23 of the sample injection part 21, a measurement start signal is input to the control part 14, and thereby the branch channels corresponding to the measurable measurement item groups are independently and parallelly connected. control the introduction of the blood sample. That is, first, the on-off valves λ, b, and c are each switched to the closed side, and the on-off valves are set on the open side. Regarding the first branch flow path 3, the three-way valve 65 is set to the drain side, the on-off valve d is opened, and the pump 62 is driven in the drain direction to transfer the blood sample into the measurement section 6. Regarding the second branch flow path 4, the on-off valves e and g are open and the on-off valve is closed)
, drives the pump 72 to phase-shift the blood sample into the measuring section 7. Regarding the third branch channel 5, the on-off valves f and i are opened and the on-off valve j is closed, and the pump 82 is driven to transfer the blood sample into the measuring section 8.

Next, the control unit 14 controls the blood sample to be introduced and starts measurement in the chamber measurement unit, calculates the measurement results as appropriate, and displays them on the display unit. Through this series of operations, measurements are performed according to the amount of injected blood sample. Especially when using small blood samples,
It also becomes possible to independently measure the most important blood gases.

Furthermore, since the measurement items are automatically determined based on the amount of blood sample, there is no need to perform cumbersome key operations such as selection of measurement items.

In the apparatus of this example, after the above measurements are performed, the on-off valves a, b, c, and b are on the open side, and the on-off valves e, f are on the open side.
was set to the closed side, on-off valves g, h, t, and j were each set to the closed side, and the three-way valve 65 was set to the flow path 63 side, and the cleaning liquid 64 was introduced into the flow path 2 by the pump 62. The cleaning operation is configured to be performed. Then, after measurement or cleaning, air is introduced into each channel through channels 12 and 13, and residual liquid is removed from the channels.

(G) Effects of the Invention According to the blood analyzer of the present invention, a measurable measurement item group is automatically selected according to the amount of blood sample injected, and the measurement of this item group can be performed without complicated key operations. It can be easily done without having to do it.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of one embodiment of the blood analyzer of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial configuration explanatory diagram of the same. 1...Blood analyzer, 2...Sample channel, 3.4.5...Branch channel, 6...Blood gas measuring section, 7. ...Blood decomposed substance measuring unit, 8...Blood chemical component measuring unit, 9.10.11...Liquid sensor, 12.13...
...Air/cleaning liquid supply path, 14...Control unit,
21...Sample injection part, 22.61, 71.81
...Drain channel, 23... Lid part, 2
4...Sample injection port, 62...Bidirectional liquid feed pump, 63...Cleaning liquid channel, 64.121,131...Cleaning liquid tank, 72. 8
2...One-way liquid pump, 122.132...
...Air intake device, a = h...Opening/closing valve. Diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. (a) A sample flow path extending from the blood sample injection part to the drain; (b) A plurality of branch flow paths each branched from the sample flow path; (c) The most upstream of the sample flow path. a blood gas measurement unit connected to the branch flow path located therein, and a blood electrolyte measurement unit and/or blood chemical component measurement unit connected to another branch flow path; (d) each branch flow in the sample flow path; (e) A plurality of liquid sensors arranged in correspondence with each branch channel on the downstream side of the channel connection position; and (e) the blood sample introduced into the sample channel is individually introduced into each of the branch channels. (f) a liquid feeding means capable of determining a branch channel into which a sample can be introduced based on the liquid detection output of each of the liquid sensors, and introducing the blood sample into the branch channel by inputting a measurement start signal; A blood analyzer comprising: a control unit that drives the means and controls the measurement unit of the introduced branch flow path to perform measurement.