JPH0286717A - Method for proliferating algae - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently proliferate algae without peeling precursors from a substrate by applying the precursors capable of providing mesophylls of the algae by reproduction and growth to the substrate, coating the surface thereof with an aqueous high polymer solution and forming a cured or uncured film. CONSTITUTION:Precursors, such as zoospores, spores or plumules, capable of providing mesophylls of algae, such as WAKAME seaweed or sea tangle, are applied to a substrate for proliferation of algae, such as artificial fish reef unit, net or rope for fixing the algae, and an aqueous solution of a high polymer, such as aqueous solution of sodium alginate, is applied thereto by using a dipping spray, etc., to form a cured or uncured film. The resultant substrate having the formed (un)cured film is subsequently dipped in sea(water) to prevent death of the precursors due to drying and peeling thereof from the substrate. Thereby, establishment and propagation of the algae are efficiently carried out.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is applicable to artificial reef bodies, droplet fixing nets, droplet fixing lobes, and other algae growth substrates that contain (sea) aquatic plants, particularly wakame, kelp, and seaweed. Concerning methods for establishing and propagating seaweed.

(Prior art and its problems) The consumption of marine resources is increasing year by year, and it is said that if marine resources are not artificially reproduced, they will be exhausted within 50 years.

Recently, due to the global trend of resource nationalism, coastal
Considering that many countries have declared their territorial waters as zero nautical miles, there is no room for debate about the importance of promoting Japan's coastal fisheries, and various measures are being implemented from a national perspective. One of these is the cultivation and propagation of fish, shellfish, and seaweed.

Artificial fish reefs and seaweed beds are used as a method for artificially producing marine animals and plants such as fish, shellfish, and seaweed. Such artificial reefs and seaweed beds include artificial reef bodies made of concrete, plastic rubber, or nets. In addition, there are seaweed beds using ropes and nets made of natural or synthetic fibers for fixing seaweed. By the way, if such an artificial fish reef body or seaweed bed plant is put into (sea) water as it is,
It is desirable for the target seaweed to reproduce as quickly and as much as possible on the surface of the seaweed, but the growth rate and amount of reproduction vary depending on the sea area where the seaweed is introduced. In this case, there is little expectation of attached growth of seaweed.

For the purpose of promoting the growth of seaweed, a method of applying an algae-cultivating paint containing nutrients to the surfaces of fish reef bodies, seaweed bed plants, etc. is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-1067.
Publication No. 5, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1989-8978, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1977-
No. 99889, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-34186, and Japanese Patent Application No. 55-141663, algae, especially seaweed,
Paint compositions that have a large growth promoting effect on kelp, seaweed, etc. have been proposed.

In addition, the applicant has discovered that in addition to the fact that the types and proportions of nutritional components blended into the paint greatly affect the proliferation effect, the unevenness of the paint film surface, in other words, the degree of surface roughness, has an extremely large effect on the proliferation effect. In general, we found that a painted surface with appropriate surface roughness has a much greater growth effect on seaweed than a smooth painted surface. JP-A-57-177628 has already proposed an algae-cultivating paint that forms a coated surface with a certain surface roughness.

Paints for cultivating seaweed containing these nutritional components were originally intended to be particularly effective in so-called oligotrophic waters, where there are few nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed. In general, seaweed is scarce in this type of sea area to begin with, and there are few precursors (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "precursors") that can become algae thallus through reproductive growth. Even if we create a favorable environment for the epiphytic growth of precursors by applying paint containing nutritional ingredients and giving the surface an appropriate surface roughness, there are many cases where seaweed does not adhere or grow. It is.

Furthermore, precursors that can become algae fronds through reproduction and growth are attached to the surface of the coating film formed from the algae-cultivating paint containing nutritional components (method (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 78633/1983)). A coating material for seaweed growth, in which a carrier on which a precursor is grown and adhered is bonded to the surface of a coating formed from an algae cultivation paint.
JP-A-58-193630) has been proposed.

However, in these methods, the precursor or a carrier on which the precursor is grown and adhered is attached and bonded to the coating surface, and the precursor dries and dies before it is immersed in (sea) water. There is also a risk that the precursor may peel off from the coating or support in the sea (water).

In addition, since it is difficult to reproduce and grow only edible algae in vegetative sea areas due to the abundance of various algae, it is common to use precursors directly on substrates for seaweed colonization, such as fibers, ropes, and nets. A method is used to keep it attached. However, in this method as well, there is a possibility that the precursor dies or dies, or the precursor peels off from the base material, as described above.

(Means for Solving the Problem) As a result of various studies on methods for overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present inventor found that in the conventional method described above, an aqueous polymer liquid is applied to a precursor that is attached to a base material. The inventors have discovered that by doing so, it is possible to prevent the precursor from dying due to drying and from peeling off in (sea) water, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a method for propagating algae, in which a precursor that can become an algal leaf through reproduction and growth is attached to a substrate, and then an aqueous polymer solution is applied to form a cured or uncured coating film. There is also a method for growing algae in which a precursor support is provided on the surface of a base material, and then an aqueous polymer solution is applied to form a cured or uncured coating film, and a method for growing algae in which a precursor support is provided on the surface of a base material, and a nutrient solution containing algae nutrients is applied to the base material. A method for propagating algae, in which a coating film for algae is formed, a precursor that can become an algae leaf body is attached through reproduction and growth, and then an aqueous polymer solution is applied to form a cured or uncured coating film; After forming an algae-cultivating coating film containing nutritional components of algae on a substrate, a precursor support is provided on the coating film, and then an aqueous polymer solution is applied to form a cured or uncured coating film. The present invention relates to a method for growing algae, characterized by forming algae.

The base material, precursor, and aqueous polymer liquid in the present invention (1) to (2) will be described.

As a base material, rocks and stones that naturally exist in (sea) water, or artificial reefs such as artificially installed trees, bamboo, stones, concrete, plastic, rubber, metal, natural fibers, and synthetic! Examples include, but are not limited to, artificial seaweed beds constructed of nets, lobes, etc. made of Pi fibers, etc.

Precursors to be attached to the substrate or support include those that can become algal thallus through reproduction and growth, such as algal fumespores, spores (carospores, chlospores, etc.), buds, thallus, Powdered leaves (the powdered material may be dissolved or dispersed in water) can be used.

As the aqueous polymer liquid to be applied to the precursor, aqueous solutions and water-swollen liquids of natural, synthetic, and synthetic polymers that use water as a main medium can be used. As natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic polymers, conventionally known polymers can be used.6 Typical examples of the polymers include: natural polymers such as kansho starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, and wheat starch. , starch such as corn starch; seaweed substances such as fluoran, agar (galactan), alginic acid, sodium alginate, and carrageenan; proteins such as glue, gelatin, casein, and collagen; montmorillonite minerals such as montmorillonite, beidellite, nontronite, and savonite. Examples include quality. Examples of semi-synthetic polymers include biscol, methylcellulose,
Examples of synthetic polymers include cellulose types such as ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose; starch types such as soluble starch and carboxymethyl starch; and alginic acid derivatives such as alginate alkylene glycol ester.6 Synthetic polymers include, for example, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, etc. Polyalkylene glycols: Acrylic resins and their salts such as poly(meth)acrylic acid and poly(meth)acrylamide; Vinyl resins such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone; Butylene-(anhydrous) maleic acid, ``isobutylene-(anhydrous) maleic acid'' Acid, maleated copolymers such as butadiene-(anhydrous)maleic acid and their salts; copolymers such as polyvinyl alcohol-poly(meth)acrylic acid; cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol and acrylic obtained by cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol with sodium borate, etc. Examples include fiber hydrolysates. The above salts include sodium,
Examples include potassium and ammonium. The above aqueous polymers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Among aqueous polymers, alginic acid polymers such as alginic acid and sodium alginate are filamentous polymers that are easy to entangle with precursors and have excellent adhesion to substrates such as fibers or supports for precursors. The substance has excellent water retention properties, does not have properties that inhibit the growth of the precursor, does not cause any harm to the leaflets of the algae in which the precursor reproduces and grows, and is safe for the human body. It is preferable to use this material because of the following reasons.

The aqueous polymer liquid to be applied to the precursor can be diluted with a medium such as water or seawater, and applied by a coating method such as dip spraying or brushing. The solid content of the diluted aqueous polymer liquid varies depending on the coating method, but is usually about 0.5 to 60.0% by weight.
Preferably it is about 3.0-30.0% by weight. If the solid content is lower than 0.5% by weight, the amount of aqueous polymer that coats the precursor decreases, so the volatilization of sea water becomes faster and the precursor dies, and the reproduction and growth of algae becomes poor, which is undesirable.
If the solid content is higher than 60.0% by weight, painting workability will be poor, and there is a risk that the moisture contained in the precursor will be adsorbed by the aqueous polymer and the precursor will wither and die before it is immersed in seawater. I don't like it because it is.

Cured coatings of water-based polymers can be made by applying a polymer solution containing a curing agent in the water-based polymer solution, or by applying a polymer solution on top of an uncured coating coated with the water-based polymer solution. Systems that use polyvalent ion water-soluble metal salts such as calcium ions, strontium ions, and aluminum ions as hardening agents, and systems that use salts such as sodium borate as hardening agents for aqueous polymeric liquids of polyvinyl alcohol. Can be mentioned.

Next, the method of the present invention will be described below.

