JPH0311084Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a disc-type braking device for a multi-wheel vehicle for traveling on rough terrain, which is equipped with an axle housing containing an axle.

Prior Art In conventional multi-wheel vehicles for driving on rough terrain,
As described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-47443, the axle is sealed with an axle housing, and the disc-type braking device is also sealed to prevent flying stones, dirt, and debris when driving on rough terrain.
It protected the axles and braking equipment from muddy water.

Problems to be Solved In the multi-wheeled vehicle for traveling on rough terrain described in the above-mentioned publication, the differential gear chamber casing and the axle tube that seal the axle are divided into multiple parts along the longitudinal direction, and these are separated by bolts. Since the casing and axle tube are interconnected, their bending rigidity and strength are low, and in order to withstand the large bending moment caused by ground running reaction forces, it is necessary to thicken the walls of the casing and axle cylinder, resulting in an increase in size and weight. was unavoidable.

In addition, in the above-mentioned known traveling vehicle, since a part of the disc type braking device is located inside the wheel,
When performing maintenance on this braking device, the wheels must be removed or the axle cylinder must be disassembled, and these operations cannot be performed efficiently and easily.

Furthermore, when attempting to install a steering system on the wheels of the above-mentioned known traveling vehicle, king pins, nutacles, etc. must be placed within the rims of the wheels, which inevitably leads to multiple structures and larger wheels. Ta.

Means and Effects for Solving the Problems The present invention relates to an improvement of a disc-type braking device for a multi-wheeled vehicle that overcomes the above-mentioned difficulties, and the present invention relates to an improvement of a disc-type braking device for a multi-wheeled vehicle that overcomes the above-mentioned difficulties. In a multi-wheeled vehicle that is split along a cross-section, a brake disc is integrally attached to the axle at a location away from the wheels toward the center of the vehicle body width, and a brake disc housing portion for accommodating the brake disc is mounted on the axle. It is formed integrally with the axle housing, and a part of the brake disc accommodating part corresponding to the radial outer circumference of the brake disc is opened, and the brake cassopper is made to face into the axle housing from the opening and can hold the brake disc. It is characterized in that it is attached to the brake disc accommodating portion.

In the present invention, the axle housing is divided along the plane along the axle, and the brake disc accommodating portion for accommodating the brake disc is integrally formed in the housing, so that the axle to which the brake disc is integrally attached can be placed inside the axle housing. The bending rigidity and bending strength of the axle housing can be greatly increased.

Further, in the present invention, a part of the brake disc accommodating portion corresponding to the outer periphery of the brake disc in the radial direction is opened, and the brake caliper is exposed from the opening into the axle housing, so that the brake disc can be clamped. Since it is attached to the housing part, the disc-type braking device can be assembled very easily, and the axle, brake disc, and caliper can be protected from flying stones and the like.

Furthermore, in this invention, the brake disc housing and the caliper are located at a location farther away from the wheels toward the center of the vehicle body width, so the steering system can be easily located within the center space of the wheel rim and the space closer to the center of the vehicle body width. As a result, it is possible to avoid increasing the size and weight of the wheels.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention illustrated in the drawings will be described below.

Overall structure 1 is a straddle-type four-wheeled vehicle which is an embodiment of the present invention, in which a seat 2 similar to a motorcycle is disposed in the center of the vehicle 1, and a body cover 3 is arranged around the seat 2. A step 4, a front fender 5, and a rear fender 6 are integrally formed on the body cover 3.

Further, the traveling vehicle is provided with front wheels 7 and rear wheels 8 equipped with low-pressure tires on both the front left and right sides and the rear left and right sides, respectively. As the vehicle is operated, the vehicle is steered left and right in conjunction with each other, and the vehicle is driven by all-wheel drive using the power from the power plant 20.

Vehicle Body Frame Further, the vehicle body frame 10 of the traveling vehicle 1 is constructed like a normal motorcycle. That is, the vehicle body frame 10 includes a head pipe 11, a backbone tube 12 whose front end is integrally fixed to the head pipe 11, and which extends rearward.
A pair of left and right side pipes 13 whose front ends are integrally fixed to both sides of the backbone tube 12 and which extend rearward and whose rear portions are curved downward.
and a pair of left and right rear stays 14 whose front ends are fixed to the curved portion of the side pipe 13 and extend rearward.
and a down tube 15 which is curved downward and whose front end is fixed to the head pipe 11, whose middle part is fixed to the lower end of the side pipe 13, and whose rear end is fixed to the rear stay 14.
The joints between the backbone tube 12 and the front portion of the down tube 15 are strongly reinforced with a gusset 16.

Power Transmission System and Suspension System Furthermore, the power device 20 includes a horizontally opposed water-cooled two-cylinder gasoline engine 21 having cylinders 22 and 23 oriented in the front-rear direction, and the engine 21
The engine 21 consists of a belt transmission 25 placed on the right side of the engine and a transmission 27, and the engine 21 is mounted on a rubber mount 17 on the down tube 15 of the body frame 10.
a, and the engine 21
The power obtained is continuously variable by a belt transmission 25, and the clutch is automatically engaged and disengaged, and the transmission 27 is configured to switch to three forward speeds, neutral, and one reverse speed.

Therefore, the belt transmission 25 and the transmission 2
The casings 26 and 28 of No. 7 are integrally formed and pivoted to the output shaft 24 so as to be able to swing up and down about the engine output shaft 24, and a rear axle case is provided at the rear of the casings 26 and 28. A rear axle housing 50 is integrally fixed to the engine output shaft 2 on the right side of the engine 21, as shown in FIG.
The rear axle housing 50 is also fixed to the tip of a rear fork 51 which is pivotally supported to be able to swing up and down about 4, and thus the rear axle housing 50 is able to swing up and down about the engine output shaft 24 which is oriented in the left and right horizontal directions. It is supported by a trailing arm.

Also, as shown in FIG.
An output shaft (not shown) is connected to a gear box 31 of a rear differential 30 via a gear 29.
1, a pair of differential small gears 32a, 32b and a pair of differential large gears 33a, 33b are pivotally connected in a mutually meshed state, and rear axles 34a, 34b are integrated with the differential large gears 33a, 33b. The rear wheels 8a, 8 are fixed to the outer ends of the rear axles 34a, 34b, respectively.
b are connected, and the power of the power device 20 is differentially applied to the left and right rear wheels 8a, 8 via a rear differential device 30.
b.

Furthermore, rubber mount 1 on down tube 15
A front axle tilting shaft 53 is fitted through 7b, and a sleeve 54 is rotatably fitted to the tilting shaft 53.
The proximal ends of the front power transmission case 55 and the front fork 56 are integrally fixed to the sleeve 54, and the front ends of the front power transmission case 55 and the front fork 56 have two upper and lower ends in a plane along the front axle 47. It is integrally fixed to the divided front axle housing 52.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a power unit 2 is connected to a cross member 18 that integrally connects a pair of left and right rear stays 14 through a rear shock absorber 57.
0 transmission casing 28 is suspended, and a connecting member 59 integral with the front axle housing 52 and front forks 56 is suspended from the gusset 16 at the front of the vehicle body frame 10 via a front shock absorber 58. The front axle housing 52 is supported by a leading arm so as to be swingable up and down about a front axle tilting shaft 53 oriented in the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rear end of the rear transmission shaft 36 is connected to the gear box 31 of the rear differential 30 via the bevel gear 35.
A spline 37a is interposed in the rear transmission shaft 36, and the rear end of a central transmission shaft 39 is connected to the front end of the rear transmission shaft 36 via a constant velocity joint 38a. through engine 2
1, a front transmission shaft 41 is loosely fitted into the front power transmission case 55, and the rear end of the front transmission shaft 41 is connected to the front end of the central transmission shaft 39 via a constant velocity joint 38b. and the front transmission shaft 41
A spline 37b is interposed in the front transmission shaft 4.
The front end of the front differential gear 43 is connected to a gear box 44 of a front differential gear 43 via a bevel gear 42, and the front differential gear 43 is configured similarly to the rear differential gear 30, and includes a pair of differential small gears 45a, The front axle 4 is attached to differential large gears 46a and 46b which are pivotally connected in a mutually meshing state with 45b.
7a and 47b are fixed together, and the same front axle 47
a, 47b are connected to the front wheels 7a, 7b, respectively, and part of the power transmitted to the rear differential gear 30 is transmitted via these transmission shafts 36, 39, 41 and the front differential gear 43. Differentially front wheels 7a, 7
b.

The axle housing 52 is divided into upper and lower halves, an upper axle housing 52a and a lower axle housing 52b, and the front axle housings 52a, 5 are screwed together with bolts and nuts (not shown) at the positions of holes 52c in the flange portion formed on the mating surfaces of the axle housing 52.
2b are adapted to be integrally connected to each other.

Further, braking devices having the same structure are provided on the upper and lower front axles 47a and 47b. As for the left and right braking devices, only the left braking device will be described below because they have the same structure, with brake discs 60a and 60b integrally attached to the left and right front axles 47a and 47b, respectively. A brake disc accommodating portion 7 is provided in the front axle housings 52a, 52b to accommodate the brake disc 60a.
3 is formed, and openings are provided at the upper part of the brake disc housing portions 73a ₁ and 73a ₂ of the upper axle housing 52a, and the brake caliper 61a is inserted into the housing portions 73a ₁ and 73a 2 of the front axle housing 52a so as to sandwich the brake disc 60a therebetween. It is inserted into the accommodating parts 73a ₁ and 73b ₂ through the opening of 73a ₂ , and the accommodating parts 73
It is detachably attached to a ₁ and 73a ₂ via bolts 72a ₁ and 72a ₂ .

In addition, the brake carrier 61a has an opposing receiving piece 6.
3a, a pair of cylinders 65a', 65a2 formed integrally with the main body 62a, and pistons _64a1 , _64a1 , which are slidably inserted in the cylinders 65a1, _{65a2, respectively} .
64a ₂ and a pair of butt members 66a ₁ and 66a ₂ , and the caliper main body 62a is detachably attached via guide rods 71a ₁ and 71a _2, respectively. A brake disc 60a fixed to the front axle 47a is compressed between a pair of butt members 66a ₁ and 66a ₂ by pistons 64a ₁ and 64a ₂ operated by pressure oil supply.

Furthermore, in _the butt members 66a ₁ , 66a _{2 ,} linings 67a ₁ , 67a ₂ with a high metal content that is less prone to fading are integrally fixed to the inner surfaces of the retaining plates 98a ₁ , 68a ₂ . Heat insulating plates 69a ₁ , 69a ₂ and retainers 70a ₁ ,
70a ₂ is attached, and retaining plates 68a 1 , 6 are attached to the same heat insulating plates 69a ₁ , 69a ₂ and retainers _{70a 1} , 70a ₂ .
It is installed integrally with 8a ₂ .

Since the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is constructed as described above, the cylinders 65a ₁ ,
When pressure oil is supplied to 65a ₂ , the pistons 64a ₁ ,
_64a2 is projected, and the brake disc 60a is strongly pressed between the pair of butt parts, and the butt member 66
The left front wheel _7a is braked by the frictional force acting between the linings 67a ₁ , 67a 2 of _{a 1} , 66a ₂ and the brake disc 60a, and the right braking device is also controlled by the pressure oil supply. Therefore, it operates in the same manner and the right front wheel 7b is braked.

Steering System A steering system 78 is fitted into the head pipe 11 of the vehicle body frame 10 so as to be able to swing from side to side.A rod-shaped handle 9 is integrally attached to the upper end of the steering system 78, and a steering system 78 is attached to the lower end of the steering system 78. lever 79
is integrally attached, and the front part 79 of the same lever 79
A is connected to a knuckle arm 83 via a ball joint 80, a front tie rod 81, and a ball joint 82, and the knuckle arm 83 is integrally attached to a front knuckle 84.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, at both ends of the front axle housing 52, a king pin fitting recess 52d and a bearing fitting cylindrical part 52e are formed in the upper axle housing 52a and the lower axle housing 52b. King pin fitting recess 52d
The king pin 85 of the front knuckle 84 is fitted into the front knuckle 84, and the front knuckle 84 is fitted into the bearing fitting cylinder portion 52e via a bearing 86. , the front knuckle 84 is designed to be able to swing left and right.

Furthermore, front wheel shafts 75a, 75b are connected to each outer end of the left and right front axles 47a, 47b via constant velocity joints 74a, 74b, and the front wheel shafts 75a, 75b are rotatably supported on a front knuckle 84. and the front wheel shafts 75a, 75b
Front wheels 7a and 7b are integrally attached to the front wheels 7a and 7b.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, both ends of the rear axle housing 50 are formed in the same manner as the front axle housing 52, and the rear knuckles 99a, 99b are also shaped like the front knuckles 84.
The rear knuckles 99a, 99 are formed similarly to the front knuckles 84a, 84b.
b can also be swung left and right.

Furthermore, rear wheel shafts 77a, 77b are connected to the respective outer ends of the left and right rear axles 34a, 34b via constant velocity joints 76a, 76b, and the rear wheel shafts 77a, 77b are rotatably pivoted to rear knuckles 99a, 99b. The rear wheel shafts 77a, 7
Rear wheels 8a and 8b are integrally attached to 7b.

Further, the front end of a steering rod 88 is pivotally connected to the side piece 79b of the steering lever 79 via a ball joint 80, and is attached to one end of a bell crank 90 pivotally supported by the engine 21 via a ball joint 89. The rear end of the steering rod 88 is pivotally connected to the bell crank 90, and the other end of the bell crank 90 is connected to the right rear knuckle arm 9 via a ball joint 91, a rear tie rod 92, and a ball joint 93.
The rear part 94b of the right rear knuckle arm 94 is connected to the left rear knuckle arm 98 via a ball joint 95, a connecting rod and a ball joint 97.

Further, the right rear knuckle arm 94 and the left rear knuckle arm 98 are integrally connected to a right rear knuckle 99a and a left rear knuckle 99b, respectively.

Engine supply and exhaust system As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, back bone tube 1 in the vehicle body frame 10
An air intake port 101 is formed on the front upper surface of the air cleaner 100 , a rubber air intake duct 102 is fitted into the air intake port 101 , and an air cleaner 100 is connected to the rear end of the back bone tube 12 via a rubber connecting tube 103 .
The intake port of the air cleaner 100 is connected to the communication pipe 104, and the front and rear carburetors 105a, 10 are connected to the exhaust port of the air cleaner 100.
5b and intake ports (not shown) of the front and rear cylinders 22 and 23, respectively, through intake pipes 106a and 106b.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust ports (not shown) of the front and rear cylinders 22, 23 are connected to the exhaust pipe 1
It is connected to the exhaust muffler 108 via 07a and 107b.

Other Auxiliary Equipment As shown in FIG. 2, a fuel tank 109 is provided below the front of the seat 2, a storage battery 110 is provided approximately above the rear carburetor 105b, and a fuel tank 110 is provided approximately above the rear carburetor 105b. A headlight 111 and a radiator 112 are installed vertically in the front, and the radiator 112 is connected to the engine 21 via a water hose 113.

Since the illustrated embodiment is constructed as described above, it can achieve the following effects.

The front wheel 7 and the rear wheel 8 are each equipped with a low-pressure tire, and the front axle 47 and the rear axle 34 connected to the front wheel 7 and the rear wheel 8, respectively, are rotated by an integral front axle housing 52 and a rear axle housing 50, respectively. The front axle housing 52 is supported by a front power transmission case 55 and a front fork 56 so as to be able to swing up and down about a front axle tilting shaft 53. The rear axle housing 50 is supported by the frame 10 , and further supported by the belt transmission casing 26 and the rear fork 51 so as to be able to swing up and down about the engine output shaft 24 , and is also supported by the vehicle body frame 10 by the rear shock absorber 57 . Therefore, the vertical impact load applied to the vehicle when traveling on rough terrain is absorbed by the low-pressure tires and shock absorbers 57, 58, and the vehicle can run stably.

Furthermore, in the saddle-mounted four-wheel vehicle 1, the front axle 47 and the rear axle 34 move up and down while maintaining parallelism, and even though they cannot relatively tilt to the left or right, they move as the vehicle travels on rough terrain. The torsional load centered on the longitudinal direction is absorbed by the low-pressure tires, and the vehicle can run with the front, rear, left and right wheels 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b all in contact with the running surface.

Further, since the front axle 47 and the rear axle 34 can move up and down while maintaining parallelism with each other, rear shock absorbers 5 are integrated at the front and rear, respectively.
8, 57, and the brake disc 60 and brake caliper 61 are placed near the center of the vehicle body width, and the steering system 78 is connected to the wheels 7a, 7.
It can be easily arranged in the rim space of rims b, 8a, 8b and the space near the center of the vehicle body width, and as a result, the vehicle body width can be narrowed. Moreover, the power transmission belt actuator casing 26 to the rear wheel 8
is used as a support member for the rear axle 34 and the front wheel 7
Since the front power transmission case 55 of the power transmission system is used as a support member for the front axle 47, the suspension of the cable can be rationally simplified. It becomes possible to reduce the size and weight.

Furthermore, since all the wheels 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b are rotatably driven by receiving power from the power unit 20, it is possible to reliably run on uneven ground such as muddy soil, which has high running resistance and a small ground friction coefficient. can.

In addition, the driver rides the vehicle by straddling the seat 2 in the center of the vehicle, puts his feet on the step 4, and grasps the bar-like handlebar 9 to steer the vehicle. , and can run in a stable posture.

Furthermore, all wheels 7a, 7b, 8a, 8 on the front, rear, left and right sides
b is rotated by steering the rod-shaped handle 9,
In addition, since it is rotationally driven differentially by the differential devices 30 and 43, maneuverability is good.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the bending rigidity and strength of the axle housing can be greatly increased, so that an increase in the size and weight of the axle housing can be avoided.

In addition, in the present invention, the brake caliper is inserted into the outer circumferential opening of the brake disc housing part integrated in the axle housing at a location away from the wheels toward the center of the vehicle body width, and is attached to the brake disc housing part. It is possible to simplify the assembly of devices, steering, etc., and also to easily perform maintenance of these braking devices, steering, etc., and to protect the axle, brake disc, and caliper from flying stones, etc., and to prevent damage. It is possible to drive smoothly on rough ground such as leveled ground or sandy land without any obstacles, and the steering system can be easily installed in the center space of the wheel rim and the space near the center of the vehicle body width, so the axle It is possible to avoid an increase in the size and weight of not only the housing but also the wheels, making it possible to reduce the size and weight of the entire vehicle.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a straddle-type four-wheel vehicle equipped with a disc-type braking device for a multi-wheel vehicle according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view illustrating power transmission of a straddle-type four-wheeled vehicle.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional side view thereof, Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional front view illustrating its front wheel support structure, Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional front view illustrating an embodiment of the disc-type braking device according to the present invention, and Fig. 8 7 is a vertical sectional side view taken along the line - in FIG. 7. FIG. 1...Saddle four-wheel vehicle, 2...Seat, 3
...Body cover, 4...Step, 5...Front fender, 6...Rear fender, 7...
...Front wheel, 8...Rear wheel, 9...Bar-shaped handle,
10...Vehicle frame, 11...Head pipe,
12...back bone tube, 13 side pipe, 14...rear stay, 15...down tube, 16...gusset, 17...rubber mount, 18...cross member, 20...power unit, 21...gasoline engine , 22, 23...
cylinder, 24... engine output shaft, 25... transmission, 26... casing, 27... transmission, 2
8... Casing, 29... Gear, 30... Rear differential gear, 31... Gear box, 32... Differential small gear,
33... Differential large gear, 34... Rear axle, 35...
Bevel gear, 36... Rear transmission shaft, 37... Spline, 38... Constant velocity joint, 39... Central transmission shaft, 4
0... Bearing, 41... Front transmission shaft, 42... Bevel gear, 43... Front differential, 44... Gear box, 45
... Differential small gear, 46 ... Differential large gear, 47 ...
Front axle, 50... Rear axle housing, 51... Rear fork, 52... Front axle housing, 53...
...Front axle tilting axis, 54...Sleeve, 55...Front power transmission case, 56...Front fork, 5
7... Rear shock absorber, 58... Front shock absorber, 59... Connection member, 60... Brake disc, 61... Brake caliper, 62... Caliper body, 6
3... Opposing receiving piece, 64... Piston, 65... Cylinder, 66... Pad member, 67... Lining, 68... Holding plate, 69... Heat insulating plate, 70...
... Retainer, 71 ... Guide rod, 72 ... Bolt, 73 ... Accommodation section, 74 ... Constant velocity joint, 75 ...
...Front wheel shaft, 76... Constant velocity joint, 77...
Rear wheel shaft, 78... Steering system, 79... Steering lever, 80... Ball joint, 81... Front tie rod, 82... Ball joint, 83... Knuckle arm,
84...Mae Natsukuru, 85...Kingpin, 86
... Bearing, 87 ... Ball joint, 88 ... Steering rod, 89 ... Ball joint, 90 ... Bell crank, 9
1...Ball joint, 92...Rear tie rod, 93...
Ball joint, 94...right rear knuckle arm, 95...
...Ball joint, 96...Connection rod, 97...Ball joint, 98...Left rear knuckle arm, 99...Rear knuckle, 100...Air cleaner, 101...
Intake port, 102...Intake duct, 103...Rubber connecting tube, 104...Communication pipe, 105...
Front and rear carburetors, 106...Intake pipe, 107...Exhaust pipe, 108...Exhaust muffler, 109...Fuel tank, 110...Storage battery, 111...Headlight, 112...Radiator, 113...Water hose.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a multi-wheeled vehicle in which an axle housing containing an axle for driving the wheels is divided along a plane along the axle, a brake disc is integrally attached to the axle at a location away from the wheels toward the center of the vehicle body width. At the same time, a brake disc accommodating part for accommodating the brake disc is integrally formed with the axle housing, a part of the brake disc accommodating part corresponding to the radial outer circumference of the brake disc is opened, and the brake caliper is inserted into the opening. 1. A disc-type braking device for a multi-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that the brake disc is mounted in the brake disc housing part so as to be able to be held therein, and facing into the axle housing.