JPH0261296A - Discharging earth conveying method on tunnel excavation and its apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To convey discharging earth with safety and efficiently by placing the discharging earth generated by a discharging earth conveyor at the time of excavating a tunnel, in a capsule, and by conveying it in a pipe with the use of air pressure or lowered inclination from a section near a facing to a section outside the tunnel. CONSTITUTION:Near a facing, a discharging earth loading station 2 and a station 3 for discharging earth to be discharged outside a tunnel 1 are arranged, and a loading capsule running pipe 4a for connecting both the stations 2, 3 to each other, and a loadless capsule running pipe 4b are arranged. Besides, swing type traversers 6a, 6b for changing over the connection of both the pipes 4a, 4b arranged respectively on both the stations 2, 3, and a traction wheel 7 for taking out or in a capsule 5 through both the stations 2, 3 are arranged. Besides, according to the movement of a discharging earth loading device set on the discharging earth loading station 2, a catapillar 8 or rail device for moving the station 2 is set, and both the pipes are arranged to be increased in a space after the station is moved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 0) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transporting waste earth (sludge) generated during tunnel excavation into a capsule outside the tunnel.

(B) Prior Art Conventionally, it has been common practice for the soil (sludge) generated during excavation of tunnels (particularly mountain tunnels) to be carried out of the tunnel by truck. However, a large-capacity exhaust or intake pipe and blower are used to discharge the gas exhausted from the truck to the outside of the mine (in a tunnel with a radius of 5 m, there are one or two exhaust pipes with a diameter of 1 m or more, and a contraption of 1000 rn'/min). fan 1~2
Ventilation equipment consisting of a ventilator) was required.

Ventilation equipment requires equipment costs (initial costs) and operating costs (running costs), making it expensive.

In addition, frequent back-and-forth driving of trucks inside tunnels can lead to traffic accidents, especially accidents involving injuries, and the cost of securing and maintaining the roadbed is high.

The conveyance of waste soil using belt conveyor 1 requires maintenance along the entire underground line, and spillage is unavoidable.
Due to the risk of accidents involving people passing by,
It is not used except in special cases.

Trolley transport poses problems such as traffic accidents, an increase in the number of operating personnel due to longer distances, and higher costs due to rail construction, and the transport capacity cannot support excavation speeds higher than the current level.

On the other hand, it would be impossible to apply a conventional capsule transport system to this. That is, conventional capsule transportation is a system that assumes transportation between fixed points, and the loading/unloading mechanism mainly pursues high efficiency. For this reason, a turntable-type or revolver-type loading device is installed inside the tunnel.

Furthermore, it must be moved to follow the movement of the face, which inevitably increases the size and complexity of the entire device.

(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The problems to be solved by the present invention are to make the removal of earth generated during tunnel excavation safe, labor-saving, and economical.

The objective is to obtain a system for efficiently transporting the material outside the tunnel.

(d) Means to solve the problem A method for removing earth in tunnel excavation according to the present invention is as follows.

A method in which the waste soil generated during tunnel excavation is placed in a capsule and transported inside a pipe from near the face to the outside of the tunnel using air pressure or a downward slope. providing an earth discharge station; connecting the two stations to each other with a pipe for running a loaded capsule and a pipe for running an empty capsule; and providing a swing type traverser at both stations to switch the connection between the pipes and the pipes. installing a towing vehicle at both stations to take the capsule in and out of the station;
By means of providing a caterpillar or rail system in the soil removal and loading station to move the station in response to the movement of the soil removal and loading device, and adding both pipes in the space after the station has been moved, The above issues have been resolved.

The excavated earth removal device for tunnel excavation of the present invention is a device that transports the excreted earth generated during tunnel excavation into a capsule from the vicinity of the tunnel face to the outside of the tunnel using air pressure or a downward slope. an earth loading station provided at the tunnel, an earth discharging station provided outside the tunnel, a loaded capsule running pipe and an empty capsule running pipe connecting the two stations to each other, each of which is provided at each of the stations. A swing type traverser that switches the connection between the two pipes, a towing vehicle that is installed at both of the stations and that takes the capsule in and out of the station, and an earth removal device that is installed at the earth removal and loading station. The above problem is solved by means consisting of a caterpillar or rail system that moves the station in response to the movement of the station.

