JPH03109523A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03109523A JPH03109523A JP1248555A JP24855589A JPH03109523A JP H03109523 A JPH03109523 A JP H03109523A JP 1248555 A JP1248555 A JP 1248555A JP 24855589 A JP24855589 A JP 24855589A JP H03109523 A JPH03109523 A JP H03109523A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- sheet
- display element
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polystyrene Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は液晶表示素子に関し、特に視野角の改良された
液晶表示素子に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display element with an improved viewing angle.
［従来の技術］
液晶表示パネルは用途が益々拡大しており、最近白黒Ｓ
Ｔ Ｎ （Ｓｕｐｅｒ Ｔｗｉｓｔｅｄ Ｎｅｍａｔ
ｉｃ）型液晶表示パネルが開発されている。この表示パ
ネルにおいては、着色の原因となる液晶固有の複屈折を
液晶セルと偏向板の間に挿入された光学位相差素子によ
り補償することで無彩色化が図られている。[Conventional technology] The applications of liquid crystal display panels are expanding more and more, and recently monochrome S
T N (Super Twisted Nemat
IC) type liquid crystal display panels have been developed. In this display panel, achromatic coloring is achieved by compensating for the inherent birefringence of the liquid crystal, which causes coloration, with an optical retardation element inserted between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate.
この方法の一つに駆動用液晶セルと同じＳＴＮ型液晶セ
ルを光学位相差素子として用いる方法があり、商品化さ
れている。またＳＴＮ型液晶セルと固有複屈折値が同符
号、すなわち正であるポリカーボネート樹脂やポリビニ
ルアルコール樹脂の異方性配向フィルムまたはシートを
光学位相差素子とする液晶表示パネル（ＦＴＮ型液晶表
示パネル）が検討されている。これにより表示パネルの
軽量化、光線透過率の向上が図られる（ＮＩＫＫＥＩ
ＭＩＣＲＯＤＥＶＩＣＥＳ １０．ＰＰ、５４〜５７
（１９８８）） 、更に２枚以上の固有複屈折値が正で
あるポリカーボネート樹脂やポリビニルアルコール樹脂
の異方性配向フィルムまたはシートを面内の屈折率楕円
の長軸方向が互に交差するように重ね合わせた光学位相
差素子を使用した液晶表示パネルが提案されている。し
かしながら、従来の液晶表示素子には光の入射角による
光路差の変化が大きいという欠点があり、特に白黒液晶
表示パネルにおいては、斜方向の補償が適正に行なわれ
なく着色し、視野角が狭くなる問題がある。One of these methods is to use the same STN type liquid crystal cell as the driving liquid crystal cell as an optical retardation element, and this method has been commercialized. In addition, there is a liquid crystal display panel (FTN type liquid crystal display panel) whose optical retardation element is an anisotropic oriented film or sheet of polycarbonate resin or polyvinyl alcohol resin whose intrinsic birefringence value is the same sign as that of the STN type liquid crystal cell, that is, positive. It is being considered. This reduces the weight of the display panel and improves the light transmittance (NIKKEI
MICRODEVICES 10. PP, 54-57
(1988)), and furthermore, two or more anisotropically oriented films or sheets of polycarbonate resin or polyvinyl alcohol resin having positive intrinsic birefringence values are arranged so that the major axes of the in-plane refractive index ellipses intersect with each other. Liquid crystal display panels using stacked optical retardation elements have been proposed. However, conventional liquid crystal display elements have the disadvantage that the optical path difference changes greatly depending on the incident angle of light, and in particular, in monochrome liquid crystal display panels, compensation in the oblique direction is not performed properly, resulting in coloring and narrow viewing angles. There is a problem.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
本発明の目的は上記従来技術の問題点の解決にあり、す
なわち視野角の広い液晶表示素子の提供にある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, that is, to provide a liquid crystal display element with a wide viewing angle.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明の目的は。[Means to solve the problem] The purpose of the present invention is to:
対向して配置された一対の透明電極の間にねじれ配向し
たネマチック液晶を挾持した液晶セルと。A liquid crystal cell in which twisted oriented nematic liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of transparent electrodes placed opposite each other.
液晶セルの両面に配置された一対の偏光板からなる液晶
表示素子において、液晶セルと偏光板の間に少なくとも
一枚の固有複屈折値が負である樹脂の配向フィルムまた
はシートが挿入されていることを特徴とする液晶表示素
子により達成される。In a liquid crystal display element consisting of a pair of polarizing plates arranged on both sides of a liquid crystal cell, at least one oriented film or sheet of resin having a negative intrinsic birefringence value is inserted between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate. This is achieved using a characteristic liquid crystal display element.
