JPH03115544A - Precombustion chamber material for cold and warm forging and its manufacture - Google Patents
Precombustion chamber material for cold and warm forging and its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03115544A JPH03115544A JP1252858A JP25285889A JPH03115544A JP H03115544 A JPH03115544 A JP H03115544A JP 1252858 A JP1252858 A JP 1252858A JP 25285889 A JP25285889 A JP 25285889A JP H03115544 A JPH03115544 A JP H03115544A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cold
- warm forging
- cooling
- precombustion chamber
- oxidation resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000025599 Heat Stress disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、冷間鍛造または温間鍛造によって成形するデ
ィーゼルエンジン予燃焼室のインサート材料とその製造
方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an insert material for a diesel engine pre-combustion chamber formed by cold forging or warm forging, and a method for manufacturing the same.
［従来の技術］
従来、冷間鍛造で成形するディーゼルエンジンの予燃焼
室材料としては特公昭６３−３７１８２号に記載のフェ
ライト・マルテンサイト系耐熱鋼またはオーステナイト
系の５ＵＳ３１０Ｓが使われている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, ferrite-martensitic heat-resistant steel or austenitic 5US310S described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-37182 has been used as a material for a pre-combustion chamber of a diesel engine formed by cold forging.
また精密鋳造で成形するフェライト系予燃焼室材料とし
ては、特公昭５４−１８６４７号、特開昭５６−４１３
５４号、特公昭６２−１７０２１号などに開示される材
料が知られている。In addition, as ferritic precombustion chamber materials molded by precision casting, Japanese Patent Publication No. 18647/1982 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-413
Materials disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 54 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-17021 are known.
特公昭６３−３７１８２号に開示される耐熱鋼は、良好
な耐熱疲労性を有するが、耐酸化性が悪いために使用温
度に限界があった。一方、５ＵＳ３１０Ｓは耐酸化性は
良好であるが、オーステナイト系のため、熱膨張係数が
大きく、熱疲労によりクラックが発生しやすい欠点があ
った。The heat-resistant steel disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-37182 has good heat fatigue resistance, but its poor oxidation resistance limits the temperature at which it can be used. On the other hand, 5US310S has good oxidation resistance, but because it is austenitic, it has a large coefficient of thermal expansion and has the drawback of being prone to cracking due to thermal fatigue.
また、特公昭５４−１８４６４７号、特開昭５６−４１
３５４号および特公昭６２−１７０２１号などはいずれ
も精密鋳造用の材料に関するものであり、冷間鍛造用の
材料としては成形性に問題がある。Also, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-184647, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-41
No. 354 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 17021/1986 are both related to materials for precision casting, and have problems in formability as materials for cold forging.
本発明の目的は、特公昭６３−３７１８２号に開示され
るフェライト・マルテンサイト系耐熱鋼並みの耐熱疲労
性と、オーステナイト系Ｓ［ｌ５３１０Ｓ並みの耐酸化
性を兼備し、かつ冷間または温間鍛造によって成形が可
能な予燃焼室材料を提供することである。The object of the present invention is to have heat fatigue resistance comparable to that of the ferritic-martensitic heat-resistant steel disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-37182, oxidation resistance comparable to austenitic S [15310S], and An object of the present invention is to provide a pre-combustion chamber material that can be formed by forging.
本発明は、重量百分率で、Ｇ Ｏ，０５〜０．５％、Ｓ
ｉＯ，１，−１，５％、Ｍｎ ０．１〜１．０％とＣｒ
を式１８％≦Ｃｒ％−１２，７Ｘ Ｃ％≦２２％を滴定
する範囲で含み、残部は不純物を除き本質的にＦｅより
なることを特徴とする冷・温間鍛造用予燃焼室材料と、
これを熱間加工ｆｉ７００〜１０００℃の温度で１０分
以上保持したのち、急冷することを特徴とするその製造
方法である。The present invention, in weight percentage, G O, 05-0.5%, S
iO,1,-1,5%, Mn 0.1-1.0% and Cr
A pre-combustion chamber material for cold and warm forging, characterized in that it contains the formula 18%≦Cr%-12,7X C%≦22% in a titrating range, and the remainder consists essentially of Fe excluding impurities. ,
This manufacturing method is characterized by holding this at a hot working temperature of 700 to 1000° C. for 10 minutes or more, and then rapidly cooling it.
