JPH0269107A - Fertilizer applicator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the title applicator designed so that a granular fertilizer discharge part, a fibrous fertilizer discharge part and a rocking plate free to vibrate vertically and back and forth are provided, thereby enabling fertilizers of any disposition to adequately, simply be applied. CONSTITUTION:When a powdery or granular fertilizer such as lime is to be applied, a work is made with a fibrous fertilizer discharge part 24 closed. A fertilizer held in the front side in the advancing direction A of a hopper 21 is successively guided to a discharge port 31 by the action of a rocking plate 25 to be driven synchronously with an agitator 22, and applied within the range of a tractor width according to its running. When bark compost, chicken droppings or conventional compost is to be applied, a sliding shutter 32 is moved by an operating lever 34 to close the discharge port 31 of the granular fertilizer discharge part 23. And the rod 40 of an electromotive cylinder 39 is moved in the retreating direction and an evolving shutter 37 is evolved backward the direction A and the rotation downstream side of the agitator 22 is opened. The fertilizer is collected near the agitator 22 through the vibration of the rocking plate 25 and free-falling and discharged while diffusing along the bottom plate 30 in a rolling-up manner.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fertilizer spreader, and more particularly to a fertilizer spreader that is connected to a tractor or the like and discharges fertilizer from a hopper equipped with an agitator onto a field.

[Prior art] F for spreading te right for base fertilizer or top dressing, etc.
As fertilizer spreaders, there are mainly known manual spreaders that spread fibrous fertilizers such as compost, and broadcasters and lime sawers that spread powdery/granular fertilizers such as lime.

As shown in FIG.
and a power transmission shaft 2, a loading box 3 for accommodating fertilizer, a slat conveyor 4 provided on the floor of the container, and a beater section 5 provided at the rear end of the loading box 3. The fertilizer is sent rearward sequentially by the slat conveyor 4, and is scooped up and scattered by the spreading blades 7 formed on the rotating shaft 6 of the beater section 5, and evenly spread over the field F. . Further, below the beater portion 5, a receiving plate S having an arcuate cross section is formed along the rotational orbit of the defeated blade 7.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the Limonwa has a three-point frame 11 and a power transmission shaft 12 to be attached to a tractor (not shown), and has a width substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction A. It mainly consists of a hopper 13 and an agitator 15 that is axially mounted in the width direction on the bottom part I It is arranged to scatter in rows within the range. Some types of lime sawers have wheels and are towed.

Furthermore, the broadcaster has a funnel-shaped hopper, and a scraper provided at the bottom of the broadcaster allows the spray to be spread widely.

On the other hand, fertilizers include compost, powdered and granular fertilizers, as well as chicken manure and park compost made from wood waste. Of these, 7A'A is usually mixed with scum and spread, and park compost is mainly spread with a manual spreader.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] By the way, when iA manure is spread by lime sawer, its particle size is larger than other powdered/granular fertilizers, so
It is difficult to discharge smoothly from the discharge port 16, and when the water is crushed by the agitator 15, water oozes out and settles around the discharge port 16 (-1), reducing its opening area. There was a problem of having to do this.

In addition, when using a broadcaster, cleaning is required due to almost the same circumstances, and its discharge for dispersion [1] Because it is located higher than a lime sawer, it is difficult to remove poultry manure or other materials, which have a lower specific gravity than compost. There was a problem in that the sawdust was affected by the wind, causing uneven distribution.

Additionally, when spreading with a manual spreader,
Similarly to the above, because the specific gravity of chicken manure is small and the manure does not intertwine with each other compared to ordinary compost, it is difficult to transport depending on the slat conveyor 4, and the amount transported to the beater section 5 may not be constant. Since the data center section 5 is located at a predetermined height from the field F for the purpose of dispersion, uneven IO will occur as in the case of the broadcaster. Also, when spreading park compost, there was a problem of uneven spreading because it has properties similar to chicken manure.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention was devised to provide a fertilizer spreader that can smoothly spread fertilizers of all types including chicken manure and park compost.

[Glue Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention comprises a hopper that is connected to a tractor or the like, has a width substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel, and collects and discharges the contained fertilizer at the bottom, and a machine provided at the bottom of the hopper. In a fertilizer spreader having an agitator mounted on a shaft in the width direction, a front plate partitions the front side of the hopper in the traveling direction and is formed with a gentler slope than an opposing rear plate, and the agitator A uniform granular fertilizer discharge part is formed directly below the opening area of which can be variably adjusted, and a fibrous fertilizer discharge part is provided on the rotational downstream side of the agitator from this discharge part and is formed to be thicker and capable of opening. a rocking plate provided along the inner wall of the front plate so as to be able to vibrate back and forth and up and down; It is a representation of the running wheels that are offset and supported in the direction of travel.

