JPH0268104A - Apparatus for press dehydration or filteration - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To form a compression, region, in which a raw material to be treated is continuously pressurized for a long period of time and harmonization is achieved even if the pressurized raw materials are different, by allowing a supporting or pressing means to form a tunnel for compression, i.e., a dewatering or filtering zone. CONSTITUTION: The means 7, which is fixed during the operation of a device, is away from filter belts 3, 4 and the raw material to be treated, and supports or presses these while facing to pressing or supporting belts 1, 2, is provided. This means 7 forms the tunnel 21 for compression, i.e., the dewatering or filtering zone, the tunnel 21 is provided with a wall, and the belts 1, 2 are sealed against the wall of the tunnel 21 by an elastic belt 8 at least entirely enclosing the belts 1, 2, the filter belts 3, 4 and the raw material to be treated while locally devided. Consequently, the raw material to be treated is continuously pressed for a long period of time, and the compression region, which may be well harmonized even if there is a difference in the compressibility of filter cakes, is formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus and a machine for pressurized dewatering or filtering of sludge, suspensions of fibrous materials or suspensions of cellulosic materials, and more particularly to two circulating filter or screen belts between which the material to be filtered passes, and two circulating pressure belts facing and supporting said two filter belts away from the material to be processed; or relating to a machine comprising a support belt, and means for supporting and pressurizing the filter belt and the material to be treated (which are fixed during operation of the device and pressurized at a distance from the filter belt and the material to be treated or facing the support belt); The raw material to be pressurized or treated is fed to the device as a pretreated or dewatered material, for example a web, consisting of a filter cake that is fed in a non-uniformly crushed manner.

The purpose of the present invention is to be able to pressurize the raw material to be treated continuously for a long period of time, even when there are differences not only in the thickness of the pressurized raw material and the filter cake, but also in the compressibility of the raw material and the filter cake. The object of the present invention is to provide a device or a machine of the type mentioned above, in which a compressed area is created which allows good harmonization without loss of compressive force.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of a tunnel or similar device or machine as mentioned at the outset.
This is achieved by providing a support or pressurizing means forming a pressurized space or chamber with a straight longitudinal axis, i.e. a dewatering or filtration area. and this pressure or support belt is directly or indirectly sealed by the walls of the tunnel, locally delimited, in particular several tunnels are arranged, and the pressure and support belt is at least by an elastic belt or similar. It completely envelops the filter belt and the raw material to be processed. This has a number of positive effects on the raw materials processed by the equipment or machine.

In particular, this is because the pressure and the pressurization of the raw materials are suitably controlled within the closed tunnel. These effects are further enhanced if the sealing belt is formed as a closed or open hollow body, preferably an elastic hollow pad or bladder 1, especially a tubular body. A practical embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the sealing chamber is connected to a pressure source, in particular a pump.

A preferred embodiment of the device or machine according to the invention is that the elastic sealing belt, in particular the hollow body or hollow pad, is brought into contact with the tunnel wall by means of an insert.

According to the present invention, the pressurization or filtration operation can be conveniently controlled, especially by providing at least three seal belts in which compression regions with different pressures are formed. If several compression zones are provided, it is convenient to increase the pressure along the direction of belt travel from compression zone to compression zone and then decrease it toward the outlet of the raw material.

In practice, a pressure belt with longitudinal grooves for discharging the squeezed filtrate on the side of the screen belt is provided, especially in the direction opposite to the direction of travel of the belt, and a tube or the like is provided to control the device. During operation, it is conveniently slid into the flute for draining the filtrate, and a tube or hose is provided extending from the inlet side of the pressure belt to the first compression area.

The drainage of the filtrate is improved by providing a belt that passes from the inlet to the outlet, especially with a slight upward slope.

The problem of sealing, i.e. controlling the pressure conditions in the processing tunnel according to the invention, can be addressed by further developing the invention by making the side edges of the pressure belt thicker than the middle and/or by making the outside of the pressure belt thicker. It is more effective by rounding the surface of the belt, and in particular by making the package consisting of the pressure belt, filtration belt, and processing raw material have a nearly rectangular cross section, with both ends approximately semicircular. can be done.

Sealing problems, pressure conditions and dewatering can be addressed by forming the mutually contacting side edges of the pressure belt thicker than the central part, and by providing at least one longitudinal groove and sealing cables or cables parallel to the longitudinal groove. Arranging a rope, in particular a tunnel or similar structure with a substantially rectangular cross-section, subjecting it to a pressurized medium, in particular a pressurized fluid, along the direction of its travel, at least between the first and last sealing belts, This can be done effectively by wrapping it up.