本発明を図面を用いて説明する。The present invention will be explained using the drawings.
第１図は本発明の液晶表示素子の好ましい例である白黒
ＳＴＮ液晶表示パネル用の液晶表示素子の断面図を示し
たものである。FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a liquid crystal display element for a monochrome STN liquid crystal display panel, which is a preferred example of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
第１図において１は透明電極および配向膜を具備したね
じれ配向したネマチック液晶セルであり、２Ａ、２Ｂは
偏光板であり、３は固有複屈折値が負である樹脂の異方
性配向フィルムまたはシートである。３の固有複屈折値
が負である樹脂の異方性配向フィルムまたはシートは着
色の原因となる液晶固有の複屈折を補償するよう適当な
光路差のものが選ばれる。In FIG. 1, numeral 1 is a twist-aligned nematic liquid crystal cell equipped with transparent electrodes and an alignment film, 2A and 2B are polarizing plates, and 3 is an anisotropic alignment film of resin with a negative intrinsic birefringence value or It is a sheet. The anisotropically oriented film or sheet of resin having a negative intrinsic birefringence value of 3 is selected to have an appropriate optical path difference so as to compensate for the birefringence inherent in liquid crystals, which causes coloring.
本発明の液晶表示素子の構成は従来のＦＴＮ型液晶表示
素子と類似しているが、従来の素子が位相差補償用の異
方性配向フィルムまたはシートとして固有複屈折値の符
号が正であるポリカーボネート樹脂やポリビニルアルコ
ール樹脂の異方性配向フィルムまたはシートを使用して
いるのに対し、本発明の素子は従来使用例のない固有複
屈折値の符号が負である異方性配向フィルムまたはシー
トを使用していることに特徴があり、これにより視角特
性の優れた液晶表示素子が達成される。The structure of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is similar to a conventional FTN type liquid crystal display element, but the conventional element has a positive sign of the intrinsic birefringence value as an anisotropic alignment film or sheet for retardation compensation. While an anisotropically oriented film or sheet made of polycarbonate resin or polyvinyl alcohol resin is used, the element of the present invention uses an anisotropically oriented film or sheet whose intrinsic birefringence value has a negative sign, which has not been used in the past. This method is characterized by the use of a liquid crystal display element with excellent viewing angle characteristics.
固有複屈折値が負の樹脂としてはポリ（メタ）アクリル
酸エステル樹脂、ポリスチレンなどの不飽和芳香族化合
物の樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの透明なホモポリマー
コポリマーあるいはこれらを主成分とするブレンド物
、ポリマーアロイ等のフィルムまたはシートが使用でき
る。Examples of resins having a negative intrinsic birefringence value include poly(meth)acrylic acid ester resins, resins of unsaturated aromatic compounds such as polystyrene, and the like. Films or sheets of these transparent homopolymers, copolymers, blends, polymer alloys, etc. mainly composed of these can be used.
フィルムまたはシート用の樹脂は必要に応じ滑剤、紫外
線吸収剤などの添加剤が添加されていてもよい。Additives such as a lubricant and an ultraviolet absorber may be added to the resin for the film or sheet as required.
なお第１図において液晶セルの基板４Ａ、４Ｂはガラス
あるいは樹ＪＩｌ製の透明基板が用いられ、透明型＠１
Ｌ５Ａ、５ＢはＩＴＯ膜等が用いられる、配向膜６Ａ、
６Ｂはポリイミドあるいはポリアミド等の樹脂、あるい
は酸化ケインや酸化チタンなどの無機物の膜が用いられ
、液晶が配向するようにラビングしたり、蒸着などが施
されたものが用いられる。７はネマチック液晶である。In FIG. 1, the substrates 4A and 4B of the liquid crystal cell are transparent substrates made of glass or wood.
L5A, 5B are alignment films 6A, in which ITO films or the like are used;
6B is a film of a resin such as polyimide or polyamide, or an inorganic film such as cane oxide or titanium oxide, which is rubbed or vapor-deposited to align the liquid crystal. 7 is a nematic liquid crystal.
偏光板は、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂の一軸延伸物にヨ
ウ素が吸着されたもの等が使用される。The polarizing plate used is one in which iodine is adsorbed to a uniaxially stretched polyvinyl alcohol resin.