[Function] With the above configuration, the powdery fertilizer not stored in the hopper is guided directly under the agitator and discharged. In addition, if the fertilizer to be stored is fibrous fertilizer or chicken manure,
It is guided to the rotational downstream side of the agitator and discharged. The rocker plates vibrate to facilitate the collection of these fertilizers to their respective discharge points. The running wheels rotate around a vertical axis and change their rotational direction to the direction of travel of the tractor to smoothly advance the hopper.

“Example 1 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 11 show the fertilizer according to the present invention: J i
This shows an example of how to create a tractor (
The t8 is connected to the U (not shown) and spreads fertilizer onto the field F.

This fertilizer f-mi-1 crusher is characterized by the shape of the hopper 21 that accommodates the fertilizer, and also has a powder extractor T1 discharge section 23 located directly below the agitator 22 provided at the bottom of the hopper 21. A fibrous fertilizer discharge section 211 is provided on the downstream side of the agitator 22 in the rotation direction B.

Furthermore, a rocking plate 25 is provided inside the vehicle, and running wheels 26 are provided at the bottom thereof.

Like the conventional lime sawer, the hopper 21 has a width substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction A, and has a funnel shape that narrows downward as viewed from the bright side. The side of the traveling direction A is erected ((v1 provisional 27), and the front and rear are respectively inclined front plates 2
8 and a rear plate 29. This front plate 28
The angle of the rear plate 29 is made gentler than that of the rear plate 29. In other words, the rising angle of the rear plate 29 from the horizontal is 45 to 60 degrees or more, which is the same as before, whereas the angle of the front plate 28 is In this embodiment, the rear plate 2
The front plate 28 is formed at an angle of about 75 degrees, and the front plate 28 is formed at an angle of about 30 degrees.

Further, the bottom of the hopper 21 is formed by a bottom plate 30 which is curved in an arc shape.
It is divided into sections. The granular fertilizer discharge section 23 includes discharge ports 31 formed at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction (width direction of the machine) of the bottom plate 30, and a slide supported on the lower surface of the bottom plate 30 so as to be slidable in the width direction of the machine. It is mainly formed by a dynamic shutter 32 and is provided with operating means 33 for manually driving the dynamic shutter 32. A hole (not shown) equivalent to the discharge port 31 is bored in the sliding shutter 32,
The opening area of the discharge port 31 is adjusted by being aligned or shifted in the vertical direction. The operating means 33 consists of an operating rod 34 provided in front of the hopper 21 so as to be able to swing in the traveling direction A, a connecting culm 35 that connects the swinging end of the operating rod 34 to the sliding shutter 32, and a bell crank 36. , the swinging motion is appropriately converted and transmitted to the sliding shaft 32 as a reciprocating movement in the machine width direction.

The fibrous fertilizer discharge section 24 has a deployable shutter 37 provided between the lower end of the rear plate 29 and the bottom plate 30, and is provided with a shutter driving means 38 for moving the shutter 37. The deployment shank 37 is a rectangular plate member extending in the machine width direction, and its upper end is supported by the lower end of the rear plate 29 so as to be freely deployable. That is, when the lower end of the deployable shutter 37 is connected to the bottom plate 30, the bottom of the hopper 21 is closed, and when it is separated from the bottom plate 30 and deployed outward, it is opened. In other words, the rear side of the hopper 21 is substantially partitioned by the two rear plates and the deployment shutter 37, and when deployed, a discharge opening corresponding to the size of the deployment shutter 37 is formed. It turns out.

The shutter driving means 38 includes three electric cylinders that are supported by a rear plate 29 and expand and contract in the vertical direction, a connecting rotating plate 111 and a connecting rod 42 that connect the lower end of the rod 40 of the electric cylinder 39 and the lower end of the deployable shutter 37. The vertical movement of the rond 40 is appropriately converted and transmitted to the deployment shutter 37 as deployment movement in the traveling direction A. The connecting rotating plate 41 has a rotating shaft 43 that is mounted on the two rear plates in the machine width direction.
The driving force is distributed to connecting rods 42 arranged in parallel in the machine width direction while changing the direction of movement.