In a hopper that receives soil carried by a conveyor and distributes it to each capsule, the conveyor extends at a predetermined angle in the longitudinal direction of the hopper, and the conveyor extends parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction inside the hopper and feeds the soil to each other. It is preferable to provide a pair of screw conveyors with opposite directions.

(E) Example A method and apparatus for removing earth in tunnel excavation according to the present invention will be explained with reference to drawings.

In the method and apparatus of the present invention, waste soil generated during tunnel excavation is placed in a capsule and transported inside a pipe from near the face to outside the tunnel using air pressure or a downward slope.

As shown in Figure 1, the face inside tunnel 1 (not shown)
An earth removal and loading station 2 will be provided nearby. Also, the second
As shown in the figure, an earth discharge station 3 is provided outside the tunnel 1.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, both stations 2,
3 are connected to each other by a loaded capsule running pipe 4a and an empty capsule running pipe 4b.

Representative examples of the capsule 5 used in the present invention are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In the illustrated example, the capsule 5 runs inside a pipe 4 a + 4 b of square cross section. Here, the cargo capsule refers to a capsule loaded with excreted soil. An empty capsule is a capsule that has not been loaded with soil.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, swing type traversers 6a are provided at both stations 2 and 3.

6b is provided to switch the connection between both pipes 4a and 4b. The traversers 6a and 6b have a fulcrum 61a.

It is swung by a predetermined angle by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) or the like with 61b as the rotation center. both stations 2
, 3 with tow trucks 7a and 7b installed at each station 2,
As shown in Figures 1, 3, and 7, caterpillars 8 are provided at the earth removal and loading station 2 to move the earth removal and loading device (not shown). Station 2 is moved accordingly. A rail system may be used instead of tracks. Pipes 4a and 4b are installed in the space after moving station 2.
will be added.

As shown in FIG. 7, the discharged soil is conveyed on a conveyor 91 and thrown into the hopper 9. A pair of screw conveyors 92 are provided to evenly distribute the waste soil within each capsule 5. As shown in FIG. 8, the conveyor 91 extends obliquely at a predetermined angle α in the longitudinal direction of the hopper 9 above the hopper 9. The pair of screw conveyors 92 extend parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction inside the hopper 9 and have opposite feeding directions.

(to) production The operation of the method and apparatus of the present invention will be explained.

2 mountain tunnels approximately 3km long (maximum height 7.7m)
An example of application to a system compatible with excavation at a speed of 1,000 m/month will be described below. Three capsules 5 shown in FIG. 5 are connected and depart at 90 second intervals. pipe 4
A and 4b are flange-joined in units of 5 m as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

First, at the earth removal and loading station 2, as shown in FIG. 1, when the empty capsule 5 arrives from the right side (the mine entrance side) through the pipe 4b on the lower side of the figure, the swing type traverser 6a is set on the lower side. ing. The towing vehicle 7a moves to the right, grabs it, and pulls it into the traverser 6a.

Next, when the traverser 6a swings upward, each capsule 5 is positioned directly below the batcher 93, the bottom cover of the batcher 93 is opened, and a certain amount of waste soil is loaded. Subsequently, when the tow vehicle 7a pushes the cargo capsule 5 and puts it into the upper pipe 4a, the capsule 5 is carried out by the airflow sucked from the blower on the mine entrance side. When the capsule 5 is launched, the traverser 6a is shifted downward and returns to the initial working position.

Discharged soil supplied from the tunnel face by a conveyor 91 is distributed to the left and right by a screw conveyor 92 in the hopper 9. One screw conveyor conveys the discharged earth to the left side in the drawing, and the other screw conveyor 92 conveys it to the right side. As the tip of the conveyor 91 advances, the supply point of the discharged earth moves diagonally. In this way, three batchers 93 are provided below the O-hopper 9, which performs the leveling work of the discharged soil in the hopper 9, corresponding to each capsule 5. A stone cutting mechanism 94 at the top of the batcher 93 cuts out an amount of waste soil equal to the capacity of the capsule 5.

These devices are mounted on a base with a total length of 27 m, and are moved by caterpillars 8 every 5 m or 10m of advance of the drilling rig at the tip. When the loading device moves, the pipe 4a that was previously carried onto the device.

4b is inserted and connected between the device and the existing pipe using a hoist 21 (FIG. 3). In this way, the loading device moves as the tip advances, and the pipe 4a.

4b is extended.

The soil discharge station 3 will be explained with reference to FIG.

The cargo capsule 5 loaded with waste soil is located on the pipe 4a at the top of the drawing.
When arriving from the left side (inside the mine), the swing type traverser 6b is set on the upper side. The towing vehicle 7b moves to the left, grabs the capsule 5, and pulls it out to the traverser 6b.

When the tractor 7b reaches the end, each capsule 5 is positioned directly above a chute (not shown). After the bottom of the pipe 4a is opened at three locations by the cylinder 31, the unlocker 52 of the capsule 5 is pushed to open the bottom cover 51 (FIG. 5) of the capsule, and the waste soil is discharged into the discharge chute. Thereafter, the opened bottom of the pipe is closed by the cylinder 31, and the bottom cover of the capsule is pushed up by the roller at the tip, and the bottom cover is automatically locked.

When the traverser 6b swings downward, the towing vehicle 7b pushes the empty capsule 5 and throws it into the lower pipe 4b through the opened end gate valve. The terminal gate valve 10a is closed, the downstream gate valve 10b is opened, and the empty capsule 5 is carried in by the airflow discharged from the return floor. When the capsule 5 is launched, the traverser 6b is shifted upward and returns to the initial working position.

(g) Effect According to the present invention, the son effect can be obtained.

1) Less ventilation equipment is required, improving economic efficiency, and the wind pipes are smaller, allowing effective use of the tunnel cross section.

ij) Continuous soil removal is possible, improving the continuity (constructibility) of tunnel construction.

iii) Since the material is transported in a sealed pipe, there is no risk of dust generation, noise/vibration, traffic accidents, etc. inside the mine.

iv) Since maintenance is concentrated at the earth loading station near the face and the discharge station outside the tunnel, only a small number of people are required.

■) One operator is sufficient for each station, and the work is extremely safe and sanitary.

vi) Since the conveyance capacity can be increased, if the capacity of the excavator is increased, the excavation speed can be increased accordingly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a plan view of the earth removal and loading station. Figure 2 is a plan view of the soil discharge station. Figure 3 shows ■-■ of Figure 1.
A cross-sectional view seen from the line. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a front view seen from the line ■-■ in FIG. Figure 7 is a side view taken from the line ■■ in Figure 1. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the hopper. 1: Tunnel 2: Earth loading station 3: Earth discharge station 4a: Loaded capsule running pipe 4b: Empty capsule running pipe 5: Capsules 6a, 6b: Swing type traverser 7a, 7b:
Traction vehicle 8: Caterpillar 9: Hopper Figure 3

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a method in which the waste soil generated during tunnel excavation is placed in a capsule and transported inside a pipe from near the face to the outside of the tunnel using air pressure or a downward slope, a waste earth loading station is provided near the face inside the tunnel, A soil discharge station is provided outside the tunnel, the two stations are connected to each other by a pipe for running a loaded capsule and a pipe for running an empty capsule, and a swing type traverser is provided at both stations to connect the two pipes. A tow truck is installed at both stations to take the capsule in and out of the station, and a caterpillar or rail system is installed at the earth removal and loading station to accommodate the movement of the earth removal and loading equipment. A method for removing earth in tunnel excavation, which comprises moving the station and adding both pipes to the space after the station has been moved. (2) A device that transports waste soil generated during tunnel excavation into a capsule from near the tunnel face to outside the tunnel using air pressure or a downward slope; An earth discharge station provided outside the tunnel, a loaded capsule running pipe and an empty capsule running pipe that connect the two stations to each other, and a pipe provided at each of the stations to switch the connection between the two pipes. a swing type traverser, a towing vehicle installed at both of the stations to take capsules in and out of the stations, and a towing vehicle installed at the earth removal and loading station to move the station in response to the movement of the earth removal and loading equipment. An earth removal device for tunnel excavation consisting of a moving caterpillar or rail system. (3) In the hopper that receives the waste soil conveyed by the conveyor and distributes the waste soil to each capsule, the conveyor extends at a predetermined angle in the longitudinal direction of the hopper, and the conveyor extends parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction inside the hopper. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a pair of screw conveyors whose feeding directions are opposite to each other.