第２図は本発明の白黒ＳＴＮ液晶表示パネル用の好まし
い液晶表示素子の別の例である。この素子において８Ａ
、８Ｂが固有複屈折値が負である樹脂の異方性配向フィ
ルムまたはシートであり、２枚使用されかつフィルムま
たはシートの面内の屈折率楕円の長軸方向が特定の角度
で互に交差するように重ね合わされている。この液晶表
示素子は第１図のものに比ベコントラスト比が優れたも
のが得られる。FIG. 2 is another example of a preferred liquid crystal display element for a monochrome STN liquid crystal display panel of the present invention. 8A in this element
, 8B is an anisotropically oriented resin film or sheet with a negative intrinsic birefringence value, and two sheets are used, and the long axis directions of the refractive index ellipses in the plane of the film or sheet intersect each other at a specific angle. They are superimposed to look like this. This liquid crystal display element has an excellent contrast ratio compared to the one shown in FIG.
本発明の液晶表示素子において用いる固有複屈折値が負
である樹脂の配向フィルムまたはシートの光路差、およ
び偏光板、液晶セル、配向フィルムまたはシート等の重
ね合わせる角度等は液晶セルの特性を基として、例えば
この分野で知られている最適化計算により求められる（
テレビジョン学会技術報告 ＩＴＥＪ Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃ
ａｌ Ｒｅｐｏｒｔ Ｖｏｌ、１２．Ｎｏ３２．ＰＰ、
２９〜３４．ＩＤ ’８８８−７５（Ａｕ、１９８８）
）。The optical path difference of the oriented film or sheet of a resin with a negative intrinsic birefringence value used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, and the overlapping angle of the polarizing plate, liquid crystal cell, oriented film or sheet, etc. are based on the characteristics of the liquid crystal cell. For example, it can be found by optimization calculations known in this field (
Television Society Technical Report ITEJ Technic
Al Report Vol, 12. No.32. PP,
29-34. ID '888-75 (Au, 1988)
).
本発明の液晶表示素子においては種々の固有複屈折値が
負である樹脂の配向フィルムまたはシートが使用できる
が、特に入射角による光路差の変動の絶対値が液晶セル
のそれと近い配向フィルムまたはシートが入射角依存性
が特に小さくなり好ましい。In the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, various oriented films or sheets of resins having negative intrinsic birefringence values can be used, but in particular, oriented films or sheets whose absolute value of variation in optical path difference depending on the incident angle is close to that of the liquid crystal cell. is preferable because the dependence on the incident angle is particularly small.
本発明の液晶表示素子は白黒ＳＴＮ液晶表示パネル用の
第１図および第２図の素子以外に種々の形態がとれる。The liquid crystal display device of the present invention can take various forms other than the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 for monochrome STN liquid crystal display panels.
３枚以上の固有複屈折値の符号が負である異方性配向フ
ィルムまたはシートを使用してもよいし、白黒ＳＴＮ液
晶表示パネルにおいては液晶固有の複屈折の補償に固有
複屈折値の符号が正であるポリカーボネート樹脂やポリ
ビニルアルコール樹脂の異方性配向フィルムまたはシー
トを使用し、視角特性を固有複屈折値の符号が負である
バランス配向フィルムまたはシートにより改良した形態
も可能である。Three or more anisotropic oriented films or sheets whose intrinsic birefringence value has a negative sign may be used, or in black-and-white STN liquid crystal display panels, the sign of the intrinsic birefringence value is used to compensate for the birefringence inherent in the liquid crystal. It is also possible to use an anisotropically oriented film or sheet of polycarbonate resin or polyvinyl alcohol resin with a positive birefringence, and improve the viewing angle characteristics with a balanced oriented film or sheet whose intrinsic birefringence value has a negative sign.
また白黒ＳＴＮ液晶表示パネル用以外の、液晶セルの複
屈折を補償する必要のない液晶表示素子においては、固
有複屈折値の符号が負であるバランス配向フィルムまた
はシートが好適に使用される。Further, in liquid crystal display elements other than those for black-and-white STN liquid crystal display panels that do not require compensation for birefringence of a liquid crystal cell, a balanced orientation film or sheet in which the sign of the intrinsic birefringence value is negative is preferably used.
また固有複屈折値の符号が負である配向フィルムまたは
シートは他の素子の一部、例えば偏光板の保護フィルム
またはシートを兼ねることもできる。この場合全体の構
成材料が少なくなる長所がある。Further, an oriented film or sheet whose intrinsic birefringence value has a negative sign can also serve as a part of another element, for example, a protective film or sheet for a polarizing plate. In this case, there is an advantage that the total amount of constituent material is reduced.