The structure of the device or machine according to the invention is preferably such that a tunnel or the like, in particular rectangular in cross-section, is constructed with a pressure plate and a tong-like member that securely grips both ends of the pressure plate.

If an anti-wear sleeve is provided between the belt packaging body and the sealing belt, especially the sealing hollow body, e.g. the sealing tube, the gap between the sealing belt and the pressure belt may leak during operation of the device, and leakage media, especially leakage water, may also occur. Since it is conveniently adjusted with oil or alcohol, it is possible to not only protect the sealing material but also improve the slidability of the pressure belt.

When assembling the device according to the invention, it is preferable to form the sealing belt in sections, the ends of which are clamped by inserts or adhesives inserted into the tunnel, connected to each other in a sealed manner and jointed in the liquid. . The anti-wear sleeve is also preferably formed in two pieces, and the overlapping ends of the sleeve are bonded together using an adhesive or the like.

In practice, better control of the pressure conditions can be achieved by designing the sealing belt as a hollow body, hollow pad or bladder, so as to be subject to the various internal pressures generated by the pressure medium. Regulation of this pressure condition is made more effective by constructing the individual hollow sealing belt from several hollow belt sections, such that the ends of the hollow chambers are subjected to higher pressure during operation of the device than the rest of the hollow chamber. It can be done. For this purpose, the sealing belts and the tunnels of approximately rectangular cross section, in particular in a belt wrapper of approximately rectangular cross section, are arranged in four, preferably central parts, one each extending above and below the belt wrapper. It consists of four parts, one extending in the width or thickness direction of the body, the four parts being fixed at an angle of 45'' to each other in the end region of the package.

The region with the highest pressure in the tunnel is connected to a pressure source, in particular a pump supplying the region with a pressure medium, preferably pressurized water, and the adjacent region of the tunnel is connected to a leakage water flowing between the sealing belt and the belt wrap. If the pressure is followed by the pressure, the operating energy consumption can be kept particularly low even if the device is maintained at a predetermined pressure condition.

The circulation of the pressure medium is such that leakage water or compressed water is withdrawn after passing through the compression area of the tunnel upstream of the sealing belt or sealing box at the inlet and outlet ends of the belt or tunnel, in particular the reservoir storing the pressurized medium. This can be effectively done by connecting the pump to a pressure source, especially a pump. The end of the sealing belt or sealing box is designed as a hollow body with a pressure resistance of 0.2 to 1 bar higher than the pressure of air as pressure medium during operation.

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to drawings showing embodiments.

As shown in the schematic explanatory diagram of FIG. 1, the dewatering device includes a lower endless filtration belt 4 through which the raw material to be dehydrated passes, and an upper endless filtration belt 3.

The lower filter belt 4 is formed as a support screen,
Multiple rolls, namely screen belt adjustment roll 1
11, passes through a bending roll 114 and a tension roll 113. The upper filter belt 3 is formed as a cover screen and includes a guide roll 114', a tension roll 113'
and an adjustment roll 111'.

The raw material to be dewatered is fed from the feeding device 107 to the lower filter belt 4, and the cake of non-uniform thickness is dewatered between the two filter belts 3.4.

In the compression zone, the two filter belts 3.4 are supported by circulating endless pressure belts 1 and 2.
The lower pressure belt 2 and the upper pressure belt 1 are supported by bending rolls 109, 109' and other tension rolls and adjustment rolls. Driving force is applied at rolls 108, 108°. Small bending rolls may be provided at the beginning and end of this pressure line. The pressure belts 1 and 2 are made of an elastic material, such as rubber or plastic, that does not allow water or liquids to pass through. Support member 10
5 and 106 act to apply a desired compressive force to the pressure belts 1 and 2, the filter belts 3 and 4, and the pressure cake sandwiched between them. These support members 5 and 6 support the entire compressive force, so they have a strong structure.
On both sides of the dehydrator, upper and lower support members 105, 106
are interconnected so that the entire compressive force can be obtained over a short transmission distance. This means that the filter bed (base of the dehydrator)
Since there is no need to transmit high compressive force to the dehydrator, there is an advantage that the dehydrator can be constructed relatively lightweight and economically. According to the invention, from the support member 105, 106 the movable pressure belt 1
, 2 is primarily provided by hydrostatic means, as shown in detail in FIGS. 2-5.