本発明の成分の限定理由を下記に説明する。 The reasons for limiting the components of the present invention will be explained below.
本発明において、ＣはＣｒと結びついてＭ、、Ｃ。In the present invention, C is combined with Cr to form M,,C.
型の炭化物を生成し、そのピニング効果によりフェライ
ト結晶粒を微細化する作用があるので、最低０４０５％
は必要であるが、０．５％を越えると炭化物を過度に生
成し、冷・温間鍛造性を害するので、０．０５〜０．５
％の範囲に限定する。It generates type carbide and has the effect of refining the ferrite crystal grains due to its pinning effect, so the minimum
is necessary, but if it exceeds 0.5%, it will generate excessive carbides and impair cold and warm forgeability, so 0.05 to 0.5
% range.
ＳＬは脱酸剤として作用する他に、耐酸化性を高める効
果もあるので、最低０．１％は必要であるが、１．５％
を越えると材料が脆化するので０．１〜１．５％に限定
する。In addition to acting as a deoxidizing agent, SL also has the effect of increasing oxidation resistance, so a minimum of 0.1% is required, but 1.5%
If the content exceeds 0.1% to 1.5%, the material becomes brittle, so it is limited to 0.1% to 1.5%.
Ｍｎは脱酸剤としての作用があり、最低０．１％は必要
であるが、１．０％を越えると耐酸化性を劣化させるの
で０．１〜１．０％に限定する。Mn acts as a deoxidizing agent and is required at least 0.1%, but if it exceeds 1.0%, the oxidation resistance deteriorates, so it is limited to 0.1 to 1.0%.
Ｃｒは低熱膨張のフェライト組織を安定化させて良好な
熱疲労強度を付与し、また耐酸化性を高めるために不可
欠の元素である。しかし、耐酸化性はＣｒ含有量単独で
決まるのではなく、Ｍ、、Ｃ。Cr is an essential element for stabilizing the ferrite structure with low thermal expansion, imparting good thermal fatigue strength, and increasing oxidation resistance. However, oxidation resistance is not determined by the Cr content alone, but by M,,C.
炭化物として固定されたＣｒを除いたフェライトマトリ
ックス（マトリックスとは基地のことである）中のＣｒ
含有量が重要であることを見出したのが本発明の一つの
特徴である。したがって、Ｍ。Cr in the ferrite matrix (matrix is the base) excluding Cr fixed as carbide
One of the features of the present invention is the discovery that the content is important. Therefore, M.
Ｃ１とじてＣに固定される分を除いた残りのＣｒ量を規
定する必要がある。Ｍ、、Ｃ，炭化物中のＣ量に対する
Ｃｒ量の比Ｃｒ％／Ｃ％は約１２．７であるのでＣｒ量
の下限は、
１８％≦Ｃｒ％−１２．７Ｘ ０％
と規定した。It is necessary to define the amount of Cr remaining after excluding the amount fixed to C as C1. Since the ratio Cr%/C% of the amount of Cr to the amount of C in the carbide is about 12.7, the lower limit of the amount of Cr is defined as 18%≦Cr%−12.7×0%.
一方、フェライトマトリックス中のＣｒ量が多くなり過
ぎると、使用中にσ相が生成し強度、延性が低下するの
で、これを防ぐために、Ｃｒ量の上限は、
Ｃｒ％−１２，７Ｘ Ｃ％≦２２％
と規定した。On the other hand, if the amount of Cr in the ferrite matrix becomes too large, σ phase will be generated during use, resulting in a decrease in strength and ductility. To prevent this, the upper limit of the amount of Cr is Cr%-12,7X C%≦ It was set at 22%.
また、本発明材料は高Ｃｒフェライト系鋼であり、冷間
または温間鍛造による成形が可能となるように軟化する
ためには、フェライト領域の７００〜１０００℃で１０
分以上加熱したのち、急冷する焼鈍を施すことが要求さ
れる。なお、急冷とは水冷、油冷をいう。この温度が７
００℃より低いと軟化効果が緩慢なため、長時間の保持
を要し、また１ｏｏｏ℃を越えるとオーステナイトが生
成して逆に硬化する可能性がある。また加熱保持時間は
実質的な軟化効果を生ずるために、１０分以上が必要で
ある。In addition, the present invention material is a high Cr ferritic steel, and in order to soften it so that it can be formed by cold or warm forging, it is necessary to
It is required to perform annealing by heating for more than a minute and then rapidly cooling. Note that quenching refers to water cooling and oil cooling. This temperature is 7
If the temperature is lower than 00°C, the softening effect will be slow and it will be necessary to hold it for a long time, and if it exceeds 100°C, austenite may be formed and hardening may occur. Further, the heating and holding time is required to be 10 minutes or more in order to produce a substantial softening effect.