本発明において使用される配向フィルムまたはシートは
１例えば原料樹脂を押出し成形により、フィルムまたは
シート状に成形した後、樹脂のガラス転移温度より１０
〜４０℃高い温度で一軸延伸、あるいは二軸延伸するこ
とにより得られる。The oriented film or sheet used in the present invention is formed by extrusion molding a raw material resin into a film or sheet shape, and then
It can be obtained by uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching at a temperature up to 40°C higher.
固有複屈折値の符号が負である配向フィルムまたはシー
トの厚みは、本発明の効果に直接関係ないが、生産性、
取扱性から１０〜１０００μが好ましい。The thickness of the oriented film or sheet whose intrinsic birefringence value has a negative sign is not directly related to the effects of the present invention, but it does affect productivity,
From the viewpoint of handleability, the thickness is preferably 10 to 1000μ.
なお、２５４μ以上をシート、これ以下をフィルムと区
別した。It should be noted that a layer of 254 μm or more was classified as a sheet, and a layer of 254 μm or more was classified as a film.
以下に、発明の説明において用いた物性値の測定方法を
示す。Below, methods for measuring physical property values used in the description of the invention will be shown.
・光路差測定法部偏光顕微鏡（日本光学工業（株）製、
ＬＡＢＯＰＨＯＴ−ＰＯＬ）を使用し、常法に従い測定
した。入射角依存性は試料台の上に試料を所定の角度に
傾けて固定し測定した。・Optical path difference measurement method section Polarizing microscope (manufactured by Nippon Kogaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.,
(LABOPHOT-POL) according to a conventional method. The incident angle dependence was measured by tilting the sample at a predetermined angle and fixing it on a sample stand.
・原料フィルムあるいはシートの入射角依存性：光線が
試料面に垂直に入射した場合を基準とし、長軸および短
軸方向に入射光線を傾けたときの光路差の変化の絶対量
を百分率で算出し、両者の平均値をで評価した。入射角
は傾けた角度を示す。・Incidence angle dependence of raw material film or sheet: Calculate the absolute amount of change in optical path difference as a percentage when the incident light beam is tilted in the long axis and short axis directions, based on the case where the light beam is incident perpendicularly to the sample surface. The average value of both was evaluated. The angle of incidence indicates the angle of inclination.
［実施例コ 本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。[Example code] The present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.
実施例１
固有複屈折値が負であるアクリル樹脂（協和ガス化学工
業（株）製、パラペットＳＨ）の未延伸シートから１３
５℃の延伸温度で２．５倍の延伸倍率で一軸延伸し光路
差が２６８ｎｍ、４５°の角度における光路差の入射角
依存性が１５％で厚みが２６２μの異方性配向シートを
得た。Example 1 From an unstretched sheet of acrylic resin (Parapet SH, manufactured by Kyowa Gas Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) with a negative intrinsic birefringence value, 13
Uniaxially stretched at a stretching temperature of 5°C and a stretching ratio of 2.5 times, an anisotropically oriented sheet with an optical path difference of 268 nm, an incident angle dependence of the optical path difference at an angle of 45° of 15%, and a thickness of 262 μm was obtained. .
偏向板、光路差が８００ｎｍでツイスト角が２４０°で
あるＳＴＮ液晶セル、アクリル樹脂の配向シート、最後
に検光板をクロスニコルにして組み立てオフ状態で暗く
なる白黒ＳＴＮ液晶表示パネル用液晶表示素子を作製し
た。液晶表示素子のオフ状態での暗さの視角による変化
を２．５°間隔で観察し視角特性を評価した。２７．５
°まで暗さの変化が認められず視角特性は良好であった
。A polarizing plate, an STN liquid crystal cell with an optical path difference of 800 nm and a twist angle of 240°, an acrylic resin orientation sheet, and finally an analyzer plate with crossed nicols are assembled to create a liquid crystal display element for a black and white STN liquid crystal display panel that becomes dark in the off state. Created. The viewing angle characteristics were evaluated by observing changes in the darkness of the liquid crystal display element in the off state depending on the viewing angle at 2.5° intervals. 27.5
Viewing angle characteristics were good, with no change in darkness observed up to 30°.