Although the compression region in FIG. 1 is linear, the first diagram shows a curved compression region. The pressure belts in this case are labeled 1' and 2', while the filter or screen belt is labeled 3'.

4' is attached. Support members for the pressure belt are a drum 105' on one side and a curved structure 106' on the other side. If necessary, the linear compressed areas can be replaced by these concave and convex curved bodies.

Figure 1b shows a similar modification. The filter or screen belts 3', 4' are subjected to the action of pressure means 1'2', the pressure means 1' being formed as belts and the pressure means 2'
' is designed as a support ring, which is arranged or attached to a rotating torus or support roll 120, which may be driven. Pump 123 or other pressure source
Desired pressure conditions are supplied from the other side of the pressure means (torus 2', belt 1'). Support member 1
05', 106' act via hydrostatic means on the pressure means 1', 2' and on the filter or screen belts 3', 4', as will be described below.

The pressure belt 1.2 has longitudinal grooves la and 2 on its screen side.
a (FIG. 2), from which the filtrate is extracted in a direction opposite to the belt traveling direction (arrow F in FIG. 1).

As shown in FIG.
2a (see Fig. 1). Preferably, each flute is provided with one tube or hose. As is clear from Figure 1, these tubes (or hoses) should be placed away from the inlet side leading to the first compression zone of the belt 1.2 to avoid sucking filtrate from the wet cake before pressurization. is preferred. The suction effect of the filtrate is increased by tilting the belt slightly upwards in its running direction (see FIG. 1).

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■--■ in FIG. 1, which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the device or machine. The pressure belts 1 and 2 have thick side edges, for example, rounded edges. The entire belt package consisting of pressure belts 1, 2, filter belts 3.4 and treated raw material or cake 5 thus has an approximately rectangular cross-section with semicircular sides.

However, instead of being rounded or polygonal, the edge-bound or rectangular cross-section belt structure can also be beveled.

The pressure belts 1 and 2 are provided with grooves 6a at their end edges,
It prevents compressed water from entering between the pressure belts,
and a sealed cable 6 that aligns the two belts.
is provided. This has the function of guiding and sealing the groove in its circulation direction.

The belt wrap passes through a rectangular channel filled with a pressurized medium, preferably a pressurized fluid.

This channel is hermetically sealed with a pressure plate 7 at its top and bottom and with tongs 12 on both sides to form a tunnel 21. This channel or tunnel 21 has several compressed regions 21 along its direction of travel.
- Z5 (see FIG. 3), and the pressure increases, for example, in the direction of travel.

According to the invention, specific areas which allow a reliable sealing effect simultaneously with the movement of the belt wrap are located at the entrance and exit of the belt wrap to the tunnel 21, outside the tunnel 21 and between the individual compression zones 21 to 25. Formed at the point of separation. In the present invention, sealing is achieved by means of an elastic sealing material 8, in particular in the form of a tube or hose, which encloses the belt package.

In the area of the compression zones 21 to Z5, an automatic bladder seal 8 is preferably attached via an insert 9 directly to the channel or tunnel 21.

Although it is acceptable for small amounts of leakage water to flow between the belt wraps, the anti-wear sleeve 10 is provided so that the belt wraps are not substantially in contact and therefore the bladder seal 8
It is preferable that the sealing portion consisting of the sleeve 10 and the anti-wear sleeve 10 be tensioned with little friction.

These bladder seals separate the compressed zones 21-Z5 enveloping the belt wrapper from each other and from their surroundings. This is possible because the seal is usually arranged around the belt wrap in the direction of belt travel and seals the belt wrap.

The bladder sealing material 8 is made of an elastic material with high tensile strength and high density, such as fiber-reinforced rubber. Bladder
The sealing material 8 is reinforced by an insert 9 as described below.

In principle, each bladder seal material endlessly wraps around the belt package. As mentioned above, the anti-wear sleeve 1
0 is provided between the bladder seal material 8 and the belt packaging body to protect the bladder seal material from wear.

The sleeve 10 generally goes around or wraps around the belt wrap, but is preferably divided into two parts, with the top and bottom of the sleeve 10 overlapping at their edge parts.

Bladder seal material (may be divided into several parts).

Each bladder seal can therefore be divided into several parts and each end clamped in the insert 9. Therefore, for example, the amount of water leakage can be improved by arranging the individual bladders in the region of the belt edge on the higher pressure side than by arranging the individual bladders on a flat belt surface.

