JPH0266204A - Wall surface block structure for protecting biological environment in protective wall for river, sand, or mountain area - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate maintenance of biological environment and protection of small animals by composing first wall surface block bodies to construct a wall surface block structure, and disposing second wall surface block bodies in it. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of first wall surface block bodies 10 are composed to construct a wall surface block structure, and second wall surface block bodies 20 having a hollow part 22, having an aperture 24 opening on the surface part 23, of a similar form to the block body 10 formed in a block body 21 are disposed in proper positions under a standard water level W.L of the wall surface block structure, so a wall surface block structure B is formed for a protective wall or the like. The hollow parts 22 are to be used to be nests formed by river fishes (or birds or small animals for protective walls in a mountain area). Discharge passages are provided connected with the hollow parts 22 to make discharge of sand and water easy, and the aperture 24 is provided with partition frames of grids or metal gauze through which hands cannot be inserted, so the small animals are protected from the foreign enemy.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a wall block structure for protecting the ecological environment in a river revetment wall, sand control wall, mountain protection wall, etc. In the case of rivers, such as revetment walls to prevent rivers, sand walls to prevent quicksand, or protection walls to prevent collapses in mountains, resting areas or evacuation areas are used for the purpose of protecting the ecological environment of river fish. This refers to wall block structures that serve as nesting sites in the broad sense of the word, and in the latter mountain areas, allow birds and small animals to nest for the same purpose. be.

[Conventional technology] Generally, this pier is a river revetment wall or sand control wall.

and wall block structures constituting protective walls in mountainous areas, i.e., for preventing erosion in rivers.

In wall block structures such as quay walls and sand control walls that are built for the purpose of preventing quicksand, the structure itself has traditionally been designed to serve the intended purpose, such as preventing erosion by running water or preventing quicksand. This is also true for protection walls built to prevent collapses in mountainous areas, and both of these are constructed only for extremely rational and appropriate purposes. is a common practice and a normal reality.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Therefore, in the conventional wall block structure constructed in this way, for example, as shown in FIG.
) In this construction, when looking at the wall block structure (B), its construction mode is usually a wall block such as concrete formed into a predetermined external shape corresponding to one masonry type. With the main aim of reducing the flow path resistance as much as possible by using a plurality of wall block bodies (1) and using empirically obtained masonry means,
The surface part that will come into direct contact with the flowing water (C) is assembled based on the form standard so that it is completely flat in the as-is construction. A
), they are built based on form standards that are sufficient to simply dam up quicksand.

Therefore, in the wall block structure (B) with this configuration, on the one hand, it plays the expected role, that is, in this case,
Each of these can achieve the objectives of preventing erosion by running water and preventing quicksand, but on the other hand, as is clear from the cross-sectional structure in Figure 8, this wall block structure The river (A) itself, including the revetment wall according to (B), takes on a kind of gutter-like, so-called trough-like shape, and the part that obstructs the flow of running water (C), or the resting part that becomes a shade. As a result, the ecological environment for river fish and other species will be eroded, and there is a risk that these river fish will no longer be able to live due to their habits. In addition, in this state, for example, even when the river (A) rises and the flowing water (C) becomes a torrent, the part that avoids the flow,
In other words, since there is no refuge area to hide in the shade, river fish and other species are washed away, making it increasingly impossible for them to live there, resulting in environmental destruction. Protective walls are no exception.
Similarly, the formation and existence of this protective wall eroded the ecological environment of small birds and small animals, making it impossible for them to nest.

This invention is an attempt to improve these conventional problems, and its purpose is to provide a rest area or evacuation area for river fish, etc. in river revetment walls and sand control walls. To provide a wall block structure for protecting the ecological environment, which serves as a nesting place in a broad sense, and also enables suitable nesting of birds and small animals in the case of protective walls in mountainous areas. .

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the wall block structure for ecological environment protection in river revetment walls, sand control walls, mountain protection walls, etc. according to the present invention is suitable for river revetment walls, sand control walls, etc. of any masonry structure type. A wall block structure constructed by integrally assembling a predetermined number of unit blocks, such as a wall or a mountain protection wall, which is formed into a predetermined external shape corresponding to the masonry type. The first
and a second wall block body formed by forming a cavity inside the main body and opening all, `` or a part of this cavity toward the surface side, The present invention is characterized in that the second wall block body is disposed at an appropriate position of a wall block structure constructed by assembling a plurality of wall block bodies.

Moreover, the wall block structure for ecological environment protection according to the present invention has an external shape when a plurality of first wall blocks are assembled as expected, and an external shape of a second wall block as a single unit. are formed into the same shape, and a series of hollow portions are formed inside the main body extending between a plurality of unit blocks in the second wall block body, and If it is a wall block body, if it is a revetment wall, at least the downstream part, if it is a protection wall,
It is characterized in that a discharge passage communicating with the cavity inside the main body is formed at least in the lower part thereof, and the hand part is at least prevented from being inserted into the opening on the surface side of the second wall block body. It is characterized by having a lattice-like or net-like partition frame, and is further characterized by forming the inner surface of the cavity in the second wall block body into a rough surface.

[Function] Therefore, in the wall block structure for ecological environment protection according to the present invention, the second wall block body is placed at the appropriate position of the wall block structure constructed by assembling a plurality of the first wall block bodies. By arranging this, the cavity formed inside the main body of the second wall block body and opened to the surface side can be used for river fish, etc. It serves as a nesting place in a broad sense, serving as a resting place or refuge for animals, and in the case of protective walls in mountainous areas, it allows birds and small animals to nest.

Furthermore, the outer shape of the assembled first wall block and the outer shape of the second wall block as a single unit are formed into substantially the same shape, so that the second wall By forming a series of cavities inside the main body of the block body, the size of the cavities can be arbitrarily set even if the size of the unit block serving as the molding standard is relatively small. Furthermore, if the second wall block body is a revetment wall, a discharge passage communicating with the cavity inside the main body is formed at least in the downstream portion, so that sand and the like flowing into the cavity can be easily removed. can be discharged,
If this is a protection wall, it can be prevented from being buried due to filling with sand, etc., by forming it at least in the lower part.
Water such as rainwater that enters the cavity can be effectively drained, and the living environment can be maintained in a good condition.

Furthermore, by providing a lattice-like or net-like partition frame in the opening on the front side of the second wall block body to at least prevent the insertion of the hand part, the inside of the cavity can be protected against the invasion of foreign enemies, for example. It can provide sufficient protection, and by forming the inner surface of the cavity of the second wall block body into a rough surface, if it is a revetment wall or sand barrier, it will encourage the establishment and propagation of sphagnum moss etc. within the cavity. However, a protective wall can facilitate the attachment of nest building materials.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the wall block structure for protecting the ecological environment in river revetment walls, sand control walls, mountain protection walls, etc. according to the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. Explain in detail.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the general structure of a river revetment wall according to a first embodiment assembled by applying basic first and second wall block bodies of the present invention, and FIG. )
Figures 1 and 2C are explanatory front views showing the individual masonry structure types of each wall block body as described above.

That is, in the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the symbol (^) indicates the river where the construction is carried out. In addition, (B) is a revetment wall according to the first embodiment applied to the same river (8). In this work, a predetermined number of unit blocks with the same external shape are integrated into a predetermined masonry structure type. In this case, a first wall block body (1G) and a second wall block body formed of reinforced concrete or the like are shown, corresponding to the above-mentioned masonry type. It consists of (20). Furthermore, (C) is the same wall block structure (I
I) shows flowing water flowing in a river (A) protected by a bank.

However, the wall block structure (B
), the first and second wall block bodies (10) and (2
0), one of the first wall block bodies (10) may have a conventionally used normal structure, and the other second wall block body (20) may have the following: The detailed structure will be described next, but the basic structure is that inside the block body (21) there is a cavity (22) that serves as a resting area for river fish, etc., and a nesting area in a broad sense as a refuge area.
At the same time, all or a part of this cavity (22) is covered with a surface part (
23) side as an opening (24).

Furthermore, the masonry method for assembling the first and second wall blocks (10) and (20) is substantially as well known in the past.
It may be any type of so-called cloth stacking (Figure 2 (a)), valley stacking (Figure 2 (b)), and masonry stacking (Figure 2 (C)), and overall, At the same time assembling a plurality of the first wall block bodies (lO), an appropriate number of second wall blocks are assembled at the appropriate location, that is, in this case, a position below the standard water level of the flowing water (C) under normal conditions. By incorporating the body (20), the inside of the cavity (22) can be used as a resting area or evacuation area for river fish and the like, as described above.

Therefore, in the wall block structure (8) of the first embodiment configured as described above, the !th! Since the second wall block body (20) is placed in a proper position of the wall block structure constructed by assembling a plurality of wall block bodies (lO), this second wall block body (20
) is formed inside the block body (21) and has an opening (24) on the surface portion (23) side (
22) is applicable to river revetment walls and sand control walls,
It forms a nest in a broad sense as a resting area or evacuation area for river fish, etc., and is not affected by the flow of running water (C).
It is possible to conserve and protect the ecological environment, and similarly, when applied to protection walls in mountainous areas, it allows birds and small animals to nest, and this construction also helps to preserve and protect the ecological environment. This makes it easy to conserve and protect the environment.

Next, FIGS. 3(a) to C) show a schematic configuration of the second wall block body in the second embodiment, which serves as a river revetment wall, and FIGS. 4(a) to C) These are a front view, a vertical side view, and a cross-sectional plan view, respectively, showing the schematic configuration of a second wall block body in a third embodiment that serves as a protection wall for a mountainous area.

The second wall block body (30) according to the second embodiment is applied as a river revetment wall (or sand control wall) in conjunction with the first wall block body (lO),
The second wall block body (20
), the block body (31) has a hollow part (32) inside it which serves as a resting place for river fish and a shelter in a broad sense. At the same time, eaves portions (35) are provided on a portion of this cavity portion (32), particularly on the upper side, upstream side, and downstream side when assembled together, to the extent that river fish etc. can freely enter and exit. And the surface part (
33) side with an opening (34), and the lower and downstream inner surfaces are gently sloped surfaces (32a) and (32b).
) and connected to the downstream slope (32b), there is a slit-shaped discharge passageway (38) in the downstream eave part (37).
was formed.

Therefore, when the second wall block body (30) according to the second embodiment configured as described above is applied to a river revetment wall (sabo wall) together with the first wall block body (10), is the second wall block body (
In addition to obtaining the same action and effect as in case 20), the hollow part (32) is formed and the eaves part (35) and (3
6) and (37) are left open on the surface portion (33) side, the inside of the cavity (32) is relatively hidden from the surroundings, and the running water (C) is It is isolated from the flow, making it even more useful as a resting and evacuation area for river fish and the like.
32b), together with the discharge passageway (38) on the lower and downstream side of the opening (34) that does not form an eaves, can easily discharge sand flowing into the interior. It is possible to effectively prevent the cavity (32) from being buried due to filling.

On the other hand, the second wall block body according to the third embodiment (
40) is applied as a protection wall in a mountainous area in addition to the first wall block body (10), and in this construction as well, the second wall block body (20) according to the first embodiment is used.
It has basically the same structure as the block body (41), and a cavity (42) is formed inside the block body (41) to allow birds and small animals to nest. An opening (44) is opened on the surface (43) side, leaving an eaves (45) around the inner periphery of the cavity (42) to allow small animals etc. to freely enter and exit. and the inner surface of the lower side is made into a gently sloped surface (42a),
In addition, a slit-shaped discharge passageway (46) is formed at the lower side of the eaves section (45) in series with this inclined surface (42a).

Therefore, when the second wall block body (40) according to the third embodiment configured as described above is applied to a protection wall in a mountainous area together with the first wall block body (10), this is necessary. S also has the same effect as in the case of the second wall block body (20) according to the first embodiment.

In addition to this effect, since the hollow part (42) is opened to the surface part (43) while leaving the eaves part (45) surrounding the inner periphery, the hollow part (42) The inside of the cavity (42) is relatively hidden from the surroundings, making it suitable for nesting for birds and small animals, and a discharge passageway (46) is connected to the slope (42a) on the inner surface of the lower side of the cavity (42). Since the hollow part (42) is formed in the hollow part (42), it is possible to effectively drain water such as rainwater that enters into the cavity part (42), thereby maintaining a good living environment.

Furthermore, FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are a front view and a cross-sectional plan view showing a schematic configuration of a second wall block body in a fourth embodiment that serves as a river revetment wall, and this fourth embodiment In terms of configuration, the overall external shape of a plurality of first wall block bodies (lO), in this case four blocks, which are made up of unit blocks as one molding standard, and as a single unit. Independent second wall block body (50)
This second
A series of cavities (52) are formed inside the block body (51) of the wall block body (50). ) is appropriately opened with an opening (54).

Therefore, the second wall block body (
In the configuration 50), even if the size of the unit block serving as the molding standard is relatively small, the size of the cavity (52) formed inside the block body (51) is made sufficiently large. Can be set.

Further, FIGS. 6 and 7 are partially sectional views showing the structure of the main part of the second wall block body in the fifth and sixth embodiments of the same, respectively, and in the configuration of the former fifth embodiment, The opening (62) of the second wall block (60) opens into the surface (63).
Regarding 64), leave an opening (64a) large enough to allow river fish, birds, small animals, etc. that will use this cavity (62) to enter and exit, and at least prevent the insertion of the hand part. It has a grid-like or net-like partition frame, in this case, a mesh-like partition frame (65), and is configured in this way to protect river fish, birds, and small animals. The inside of the cavity (62) can be sufficiently protected against the invasion of external enemies,
In addition, in the latter sixth embodiment configuration, the second
Regarding a cavity (72) opened with an opening (74) on the surface part (73) side of the wall block body (70), the inner surface thereof is formed into a suitably rough surface (72a),
With this configuration, if this is applied to a revetment wall or sand control wall, the rough surface (
This makes it easier for sphagnum moss to adhere to the cavity 72a), which can encourage the establishment and breeding of sphagnum moss, which is suitable for the cavity (72), and when applied to a protection wall, it is suitable for birds, small animals, etc. This can facilitate the attachment of nest building materials for nest building.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As detailed above, according to the present invention, a river revetment wall or sand control wall of any type of masonry structure is provided.

Or, in a wall block structure constructed by integrally assembling a predetermined number of unit blocks, such as a protection wall in a mountainous area, an appropriate position of a wall block structure constructed by assembling a plurality of first wall blocks. Since the second wall block body is arranged in the second wall block body, the cavity formed inside the main body of the second wall block body and opened to the surface side can be used as a revetment wall in a river. When applied to sand walls, it can form a nesting area in a broad sense as a resting area or evacuation area for river fish, and it can also avoid the effects of rivers rising to turbulent waters. As a result, it is possible to conserve and protect the ecological environment of this type of river fish, making it possible for them to live permanently, and also to protect them in mountainous areas. When applied to walls, this material also facilitates the nesting of birds and small animals, as well as conserves and protects the ecological environment of these birds and small animals. This makes it possible to live there.

Furthermore, the outer shape of the assembled first wall block and the outer shape of the second wall block as a single unit are formed into substantially the same shape, so that the second wall Since a series of cavities are formed inside the main body of the block body, even if the size of the unit block used as the molding standard is relatively small, the size of the cavities can be made sufficiently large. In addition, if a discharge passage communicating with the cavity inside the main body of the second wall block body is provided, and this is applied to a revetment wall,
Since it is formed at least in the downstream part, sand flowing into the cavity can be easily discharged and burying due to sand filling can be prevented. Because of this, rainwater and other water that enters the cavity can be effectively drained and the living environment can be maintained in a good condition.

Further, an opening on the surface side of the cavity in the second wall block body is left open to the extent that river fish, birds, small animals, etc. that use this cavity can enter and exit.
At least a lattice-like or net-like partition frame is installed to prevent the insertion of the paws, so these river fish, birds, and small animals that use this cavity are protected from intrusion by foreign enemies. , the inside of the cavity can be sufficiently protected, and the inner surface of the cavity of the second wall block body is formed into a rough surface, so if it is applied to a seawall or sand barrier, it can be used as a resting area for river fish, etc. It can encourage the establishment and propagation of sphagnum moss and the like in cavities that are suitable as escape areas, and when applied to protective walls, it can facilitate the attachment of nest building materials for nesting.

Furthermore, the structure of the wall block structure according to the present invention is different from conventional wall block structures in that it mainly uses a first wall block body having a similar structure, and has cavities in appropriate places. Since the second wall block body formed with the above structure is simply disposed, it has excellent features such as being extremely simple and easy to construct and being able to be provided at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 7 show different embodiments of the wall block structure for ecological environment protection in river revetment walls, sand control walls, mountain protection walls, etc. according to the present invention. A schematic cross-sectional view showing the general configuration of a river revetment wall according to the first embodiment when assembled by applying the basic first and second wall block bodies, FIGS. 2(a) to 2C
) are front explanatory views showing several examples of the masonry structure types of each of the above wall block bodies, and Figures 3 (a) to C) are the second wall in the second embodiment, which will serve as a river revetment wall. The front view, vertical side view, and cross-sectional plan view showing the general structure of the block body.
A front view, a vertical side view, and a cross-sectional plan view showing the general configuration of the second wall block body in the embodiment, and FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) show the schematic structure of the second wall block body in the fourth embodiment. A front view and a cross-sectional plan view showing the general configuration, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are partial sectional views showing the main structure of the second wall block body in the fifth and sixth embodiments, respectively. Further, FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the general structure of a river revetment wall when assembled using conventional wall blocks. (A)...River, (B)...River revetment wall, (
C)...Running water. (lO)...First wall block body. (20)...Second wall block (first embodiment)
, (21)...Block body, (22)...Cavity part, (23)...Surface part, (24)...Opening part. (30)...Second wall block body (2nd embodiment included) (31)...Block body, (32)...Cavity, (32a)...Lower side slope , (32b)...
・・Downstream slope, (33)・・Surface part, (30・
...Opening part, (35) ...Upper side eave part, (36
)... Upstream side eave part, (37)... Downstream side eave part,
(38)...Discharge passage. (40)...Second wall block body (in the third embodiment) (41)...Block body, (42)...Cavity part, (42a)...Lower side inclined surface , (43)...
・Surface part, (44)...Opening part, (45)...
Inner circumference eave part, (46)...Discharge passage. (50)...Second wall block body (4th embodiment)
%(51)...Block body, (52)...Cavity, (53)...Surface, (54)...Opening. (60)...Second wall block body (fifth embodiment)
, (62)...Cavity part, (63)...Surface part,
(64)...opening, (64a)...opening that serves as an entrance/exit, (65)...net-like partition. (70)...Second wall block body (6th embodiment included) (71)...Block body, (72)...Cavity, (72a)...Rough surface, ( 73)...Surface portion, (74)...Opening portion.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A wall block structure constructed by integrally assembling a predetermined number of unit blocks, such as river revetment walls, sand control walls, mountain protection walls, etc. of any masonry structure type, A first wall block body formed into a predetermined external shape corresponding to the masonry type, a cavity formed inside the body, and all or a part of this cavity opened to the surface side. and a second wall block body formed by molding, and the second wall block body is disposed at an appropriate position of a wall block structure constructed by assembling a plurality of the first wall block bodies. Features: A wall block structure for protecting the ecological environment in river bank walls, sand control walls, mountain protection walls, etc. (2) The outer shape of the plurality of first wall blocks assembled as planned and the outer shape of the second wall block as a single unit are formed into substantially the same shape, and the same shape is formed. The river revetment wall, sand control wall, or mountain protection according to claim 1, characterized in that a series of hollow portions are formed inside the main body spanning a plurality of unit blocks in the second wall block body. Wall block structure for ecological environment protection on walls, etc. (3) In the second wall block body, in the case of a revetment wall, a discharge passage communicating with the cavity inside the main body is formed at least in the downstream part, and in the case of a protection wall, at least in the lower part. The wall block structure for ecological environment protection in a river revetment wall, a sand control wall, a mountain protection wall, etc. according to claim 1 or 2. (4) Any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the opening on the front side of the second wall block body is provided with a lattice-like or net-like partition frame to the extent that at least the insertion of the hand part is prevented. A wall block structure for protecting the ecological environment in river revetment walls, sand control walls, mountain protection walls, etc. as described in the above. (5) The river revetment wall, sand control wall, or mountain protection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inner surface of the cavity in the second wall block body is formed into a rough surface shape. Wall block structure for ecological environment protection on walls, etc.