比較例１
アクリル樹脂のシートに替えて、固有複屈折値が正であ
るポリカーボネート樹脂の光路差が２７２ｎｍ、４５″
の角度における光路差の入射角依存性が１４％で厚みが
９６μの異方性配向フィルムを用い、実施例１と同様に
して液晶表示素子を作製し、視角特性を評価した。２０
°で暗さの変化が認められ視角特性に劣っていた。Comparative Example 1 Instead of the acrylic resin sheet, a polycarbonate resin with a positive intrinsic birefringence value was used, and the optical path difference was 272 nm, 45''
A liquid crystal display element was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using an anisotropic oriented film having an incident angle dependence of the optical path difference of 14% and a thickness of 96 μm, and the viewing angle characteristics were evaluated. 20
A change in darkness was observed at 30°, and the viewing angle characteristics were poor.
実施例２
ＭＳ樹脂（新日鉄化学（株）製、エスチレンＭＳ−６０
０）の光路差が２２６ｎｍ、４５″の角度における光路
差の入射角依存性が１６％で厚みが１０３μの異方性配
向フィルムに、光路差が１５８ｎｍ、４５″の角度にお
ける光路差の入射角依存性が１７％で厚みが７４μの異
方性配向フィルムを、前者のフィルムの面内の屈折率楕
円の長軸方向に対し後者のフィルムの面内の屈折率楕円
の長軸方向が右方向に２６°ずれるように貼着し、光学
位相差素子を作製した。偏向板、光路差が８００ｎｍで
ツイスト角が光学位相差素子の構成要素の屈折率楕円の
長袖方向を連ねた線のねじりと逆ねじりで２４０°であ
る液晶セル、光路差が１５８ｎｍのフィルムを液晶セル
に向けた配置で光学位相差素子、最後に検光板をクロス
ニフルにして組み立てオフ状態で暗くなる液晶表示素子
を作製した。液晶表示素子のオフ状態での暗さの視角に
よる変化を２．５’間隔で観察し視角特性を評価した。Example 2 MS resin (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., estyrene MS-60
0) has an optical path difference of 226 nm, an incident angle dependence of the optical path difference at an angle of 45'' is 16%, and an anisotropic alignment film with a thickness of 103 μ; An anisotropically oriented film with a dependence of 17% and a thickness of 74μ is arranged so that the long axis direction of the refractive index ellipse in the plane of the latter film is to the right with respect to the long axis direction of the refractive index ellipse in the plane of the former film. An optical retardation element was produced by attaching the two layers so that they were shifted by 26 degrees. A polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell with an optical path difference of 800 nm and a twist angle of 240° with the twist of a line connecting the long sleeve direction of the refractive index ellipse of the optical retardation element, and a film with an optical path difference of 158 nm. An optical retardation element was placed facing the cell, and finally an analyzer plate was assembled as a cross niffle to create a liquid crystal display element that became dark in the off state. The viewing angle characteristics were evaluated by observing the change in darkness of the liquid crystal display element in the off state depending on the viewing angle at 2.5' intervals.
３２．５”まで暗さの変化が認められず視角特性は良好
であった。No change in darkness was observed up to 32.5'', and the viewing angle characteristics were good.
比較例２
ＭＳ樹脂のフィルムに替えて、光路差が２２５ｎｍ、４
５°の角度における光路差の入射角依存性が２１％で厚
みが２１２μ、および光路差が１５８ｎｍ、４５°の角
度における光路差の入射角依存性が２２％で厚みが１４
７μのポリカーボネート樹脂の異方性配向フィルムを用
い、実施例２と同様にして光学位相差素子、液晶表示素
子を作製し、視角特性を評価した。２０″で暗さの変化
が認められ視角特性に劣っていた。Comparative Example 2 Instead of using an MS resin film, the optical path difference was 225 nm, 4
The incident angle dependence of the optical path difference at an angle of 5° is 21% and the thickness is 212μ, and the optical path difference is 158 nm, and the incident angle dependence of the optical path difference at an angle of 45° is 22% and the thickness is 14
An optical retardation element and a liquid crystal display element were produced in the same manner as in Example 2 using an anisotropic oriented film of a 7μ polycarbonate resin, and the viewing angle characteristics were evaluated. At 20'', a change in darkness was observed and the viewing angle characteristics were poor.