加熱保持後の冷却が徐冷であると約５００℃以下の冷却
過程でマトリックスであるフェライト相がαＦｅとαＣ
ｒに分解し、脆化するので、冷却は急冷であることが必
要である。If the cooling after heating and holding is slow cooling, the ferrite phase that is the matrix will change into αFe and αC during the cooling process below about 500°C.
Since it decomposes into r and becomes brittle, it is necessary to cool it rapidly.
実施例１
大気中で、溶解により第１表に示す鋼の１０ｋｇインゴ
ットを溶製し、このインゴットから２５ｍｍ角の棒材を
鍛伸した。この棒材に８５０℃Ｘ２ｈ保持後水冷なる焼
鈍を施した。第１表でＮｏ、３１〜３４は本発明材料Ｎ
ｏ、２１〜２４は比較材料である。Example 1 A 10 kg ingot of the steel shown in Table 1 was melted in the atmosphere, and a 25 mm square bar was forged and drawn from this ingot. This bar was annealed by holding it at 850° C. for 2 hours and then cooling with water. In Table 1, No. 31 to 34 are materials of the present invention.
o, 21 to 24 are comparative materials.
第
■
表
第
表
（重量％）
一方、第２表に示す組成の２２ｍｍφの市販合金を準備
し、これに所定の熱処理を施した。Table 1 (% by weight) On the other hand, a commercially available alloy having a diameter of 22 mm having the composition shown in Table 2 was prepared and subjected to a prescribed heat treatment.
第２表でＮ００１は特公昭６３−３７１８２号にて提案
された材料、Ｎｏ、２は５ＵＳ３１０Ｓである。In Table 2, No. 001 is the material proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-37182, and No. 2 is 5US310S.
第１表および第２表の材料から試料を切り出し、熱疲労
試験と耐酸化試験を行なった。熱疲労試験は、８ＭφＸ
２４ｍｍの平行部をもつ全長１７０ｍｍの試験片の両端
を固定し、誘導加熱によって平行部を９００℃に２分間
で加熱し、６分間保持したのち、４分間放冷するサイク
ルを繰返し、試験片が破断するまでの回数を求めた。一
方、耐酸化性試験は、１０薗φＸ２０Ｍ長さの各２ケ宛
の試験片を１０００℃で２００時間加熱後、スケールを
除去して平均減量を求めた。Samples were cut out from the materials shown in Tables 1 and 2 and subjected to thermal fatigue tests and oxidation resistance tests. Thermal fatigue test is 8MφX
Both ends of a test piece with a total length of 170 mm and a parallel part of 24 mm were fixed, and the parallel part was heated to 900°C for 2 minutes by induction heating, held for 6 minutes, and left to cool for 4 minutes.The test piece was The number of times it took to break was determined. On the other hand, in the oxidation resistance test, two test pieces each measuring 10 meters in diameter and 20 meters in length were heated at 1000° C. for 200 hours, scales were removed, and the average weight loss was determined.
第
表
第３表に熱疲労試験における破断回数と、酸化減量を示
すが、本発明材料は従来材料Ｎｏ、１（特公昭６３−３
７１８２号）と比べ、耐熱疲労性は同等で耐酸化性が格
段に優れ、また従来材料Ｎｏ、２（ＳＵＳ３１０Ｓ）と
比較すると、耐熱疲労性は約１．５倍で、耐酸化性もや
や優れていることがわかる。一方比較材料は、耐熱疲労
性は本発明材料と同等だが、耐酸化性が劣っている。特
に、Ｎｏ、２４の材料は本発明材料Ｎｏ、３１より高い
Ｃｒｆｉを含むにも係わらず、耐酸化性は劣っている。Table 3 shows the number of fractures in the thermal fatigue test and the oxidation loss.