If the belt wrapping body has a rectangular cross section, each section can be divided into four parts 8', 8', as shown in Fig. 2c, and the two divided bladders (8') form the belt wrapping body. The other two divided bladders (8') extend in the thickness direction.

Preferably, each bladder 8' contacts at an angle of 45°.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the arrangement of compression areas in the direction of machine travel. FIG. 3 shows an example of an arrangement of several sections in the form of a sealing insert with a pressurized bladder, forming five different compression zones 21-Z5. The sealing materials 30 and 31 separate leaked water.

The region Z1 with the highest pressure is supplied with pressurized fluid, preferably water, by a pump 32. The supplied water passes through the adjacent seal insert or section 8 and, like the leakage water, passes into the adjacent compression zone Z2. where the pressure is lower. Enter Z5 and sequentially compress the area Z3. Enter Z4. If the arrangement consists of several stages, the amount of leakage water has to be treated at once and the pressure is lowered through the provided number of seal inserts and compression areas. be able to.

This means that the output of the pump can be reduced in order to obtain a compression force, and furthermore, when the pressurized bladder is only subject to the pressure difference between the two compression areas, a high compression force is obtained and the bladder material There is no need to put excessive stress on people.

In the channel or tunnel 21, along the flow direction of the leakage water (upstream of the seals 30 and 31), a drain 36, 37 is provided after the last compression area, from which the compressed water can drain. It is returned to the water storage tank (working container) 38 and supplied to the circulation pump 32.

In the channel or tunnel 21, the sealing box 30.31 provided outside the drain pipes 36 and 37 is
Prevents circulating water that has lost pressure from leaking out of machinery or equipment. These sealing boxes have the same structure as the area boundaries, but are approximately 0.2-1 bar higher than the internal pressure and are supplied with air as pressurizing medium, so
For example, the anti-wear sleeve 10 made of Teflon is strongly pressed against the belt wrapping body 41, and there is no risk of leakage water escaping. This is a leak-proof sliding seal. Although the friction is greater than that of a sealing material against water leakage, it can be easily controlled by using a low pressure and by selecting a material that slides well against the sleeve.

In the compression region, the pressure is adjusted as follows. As the solids content in the pressurized feed (filtrate) or cake increases and the strength of the feed or cake increases, the pressure in the main compression zone 21 is increased in the direction of machine travel. At the outlet of the machine, the pressure is reduced depending on the desired pressure difference of the sealing inserts in one or several sealing inserts 8 arranged one behind the other. Figures 3a and 3b partially illustrate further variations.

In FIG. 3a, a pressure reducing valve 17' is provided.

This embodiment is applied when dependent areas 22 and the like are to be replenished appropriately. This is necessary if the pressure gradient or the dimensions of the bladder are required so that the amount of leakage liquid from zone Z1 to 22 is lower than that from 22 to 23.

Replenishment is via line 17°°° and pressure reducing valve 17'.
This is done by pump 32.

Another modification is shown in FIG. 3b. Most of the pressurized fluid initially flows from the pump 32 into the region of highest pressure Z1. The area 22 etc. following this is the pressure holding valve 1
7' to maintain the desired low pressure. Even if there is an excess supply, it will be extracted. If the desired pressure gradient or bladder configuration is such that the amount of leakage from region Z1 to 22 is greater than that from region Z2 to 23, then region 2
2 and the like to the water tank 38 is controlled.

Next, examples of the seal according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view in the direction of machine movement. The pressurized bladder 8 is arranged in such a way that it can pressure compensate the compression area. FIG. 5 shows an example of the modification. In this case, the pressurized bladder 8 is subject to externally applied pressure.

First, the control of pressure adjustment in each region when using the seal insert equipped with the pressure compensation mechanism shown in FIG. 4 will be described. Compressed water is supplied to the main compression region (Zl) by a pump 32. The supplied compressed water passes through the successively arranged seal inserts 8 as leakage water and the pressure gradually decreases. This adjusts the pressure difference to be approximately equal between each seal unit (with respect to the flow direction). The value of the pressure difference varies depending on the initial pressure in the main compression zone (Zl) and the number of seal inserts per leakage water in the flow direction.

If the construction of all bladder seals is the same, the amount of leakage water will increase correspondingly upstream and downstream of the seal insert 8 as the pressure differential increases.

Since the pressure in the region varies according to the degree of compaction of the processed material or cake and increases with dewatering, it is necessary to vary the pressure differential between the individual seal inserts.

This is accomplished as follows. That is, when the pressure difference is small, the individual areas (pressure control 15
- 19) may be discharged, and if the pressure difference is large, pressurized fluid may be supplied to the individual compression regions.

Next, the control of pressure adjustment when the seal insert 8 is subject to external pressure as shown in FIG. 5 will be explained.

This type of pressure control utilizes the following operational effects of the bladder seal 8. That is, given the bladder construction, the amount of leakage water with respect to the upstream pressure in the compression region can be reduced as the bladder pressure increases.

If the pressure in the bladder seal 8 is lower than in the compression region, the amount of leakage water is increased accordingly.

According to this method, the adjustment of the bladder sealing material can be performed according to the difference in the thickness of the belt package, for example, the thickness of the cake or the pressure-compressed belt or the cake. It can be done with dimensions.

Preferably, the pressure is controlled as shown in FIG. A pump 32 supplies water from a reservoir 38 to the main compression zone. A throttle, or throttle valve 34 downstream of the pump, regulates the flow rate. A resistance valve 33 is provided downstream of the throttle valve, from which the supply line 14 leads to the pressure regulating valves 15 to 19 and further to the bladder seal 8. These pressure regulating valves adjust the pressure to a desired level.

The amount of water leaking through the individual seal inserts 8 is the same.

If the pressure difference between adjacent areas of the seal insert is low, a large gap will result.

For proper operation of the machine, the amount of water must be adjusted so that the gap is large enough to provide a maximum pressure difference between adjacent areas of the seal insert.

In summary, the present invention consists of the following components.
Belt packaging, upper and lower support belts 1 with longitudinal grooves la, 2a for dehydration and lateral guide grooves 6a
, 2. A package consisting of a transverse sealing belt 6, an upper and a lower filter belt 3, 4 holding the raw material to be pressurized, a pressurizing channel or tunnel with one or more compression zones, e.g. 21 to Z5. 21. A pressurized fluid, preferably water, enveloping the entire surface of the belt wrap. and,
The compression areas are separated by seals 8 arranged in the pressure channels, enclosing the belt wrapper perpendicular to the direction of machine travel.

In addition to these, as mentioned above, the self-adjusting bladder 8
, which adjusts a small gap, e.g. 0.05mm gap, to the belt packaging so that the leakage water supplied to the main compression area passes through the mutually aligned area boundaries and the belt packaging This allows the body to pass between the sealing materials with extremely low frictional resistance.

The bladder seal is connected in an open manner upstream of the compression area, as shown in Figure 4, and the gap and amount of leakage are determined by the dimensions (of the bladder seal) and the adjacent area. self-adjusting as a function of the pressure difference between. The bladder seals shown in FIG. It can be changed by changing the pressure difference in the area. A separate pressure-fed bladder seal according to FIG. 5 follows the required pressure upstream of the region.

The filtrate produced by the squeezing is suctioned by a tube or hose 5a extending into the flute up to the section of the first compression zone, so that the cake in the no longer (less strongly) pressurized zone does not become wet again. . This can also be achieved by blowing or suctioning at the exit suction 1.

As previously mentioned, locating the pressurized channel or tunnel 21 slightly upward in its progression can increase the suction of the filtrate. For this purpose, the above-mentioned device is preferably provided with a drain for leakage water and a first seal, the second seal being a bladder seal, the inside of the bladder being under pressure and the sliding It is movably provided.

The above-mentioned means may be supplemented with pressure control according to FIG. 3 and automatic advancement control of the belt wrap by means of a bladder seal. A preferred form is the self-centering effect of the bladder seal on the belt wrap.

Figures 2b and 2c show another embodiment of the pressure belt that guides the sealing material, and Figure 2b shows a wedge-shaped protrusion 6b.
FIG. 2c shows a chuck 6d.

FIG. 2a shows another embodiment for dewatering and draining the filtrate. The pressure belts 1, 2 are provided with transverse grooves 1b, 2b which terminate in longitudinally extending drainage channels 20.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1, FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b are all schematic explanatory views of a dewatering device or a dehydrator equipped with pressurizing or compressing means according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the core portion taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1. FIGS. 2a to 2e are partial sectional views showing modifications of FIG. 2, respectively. 3, FIG. 3a, and FIG. 3b are longitudinal sectional views taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 2, respectively. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of the seal and adjacent parts of the device and machine, respectively. 1.1', 2.2'...pressure belt 3.3' 4.
4'... Filter belt 5... Cake 5a... Hose 6... Seal cable 6a... Groove 7... Pressure plate 8... Elastic sealing material (bladder sealing material) 9...・Insert 10...Abrasion prevention sleeve 12...Tongs 15-19...Pressure control valve 21...Tunnel 30.31...Seal part (seal box) 32...
- Pump 36, 37... Drain 38... Water tank (container) 105, 106... Support members 21 to Z5... Compression area

Claims (88)

[Claims] (1) A device for pressurized dehydration or filtration of sludge, suspensions of fibrous materials, and suspensions of cellulosic materials, between which the material to be dehydrated or filtered is passed. a circulating filter belt, two circulating pressure or support belts facing and supporting said two belts away from the raw material to be treated, and fixed during operation of the apparatus, which are connected to the filter belts; In an apparatus comprising means for supporting or pressurizing the raw materials to be treated facing a pressurizing or supporting belt away from the raw materials to be treated, the supporting or pressurizing means forming a tunnel for compaction or a dewatering or filtration area, said tunnel has a wall, said pressure or support belt being locally delimited by at least a pressure or support belt, a filter belt and an elastic belt enveloping the raw material to be processed, against said tunnel wall; A device characterized in that it is sealed. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tunnel has a straight longitudinal axis. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressure or support belt is divided into sections within the tunnel and sealed against the tunnel wall by elastic belts. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the sealing belt is formed as a hollow body. (5) The device according to claim 4, wherein the hollow body is a hollow pad or bladder. (6) The device according to claim 4, wherein the hollow body is tubular or hose-shaped. 7. The device of claim 4, wherein the hollow chamber of the sealing belt is connected to the space between the pressure or support belt and the support or pressure means. 8. The device of claim 4, wherein the hollow chambers of the sealing belts are connected to the spaces between the pressure or support belts and between the individual elastic sealing belts. 9. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the hollow chamber of the elastic seal belt is connected to a pressure source. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resilient sealing belt is attached to the tunnel wall via an insert. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least three elastic sealing belts forming compression zones. (12) The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein compressed regions having different pressures are formed. (13) A plurality of compression regions are provided, and the pressure increases from the first compression region to the next compression region as viewed in the traveling direction of the belt, and then the pressure decreases toward the outlet of the raw material. Device. (14) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressure belt is provided with a longitudinal groove on the filter belt side for discharging the compressed filtrate. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the means for discharging the filtrate from the longitudinal groove is provided on a side opposite to the direction of travel of the belt. (16) The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein a pipe or a hose is provided in the longitudinal groove for discharging the filtrate, and the tube or hose is provided in a stationary state during operation of the apparatus, and is provided so as to be slidable with respect to the longitudinal groove during operation. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the tube or hose enters the first compression zone away from the inlet side of the pressure belt. 18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the pressure or support belt is arranged to pass at a slight upward slope from its inlet to its outlet. (19) The device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure belt or the support belt is thicker at the side edges than at the center. (20) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the outer corners of the pressure belt are rounded. (21) The outer end of the pressure or support belt is rounded, and the belt package consisting of the pressure belt, filtration belt, and processing raw material has an approximately rectangular cross section, and both ends thereof are approximately semicircular. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the apparatus is configured to: 22. The device of claim 1, wherein the pressure or support belts touch each other at their side edges and are provided with at least one groove, in which a parallel cable or rope is provided. . (23) The device according to claim 22, wherein the side edge portions of the pressure or support belt are formed thicker than the center portion thereof. 24. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tunnel follows the pressure medium. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the tunnel is of generally rectangular cross section. (26) The tunnel is between the first and last elastic seal belts that enclose the belt wrapper as seen in the direction of belt travel;
25. The device of claim 24, which follows a pressure medium. (27) Claim 1, wherein the tunnel is formed of a pressure plate and a tong-shaped member that firmly grips both ends of the pressure plate.
equipment. (28) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a wear-preventing sleeve is provided between the belt wrapper and the elastic seal belt. (29) The device of claim 1, wherein the gap between the elastic seal belt and the pressure belt is adjusted by leakage during operation of the device. 30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the gap is automatically adjusted by leakage liquid. 31. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elastic seal belt is split at least once and the ends of the belt are sealingly connected to each other by an insert mounted within the tunnel. 32. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the anti-wear sleeve is divided into several sections, the ends of each section of the sleeve being sealingly connected to each other. (33) An elastic seal belt formed as a hollow body,
2. The device of claim 1, which is subjected to different internal pressures depending on the pressurized medium. (34) Each elastic hollow sealing belt consists of several hollow belt sections, and the hollow chambers of the belt sections arranged at the ends of the belt receive a pressure medium having a higher pressure than the remaining belt sections during operation of the device. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, as supplied. (35) In a belt wrap or tunnel of approximately rectangular cross-section, the elastic sealing belt is divided into four sections, one each extending above and below the belt wrap, and each extending the width or thickness of the belt wrap. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the four sections are connected to each other in the region of the ends of the package. (36) Only the area with the highest pressure in the tunnel is connected to a pressurization source from which pressurized fluid or liquid is supplied to said area, and the adjacent area of the tunnel is provided with an elastic sealing belt. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the pressure is provided by a fluid or liquid flowing between the belt wrap. (37) Leakage, i.e. pressurized fluid or liquid,
37. The device of claim 36, adapted to be discharged or withdrawn upstream of the elastic seal belt at the inlet and outlet ends of the belt or tunnel after passing through the compression region of the tunnel. 38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the leak, i.e. the pressurized fluid or liquid, is connected to a reservoir receiving a pressure medium and connected to a source of pressurization. (39) The device according to claim 24, wherein the end portion of the elastic seal belt is structured to seal leakage water during operation. 40. The device of claim 39, wherein the elastic sealing belt is formed as a hollow body with a pressure resistance of 0.2 to 1 bar higher than the internal pressure. (41) most of the pressurized fluid flows into the region of highest pressure;
37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the subsequent region is maintained at the desired pressure, such as by vacuum. (42) most of the pressurized fluid flows into the region of highest pressure;
37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the subsequent region is maintained at the desired pressure by supplementing with an appropriate amount of fluid. (43) most of the pressurized fluid flows into the region of highest pressure;
37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the region following it is held at the desired pressure by a pressure holding valve. (44) most of the pressurized fluid flows into the region of highest pressure;
37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the subsequent region is maintained at the desired pressure by withdrawing the desired amount of fluid. (45) Apparatus for pressurized dewatering or filtering of sludge, suspensions of fibrous materials, and suspensions of cellulosic materials, the apparatus comprising two circulating channels through which the material to be pressurized dehydrated or filtered is passed. a filter belt, two circulating pressure or support belts which face and support said two belts away from the raw material to be treated, which are fixed during operation of the apparatus, and which are In an apparatus comprising means for supporting and pressurizing raw materials facing a pressurizing or supporting belt apart from the raw materials to be treated, the supporting or pressurizing means is a pressurized space or pressurized chamber for compression, i.e. dewatering. or forming a filtration area, said pressurized space having walls, and said pressurizing or supporting belt being partially localized by an elastic belt which entirely envelops at least the pressurizing or supporting belt, the filter belt and the raw material to be treated; A device characterized in that the device is sealed against a wall of the pressurized space in a divided state. (46) The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the pressurized space has a straight longitudinal axis. (47) The apparatus according to claim 45, wherein the pressure or support belt is divided into several parts within the pressure space by the elastic belt and sealed against the wall of the pressure space. (48) The device of claim 45, wherein the elastic sealing belt is formed as a hollow body. (49) The device of claim 48, wherein the hollow body is a hollow pad or bladder. (50) Claim 4, wherein the hollow body is tubular or hose-shaped.
8 device. 51. The apparatus of claim 48, wherein the hollow chamber of the elastic sealing belt is connected between the pressure or support belt and the support or pressure means. 52. The apparatus of claim 48, wherein the hollow chambers of the elastic seal belts are connected between the pressure or support belt and the support or pressure means and between the individual elastic seal belts. (53) The apparatus of claim 48, wherein the hollow chamber of the elastic seal belt is connected to a pressure source. 54. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the resilient sealing belt is attached to the wall of the pressurized space via an insert. 55. The apparatus of claim 45, further comprising at least three elastic sealing belts forming compression zones. (56) The device according to claim 55, wherein compressed regions having different pressures are formed. (57) The apparatus of claim 55, comprising a plurality of compression zones, wherein the pressure initially increases from compression zone to compression zone as seen in the direction of travel of the belt, and then decreases toward the outlet of the raw material. (58) Claim 4, wherein the pressure belt is provided with a vertical groove on the filter belt side for discharging the compressed filtrate.
5 device. (59) The apparatus of claim 58, wherein the means for discharging the filtrate from the longitudinal groove is provided on a side opposite the direction of travel of the belt. 60. The device of claim 14, wherein the pipe or hose that is provided in the vertical groove for discharging the filtrate in a stationary state during operation of the device is provided so as to be slidable with respect to the vertical groove during operation. 61. The apparatus of claim 60, wherein the tube or hose enters the first compression zone away from the inlet side of the pressure belt. 62. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein the pressure or support belt is arranged to pass at a slight upward slope from its inlet to its outlet. (63) The device according to claim 45, wherein the pressure belt or the support belt is thicker at the side edges than at the center. (64) The apparatus according to claim 45, wherein the outer corner of the pressure belt is rounded. (65) The outer end of the pressure or support belt is rounded, and the belt package composed of the pressure belt, the filtration belt, and the processing raw material has a substantially rectangular cross section, and both ends thereof are substantially semicircular. 46. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the apparatus is configured to:. 66. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the pressure or support belts contact each other at their side edge portions and are provided with at least one groove, the longitudinal grooves being provided with parallel cables. (67) The device according to claim 60, wherein the side edge portions of the pressure or support belt are formed thicker than the center portion thereof. (68) The apparatus of claim 45, wherein pressurized fluid is supplied to the pressurized space between the first and last elastic sealing belts that enclose the belt wrap when viewed in the direction of belt travel. (69) The device according to claim 68, wherein the pressurized space is formed, in particular substantially rectangular in cross section. (70) Claim 6, wherein the pressurizing space is formed of a tong-shaped member that firmly grips the pressurizing plate and both ends thereof.
8 device. (71) The device according to claim 45, wherein a wear-preventing sleeve is provided between the belt wrapper and the elastic seal belt. 72. The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the gap between the elastic seal belt and the pressure or support belt is adjusted by leakage during operation of the apparatus. 73. The apparatus of claim 72, wherein the gap is automatically adjusted by leakage liquid. (74) Claim 4, wherein the elastic sealing belt is split at least once, and the ends of the belt are sealingly connected to each other by an insert installed in the pressurized space.
5 device. 75. The apparatus of claim 71, wherein the anti-wear sleeve is divided into several sections, the ends of each section of the sleeve being sealingly connected to each other. (76) An elastic seal belt formed as a hollow body,
46. The apparatus of claim 45, which is subjected to different internal pressures by the pressurized medium. (77) Each elastic hollow sealing belt consists of several hollow belt sections, the hollow chambers of the belt sections arranged at the ends of the belt being able to absorb a pressure medium with a higher pressure than the remaining belt sections during operation of the device. 46. The apparatus of claim 45, as supplied. (78) In a belt wrap or pressurized space that is approximately rectangular in cross section, the elastic sealing belt is divided into four sections, one each extending above and below the belt wrap, and each of the width or thickness of the belt wrap. 46. The device of claim 45, comprising four longitudinally extending sections connected to each other in the region of the ends of the package. (79) Only the area with the maximum pressure in the pressurized space is connected to a pressurization source, from which pressurized fluid or liquid is supplied to said area, and the adjacent area of the pressurized space is 65. The apparatus of claim 64, wherein the pressure is provided by a fluid or liquid flowing between the resilient seal belt and the belt wrap. (80) Leakage, i.e. pressurized fluid or liquid,
80. The device of claim 79, adapted to be discharged or withdrawn upstream of the elastic sealing belt at the inlet and outlet ends of the belt or the pressurized space after passing through the compression region of the pressurized space. (81) Leakage, i.e. pressurized fluid or liquid,
81. The apparatus of claim 80, connected to a reservoir for receiving a pressure medium and connected to a source of pressurization. (82) The device according to claim 80, wherein the end portion of the elastic seal belt is structured to seal water leakage during operation. 83. The device of claim 80, wherein the elastic sealing belt is formed as a hollow body with a pressure resistance of 0.2 to 1 bar above the internal pressure. 84. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein a majority of the pressurized fluid enters the region of highest pressure and subsequent regions are maintained at the desired pressure by pressure reducing valves. (85) most of the pressurized fluid flows into the region of highest pressure;
80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the subsequent region is maintained at the desired pressure by supplementing with an appropriate amount of fluid. (86) most of the pressurized fluid flows into the region of highest pressure;
80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the following region is held at the desired pressure by a pressure holding valve. (87) most of the pressurized fluid flows into the region of highest pressure;
80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the subsequent region is maintained at the desired pressure by withdrawing the desired amount of fluid. (88) An apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.