実施例３
比較例１の液晶表示素子のポリカーボネート樹脂の異方
性配向フィルムと検光板の間に、ポリスチレン樹脂（三
菱モンサンド（株）製、ダイヤレックス ＨＦ−７７）
のバランス配向フィルムを挿入して液晶表示素子を作製
し、視角特性を評価した。３０”まで暗さの変化が認め
られず視角特性は良好であった。なおポリスチレン樹脂
のフィルムは面に垂直な方向から複屈折が認められず、
４５”の角度における長軸方向および短軸方向の光路差
の絶対値の平均が７３ｎｍで厚みが１８２μであった。Example 3 Polystyrene resin (Dialex HF-77 manufactured by Mitsubishi Monsando Co., Ltd.) was placed between the anisotropically oriented polycarbonate resin film of the liquid crystal display element of Comparative Example 1 and the analyzer plate.
A liquid crystal display device was prepared by inserting a balanced orientation film, and the viewing angle characteristics were evaluated. No change in darkness was observed up to 30", and the viewing angle characteristics were good. The polystyrene resin film showed no birefringence in the direction perpendicular to the surface.
The average absolute value of the optical path difference in the major axis direction and the minor axis direction at an angle of 45'' was 73 nm, and the thickness was 182 μm.
［発明の効果］
固有複屈折値が負である異方性配向フィルムまたはシー
トを構成要素とすることで視角特性の改良された液晶表
示素子が得られた０本発明物は、白黒液晶デスプレイ等
に好適に使用される。[Effects of the Invention] A liquid crystal display element with improved viewing angle characteristics is obtained by using an anisotropic oriented film or sheet having a negative intrinsic birefringence value as a component.The present invention can be used for monochrome liquid crystal displays, etc. It is suitably used for.
第１図および第２図は、それぞれ本発明の液晶表示素子
の構成例を示す断面図である。
１・・・液晶セル
２Ａ、２Ｂ・・・偏光板
３．８Ａ、８Ｂ・・・異方性配向フィルムまたはシートFIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are cross-sectional views each showing a configuration example of a liquid crystal display element of the present invention. 1...Liquid crystal cell 2A, 2B...Polarizing plate 3.8A, 8B...Anisotropic alignment film or sheet
Claims (4)
ック液晶をねじれ配向した液晶セルと、液晶セルの両面
に配置された一対の偏光板からなる液晶表示素子におい
て、液晶セルと偏光板の間に少なくとも一枚の固有複屈
折値が負である樹脂の配向フィルムまたはシートが挿入
されていることを特徴とする液晶表示素子。(1) In a liquid crystal display element consisting of a liquid crystal cell in which nematic liquid crystal is twisted and oriented between a pair of transparent electrodes placed opposite each other, and a pair of polarizing plates placed on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, the gap between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate is 1. A liquid crystal display element, wherein at least one oriented film or sheet of resin having a negative intrinsic birefringence value is inserted into the wafer.
バランス二軸延伸により作製された異方性配向フィルム
またはシートであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の
液晶表示素子。(2) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the oriented film or sheet is an anisotropic oriented film or sheet produced by uniaxial stretching or unbalanced biaxial stretching.
より作製されたバランス配向フィルムまたはシートであ
ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の液晶表示素子。(3) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the oriented film or sheet is a balanced oriented film or sheet produced by balanced biaxial stretching.
はスチレン系樹脂のフィルムまたはシートであることを
特徴とする請求項１乃至３記載の液晶表示素子。(4) The liquid crystal display element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the resin having a negative intrinsic birefringence value is a film or sheet of acrylic resin or styrene resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1248555A JPH03109523A (en) | 1989-09-25 | 1989-09-25 | Liquid crystal display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1248555A JPH03109523A (en) | 1989-09-25 | 1989-09-25 | Liquid crystal display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03109523A true JPH03109523A (en) | 1991-05-09 |
Family
ID=17179909
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1248555A Pending JPH03109523A (en) | 1989-09-25 | 1989-09-25 | Liquid crystal display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03109523A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005292229A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Teijin Dupont Films Japan Ltd | Film for polarizer supporting base and polarizing plate |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63279229A (en) * | 1987-05-12 | 1988-11-16 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JPH01152032A (en) * | 1987-12-09 | 1989-06-14 | Diafoil Co Ltd | Biaxially oriented polyester film |
-
1989
- 1989-09-25 JP JP1248555A patent/JPH03109523A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63279229A (en) * | 1987-05-12 | 1988-11-16 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JPH01152032A (en) * | 1987-12-09 | 1989-06-14 | Diafoil Co Ltd | Biaxially oriented polyester film |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005292229A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Teijin Dupont Films Japan Ltd | Film for polarizer supporting base and polarizing plate |
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