7182), the thermal fatigue resistance is the same and the oxidation resistance is much better. Also, compared to the conventional material No. 2 (SUS310S), the thermal fatigue resistance is about 1.5 times higher, and the oxidation resistance is also slightly better. It can be seen that On the other hand, the comparative material has thermal fatigue resistance equivalent to that of the present invention material, but is inferior in oxidation resistance. In particular, although the material No. 24 contains higher Crfi than the present invention materials No. 31, its oxidation resistance is inferior.
これは、耐酸化性がＣｒ単独の含有量によって決まるの
ではなく、Ｃ含有量との相互関係が重要であるという本
発明の主張を裏付けている。This supports the claim of the present invention that oxidation resistance is not determined by the content of Cr alone, but that the interaction with the C content is important.
実施例２
第１表に示した本発明材料Ｎｏ、３１〜３４の鍛伸棒材
に８５０℃Ｘ２ｈ保持後水冷する本発明の製造方法に適
合する焼鈍を施して引張特性、硬さ、変態点を測定した
６結果を第４表に示す。Example 2 Forged and drawn bars of the present invention materials No. 31 to 34 shown in Table 1 were annealed according to the production method of the present invention by holding at 850°C for 2 hours and then water cooling to determine tensile properties, hardness, and transformation point. The results of the six measurements are shown in Table 4.
第
４
表
第４表から、本発明材料は本発明の製造方法を適用する
ことにより、ＨＶ ２００以下の低硬度で２５％以上の
伸びを有し、良好な冷・温間鍛造性をもつことがわかる
。なお、オーステナイト変態点はいずれも１０００℃以
上であり、１０００℃まではフェライト組織が安定であ
ることもわかる。このことは本発明製造方法における加
熱保持温度の上限を１０００℃としたことの妥当性を示
している。Table 4 From Table 4, it can be seen that by applying the manufacturing method of the present invention, the material of the present invention has a low hardness of HV 200 or less, an elongation of 25% or more, and good cold/warm forgeability. I understand. Note that the austenite transformation points are all 1000°C or higher, and it can be seen that the ferrite structure is stable up to 1000°C. This shows the validity of setting the upper limit of the heating holding temperature in the manufacturing method of the present invention to 1000°C.
本発明によれば、従来不十分であった冷・温間鍛造用予
燃焼室材料の耐酸化性と耐熱疲労性を大幅に向上し、予
燃焼室の温度を高めることができるので、エンジンの性
能を向上することが可能となり、またＮＯｘ公害の低減
にも効果がある。According to the present invention, the oxidation resistance and thermal fatigue resistance of the precombustion chamber material for cold and warm forging, which were previously insufficient, can be significantly improved, and the temperature of the precombustion chamber can be increased, so that the engine This makes it possible to improve performance and is also effective in reducing NOx pollution.
Claims (1)
〜１．５％、Ｍｎ０．１〜１．０％とＣｒを式１８％≦
Ｃｒ％−１２．７×Ｃ％≦２２％を満足する範囲で含み
、残部は不純物を除き本質的にＦｅよりなることを特徴
とする冷・温間鍛造用予燃焼室材料。 ２ 請求項１に記載の耐熱鋼を熱間加工後７００〜１０
００℃の温度で１０分以上保持したのち、急冷すること
を特徴とする冷・温間鍛造用予燃焼室材料の製造方法。[Claims] 1. In weight percentage, C0.05-0.5%, Si0.1
~1.5%, Mn0.1~1.0% and Cr in the formula 18%≦
A pre-combustion chamber material for cold/warm forging, characterized in that it contains Cr%-12.7×C%≦22% within a range that satisfies Cr%-12.7×C%≦22%, and the remainder consists essentially of Fe excluding impurities. 2 700-10 after hot working the heat-resistant steel according to claim 1
A method for manufacturing a pre-combustion chamber material for cold/warm forging, characterized by holding the temperature at 00°C for 10 minutes or more and then rapidly cooling it.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1252858A JPH03115544A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1989-09-28 | Precombustion chamber material for cold and warm forging and its manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1252858A JPH03115544A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1989-09-28 | Precombustion chamber material for cold and warm forging and its manufacture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03115544A true JPH03115544A (en) | 1991-05-16 |
Family
ID=17243152
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1252858A Pending JPH03115544A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1989-09-28 | Precombustion chamber material for cold and warm forging and its manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03115544A (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-09-28 JP JP1252858A patent/JPH03115544A/en active Pending
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