The swing plate 25 has a rectangular shape with a size such as that between the front plate 28 and the front plate 28, is provided along the inner wall 44 of the front plate 28, and is formed to be able to freely vibrate in the traveling direction A and in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 5, both ends of the rocking plate 25 are bent upward to form a flange 45, and a kite member 46 that engages with the flange and guides in the inclination direction, or a kite member 46 provided on the side plate 27. There is. Further, a presser plate 47 is provided at the upper end of the swing plate 25 and is elastically engaged with the upper surface thereof, and one bent end thereof is supported by the front plate 28 . And the rocking plate 25
A drive system 4 for driving the agitator 22 is provided on the lower surface of the
A crank fim 49 is provided with a crank mechanism 49 connected to
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. Three swing arms 53, 54, 55 are connected, and the swing end of the third swing arm 55 is rotatably connected to a first bracket 56 formed approximately in the center of the swing plate 25. ing. For this crank mechanism 49, the front plate 28 is opened in the machine width direction at a substantially central position in the height direction.
It is rotatably supported so that it can move in one direction.

The running wheels 26 are attached to a vertical shaft 58 hanging from the front plate 28.
These five portal brackets are supported via five portal brackets that are rotatably supported around their axis.
It has a trapezoidal shape when viewed from the bright side, and has an upper end supported by a vertical shaft 58, and an axle 60 for rotatably supporting the traveling wheels 26 is formed at the lower end extending diagonally downward. 9, that is, the running wheels 26 are always repositioned and held in the traveling direction A from the axis of the vertical shaft 58.

In addition to the above, the front plate 28 is provided with a support plate 61 and a frame 62 for connection with a three-point link of the tractor. Further, the operating ring 34 has an arc-shaped adjusting plate 03 for regulating its operating range, and a stopper 64 that is movable along the longitudinal direction of the member has a
When the side portions of the operating ring 34 come into contact with each other, the swinging is stopped.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When spraying powdered or granular fertilizer such as lime, close the fibrous fertilizer discharge section 24 and continue working.Before starting spraying, make sure that the desired amount of fertilizer is sprayed. , the position of the stopper 64 is adjusted 9, and when the operating ring 34 is moved until it comes into contact with the stopper 64, the sliding shutter 32 engages with the discharge port 31 and adjusts the amount of fertilizer falling. Further, since the slope of the front plate 28 is gentle, the fertilizer stored on the front side of the hopper 21 in the traveling direction A is
Although it is difficult to collect at the bottom due to natural fall, agitator 2
2 is sequentially guided to the discharge port 31 by the rocking plate 25 driven in synchronization with the discharge port 31. The movement of the swing plate 25 at this time is
The crank mechanism 49 causes the fertilizer in the hopper 21 to vibrate vertically and longitudinally to a greater extent than the lower end near the discharge port 31 or the upper end, and is smoothly collected downward without causing any bridging phenomenon. As the tractor travels, it is spread across the width of the tractor. The running wheels 26 are caused to appropriately follow turning movements for changing direction or the like by a well-known caster action.

When distributing park compost, chicken manure, ordinary compost, etc., the operation ring 34 moves the sliding shutter 32 to close the discharge port 31 of the powder and granular fertilizer discharge section 23. 39's Rondo 40 is moved in the retraction direction, and the deployment shutter 37 is deployed backward in the traveling direction A.
The fertilizer 9, which opens the rotational downstream side of the agitator 22, is collected near the agitator 22 by the vibration of the rocking plate 25 and natural fall, and is discharged while being dispersed in a winding manner along the bottom plate 30.

When distributing chicken manure, bark manure, etc., as in 2.
Since it is discharged from the air, it is less affected by the wind and uneven distribution does not occur. In addition, since the opening shape is larger and rectangular, it is smoothly discharged without being excessively crushed by the agitator 22, and there is no adhesion at the discharge section, simplifying maintenance such as cleaning. be done. When spraying powdered or granular fertilizer, the powdered or granular fertilizer can be discharged from the powdered or granular fertilizer discharge section 23.
In other words, IF of any nature! 9 The shape of the hopper 21 has been extended forward, and the rocking plate 25 has been designed to promote the fall of fertilizer, so the capacity can be increased compared to the conventional limenwa. When large tractors and the like are used, the work can be done according to their capacity, and the spraying efficiency is improved. In particular, when working inside a house, the width of the machine is limited, so the hopper cannot be extended in the width direction, making it difficult to increase capacity and maintain maneuverability. According to the invention, this problem can also be solved.

In addition, it is possible to easily spread a small amount of fertilizer, which was difficult with conventional manual spreaders.In other words, the amount of fertilizer to be accommodated is limited depending on the position of the rotating shaft of the beater part and the relationship with the cargo box, and only a small amount can be applied. If the spraying is not carried out, there are problems such as economic loss and unsafe work due to the need to load extra cargo boxes and increase the traveling speed of the tractor.9According to the present invention, Since the storage capacity is smaller than that of the previous model, and the spraying can be done without waste, the second problem can also be solved. Since i26 was installed on the front plate 28, I sprayed it on the field F and IF! There is no need to pressure the department.
In addition, by being on the ground, the burden on the tractor's field support device is reduced, and the load on the tractor's field support device is reduced, which is less than the burden of the conventional direct-mounted type.
tPn capacity) is reduced.