First, in the method of the present invention (2), after spraying a precursor on a base material,
This can be carried out by coating an aqueous polymer solution to form a cured or uncured coating, and then immersing this in the sea (water). The base material is preferably natural Ili fiber, synthetic jJ! Artificial seaweed beds such as nets and lobes made of fibers are preferable, and it is thought that it is sufficient to apply the aqueous polymer solution to the extent that the precursor is coated.

In the method of the present invention (2), a precursor support composed of a precursor and a support is provided on a base material, and then an aqueous polymer solution is applied to form a cured or uncured coating film. This can be done by immersing it in the sea (water). As a method for providing a precursor support on a base material, for example, after applying a 1B1 resin such as acrylic resin or vinyl resin to the base material, bonding the support before the TFIJ resin dries, and then applying the precursor support to the base material. This can be carried out by attaching a precursor to a body or by bonding a precursor support to which a precursor has been attached in advance onto a resin film. In this method, the former method is preferred since there is no fear that the precursor will enter the resin film.

As a support, precursors can easily adhere to it (and can be used for a long period of time).
6 Typical examples include synthetic fibers (polyethylene, polyester, rayon, acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic,
cotton-like, thread-like, cloth-like, robe-like, A net-like shape or the like can be used. In addition to the above, foams such as polyurethane, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene can be used. It is preferable to use these materials with a side length or diameter of about 1 mm to 2.0 cm).

The aqueous polymer solution applied to the precursor support is 5 kg/precursor support.
It seems that about m'' is sufficient.

In the present invention (2), by using a support, the precursor can be easily and firmly immobilized on the base material, and since the area on which the precursor is attached is widened, the amount of algae per unit area of the base material can be increased. The yield will increase and production efficiency will increase. Furthermore, when the precursor support is coated with an aqueous polymer solution, there is no possibility that the precursor will dry out and die, or that the precursor will peel off from the support in (sea) water.

Method (2) of the present invention involves forming a coating film for algae cultivation on a substrate, adhering a precursor, and then coating an aqueous polymer solution to form a cured or uncured coating film. Can be implemented. As the paint for forming the algae cultivation coating, conventionally known algae cultivation paints can be used. As the algae-cultivating paint,
For example, paints containing nitrogen-containing substances, phosphorus-containing substances, alkali metal-containing substances, and alkaline earth metal-containing substances (JP-A-59-78633, JP-A-61-88829)
Publications, etc.) can be used.

In order to attach the precursor to the algae-cultivating coating, the precursor may be sprayed while the algae-cultivating coating is sticky, or the precursor may be applied as described in JP-A-59-78633 and JP-A-61. -8
This can be carried out by dispersing a precursor onto a coating film having irregularities as described in Japanese Patent No. 8829 and the like.

In the present invention (2), the use of a coating film for algae cultivation is particularly effective in oligotrophic sea areas with few nutrients. Furthermore, if the precursor attached to the algae culture coating is coated with an aqueous polymer solution, the precursor may dry and die, or the precursor may peel off from the algae culture coating in (sea) water. There is no fear of it happening.

In the method of the present invention (2), a coating film for algae cultivation is formed on a substrate, a precursor support composed of a precursor and a support is provided on the coating film, and then an aqueous polymer solution is applied. This can be carried out by forming a cured or uncured coating film. The algae-cultivating coating film can be formed on the substrate using the same type of paint and method as the method for forming the algae-cultivating coating described above. The method of providing a precursor support on the algae cultivation coating is as follows:
For example, after applying the R'FA paint to the base material, the support is sprayed and bonded to the algae cultivation coating, and then the precursor is attached to the support, or the precursor is attached to the support in advance. This can be carried out by bonding a precursor support on a coating film for algae cultivation. Regarding the type and size of the support and the amount of the aqueous polymer solution applied, the same ones and methods as described in the above-mentioned Invention (2) can be used.

In the present invention (2), in addition to the features described in the present invention (2), by using the coating film for algae cultivation in the present invention (2), it becomes possible to reproduce and grow the precursor even in oligotrophic sea areas.

(Function and Effects of the Invention) In the method of the present invention, in particular, when the aqueous polymer liquid is applied to the precursor, the surface of the precursor is kept moist and water-retained. There is no risk of it drying out and dying, and the water-based polymer film has excellent adhesion to the substrate (support) and precursors, so even when immersed in (sea) water for a long period of time, it will not stick to the substrate (support). This has remarkable effects such as no peeling of the precursor.

(Example) The method of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples.

Example 1 After applying water tlIiiffl of wakame gametophyte (precursor) to Taremona Rope (trade name, Kuraray Co., Ltd., polyvinyl alcohol fiber (φ1 cm, length 30 cm)), 9% of sodium alginate aqueous solution with a solid content of 5% by weight was applied.
4g was applied.

Example 2 The object to be coated obtained in Example 1 was coated by dipping in a calcium chloride aqueous solution having a solid content of 2% by weight.

Example 3 Concrete block (width 2cm x length 10cm x width 20cm)
cm (hereinafter the same meaning)) was coated with a 20% by weight solution of Vinylite VAGH (trade name, manufactured by Union Carbide Co., Ltd., vinyl resin) dissolved in xylene solvent at a coating amount of 700 g/kg solid content. , apply with a brush, and while it is still wet, sprinkle 250g/lrI'' of cremona lobe pieces on the surface, dry and adhere to it.Add an aqueous dispersion of wakame gametophyte (precursor) to the surface. After application, solids content 5% by weight
A sodium alginate aqueous solution was applied at 2.5 kg/ln.

Example 4 The surface of the coated object obtained in Example 3 was dip-coated in a 1% solids calcium chloride aqueous solution.

Example 5 In Example 3, instead of the sodium alginate aqueous solution, 3 kg/3 kg of a water absorbing resin solution with a solid content of triple plate % of Arasorb 100 (trade name, manufactured by Arayo Kagaku Co., Ltd., super absorbent resin) soaked in seawater was used.
Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the coating was applied with m''.

Example 6 In Example 3, instead of coating using the alginate sorter aqueous solution, Arasop 100 was soaked in seawater and a 4% solid content water-absorbing resin solution and a 5% by weight sodium alginate aqueous solution were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1. Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that a 2% by weight calcium chloride aqueous solution was applied at a coating amount of 3 kg/m''.

Example 7 In Example 3, except that a coating for algae cultivation was applied at a coating amount of 300 g/rri'' instead of Vinylite VAGH.
Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3.

(*) Algae cultivation paint CR-20 (product name, Kadenka Kogyo Co., Ltd., chlorinated rubber type)
Dissolve 8.0g of rosin and 8.0g of rosin in 34.0g of xylene, and add 10g of bone powder, Og, and 20g of superphosphate lime to this.
．． 0g, glycine 5, Og were mixed for min #I.

Example 8 In Example 3, instead of vinylite VAGH, algae cultivation °
Example 8 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the same amount of paint was applied.

Comparative Example 1 20% by weight Vinylite VAGH on concrete block
The solution was applied at a rate of 700 g/bath and dried for 7 days at room temperature to obtain Comparative Example 1.

Comparative example 2 20% by weight vinylite VAGH on concrete block
Comparative Example 2 was obtained by applying the solution at 700 g/m'', then scattering Cremonave strips at 250 g/m'', drying and coating with an aqueous dispersion of wakame gametophyte.

Comparative Example 3 An aqueous dispersion of wakame gametophyte was applied to the same Cremona lobe as in Example 1 to obtain Comparative Example 3.

Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the alginate sorter aqueous solution was not used.

The results are summarized in Table-1.

Test conditions Indoor immersion test The samples obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were left at room temperature for one hour and then immersed in a seawater tank to grow the precursors. (The seawater used was collected off the coast of Higashiizu-cho, Kamo-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture, and sterilized at 80°C for one hour.

The growth status of wakame seaweed was visually observed. Evaluation was made on the basis of 0: growth is extremely good, ○: growth is good, Δ: growth is slightly observed, ×: no growth is observed. ) Actual sea immersion test The samples obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were left at room temperature for 1 hour, and then immersed off the coast of Higashiizu-cho, Kamo-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture from November 1988 to March 1988. (Evaluation: O: Wakame leaves grow on more than 90% of the concrete surface, O: Wakame leaves grow on 30-89% of the concrete surface, Δ:
5-29% of wakame leaves grow on the concrete surface.
×: Wakame leaves grew on the concrete surface by 49% or less, or did not grow at all. ) Date 1989/3/1989 1. Indication of the case 1988 Patent Application No. 236892 2. Name of the invention Method for propagating algae 3. Person making the amendment Relationship with the case

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Propagation of algae characterized by attaching a precursor that can become an algal leaf through reproduction and growth to a substrate, and then coating with an aqueous polymer solution to form a cured or uncured coating film. Method. (2) After providing a precursor support consisting of a support and a precursor that can become an algal leaf through reproduction and growth on the base material, an aqueous polymer liquid is applied to form a cured or uncured coating film. A method for growing algae, characterized by: (3) After forming an algae-cultivating coating film containing nutritional components of algae on the substrate, a precursor that can become an algae leaf through reproduction and growth is attached onto the coating film, and then an aqueous A method for growing algae, characterized by coating a polymer liquid and forming a cured or uncured coating film. (4) After forming an algae-cultivating coating film containing nutritional components of algae on a substrate, a precursor composed of a support material is deposited on the coating film, which can become an algae leaf through reproduction and growth. A method for growing algae, which comprises providing a support and then coating an aqueous polymer solution to form a cured or uncured coating film.