Although three electric cylinders are provided as the shutter driving means 38, a hydraulic cylinder or the like may be used, or the degree of expansion of the expansion shutter 37 may be displayed. Examples are shown in FIGS. 6 to 8.

The second electric cylinder 71 is equipped with a sensor 73 for detecting the position of the door 2, and displays the information to enable remote control. The sensor 73 is connected to the cylinder body 74 via a bolt 75 or the like.

Three movable plates 77 are provided on a mounting plate 76 that is not fixed to the frame, and when the signal is blocked by a movable plate 77 supported by a rod 72, no signal is emitted, and when the notch 78 formed in the movable plate 77 is at that position. The nine notches 78 that transmit signals to each sensor 73 correspond to the amount of movement of the rod 72.
The signals from the nine sensors 73, which are formed as appropriate so that the position can be determined depending on the combination of whether the signal is emitting or not emitting, are sent to the switch box 7 shown in FIG.
9, and the operator presses the selector switch 8 by looking at the blinking state of the indicator lamp 80.
1 can be operated. In the illustrated example, the movement of the deployable shutter 37 can be displayed in five categories.

In other words, in the most degenerate state shown in the figure, - number of indicator lamps 80 are lit by the signals from the two sensors 73, and then continue to blink until all the lights are turned off, which is emitted by all the sensors 73 in the most offshore state. Weird 1 hit. By employing the electric cylinders 71 of 9 and 2, which are 9 and 2 G, the operator can operate the deployable shutter 37 while driving 1 to 2 cylinders, which contributes to improving work efficiency and reducing the burden on the operator. Second sensor 73
The agitator 22 may be of any type as long as it can detect the position of the optical sensor. If the top material has movement resistance, the load will be large. For this purpose, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the shape of the blade plates 92 provided at a predetermined interval on the rotation axis 91 is changed so that the convex portions 93 of adjacent blade plates 92 face each other. That is, they may be formed so as to be plane symmetrical to each other. In this way, the reaction force of the rotating shaft 91 along the axial direction is canceled out, leading to a reduction in load fluctuations and an improvement in the durability of the constituent members.9Furthermore, as shown in FIG. Between.

A feeding plate 94 having both ends bent in opposite directions may be provided. This allows the powdered fertilizer to be more agitated and the delivery of compost etc. to be stabilized.

[Effects of the Invention] In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are achieved.

(1) A front plate that partitions the front side of the hopper in the direction of movement with a gentler slope than the rear plate, a particulate fertilizer discharge part formed directly below the agitator, and a part located downstream of the rotation of the agitator. A fibrous fertilizer discharge part is provided and formed to be able to open larger; a rocking plate is formed along the inner wall of the front plate so as to be able to vibrate back and forth and up and down; Since it is provided with a running wheel that is rotatable around the axis and is supported offset from the axis in the direction of travel, fertilizers of all properties can be appropriately and easily spread, and versatility is improved.

(2) A small amount of fibrous fertilizer such as compost can be applied.

(3) The storage capacity of honba can be increased without compromising mobility etc. 9 (4) Work can be done more efficiently from inside the greenhouse 9

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the fertilizer spreader according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a front view thereof.
Figure 4 is its rear view, Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the inside of the hopper, Figure 6 is a front view showing the electric cylinder, Figure 7 is its side view, and Figure 8 is operating the electric cylinder. Fig. 9 is a side view showing the agitator, Fig. 10 is a side view showing a modified embodiment thereof, and Fig. 11 is a conventional fertilizer spreader, ie, Mayus Brenta. FIG. 12 is a side view showing the same, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the same. In the figure, 21 is a hopper, and 22 is an agitator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It has a hopper that is connected to a tractor or the like and has a width substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel, and that collects and discharges the contained fertilizer at the bottom, and an agitator that is installed at the bottom of the hopper and is mounted on an axis in the width direction of the machine. The fertilizer spreader includes a front plate that partitions the front side of the hopper in the traveling direction and is formed with a gentler slope than the opposing rear plate, and a front plate that is formed directly below the agitator and whose opening area can be variably adjusted. a fibrous fertilizer discharge section provided along the inner wall of the front plate and provided along the inner wall of the front plate, and a fibrous fertilizer discharge section provided on the rotational downstream side of the agitator from the discharge section and formed to be able to open larger; A rocking plate formed to be able to freely vibrate up and down, and a running wheel supported on a vertical shaft hanging from the front plate so as to be freely rotatable around the axis and offset from the axis in the traveling direction. A fertilizer spreader characterized by: