JPH0260727B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0260727B2 JPH0260727B2 JP57153789A JP15378982A JPH0260727B2 JP H0260727 B2 JPH0260727 B2 JP H0260727B2 JP 57153789 A JP57153789 A JP 57153789A JP 15378982 A JP15378982 A JP 15378982A JP H0260727 B2 JPH0260727 B2 JP H0260727B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- slag
- crucible
- inductor
- induced current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 75
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001515 alkali metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001618 alkaline earth metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003886 thermite process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00Â -Â C01G23/08
- C22B34/1295—Refining, melting, remelting, working up of titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/02—Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, or supersonic wave action including acoustic waves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
- F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
- H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/008—Continuous casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
- F27D2099/0015—Induction heating
- F27D2099/0016—Different magnetic fields, e.g. two coils, different characteristics of the same coil along its length or different parts of the same coil used
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Description
ãçºæã®è©³çŽ°ãªèª¬æã
æ¬çºæã¯èªå°çã«ãããŠéå±çžãšé±æ»ãšãç©ç
çã«åé¢ããæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããã
çã«åé¢ããæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããã
æ¬æ现æžã«ãããŠã¯ããéå±çžããšã¯ãããã
ãéå±ãåéãéå±éååç©ãå«ããã®ã§ããã
ããšã«ãèªå°çã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ã«ããäŸãããèªèµ·
é»æµïŒããã¯äœåšæ³¢æ°ã®ãã®ã§ããããïŒãšã®é»
ç£ççµåã«ããèªå°é»æµãçãããããªãããã
å°é»æ§ç©è³ªäžè¬ãå«ããã®ãšè§£ãã¹ãã§ããã
ãéå±ãåéãéå±éååç©ãå«ããã®ã§ããã
ããšã«ãèªå°çã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ã«ããäŸãããèªèµ·
é»æµïŒããã¯äœåšæ³¢æ°ã®ãã®ã§ããããïŒãšã®é»
ç£ççµåã«ããèªå°é»æµãçãããããªãããã
å°é»æ§ç©è³ªäžè¬ãå«ããã®ãšè§£ãã¹ãã§ããã
ãŸãããé±æ»ããšã¯ããã©ãã¯ã¹ã溶èå€ãã¹
ã©ã°ã溶å€ã®ããšãç©è³ªãå«ããã®ã§ãããããš
ã«ãäœæž©ã§ã¯å®è³ªçã«çµ¶çžæ§ã§ããã枩床ã®äžæ
ãšå ±ã«äŒå°æ§ãå¢å ãããã®çµæç£çã®åšæ³¢æ°ã
ãããããå€ãè¶ãããåŠããèªèµ·é»æµãšçŽæ¥ç
ã«é»ç£ççµåããŠèªå°å ç±é»æµïŒinduction
heating currentïŒãçãããããããªãé»æ°æ²»
éã«ãããŠçšãããããã¹ãŠã®ç©è³ªãæå³ããã
ã®ãšè§£ãã¹ãã§ãããæ®ã«ãé«åšæ³¢æ°ã®èªèµ·é»æµ
ãéé»ãããå Žåã«ã¯äžè¿°ã®åŠãé»ç£ççµåãç
ãããããã®ã®ãæããããå€ä»¥äžã®åšæ³¢æ°ã®é»
æµã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ã枩床ã®é«äœã«æããé»ç£ççµåã
çããããªããããªç©è³ªã¯é±æ»ã«å«ãŸãããã®ã§
ããã
ã©ã°ã溶å€ã®ããšãç©è³ªãå«ããã®ã§ãããããš
ã«ãäœæž©ã§ã¯å®è³ªçã«çµ¶çžæ§ã§ããã枩床ã®äžæ
ãšå ±ã«äŒå°æ§ãå¢å ãããã®çµæç£çã®åšæ³¢æ°ã
ãããããå€ãè¶ãããåŠããèªèµ·é»æµãšçŽæ¥ç
ã«é»ç£ççµåããŠèªå°å ç±é»æµïŒinduction
heating currentïŒãçãããããããªãé»æ°æ²»
éã«ãããŠçšãããããã¹ãŠã®ç©è³ªãæå³ããã
ã®ãšè§£ãã¹ãã§ãããæ®ã«ãé«åšæ³¢æ°ã®èªèµ·é»æµ
ãéé»ãããå Žåã«ã¯äžè¿°ã®åŠãé»ç£ççµåãç
ãããããã®ã®ãæããããå€ä»¥äžã®åšæ³¢æ°ã®é»
æµã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ã枩床ã®é«äœã«æããé»ç£ççµåã
çããããªããããªç©è³ªã¯é±æ»ã«å«ãŸãããã®ã§
ããã
æ¬çºæã¯ããã®ç±æ¥ã¯åãããããããéå±çž
ãšé±æ»ã®åé¢ã«é©çšããããåŸã€ãŠãäŸãã°ãã¹
ã©ã°ã®ååšãéååšã«ã¯é¢ä¿ãªãã也åŒè£œé¬ãªã©
ã®é±æ»ãçãããããªçš®é¡ã®åå¿ã«ããåŸããã
çžã®åé¢ã«é©çšããããç¹ã«ãæ¬çºæã¯ãé žçŽ ãš
ã®èŠªåæ§ãæ¢ç¥ã®éå±ããããé žçŽ ãšã®èŠªååã®
é«ãä»ã®éå±ãšã®åå¿ã«ãã€ãŠããã®å¯Ÿå¿ããå®
å®ãªé žåç©ããæœåºããããåå¿ã®çµæã«åŸãã
ãçžã®åé¢ã«é©çšããããã®å Žåããã®åå¿ã«ã
ãçæããé žåç©ã®æº¶å€ãšããŠæ©èœãã溶èå€ã
ãã©ãã¯ã¹ãã¹ã©ã°çã®ç©è³ªã䜿çšããããåŠã
ã«é¢ä¿ãªãæ¬çºæã¯é©çšããåŸããã®ã§ããã
ãšé±æ»ã®åé¢ã«é©çšããããåŸã€ãŠãäŸãã°ãã¹
ã©ã°ã®ååšãéååšã«ã¯é¢ä¿ãªãã也åŒè£œé¬ãªã©
ã®é±æ»ãçãããããªçš®é¡ã®åå¿ã«ããåŸããã
çžã®åé¢ã«é©çšããããç¹ã«ãæ¬çºæã¯ãé žçŽ ãš
ã®èŠªåæ§ãæ¢ç¥ã®éå±ããããé žçŽ ãšã®èŠªååã®
é«ãä»ã®éå±ãšã®åå¿ã«ãã€ãŠããã®å¯Ÿå¿ããå®
å®ãªé žåç©ããæœåºããããåå¿ã®çµæã«åŸãã
ãçžã®åé¢ã«é©çšããããã®å Žåããã®åå¿ã«ã
ãçæããé žåç©ã®æº¶å€ãšããŠæ©èœãã溶èå€ã
ãã©ãã¯ã¹ãã¹ã©ã°çã®ç©è³ªã䜿çšããããåŠã
ã«é¢ä¿ãªãæ¬çºæã¯é©çšããåŸããã®ã§ããã
ïŒäŸãšããŠãé
žåãã¿ããŠã ãã¢ã«ãããŠã
ãšãçæãããã¢ã«ããã®æº¶å€ãšããŠã®ã¢ã«ã«ãª
éå±ãããã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªåé¡éå±ã®ããåç©ã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ããåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã®ååšäžã§ãåå¿ããã
ãçµæçããã¹ã©ã°ãšããã¿ããŠã ãšã¢ã«ãããŠ
ã ã®åéãšã®åé¢ãæããããã
ãšãçæãããã¢ã«ããã®æº¶å€ãšããŠã®ã¢ã«ã«ãª
éå±ãããã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªåé¡éå±ã®ããåç©ã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ããåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã®ååšäžã§ãåå¿ããã
ãçµæçããã¹ã©ã°ãšããã¿ããŠã ãšã¢ã«ãããŠ
ã ã®åéãšã®åé¢ãæããããã
ããããªãããæ¬çºæã¯äžè¿°ã®åŠãåå¿ã«ãã
çããéå±çžãšé±æ»ã®åé¢ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯
ãªããäŸãã°ãéå±éšåãå·¥æ¥çããã»ã¹ã«äœ¿çš
ããçµæçæãããããªé žåçæç©çãã¹ã©ã°äž
ã«å¯æº¶åããå Žåã«ãé©çšããããäŸãæãã
ãšã䜿çšåŸã®æ žåå¿è£ 眮ã®å€è£ ããååãããžã«
ã³ããŠã å«æç©ãããã®é žåçæç©ãã¹ã©ã°æº¶å€
ãšæ¥è§Šãããããšã«ãã粟補ããŠåŸãé±æ»ãšéå±
çžãšã®åé¢ã«é©çšå¯èœã§ããã
çããéå±çžãšé±æ»ã®åé¢ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯
ãªããäŸãã°ãéå±éšåãå·¥æ¥çããã»ã¹ã«äœ¿çš
ããçµæçæãããããªé žåçæç©çãã¹ã©ã°äž
ã«å¯æº¶åããå Žåã«ãé©çšããããäŸãæãã
ãšã䜿çšåŸã®æ žåå¿è£ 眮ã®å€è£ ããååãããžã«
ã³ããŠã å«æç©ãããã®é žåçæç©ãã¹ã©ã°æº¶å€
ãšæ¥è§Šãããããšã«ãã粟補ããŠåŸãé±æ»ãšéå±
çžãšã®åé¢ã«é©çšå¯èœã§ããã
ãã®ããã«ãæ¬çºæã¯ãååŠåå¿ãååŠçå
ã³ïŒåã¯ç©ççæœåºãªã©ã®çš®é¡ãåãããããã
ãå å·¥ãå·¥çšã«ããåŸãããéå±çžãšé±æ»çžãšã®
åé¢ã«é©çšããããç¹ã«ãèç¹ã1400â以äžã®é
å±çžãšãäŸãã°ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãã¢ã«ã«ãªåé¡é
å±ãã¢ã«ãããŠã ããã°ãã·ãŠã çã®é žåç©å
ã³ïŒåã¯ããã²ã³åç©ãšã®åé¢ã«å¥œãŸããé©çšã
ãããšãã§ããããæ¬çºæã¯ããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
ã³ïŒåã¯ç©ççæœåºãªã©ã®çš®é¡ãåãããããã
ãå å·¥ãå·¥çšã«ããåŸãããéå±çžãšé±æ»çžãšã®
åé¢ã«é©çšããããç¹ã«ãèç¹ã1400â以äžã®é
å±çžãšãäŸãã°ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãã¢ã«ã«ãªåé¡é
å±ãã¢ã«ãããŠã ããã°ãã·ãŠã çã®é žåç©å
ã³ïŒåã¯ããã²ã³åç©ãšã®åé¢ã«å¥œãŸããé©çšã
ãããšãã§ããããæ¬çºæã¯ããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
äžèšããåŠãçš®ã
ã®åå¿ã«ã€ããŠè¿°ã¹ãæç®ã¯
å€ã ãããããããã¯æ¬çºæã®ç¯å²å€ã®äºæã§ã
ã€ãŠããã§è©³è¿°ããå¿ èŠã¯ãªããã®ã§ãããäžè¿°
ã®åŠãçš®é¡ã®çžãé«æž©äžã§åŸããããã®ã§ãã€
ãŠã溶èç¶æ ã«ããå Žåãããã«å¯Ÿããåé¢æ¹æ³
ã¯ãå ããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠé©å®ã®ç£å Žãäœçšãã
ãŠãéå±çžãæ²æŸ±ãåäœããããŠïŒæ¶²çžã«åé¢ã
ãå·¥çšãåã³æ¬¡ã«å©å ãå·åŽããŠåºåããçžãå
åããå·¥çšãå«ãããã®ãããªåé¢æ¹æ³ã¯ããã
åŒã«ãã€ãŠã®ã¿éæãããããšã¯æçœã§ããã
å€ã ãããããããã¯æ¬çºæã®ç¯å²å€ã®äºæã§ã
ã€ãŠããã§è©³è¿°ããå¿ èŠã¯ãªããã®ã§ãããäžè¿°
ã®åŠãçš®é¡ã®çžãé«æž©äžã§åŸããããã®ã§ãã€
ãŠã溶èç¶æ ã«ããå Žåãããã«å¯Ÿããåé¢æ¹æ³
ã¯ãå ããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠé©å®ã®ç£å Žãäœçšãã
ãŠãéå±çžãæ²æŸ±ãåäœããããŠïŒæ¶²çžã«åé¢ã
ãå·¥çšãåã³æ¬¡ã«å©å ãå·åŽããŠåºåããçžãå
åããå·¥çšãå«ãããã®ãããªåé¢æ¹æ³ã¯ããã
åŒã«ãã€ãŠã®ã¿éæãããããšã¯æçœã§ããã
é£ç¶æ¹åŒã§åé¢ãè¡ãå Žåãå©å åºéšãéããŠ
éå±çžåã³é±æ»çžã®äž¡æ¹ãé£ç¶é³é ããæè¡ãæ¡
çšããããšãææ¡ãããŠãããããã®ããã«ããŠ
åé¢ãããçžæž©åºŠã¯æ¥µããŠé«ããããã®çš®ã®åé¢
æ³ã¯å€§ããªå°é£ã䌎ããã®ã§ããã
éå±çžåã³é±æ»çžã®äž¡æ¹ãé£ç¶é³é ããæè¡ãæ¡
çšããããšãææ¡ãããŠãããããã®ããã«ããŠ
åé¢ãããçžæž©åºŠã¯æ¥µããŠé«ããããã®çš®ã®åé¢
æ³ã¯å€§ããªå°é£ã䌎ããã®ã§ããã
æ¬çºæã¯ãã®ãããªå°é£æ§ãå
æããéå±çžãš
é±æ»çžãå¹æçã«åé¢ãããšãšãã«ãå©å å ã§ã
ãããåºåã§ããé£ç¶é転ãå¯èœãªæ¹æ³ãæäŸã
ãããšãç®çãšãããã®ã§ããã
é±æ»çžãå¹æçã«åé¢ãããšãšãã«ãå©å å ã§ã
ãããåºåã§ããé£ç¶é転ãå¯èœãªæ¹æ³ãæäŸã
ãããšãç®çãšãããã®ã§ããã
ç¹ã«ãæ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãå®å
šã«é£ç¶æ¹åŒã§è¡ã
ããéå±ãããã¯åéã®å å·¥æ³ã®æçµå·¥çšãšããŠ
é©çšãåŸãåé¢æ¹æ³ãæäŸããããšã«ãããæ¬çº
æã¯ããŸããéå±ã€ã³ãŽããã茞éãããã¯å®äœ¿
çšã«é©ãã寞æ³ã«åæããéã«ééããåé¡ãåŸ
æ¥æ¹åŒã«æ¯ã¹ãã容æã«è§£æ±ºããããšãç®çãšã
ããã®ã§ããã
ããéå±ãããã¯åéã®å å·¥æ³ã®æçµå·¥çšãšããŠ
é©çšãåŸãåé¢æ¹æ³ãæäŸããããšã«ãããæ¬çº
æã¯ããŸããéå±ã€ã³ãŽããã茞éãããã¯å®äœ¿
çšã«é©ãã寞æ³ã«åæããéã«ééããåé¡ãåŸ
æ¥æ¹åŒã«æ¯ã¹ãã容æã«è§£æ±ºããããšãç®çãšã
ããã®ã§ããã
æ¬çºæã®åé¢æ¹æ³ã¯ãèªå°çå
ã®é»ç£å Žã«å®è³ª
çã«éæãªå©å äžã§è¡ããã被åŠçç©ã«å¯Ÿãã第
ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠè©²è¢«åŠçç©ãèªèµ·é»æµãšçŽæ¥ç
ã«é»ç£ççµåãåŸããããªå åã«é«ãé»ååã³åš
æ³¢æ°ã®èªèµ·é»æµãå容ããããŠãå«æããé±æ»ã
溶èããã次ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«é£æ¥ã
ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠãèªèµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšã®çŽæ¥
çãªé»ç£ççµåãããã¯èµ·ãåŸãªããããªé»åã
ããã¯åšæ³¢æ°åã¯ãã®äž¡æ¹ã®èªèµ·é»æµãå容ãã
ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããã®ã§ããã
çã«éæãªå©å äžã§è¡ããã被åŠçç©ã«å¯Ÿãã第
ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠè©²è¢«åŠçç©ãèªèµ·é»æµãšçŽæ¥ç
ã«é»ç£ççµåãåŸããããªå åã«é«ãé»ååã³åš
æ³¢æ°ã®èªèµ·é»æµãå容ããããŠãå«æããé±æ»ã
溶èããã次ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«é£æ¥ã
ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠãèªèµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšã®çŽæ¥
çãªé»ç£ççµåãããã¯èµ·ãåŸãªããããªé»åã
ããã¯åšæ³¢æ°åã¯ãã®äž¡æ¹ã®èªèµ·é»æµãå容ãã
ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšãããã®ã§ããã
é±æ»ã®éãå¯æãã®éãå ããå Žåãç¹ã«å
šè¢«
åŠçç©ã®10容éïŒ ä»¥äžã®å Žåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãã
ãèªèµ·é»æµã®é»ååã³åšæ³¢æ°ã¯ãé±æ»ãããã§
åŸã ã«åºäœãžç§»è¡ãããããªå€ã«èª¿ç¯ãããã
åŠçç©ã®10容éïŒ ä»¥äžã®å Žåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãã
ãèªèµ·é»æµã®é»ååã³åšæ³¢æ°ã¯ãé±æ»ãããã§
åŸã ã«åºäœãžç§»è¡ãããããªå€ã«èª¿ç¯ãããã
å€ãã®å Žåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠæèŠã®å¹æã
å¥ãããããªèªèµ·é»æµã®é»ååã³åšæ³¢æ°ã¯ã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ãéå±çžã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠæº¶èããå
ã³ïŒåã¯æº¶èåã«ä¿æãããããã«èª¿ç¯ãããã
å¥ãããããªèªèµ·é»æµã®é»ååã³åšæ³¢æ°ã¯ã奜ãŸ
ããã¯ãéå±çžã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠæº¶èããå
ã³ïŒåã¯æº¶èåã«ä¿æãããããã«èª¿ç¯ãããã
æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã®å¥œãŸããæ
æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ã被åŠ
çç©ã®çžå¯Ÿç§»åã¯ç¬¬ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«é¢ããŠçº
ããããã®ã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®çžå¯Ÿ
äœçœ®ã¯å©å ãšååããå°ãªããšãïŒã€ã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ïŒã€ã®èªå°åã®çžå¯Ÿäœçœ®ã«ãã€ãŠå®ãŸãã
çç©ã®çžå¯Ÿç§»åã¯ç¬¬ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«é¢ããŠçº
ããããã®ã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®çžå¯Ÿ
äœçœ®ã¯å©å ãšååããå°ãªããšãïŒã€ã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ïŒã€ã®èªå°åã®çžå¯Ÿäœçœ®ã«ãã€ãŠå®ãŸãã
äžèšã«ãããŠããŸãäžèšã«ãããŠããèšè¿°ãç°¡
æœã«ãããããé±æ»ïŒåã¯éå±çžïŒãšèªèµ·é»æµã
ããã¯èªå°åãšã®é»ç£ççµååã³éçµåãšããã
ãšè¿°ã¹ããïŒãŸãè¿°ã¹ããïŒãããã¯èªèµ·é»æµã«
ãã€ãŠé±æ»äžïŒåã¯éå±çžäžïŒã«èªèµ·é»æµãèªèµ·
ããããåã¯ãããªããšããããšãæå³ããã
æœã«ãããããé±æ»ïŒåã¯éå±çžïŒãšèªèµ·é»æµã
ããã¯èªå°åãšã®é»ç£ççµååã³éçµåãšããã
ãšè¿°ã¹ããïŒãŸãè¿°ã¹ããïŒãããã¯èªèµ·é»æµã«
ãã€ãŠé±æ»äžïŒåã¯éå±çžäžïŒã«èªèµ·é»æµãèªèµ·
ããããåã¯ãããªããšããããšãæå³ããã
ãã®ãããªé»ç£ççµåãçããã«ã¯ãé»ç£å Žã«
察ããéæãªãå©å ãæèšããã°ãããèªèº«èªå°
åã®èªèµ·é»æµãšã®é»ç£ççµåãå®è³ªçã«äžå¯èœãª
å©å ãçšããå¿ èŠãããã
察ããéæãªãå©å ãæèšããã°ãããèªèº«èªå°
åã®èªèµ·é»æµãšã®é»ç£ççµåãå®è³ªçã«äžå¯èœãª
å©å ãçšããå¿ èŠãããã
å©å ãšããŠã¯ã液æµãç¹ã«æ°Žã«ããå·åŽããäž
ã€äºãã«çµ¶çžç©ã«ããåé¢ãããå€æ°ã®äžç©ºç®¡ã§
æ§æããå·åŽå©å ãçšããããšãæå©ã§ãããã
ããã®äžç©ºç®¡ã¯çµ¶çžäœãšãšãã«è¢«åŠçç©ãå容ã
ã宀ã圢æããã奜ãŸããã¯ããã®å·åŽå©å ãç¹
ã«åŸè¿°ãããããªåºéšã®ç¡ãå©å ã¯éåžžå®è³ªçã«
åç圢ã§ãããããã§ãå®è³ªçã«åç圢ããšã¯ã
ãŒããŒãä»ããããåé åé圢ã®ãã®ãå«ããšè§£
ãããããããŒããŒãã€ããããšã«ããåãã¯ã
ãããé£ç¶é転æã®åŠçç©ã®é£ç¶æãåããä¿é²
ãããã
ã€äºãã«çµ¶çžç©ã«ããåé¢ãããå€æ°ã®äžç©ºç®¡ã§
æ§æããå·åŽå©å ãçšããããšãæå©ã§ãããã
ããã®äžç©ºç®¡ã¯çµ¶çžäœãšãšãã«è¢«åŠçç©ãå容ã
ã宀ã圢æããã奜ãŸããã¯ããã®å·åŽå©å ãç¹
ã«åŸè¿°ãããããªåºéšã®ç¡ãå©å ã¯éåžžå®è³ªçã«
åç圢ã§ãããããã§ãå®è³ªçã«åç圢ããšã¯ã
ãŒããŒãä»ããããåé åé圢ã®ãã®ãå«ããšè§£
ãããããããŒããŒãã€ããããšã«ããåãã¯ã
ãããé£ç¶é転æã®åŠçç©ã®é£ç¶æãåããä¿é²
ãããã
ãŸããæ¬é¡æ现æžããããŠã¯ããéå±çžãšé±æ»
çžã®åé¢ããªãèªã¯ãåã«ãé±æ»çžãšåºå¥ããã
åäžãããã¯é£ç¶ããéå±çžãçæãããããšã
æå³ãããã®ã§ãããå³ã¡ããçžåé¢ããæå³ã
ããã®ã§ãã€ãŠãäºãã«å¥ã ã«åãé¢ãããïŒã€
ã®çžãåŸãããšã¯å¿ ãããæå³ããŠããªãããŸ
ããæ¬çºæã¯æ¯èŒçåäžãªéå±çžãšäºãã«äžåäž
ãªé±æ»ã®è€æ°çžãšã«åé¢ããå Žåã«ãé©çšãåŸã
ããšã¯è«ãä¿ããªãã
çžã®åé¢ããªãèªã¯ãåã«ãé±æ»çžãšåºå¥ããã
åäžãããã¯é£ç¶ããéå±çžãçæãããããšã
æå³ãããã®ã§ãããå³ã¡ããçžåé¢ããæå³ã
ããã®ã§ãã€ãŠãäºãã«å¥ã ã«åãé¢ãããïŒã€
ã®çžãåŸãããšã¯å¿ ãããæå³ããŠããªãããŸ
ããæ¬çºæã¯æ¯èŒçåäžãªéå±çžãšäºãã«äžåäž
ãªé±æ»ã®è€æ°çžãšã«åé¢ããå Žåã«ãé©çšãåŸã
ããšã¯è«ãä¿ããªãã
æ¬çºæã®ïŒæ
æ§ã«ããã°ãåºéšã®ç¡ãéæãªã
奜ãŸããã¯åçŽãªå©å ãšãããã«ä»èšãããïŒã€
ã®èªå°åãšã«ããåŠçæ³ãæäŸãããããããã®
èªå°åã¯å©å å ã«ïŒã€ã®ãŸãŒã³ã圢æãã被åŠç
ç©ãšèªå°åãšã®çžå¯Ÿç§»åã¯å©å å ã被åŠçç©ã移
åããããšã«ããéæãããã
奜ãŸããã¯åçŽãªå©å ãšãããã«ä»èšãããïŒã€
ã®èªå°åãšã«ããåŠçæ³ãæäŸãããããããã®
èªå°åã¯å©å å ã«ïŒã€ã®ãŸãŒã³ã圢æãã被åŠç
ç©ãšèªå°åãšã®çžå¯Ÿç§»åã¯å©å å ã被åŠçç©ã移
åããããšã«ããéæãããã
æŽã«è©³ããã¯ãæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ããã®ã
ããªå©å ãèªå°çã®å éšã«èšçœ®ãããã®äžéšã«ã
æ¥è§Šåã³å ç±åŸå®è³ªçã«æº¶èç¶æ ã®éå±çžåã³é±
æ»ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«åœ¢æããåŸããããªç©è³ªãé£ç¶
çã«äŸçµŠãããããšãã§ãããã®é±æ»ã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã«ãããŠåºåããéå±çžããåé¢ããã奜ãŸã
ãã¯ãé±æ»åã³éå±çžã¯ã被åŠçç©ã®ç§»åæ¹åã®
äžæµã®å©å ã®ç«¯éšãç¹ã«äžç«¯ããæãåºããã
ïŒåçŽåã®å©å ã®å Žåã¯åºéšã®ç¡ããã®ãçšãã
ããïŒã
ããªå©å ãèªå°çã®å éšã«èšçœ®ãããã®äžéšã«ã
æ¥è§Šåã³å ç±åŸå®è³ªçã«æº¶èç¶æ ã®éå±çžåã³é±
æ»ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«åœ¢æããåŸããããªç©è³ªãé£ç¶
çã«äŸçµŠãããããšãã§ãããã®é±æ»ã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã«ãããŠåºåããéå±çžããåé¢ããã奜ãŸã
ãã¯ãé±æ»åã³éå±çžã¯ã被åŠçç©ã®ç§»åæ¹åã®
äžæµã®å©å ã®ç«¯éšãç¹ã«äžç«¯ããæãåºããã
ïŒåçŽåã®å©å ã®å Žåã¯åºéšã®ç¡ããã®ãçšãã
ããïŒã
æ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸããæ
æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³
ã«ãããèªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ã¯ãé±æ»ãšã®é»ç£ççµ
åã®å¯èœæ§ã枩床ã«é¢ä¿ãªã絶ç¡ãšãªããããªå€
ã«ãŸã§æžãããããç¹ã«ãéå±çžã®éãšæ¯èŒããŠ
å€éã®é±æ»ãååšããå Žåãåšæ³¢æ°ã¯ãéå±çžã
ãã®åºå以åã«éšåçåã¯å šäœçã«èªå°çïŒãã
ãã¯èªå°åïŒã®è»žéšã«éåã«åŸã€ãŠéžæçãªéå
ããããããããªæ±å¿åãåãããããªå€ã«ãŸã§
å åäœäžãããããã®çµæãé±æ»ã¯éæå©å ã®å·
åŽå£ã«è¿æ¥ããŠéåããåŸã ã«åºåããŠãå©å ã®
å£ããéå±çžã«åã€ãŠåŸã ã«ç§»åæ¹åïŒäžæ¹åïŒ
ã«å»¶ã³ãåºååŸé ã圢æããããé±æ»çžã¯ãã®æ
é»ç£å Žã«ãããæ¹æããããªããããé±æ»çžã®åº
åã¯äžå±€ä¿é²ãããã
ã«ãããèªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ã¯ãé±æ»ãšã®é»ç£ççµ
åã®å¯èœæ§ã枩床ã«é¢ä¿ãªã絶ç¡ãšãªããããªå€
ã«ãŸã§æžãããããç¹ã«ãéå±çžã®éãšæ¯èŒããŠ
å€éã®é±æ»ãååšããå Žåãåšæ³¢æ°ã¯ãéå±çžã
ãã®åºå以åã«éšåçåã¯å šäœçã«èªå°çïŒãã
ãã¯èªå°åïŒã®è»žéšã«éåã«åŸã€ãŠéžæçãªéå
ããããããããªæ±å¿åãåãããããªå€ã«ãŸã§
å åäœäžãããããã®çµæãé±æ»ã¯éæå©å ã®å·
åŽå£ã«è¿æ¥ããŠéåããåŸã ã«åºåããŠãå©å ã®
å£ããéå±çžã«åã€ãŠåŸã ã«ç§»åæ¹åïŒäžæ¹åïŒ
ã«å»¶ã³ãåºååŸé ã圢æããããé±æ»çžã¯ãã®æ
é»ç£å Žã«ãããæ¹æããããªããããé±æ»çžã®åº
åã¯äžå±€ä¿é²ãããã
第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžå ããåšæ³¢æ°ãæžãããããšç¬¬ïŒ
ãŸãŒã³ã®éå±çžã«äœçšããæ±å¿åãããªãã¡è©²é
å±çžãéžæçã«éåããããããããªæ±å¿åãå¢
å ãããšããåŸåãèæ ®ãããšãéå±çžã軞ã®å
ãã«éåããæ¡ä»¶ããéå±çžã®èªå°åã«å¯Ÿããçž
察移åãšãšãã«ãã³ã³ãããŒã«ããŠãæçµçã«å®
質çã«é£ç¶ããéå±çžãåŸãããšã¯å¯èœã§ãããš
èããããããã®å Žåãéå±çžã¯ãã®æž©åºŠãåºå
ç¹ã«éããæåºåããããããŠãè¯éšãéå±ã€ã³
ãŽããã§æ§æãããéšåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ããæãåº
ãããšãå¯èœãšãªãã
ãŸãŒã³ã®éå±çžã«äœçšããæ±å¿åãããªãã¡è©²é
å±çžãéžæçã«éåããããããããªæ±å¿åãå¢
å ãããšããåŸåãèæ ®ãããšãéå±çžã軞ã®å
ãã«éåããæ¡ä»¶ããéå±çžã®èªå°åã«å¯Ÿããçž
察移åãšãšãã«ãã³ã³ãããŒã«ããŠãæçµçã«å®
質çã«é£ç¶ããéå±çžãåŸãããšã¯å¯èœã§ãããš
èããããããã®å Žåãéå±çžã¯ãã®æž©åºŠãåºå
ç¹ã«éããæåºåããããããŠãè¯éšãéå±ã€ã³
ãŽããã§æ§æãããéšåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ããæãåº
ãããšãå¯èœãšãªãã
å°ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®å·åŽæ¡ä»¶ã第ïŒèªå°åãžäŸçµŠ
ããé»åãæžããããšã«ãã調ç¯ããããšãå¯èœ
ã§ããã
ããé»åãæžããããšã«ãã調ç¯ããããšãå¯èœ
ã§ããã
第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããèªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ã該èªèµ·
é»æµãšé±æ»ãçŽæ¥çã«é»ç£ççµåãåŸãå€ã«èª¿ç¯
ããããšãã§ãããããç¹ã«æ¬çºæãéå±çžã®é£
ç¶åŠçæ³ã«é©çšããå Žåã«ã¯ãçãžã®åå¿ç©ã®äŸ
絊æ¡ä»¶ã調ç¯ããŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããåºåãã
é±æ»å ã«äºãåå²ãããäžé£ã®éå±çžã®ã€ã³ãŽã
ãã圢æãããããšãã§ããããã®ãããªã€ã³ãŽ
ãããäºãã«åé¢ããããšã¯å®¹æã«è¡ããããã®
ç®çã®ãããæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãå©å ãžã®äŸ
絊ç©ã®é£ç¶äŸçµŠãé±æ»åã¯ã¹ã©ã°ãäžããæåã
ãã«æç¶çã«å¶éããããšãè¡ãããã
é»æµãšé±æ»ãçŽæ¥çã«é»ç£ççµåãåŸãå€ã«èª¿ç¯
ããããšãã§ãããããç¹ã«æ¬çºæãéå±çžã®é£
ç¶åŠçæ³ã«é©çšããå Žåã«ã¯ãçãžã®åå¿ç©ã®äŸ
絊æ¡ä»¶ã調ç¯ããŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããåºåãã
é±æ»å ã«äºãåå²ãããäžé£ã®éå±çžã®ã€ã³ãŽã
ãã圢æãããããšãã§ããããã®ãããªã€ã³ãŽ
ãããäºãã«åé¢ããããšã¯å®¹æã«è¡ããããã®
ç®çã®ãããæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãå©å ãžã®äŸ
絊ç©ã®é£ç¶äŸçµŠãé±æ»åã¯ã¹ã©ã°ãäžããæåã
ãã«æç¶çã«å¶éããããšãè¡ãããã
ããã«ããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ããã詳ããã¯çã®äž
éšããã¯ããã®æé¢ããã¹ãŠé±æ»ããã®ã¿ãªãéš
åãééã眮ããŠé åããåºåé·å°ºç©ãåŸãããš
ãã§ããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ãäºå®ã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã«ãããŠé±æ»ã®ã¿ããæãã液ç¶å å¡«éšäžé
äœãã圢æãããããã¯æ¬¡ã«èªå°åã®èªèµ·é»æµãš
ã®é»ç£ççµåã«ãã溶èç¶æ ã«ãªãããã®å å¡«éš
äžéäœã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãééããéã«åºåãããç
ã®åºå£ã«ãããŠéå±ã€ã³ãŽãããäºãã«åºåãã
å å¡«éšã§åé¢ããã®ã¯å®¹æã§ãããå å¡«éšã¯è匱
ã§ããããåãªãè¡æãå ããã ãã§ã€ã³ãŽãã
åäœã«å²ãããšãã§ããããã®ãããªæè¡ãæ¡çš
ããããšã«ãããåŸæ¥é£ç¶ã€ã³ãŽãã補é æ³ã§çš
ããããç ©éãªåæå·¥çšãçµå ¥ããå¿ èŠããªããª
ãã
éšããã¯ããã®æé¢ããã¹ãŠé±æ»ããã®ã¿ãªãéš
åãééã眮ããŠé åããåºåé·å°ºç©ãåŸãããš
ãã§ããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ãäºå®ã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã«ãããŠé±æ»ã®ã¿ããæãã液ç¶å å¡«éšäžé
äœãã圢æãããããã¯æ¬¡ã«èªå°åã®èªèµ·é»æµãš
ã®é»ç£ççµåã«ãã溶èç¶æ ã«ãªãããã®å å¡«éš
äžéäœã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãééããéã«åºåãããç
ã®åºå£ã«ãããŠéå±ã€ã³ãŽãããäºãã«åºåãã
å å¡«éšã§åé¢ããã®ã¯å®¹æã§ãããå å¡«éšã¯è匱
ã§ããããåãªãè¡æãå ããã ãã§ã€ã³ãŽãã
åäœã«å²ãããšãã§ããããã®ãããªæè¡ãæ¡çš
ããããšã«ãããåŸæ¥é£ç¶ã€ã³ãŽãã補é æ³ã§çš
ããããç ©éãªåæå·¥çšãçµå ¥ããå¿ èŠããªããª
ãã
æ¬çºæã次ã«å³é¢ã«ãã詳现ã«èª¬æããã
笊å·ïŒã§ç€ºãã®ã¯ãå·åŽæ段ãä»ãããå©å ã§
ãã€ãŠããã®äžç«¯éšã«ã¯ãå³ç€ºããªãæ £çšã®æ段
ã«ããå éšã®ã¬ã¹é°å²æ°èª¿æŽããåŸãäŸçµŠè£ 眮ïŒ
ãè£ çãããŠãããäŸçµŠè£ 眮ïŒã«ã¯ãåæäŸçµŠã
枬枩ãå éšèŠ³å¯çã®æ段ãå ·åããïŒã€åã¯è€æ°
ã®ãã€ãŒãéšïŒãæ¿èšãããŠãããå©å ïŒã¯ãå³
瀺ã®äŸã§ã¯å®è³ªçã«åç圢ã«åœ¢æãããŠãããå³
瀺ããªãæ段ã«ããåçŽã«ä¿æãããŠãããå©å
ïŒã¯ãã®äžç«¯éšãããã¯éå£åºéšïŒã«å³ç€ºããªã
é©å®ã®åºåã€ã³ãŽãããæ¯æåã¯æãåºãããã
ãã®éšæãèšããããŠããã
ãã€ãŠããã®äžç«¯éšã«ã¯ãå³ç€ºããªãæ £çšã®æ段
ã«ããå éšã®ã¬ã¹é°å²æ°èª¿æŽããåŸãäŸçµŠè£ 眮ïŒ
ãè£ çãããŠãããäŸçµŠè£ 眮ïŒã«ã¯ãåæäŸçµŠã
枬枩ãå éšèŠ³å¯çã®æ段ãå ·åããïŒã€åã¯è€æ°
ã®ãã€ãŒãéšïŒãæ¿èšãããŠãããå©å ïŒã¯ãå³
瀺ã®äŸã§ã¯å®è³ªçã«åç圢ã«åœ¢æãããŠãããå³
瀺ããªãæ段ã«ããåçŽã«ä¿æãããŠãããå©å
ïŒã¯ãã®äžç«¯éšãããã¯éå£åºéšïŒã«å³ç€ºããªã
é©å®ã®åºåã€ã³ãŽãããæ¯æåã¯æãåºãããã
ãã®éšæãèšããããŠããã
å©å ïŒã«ã¯ãå°ãªããšãïŒã€ã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒã€
ã®èªå°åïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒå³ç€ºã®äŸã§ã¯å¥ã ã«èšããŠ
ããïŒãé èšãããŠããããããã¯ç°ãªãåšæ³¢æ°
ã®é»æºã«é£çµãããããããå©å ïŒã®ç¬¬ïŒã第ïŒ
ãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã圢æããŠããã
ã®èªå°åïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒå³ç€ºã®äŸã§ã¯å¥ã ã«èšããŠ
ããïŒãé èšãããŠããããããã¯ç°ãªãåšæ³¢æ°
ã®é»æºã«é£çµãããããããå©å ïŒã®ç¬¬ïŒã第ïŒ
ãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã圢æããŠããã
æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯ãå©å å
ã«å°å
¥ãããäŸçµŠç©
ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã«å¯ŸããŠçžå¯Ÿç§»åãããã第
ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠã¯ãäŸçµŠç©ã¯ããããåå¿ãã
ãã¯æº¶èããã«å åãªé»ååã³åšæ³¢æ°ããã€èªèµ·
é»æµãå容ãããã®çµæãéå±çžåã³é±æ»çžã第
ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«çããããã®ç®çã®ãããèªå°åïŒïŒ
ã®èªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®æž©åºŠæ¡ä»¶äž
ã§ã溶èé±æ»ãšèªå°åïŒïŒã®èªèµ·é»æµãšã®éã®é»
ç£ççµåãèµ·ãåŸããããªå€ã«èšå®ãããã
ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã«å¯ŸããŠçžå¯Ÿç§»åãããã第
ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠã¯ãäŸçµŠç©ã¯ããããåå¿ãã
ãã¯æº¶èããã«å åãªé»ååã³åšæ³¢æ°ããã€èªèµ·
é»æµãå容ãããã®çµæãéå±çžåã³é±æ»çžã第
ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«çããããã®ç®çã®ãããèªå°åïŒïŒ
ã®èªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®æž©åºŠæ¡ä»¶äž
ã§ã溶èé±æ»ãšèªå°åïŒïŒã®èªèµ·é»æµãšã®éã®é»
ç£ççµåãèµ·ãåŸããããªå€ã«èšå®ãããã
äžæ¹ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã®äžæµã«äœçœ®ãã第ïŒãŸ
ãŒã³ïŒïŒã«ãããŠã¯ãäŸçµŠç©ã¯ãèªå°åïŒïŒã®èª
èµ·é»æµãšæº¶èé±æ»ãšã®éã®çŽæ¥çãªé»ç£ççµåã
äžå¯èœã«ãªããããªå åã«äœæžãããé»ååã³åš
æ³¢æ°ã®èªèµ·é»æµã®äœçšãåãããæŽã«ããã®èªèµ·
é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°åã³é»åã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãééãã
äŸçµŠç©ãåŸã ã«å·åŽãåŸããããªå€ã«èšå®ãã
ãã
ãŒã³ïŒïŒã«ãããŠã¯ãäŸçµŠç©ã¯ãèªå°åïŒïŒã®èª
èµ·é»æµãšæº¶èé±æ»ãšã®éã®çŽæ¥çãªé»ç£ççµåã
äžå¯èœã«ãªããããªå åã«äœæžãããé»ååã³åš
æ³¢æ°ã®èªèµ·é»æµã®äœçšãåãããæŽã«ããã®èªèµ·
é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°åã³é»åã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãééãã
äŸçµŠç©ãåŸã ã«å·åŽãåŸããããªå€ã«èšå®ãã
ãã
第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®é·ãã¯ããã®åºå£ã«ãããŠé±æ»ã
å®è³ªçã«ãã¹ãŠåºäœç¶ãšãªãã«å åãªé·ããæã
ãŠããã
å®è³ªçã«ãã¹ãŠåºäœç¶ãšãªãã«å åãªé·ããæã
ãŠããã
äžèšããããã«ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžå ããããèªèµ·
é»æµã¯å åäœæžããããã®çµæãäžæ¹ã§ã¯ãèªå°
åã®èªèµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšã®é»ç£ççµåã枩床ã®åŠäœ
ã«æãããã¯ãäžå¯èœãšãªããä»æ¹ã§ã¯ãé±æ»å
ã³éå±çžã«ç°ãªã€ãŠäœçšããæ±å¿åã®ãã¡ãéå±
çžã«äœçšããæ±å¿åéåãäžåãããã«ãªãã
é»æµã¯å åäœæžããããã®çµæãäžæ¹ã§ã¯ãèªå°
åã®èªèµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšã®é»ç£ççµåã枩床ã®åŠäœ
ã«æãããã¯ãäžå¯èœãšãªããä»æ¹ã§ã¯ãé±æ»å
ã³éå±çžã«ç°ãªã€ãŠäœçšããæ±å¿åã®ãã¡ãéå±
çžã«äœçšããæ±å¿åéåãäžåãããã«ãªãã
äžèšã«ãããŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§çèµ·ãããã®ãšçž
åãããçŸè±¡ãæžåŒçã«ç€ºããããããã¯ããã
ãŸã§ã説æäžã®ããšã§ããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã«ã
ããŠã¯ã被åŠçç©ã®æ¿ããæ¹æã芳å¯ãããåŸã€
ãŠãéå±çžãšé±æ»ã¯äºãã«åæ£ããç¶æ ã«ä¿ãã
ãŠãããããããããäžæŠç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã«å°å ¥
ããããšãåšæ³¢æ°ãæžããããèªèµ·é»æµã«ããç
ããæ±å¿åã®å¢å å¹æã«ãããéå±çžã¯ã第ïŒãŸ
ãŒã³ã®è»žéšã«éåããåŸåã瀺ããåæã«ãé±æ»
çžã«ãããŠæž©åºŠåŸé ãçããŠããã®çµæãå©å ã®
å£é¢ããäžå¿ã«åã€ãŠåŸã ã«åºåãèµ·ãããã®å Ž
åãåºåçžã¯ãå³äžïŒïŒã§ç€ºããé±æ»ã®æ¶²äœâåº
äœå¢çç·ã®ããã«ã圢æéäžã«ããéå±ã€ã³ãŽã
ãã«åãäžã€åŸã ã«äŸçµŠç©ã®ç§»åãšå ±ã«äžæ¹åãž
ãšå»¶ã³ãŠåœ¢æãããã
åãããçŸè±¡ãæžåŒçã«ç€ºããããããã¯ããã
ãŸã§ã説æäžã®ããšã§ããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã«ã
ããŠã¯ã被åŠçç©ã®æ¿ããæ¹æã芳å¯ãããåŸã€
ãŠãéå±çžãšé±æ»ã¯äºãã«åæ£ããç¶æ ã«ä¿ãã
ãŠãããããããããäžæŠç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã«å°å ¥
ããããšãåšæ³¢æ°ãæžããããèªèµ·é»æµã«ããç
ããæ±å¿åã®å¢å å¹æã«ãããéå±çžã¯ã第ïŒãŸ
ãŒã³ã®è»žéšã«éåããåŸåã瀺ããåæã«ãé±æ»
çžã«ãããŠæž©åºŠåŸé ãçããŠããã®çµæãå©å ã®
å£é¢ããäžå¿ã«åã€ãŠåŸã ã«åºåãèµ·ãããã®å Ž
åãåºåçžã¯ãå³äžïŒïŒã§ç€ºããé±æ»ã®æ¶²äœâåº
äœå¢çç·ã®ããã«ã圢æéäžã«ããéå±ã€ã³ãŽã
ãã«åãäžã€åŸã ã«äŸçµŠç©ã®ç§»åãšå ±ã«äžæ¹åãž
ãšå»¶ã³ãŠåœ¢æãããã
èªå°åïŒïŒãžäŸçµŠããé»åã«ããéå±å±€ïŒïŒïœ
ã®åºåç¶æ ãã³ã³ãããŒã«ããããšãã§ãã笊å·
ïŒïŒã§ç€ºããéšåã¯èªå°åã®èªèµ·é»æµãšãªãé»ç£
çã«çµåããŠæ¶²äœç¶æ ã«ããã第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãã被
åŠçç©ã¯ã¹ã©ã°ãããèç¹ã®é«ãéå±çžã®å Žåã§
ããã軞ãäžå¿ã«ããŠéã€ãéå±ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³
ã®åºå£ã«ãããŠã¯å®å šã«åºåããŠããããšã奜ãŸ
ããããé±æ»ãããäœãèç¹ããã€éå±ã®å Žå
ã¯ãå¿ ãããåºåã¯ããŠããªãããšãããã溶è
éå±ãé±æ»ã«å²ãŸããç¶æ ã§ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãåºãŠã
ãå Žåããããå³ç€ºã®ããšããå©å ã¯å¥œãŸããã¯
äŸçµŠç©ã®ç§»åæ¹åã«ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®äžåãŸã§å»¶é·ã
ãŠããããã®çµæå·åŽãŸãŒã³ã圢æãããããšã«
ãªã€ãŠãå šç©è³ªãããã§å®å šã«åºåãããã
ã®åºåç¶æ ãã³ã³ãããŒã«ããããšãã§ãã笊å·
ïŒïŒã§ç€ºããéšåã¯èªå°åã®èªèµ·é»æµãšãªãé»ç£
çã«çµåããŠæ¶²äœç¶æ ã«ããã第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãã被
åŠçç©ã¯ã¹ã©ã°ãããèç¹ã®é«ãéå±çžã®å Žåã§
ããã軞ãäžå¿ã«ããŠéã€ãéå±ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³
ã®åºå£ã«ãããŠã¯å®å šã«åºåããŠããããšã奜ãŸ
ããããé±æ»ãããäœãèç¹ããã€éå±ã®å Žå
ã¯ãå¿ ãããåºåã¯ããŠããªãããšãããã溶è
éå±ãé±æ»ã«å²ãŸããç¶æ ã§ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãåºãŠã
ãå Žåããããå³ç€ºã®ããšããå©å ã¯å¥œãŸããã¯
äŸçµŠç©ã®ç§»åæ¹åã«ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®äžåãŸã§å»¶é·ã
ãŠããããã®çµæå·åŽãŸãŒã³ã圢æãããããšã«
ãªã€ãŠãå šç©è³ªãããã§å®å šã«åºåãããã
äŸçµŠè£
眮ïŒããã®è¢«åŠçç©ãäŸçµŠãé©æ£ã«ããŠ
第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã«ãããŠæº¶èéå±çžåã³æº¶èé±æ»
ã圢æãããããšåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã§åºåãã
ã®ã¡ã®ãããã®ïŒçžãã圢æãããè€ååºåœ¢ç©ã
çã®åºéšïŒããå³ç€ºããªãå€éšæ¯ææ段ã«ããåŸ
åŸã«é£ç¶çã«æãåºãããããšãå å泚æããŠè¡
ãããšã«ããäžè¿°ããè£ çœ®ã¯ãé£ç¶æäœãå¯èœã§
ããã
第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã«ãããŠæº¶èéå±çžåã³æº¶èé±æ»
ã圢æãããããšåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒã§åºåãã
ã®ã¡ã®ãããã®ïŒçžãã圢æãããè€ååºåœ¢ç©ã
çã®åºéšïŒããå³ç€ºããªãå€éšæ¯ææ段ã«ããåŸ
åŸã«é£ç¶çã«æãåºãããããšãå å泚æããŠè¡
ãããšã«ããäžè¿°ããè£ çœ®ã¯ãé£ç¶æäœãå¯èœã§
ããã
以äžã¯ã被åŠçç©ã®å
šäœããèŠãŠé±æ»ã®å®¹éã
æ¯èŒç倧ãããšä»®å®ããŠèª¬æããŠããããããã¯
éå±çžåã³é±æ»ããäŸãã°ãé žåãã¿ã³ãšã¢ã«ã
ããŠã ãšããåå¿éçšã§åœ¢æãããé žåç©ãšéå
éå±ã®å ±éã®æº¶åªãšããŠäœçšããç©è³ªã®ååšäžã
åå¿ãããŠãã¿ã³ãšã¢ã«ãããŠã ã®åéã補é ã
ãããã®ãã«ãããæ³ã«ãããçæç©ã®å Žåãªã©
ã«ããŠã¯ãŸãã
æ¯èŒç倧ãããšä»®å®ããŠèª¬æããŠããããããã¯
éå±çžåã³é±æ»ããäŸãã°ãé žåãã¿ã³ãšã¢ã«ã
ããŠã ãšããåå¿éçšã§åœ¢æãããé žåç©ãšéå
éå±ã®å ±éã®æº¶åªãšããŠäœçšããç©è³ªã®ååšäžã
åå¿ãããŠãã¿ã³ãšã¢ã«ãããŠã ã®åéã補é ã
ãããã®ãã«ãããæ³ã«ãããçæç©ã®å Žåãªã©
ã«ããŠã¯ãŸãã
æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãåå¿ç©ã®ééå²åãçãžã®äŸ
絊é床ãé©å®èšå®ããããšã¯åœæ¥è ã«ãšã€ãŠå°é£
ãªããšã§ã¯ãªãããŸãã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®ãµ
ã€ãºïŒç¹ã«é«ããšåŸïŒãèæ ®ããŠãäžè¿°ããçŸè±¡
ãçèµ·ãããããã«èªå°ã³ã€ã«ãžå ããé»åãåš
æ³¢æ°ãé©å®èšå®ããããšãåœæ¥è ã§ããã°å®¹æã«
è¡ããããå°ãé±æ»ã«é¢ããŠã¯ãäžå®ã®å©å ã®å€§
ããã«ãããèªå°åã®èªèµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšã®é»ç£ç
çµåãå¯èœãšãªã枩床ãšãã®æž©åºŠã«ãããæå°åš
æ³¢æ°ãããå€ã¯ç¥ãããŠããããŸã枬å®ããããš
ãã§ãããäžè¬ã«ãããäžå®æž©åºŠã«ãããŠã¯ãé±
æ»ã®åšæ³¢æ°ãããå€ã¯å©å ã®åŸãå°ãããªãã«ã€
ãé«ããªããäžäŸãæãããšã1800âã«ãããŠã
å©å ã®çŽåŸã75mmã®ãšãïŒmghz以äžã®åšæ³¢æ°ã«
ãã€ãŠæº¶èå¡©åã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã«èªå°é»æµãçããã
ãããšãã§ããçŽåŸã200mmã«ãªããš800khz以äž
ãšãªãã
絊é床ãé©å®èšå®ããããšã¯åœæ¥è ã«ãšã€ãŠå°é£
ãªããšã§ã¯ãªãããŸãã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®ãµ
ã€ãºïŒç¹ã«é«ããšåŸïŒãèæ ®ããŠãäžè¿°ããçŸè±¡
ãçèµ·ãããããã«èªå°ã³ã€ã«ãžå ããé»åãåš
æ³¢æ°ãé©å®èšå®ããããšãåœæ¥è ã§ããã°å®¹æã«
è¡ããããå°ãé±æ»ã«é¢ããŠã¯ãäžå®ã®å©å ã®å€§
ããã«ãããèªå°åã®èªèµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšã®é»ç£ç
çµåãå¯èœãšãªã枩床ãšãã®æž©åºŠã«ãããæå°åš
æ³¢æ°ãããå€ã¯ç¥ãããŠããããŸã枬å®ããããš
ãã§ãããäžè¬ã«ãããäžå®æž©åºŠã«ãããŠã¯ãé±
æ»ã®åšæ³¢æ°ãããå€ã¯å©å ã®åŸãå°ãããªãã«ã€
ãé«ããªããäžäŸãæãããšã1800âã«ãããŠã
å©å ã®çŽåŸã75mmã®ãšãïŒmghz以äžã®åšæ³¢æ°ã«
ãã€ãŠæº¶èå¡©åã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã«èªå°é»æµãçããã
ãããšãã§ããçŽåŸã200mmã«ãªããš800khz以äž
ãšãªãã
äžèšã®å¥œãŸããæ
æ§ã«ãããŠã¯ãïŒã€ã®èªå°å
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒãç°ãªãåšæ³¢æ°ãå³ã¡ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®
èªå°åã«ã¯é«åšæ³¢æ°ã®ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åã«ã¯äž
ãããã¯äœåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµãéãããåŠã説æã
ããããããä»ã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒãå€åãããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠãåæ§ãªå¹æãåŸãããããšã¯èšããŸã§
ããªãã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒãç°ãªãåšæ³¢æ°ãå³ã¡ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®
èªå°åã«ã¯é«åšæ³¢æ°ã®ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åã«ã¯äž
ãããã¯äœåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµãéãããåŠã説æã
ããããããä»ã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒãå€åãããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠãåæ§ãªå¹æãåŸãããããšã¯èšããŸã§
ããªãã
äŸãã°ãèªå°åïŒïŒã«ã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãž
éããé»æµãšåãåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµãéããããšãã§
ããããã®å Žåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®æž©åºŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³
ã§ãç¶æãããã«ã¯äžå åãªãäœé»åãšããå¿ èŠ
ãããããã®ãããªå·åŽå¹æã«ãããèªå°åã®èª
èµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšã®éã«ä»¥åååšããé»ç£ççµåã®
å¯èœæ§ãæããããŠã枩床äœäžãåããæ¹æã劚
ããããå©å ã®å£é¢ããåŸã ã«åºåãä¿é²ãããŠ
äžèšããããã«åŸé ã圢æãããã
éããé»æµãšåãåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµãéããããšãã§
ããããã®å Žåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®æž©åºŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³
ã§ãç¶æãããã«ã¯äžå åãªãäœé»åãšããå¿ èŠ
ãããããã®ãããªå·åŽå¹æã«ãããèªå°åã®èª
èµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšã®éã«ä»¥åååšããé»ç£ççµåã®
å¯èœæ§ãæããããŠã枩床äœäžãåããæ¹æã劚
ããããå©å ã®å£é¢ããåŸã ã«åºåãä¿é²ãããŠ
äžèšããããã«åŸé ã圢æãããã
äžèšã«ãããŠã¯ã被åŠçç©ãšèªå°åãšã®çžå¯Ÿç§»
åã¯ã被åŠçç©èªäœã®ç§»åãå³ã¡ãåºå®ãããèª
å°åã«å¯Ÿå¿ããåºå®ããã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã
äžç«¯ããäžæ¹ãžãšåã移åã«ãã€ãŠããããã
ããæ¬çºæã¯ããã«éããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
åã¯ã被åŠçç©èªäœã®ç§»åãå³ã¡ãåºå®ãããèª
å°åã«å¯Ÿå¿ããåºå®ããã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã
äžç«¯ããäžæ¹ãžãšåã移åã«ãã€ãŠããããã
ããæ¬çºæã¯ããã«éããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
第ïŒå³ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ãå®æœããããã®è£
眮
ã®å€åœ¢äŸã瀺ããã®ã§ãããã§ã¯ã被åŠçç©ã®èª
å°åã«å¯Ÿããçžå¯Ÿç§»åã¯ãåºéšããé éšãžãšåã
èªå°åèªäœã®ç§»åã«ãã€ãŠããããããã第ïŒå³
ã«ãããŠã¯ã第ïŒå³ãšåæ§ãªéšæã¯åäžã®ç¬Šå·ã
ä»ããã
ã®å€åœ¢äŸã瀺ããã®ã§ãããã§ã¯ã被åŠçç©ã®èª
å°åã«å¯Ÿããçžå¯Ÿç§»åã¯ãåºéšããé éšãžãšåã
èªå°åèªäœã®ç§»åã«ãã€ãŠããããããã第ïŒå³
ã«ãããŠã¯ã第ïŒå³ãšåæ§ãªéšæã¯åäžã®ç¬Šå·ã
ä»ããã
ãã®è£
眮ã¯ç¬¬ïŒå³ã®ãã®ãšã¯ãåºéšã¯åãå€ã
èªåšã®åºæ¿ïŒïŒã«ããéæ¢ãããŠããç¹ãç°ã€ãŠ
ãããåºæ¿ïŒïŒã¯åŸªç°æ°Žã«ããå·åŽãåããã
èªåšã®åºæ¿ïŒïŒã«ããéæ¢ãããŠããç¹ãç°ã€ãŠ
ãããåºæ¿ïŒïŒã¯åŸªç°æ°Žã«ããå·åŽãåããã
å©å ïŒã®äžéšã¯ãã¬ã¹é°å²æ°ã®èª¿æŽãå¯èœãªäŸ
çµŠè£ çœ®ïŒãè£ çœ®ãããŠãããèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒã¯åœåã¯åºæ¿ïŒïŒã«è¿æ¥ããŠäœçœ®ãã被åŠçç©
ãå©å å ã«äŸçµŠãããã«åŸã€ãŠåŸã ã«äžæ¹ãžãšç§»
åããã
çµŠè£ çœ®ïŒãè£ çœ®ãããŠãããèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒã¯åœåã¯åºæ¿ïŒïŒã«è¿æ¥ããŠäœçœ®ãã被åŠçç©
ãå©å å ã«äŸçµŠãããã«åŸã€ãŠåŸã ã«äžæ¹ãžãšç§»
åããã
ãã®å Žåã第ïŒå³ã®è£
眮ã«ãããŠæå³ãããã
ããªç°ãªãæäœãè¡ãããšãã§ãããèªå°ã³ã€ã«
ã®äžææäœãçµäºããŠæ圢äœãå©å å ã®å šé·ã«ã
ãã€ãŠå ããç¶æ ã«è³ããšãåºæ¿ïŒïŒã¯åãå€ã
ããŠæ £çšã®åŒãæãæ段ã«ããåºåç©ãæãåºã
ããã
ããªç°ãªãæäœãè¡ãããšãã§ãããèªå°ã³ã€ã«
ã®äžææäœãçµäºããŠæ圢äœãå©å å ã®å šé·ã«ã
ãã€ãŠå ããç¶æ ã«è³ããšãåºæ¿ïŒïŒã¯åãå€ã
ããŠæ £çšã®åŒãæãæ段ã«ããåºåç©ãæãåºã
ããã
æ¬çºæã«ããå¥ã®èå³æ·±ãçµæãéæããããš
ãã§ãããããã¯ãæ¢ã«è¿°ã¹ãããã«ãåºåãã
éå±çžã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®äœçœ®ã§çžç¶ãã§ã€ã³ãŽãã
ã«äºååå²ã§ããããšã§ããããã®ç®çã®ããã«
ã¯ãåã³ç¬¬ïŒå³ã«ãããŠããã€ãŒãéšïŒã«ããã
å©å äžéšãžäŸçµŠããã被åŠçç©ãæç¶çã«ãã®çµ
æãå€åãããã ãã§å åã§ãããå³ã¡ãããã§
ã®äŸçµŠç©ããããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒãééãããš
ãé±æ»ã ããçãããããªæåã§æ§æãããããš
ã«ãããé±æ»ã®ã液ç¶å å¡«éšäžéäœãã圢æãã
ãããšãã§ããããã¯åŸã«ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãééãã
éã«åºåå å¡«éšïŒïŒã«è»¢æããããå©å ã®äžéšã«
ãããŠäŸçµŠç©ãåã³éå±çžãšé±æ»ãšãäžãããã
ãªè¢«åŠçç©ã«æ»ãããšã«ããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãã
ãŠã¯ãã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒïœã圢æãããã
ãã§ãããããã¯ãæ¢ã«è¿°ã¹ãããã«ãåºåãã
éå±çžã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®äœçœ®ã§çžç¶ãã§ã€ã³ãŽãã
ã«äºååå²ã§ããããšã§ããããã®ç®çã®ããã«
ã¯ãåã³ç¬¬ïŒå³ã«ãããŠããã€ãŒãéšïŒã«ããã
å©å äžéšãžäŸçµŠããã被åŠçç©ãæç¶çã«ãã®çµ
æãå€åãããã ãã§å åã§ãããå³ã¡ãããã§
ã®äŸçµŠç©ããããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒïŒãééãããš
ãé±æ»ã ããçãããããªæåã§æ§æãããããš
ã«ãããé±æ»ã®ã液ç¶å å¡«éšäžéäœãã圢æãã
ãããšãã§ããããã¯åŸã«ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãééãã
éã«åºåå å¡«éšïŒïŒã«è»¢æããããå©å ã®äžéšã«
ãããŠäŸçµŠç©ãåã³éå±çžãšé±æ»ãšãäžãããã
ãªè¢«åŠçç©ã«æ»ãããšã«ããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãã
ãŠã¯ãã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒïœã圢æãããã
第ïŒå³ãã解ãããã«ãååå
å¡«éšïŒïŒã«ã
ããæ¢ã«åœ¢æãããã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒïœã¯çŸåšåœ¢æ
äžã®ã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒïœãšåå²ããããçã®åºå£ã«
ãããŠã¯ãã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒïœïŒïŒïŒïœã¯åºåå å¡«
éšïŒïŒã®éšåã«è¡æãäžããã ãã§å®¹æã«åãé¢
ãã§ããã
ããæ¢ã«åœ¢æãããã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒïœã¯çŸåšåœ¢æ
äžã®ã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒïœãšåå²ããããçã®åºå£ã«
ãããŠã¯ãã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒïœïŒïŒïŒïœã¯åºåå å¡«
éšïŒïŒã®éšåã«è¡æãäžããã ãã§å®¹æã«åãé¢
ãã§ããã
ãã®ãããªæ¹æ³ã¯ãã¹ã©ã°ã®åœ¢æéãå°ãªãã
èªå°çã«ãããŠéåžžåŠçããã被åŠçç©å šäœã®10
ïŒ ä»¥äžãæ®ã«ïŒïŒ 以äžã¹ã©ã°éã®ãããªãéå±ã
ããã¯åéã®åŠçã®å Žåã«ç¹ã«èå³æ·±ãçµæãäž
ãããäžèšãããããªå©å ãšïŒã€ã®ãŸãŒã³ã®çµå
ãã«ããã第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãããã«ãåºåå å¡«éšïŒïŒ
ã«ããäºååå²ãããã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒããäžèšã
ãæ¡ä»¶ãæ¡çšããããšã«ãã圢æããããšãã§ã
ãããã®å Žåãèªå°åïŒïŒã®äž»ãªåœ¹å²ã¯ãåè¿°ã®
å Žåãšåæ§ã«ã液ç¶å å¡«éšäžéäœã圢æãããã
ããšã§ããã液ç¶å å¡«éšäžéäœã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã
åºãŠåºåããããšã«ãããäžèšããå å¡«éšäžéäœ
ïŒïŒã圢æãããããã®åœ¹å²ã¯ãäžè¿°ããæ¡ä»¶äž
ã§ããã€ãŒãéšïŒããå©å å ãžå°å ¥ãããäŸçµŠç©
ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§é±æ»ã®ã¿ãäžãããããªæåã®ã
ã®ã§æ§æãããå Žåã«ç¹ã«éèŠã§ããã
èªå°çã«ãããŠéåžžåŠçããã被åŠçç©å šäœã®10
ïŒ ä»¥äžãæ®ã«ïŒïŒ 以äžã¹ã©ã°éã®ãããªãéå±ã
ããã¯åéã®åŠçã®å Žåã«ç¹ã«èå³æ·±ãçµæãäž
ãããäžèšãããããªå©å ãšïŒã€ã®ãŸãŒã³ã®çµå
ãã«ããã第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãããã«ãåºåå å¡«éšïŒïŒ
ã«ããäºååå²ãããã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒããäžèšã
ãæ¡ä»¶ãæ¡çšããããšã«ãã圢æããããšãã§ã
ãããã®å Žåãèªå°åïŒïŒã®äž»ãªåœ¹å²ã¯ãåè¿°ã®
å Žåãšåæ§ã«ã液ç¶å å¡«éšäžéäœã圢æãããã
ããšã§ããã液ç¶å å¡«éšäžéäœã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã
åºãŠåºåããããšã«ãããäžèšããå å¡«éšäžéäœ
ïŒïŒã圢æãããããã®åœ¹å²ã¯ãäžè¿°ããæ¡ä»¶äž
ã§ããã€ãŒãéšïŒããå©å å ãžå°å ¥ãããäŸçµŠç©
ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§é±æ»ã®ã¿ãäžãããããªæåã®ã
ã®ã§æ§æãããå Žåã«ç¹ã«éèŠã§ããã
ãã®å Žåãç¹ã«å©å ãžåã³å°å
¥ãã被åŠçç©ã
éå±çžãäžãããããªãã®ã§ãã€ãŠã圢æããã
é±æ»éšã¯ç¬¬ïŒå³ã®ããã«èç®ïŒïŒç¶ãšãªããããª
å Žåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããæ±å¿åã®çèµ·ã¯äœãé
èŠã§ã¯ãªããªãããã®ãããªå Žåã¯ãéå±çžãé
äžããããŠåºåéå±çžãããªãã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒã
圢æãããã«ã¯éåã ãã§å åã§ãããéå±çžã®
溶èç¶æ ãžã®ç§»è¡åã³è©²ç¶æ ã®ä¿æã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã®èªå°åïŒïŒããäŸçµŠãããäžåšæ³¢æ°ãããã¯
äœåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµã«ãã€ãŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§ã®ã¿è¡ã
ããã
éå±çžãäžãããããªãã®ã§ãã€ãŠã圢æããã
é±æ»éšã¯ç¬¬ïŒå³ã®ããã«èç®ïŒïŒç¶ãšãªããããª
å Žåã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããæ±å¿åã®çèµ·ã¯äœãé
èŠã§ã¯ãªããªãããã®ãããªå Žåã¯ãéå±çžãé
äžããããŠåºåéå±çžãããªãã€ã³ãŽããïŒïŒã
圢æãããã«ã¯éåã ãã§å åã§ãããéå±çžã®
溶èç¶æ ãžã®ç§»è¡åã³è©²ç¶æ ã®ä¿æã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã®èªå°åïŒïŒããäŸçµŠãããäžåšæ³¢æ°ãããã¯
äœåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµã«ãã€ãŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§ã®ã¿è¡ã
ããã
åèšã®å Žåãšåæ§ã«ã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èª
å°åã«ã¯äžèšããæ¡ä»¶ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµã
åæã«äŸçµŠãããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠæ¶è²»ãã
ããšãã«ã®ãŒã¯ãå©å å ã«å°å ¥ããã被åŠçç©ã®
å ç±ãè¡ãããã®ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãå°å ¥ãããäŸçµŠ
ç©ãé±æ»ã®ã¿ã圢æãããã®ã«æç¶çã«å€ããã
ãå Žåã«ã¯ãç¹ã«ããã溶èããããããã®ãã®
ã§ããã
å°åã«ã¯äžèšããæ¡ä»¶ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµã
åæã«äŸçµŠãããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠæ¶è²»ãã
ããšãã«ã®ãŒã¯ãå©å å ã«å°å ¥ããã被åŠçç©ã®
å ç±ãè¡ãããã®ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãå°å ¥ãããäŸçµŠ
ç©ãé±æ»ã®ã¿ã圢æãããã®ã«æç¶çã«å€ããã
ãå Žåã«ã¯ãç¹ã«ããã溶èããããããã®ãã®
ã§ããã
äžæ¹ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åïŒïŒã«å ããããäž
ãããã¯äœåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµã¯éåžžã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§äº
ãäºç±ãããéå±çžã®æº¶èãéæãåŸãããã«èš
å®ãããããã®å Žåãèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒãžã®é»æµã®
äŸçµŠã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§æº¶èãäžã€é±æ»åœ¢ææåã
ãã®ã¿æ§æãããäŸçµŠç©ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžå°å ¥ãã
ãå Žåãäžæããããšãå¯èœã§ããã
ãããã¯äœåšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµã¯éåžžã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§äº
ãäºç±ãããéå±çžã®æº¶èãéæãåŸãããã«èš
å®ãããããã®å Žåãèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒãžã®é»æµã®
äŸçµŠã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§æº¶èãäžã€é±æ»åœ¢ææåã
ãã®ã¿æ§æãããäŸçµŠç©ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžå°å ¥ãã
ãå Žåãäžæããããšãå¯èœã§ããã
ãããšå察ã«ãçãžåœåå°å
¥ããäŸçµŠç©ãå®è³ª
çã«éå±çžãäžãããã®ã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«
å ããããé»æ°çãšãã«ã®ãŒããããå®å šã«æº¶è
ãããäžã€å°éååšããé±æ»ã溶èéå±çžãšæ¥è§Š
ããããšã«ãã溶èããããã«å åãªå Žåã第ïŒ
ãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ãžã®é»æµäŸçµŠã¯äžæããããš
ãå¯èœã§ããã
çã«éå±çžãäžãããã®ã§ãã€ãŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«
å ããããé»æ°çãšãã«ã®ãŒããããå®å šã«æº¶è
ãããäžã€å°éååšããé±æ»ã溶èéå±çžãšæ¥è§Š
ããããšã«ãã溶èããããã«å åãªå Žåã第ïŒ
ãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ãžã®é»æµäŸçµŠã¯äžæããããš
ãå¯èœã§ããã
äžèšã®ããšãããæ¬çºæã®ïŒå®æœæ§ã«ããã°ã
第ïŒã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒãžã®é»
åäŸçµŠããå©å ãžé£ç¶çã«å°å ¥ããã被åŠçç©ã®
æ§ææåã®æç¶çãªå€åã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠå€åãããã
ãšãå¯èœã§ãããå³ã¡ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ã
åã«é±æ»ã®åœ¢æãæå³ãããã®ã§ããå Žåã«ç¬¬ïŒ
ãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãäœåãããäžæ¹ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãž
ã®äŸçµŠç©ãå ç±ã«ãã溶èçžãäžãããã®ã§ãã
å Žåã«ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãäœåãããã
第ïŒã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒãžã®é»
åäŸçµŠããå©å ãžé£ç¶çã«å°å ¥ããã被åŠçç©ã®
æ§ææåã®æç¶çãªå€åã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠå€åãããã
ãšãå¯èœã§ãããå³ã¡ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ã
åã«é±æ»ã®åœ¢æãæå³ãããã®ã§ããå Žåã«ç¬¬ïŒ
ãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãäœåãããäžæ¹ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãž
ã®äŸçµŠç©ãå ç±ã«ãã溶èçžãäžãããã®ã§ãã
å Žåã«ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãäœåãããã
ãã®å Žåãèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒã¯å©å ã®å
±é
éšã«éããŠé 眮ãããŠã第ïŒã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã¯ãå
äžãªãŸãŒã³ã«å䜵ããããšãã§ããããã®å Žåã
ãã®ãŸãŒã³ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ãé±æ»ã®ã¿ãäžãããã®ã§
ããæã«ã¯ãèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒïŒç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒãäœ
åãããŠé«åšæ³¢æ°ã®é»ç£å ŽãäœçšãããäŸçµŠç©ã
å®è³ªçã«éå±çžãäžãããã®ã®å Žåã«ã¯èªå°ã³ã€
ã«ïŒïŒïŒç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒãäœåãããŠäœãããã¯äž
åšæ³¢æ°ã®é»ç£å Žãäœçšãããã
éšã«éããŠé 眮ãããŠã第ïŒã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã¯ãå
äžãªãŸãŒã³ã«å䜵ããããšãã§ããããã®å Žåã
ãã®ãŸãŒã³ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ãé±æ»ã®ã¿ãäžãããã®ã§
ããæã«ã¯ãèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒïŒç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒãäœ
åãããŠé«åšæ³¢æ°ã®é»ç£å ŽãäœçšãããäŸçµŠç©ã
å®è³ªçã«éå±çžãäžãããã®ã®å Žåã«ã¯èªå°ã³ã€
ã«ïŒïŒïŒç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ïŒãäœåãããŠäœãããã¯äž
åšæ³¢æ°ã®é»ç£å Žãäœçšãããã
第ïŒã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ãžã®é»æµã®äŸçµŠ
ã¯ããããã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ãéããŠé 眮ãããŠãã
ãåŠãã«ã¯ç¡é¢ä¿ã«ãå©å ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ã®æç¶çãª
å€åãšé¢é£ãããããšãæå©ã§ããããããã®èª
å°åãžã®äº€äºã®é»åäŸçµŠã¯äŸçµŠç©ã®å€åã«é¢é£ã
ããŠãæ®ã«ãå©å ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ãæç¶çã«å€åãã
ããå³ç€ºãªããè£ çœ®ã«ãµãŒãæ©æ§çã«é£ç¶ãããŠ
å¶åŸ¡ãããã第ïŒã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãããããééã
ã溶èçæç©ã®æ§è³ªã«å¿ããŠå€åããããç¹ã«ã
èªå°åïŒïŒãžã®é»æµäŸçµŠã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§åœ¢æã
ãé±æ»ã®æ¶²ç¶å å¡«éšã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžå°å ¥ããæ
ïŒäž¡ãŸãŒã³ãå䜵ããŠããªãå ŽåïŒäžæããããš
ãã§ããã
ã¯ããããã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ãéããŠé 眮ãããŠãã
ãåŠãã«ã¯ç¡é¢ä¿ã«ãå©å ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ã®æç¶çãª
å€åãšé¢é£ãããããšãæå©ã§ããããããã®èª
å°åãžã®äº€äºã®é»åäŸçµŠã¯äŸçµŠç©ã®å€åã«é¢é£ã
ããŠãæ®ã«ãå©å ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ãæç¶çã«å€åãã
ããå³ç€ºãªããè£ çœ®ã«ãµãŒãæ©æ§çã«é£ç¶ãããŠ
å¶åŸ¡ãããã第ïŒã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãããããééã
ã溶èçæç©ã®æ§è³ªã«å¿ããŠå€åããããç¹ã«ã
èªå°åïŒïŒãžã®é»æµäŸçµŠã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§åœ¢æã
ãé±æ»ã®æ¶²ç¶å å¡«éšã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžå°å ¥ããæ
ïŒäž¡ãŸãŒã³ãå䜵ããŠããªãå ŽåïŒäžæããããš
ãã§ããã
ããããªãããå©å å
ã§ã®è¢«åŠçç©äžã®é±æ»çž
ã®å®¹éãå°ãªãå Žåã«ããïŒã€ã®èªå°åã«ãã圢
æãããïŒã€ã®å¥åã®ãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠãäž¡èªå°å
ã«åæã«éé»ããŠåŠçããããšãæå©ã§ãããã
ãã«ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããé±æ»ã®ã¿ã圢æããããã®äŸ
絊ç©ã®éã調æŽããŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«åžžã«æ¶²ç¶é±æ»
ãååšããããããšãã§ããïŒé±æ»ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã®äžæµã®ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§åœ¢æããã液ç¶éå±çžã®
äžã«æµ®ã¶ããšã«ãªãïŒãå©å ãžã®äŸçµŠç©åã³ïŒå
ã¯é±æ»ãããæ¯éã®å€§ããéå±çžã¯ãéåã®äœçš
ã«ãã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžç§»è¡ããåã«ãäºç±ããäžéš
溶èããããã®åŸéå±çžã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§å šäœã
溶èãããŠåŠçãçµããã
ã®å®¹éãå°ãªãå Žåã«ããïŒã€ã®èªå°åã«ãã圢
æãããïŒã€ã®å¥åã®ãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠãäž¡èªå°å
ã«åæã«éé»ããŠåŠçããããšãæå©ã§ãããã
ãã«ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããé±æ»ã®ã¿ã圢æããããã®äŸ
絊ç©ã®éã調æŽããŠã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«åžžã«æ¶²ç¶é±æ»
ãååšããããããšãã§ããïŒé±æ»ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã®äžæµã®ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§åœ¢æããã液ç¶éå±çžã®
äžã«æµ®ã¶ããšã«ãªãïŒãå©å ãžã®äŸçµŠç©åã³ïŒå
ã¯é±æ»ãããæ¯éã®å€§ããéå±çžã¯ãéåã®äœçš
ã«ãã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžç§»è¡ããåã«ãäºç±ããäžéš
溶èããããã®åŸéå±çžã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã§å šäœã
溶èãããŠåŠçãçµããã
äžèšããå®æœäŸã¯æºé£ç¶æ¹åŒæå©ã«éè¡ãã
ããå³ã¡ãå®æçã«ãéå±çžãäžãã被åŠçç©ã®
äŸçµŠãäžæãããã®ä»£ãã«ãé±æ»ã圢æããç©è³ª
ãäŸçµŠããå©å åºéšãã圢æããéå±ã€ã³ãŽãã
ãæãåºããšãšãã«ã液ç¶å å¡«éšã®äžéšã第ïŒãŸ
ãŒã³ãã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžãšç§»è¡ããããããã§åºå
ããããé±æ»ã®æ¶²ç¶å å¡«éšã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠ
圢æãããæã«ãéå±çžãäžãã被åŠçç©ã®äŸçµŠ
ãåéããå段ã®ã€ã³ãŽãããšã¯å¥ã®éå±çžã€ã³
ãŽãããåè¿°ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã§åœ¢æãããã
ããå³ã¡ãå®æçã«ãéå±çžãäžãã被åŠçç©ã®
äŸçµŠãäžæãããã®ä»£ãã«ãé±æ»ã圢æããç©è³ª
ãäŸçµŠããå©å åºéšãã圢æããéå±ã€ã³ãŽãã
ãæãåºããšãšãã«ã液ç¶å å¡«éšã®äžéšã第ïŒãŸ
ãŒã³ãã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžãšç§»è¡ããããããã§åºå
ããããé±æ»ã®æ¶²ç¶å å¡«éšã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠ
圢æãããæã«ãéå±çžãäžãã被åŠçç©ã®äŸçµŠ
ãåéããå段ã®ã€ã³ãŽãããšã¯å¥ã®éå±çžã€ã³
ãŽãããåè¿°ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã§åœ¢æãããã
æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã次ã«å®æœäŸã«ãã詳现ã«èª¬æã
ãããæ¬çºæã¯ããã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
ãããæ¬çºæã¯ããã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
å®æœäŸ ïŒ
第ïŒå³ã«é¢ããŠäžè¿°ãããããªåé¢è£
眮ãçšã
ãããã®è£ 眮ã¯ãé«ãïŒïœå åŸ100mmã®å©å ãå
ãããã®å£é¢ã¯22æ¬ã®é 管ãã圢æãã管å ãæµ
ããæ°Žã«ããå·åŽãããé 管ã¯åæ°ã®çµ¶çžäœã«ã
ãäºãã«éé¢ãããçŽ10cmã®é«ãã®ã³ã€ã«ã«ãã
æ§æãããïŒã€ã®é£æ¥ããèªå°ã³ã€ã«ãå©å ã®åš
å²ã«èšãäžè¿°ãããããªç¬¬ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã圢
æãããèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒã«ã¯ã850kHzã40kWã®
é»æµãéããäžæ¹ãèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒã«ã¯10kHzã
15kWã®é»æµãéããã
ãããã®è£ 眮ã¯ãé«ãïŒïœå åŸ100mmã®å©å ãå
ãããã®å£é¢ã¯22æ¬ã®é 管ãã圢æãã管å ãæµ
ããæ°Žã«ããå·åŽãããé 管ã¯åæ°ã®çµ¶çžäœã«ã
ãäºãã«éé¢ãããçŽ10cmã®é«ãã®ã³ã€ã«ã«ãã
æ§æãããïŒã€ã®é£æ¥ããèªå°ã³ã€ã«ãå©å ã®åš
å²ã«èšãäžè¿°ãããããªç¬¬ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã圢
æãããèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒã«ã¯ã850kHzã40kWã®
é»æµãéããäžæ¹ãèªå°ã³ã€ã«ïŒïŒã«ã¯10kHzã
15kWã®é»æµãéããã
äžèšã®ããã«æ§æããè£
眮ãçšããããåã«ã«
ã·ãŠã åã³é žåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã®ååšäžã«ãããé žå
ãã¿ããŠã ã®ã¢ã«ãããŠã ã«ããéå ãè¡ã€ãã
ãããåæåã®ééå²åã¯äžèšã®ãšããã§ãã€
ãã
ã·ãŠã åã³é žåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã®ååšäžã«ãããé žå
ãã¿ããŠã ã®ã¢ã«ãããŠã ã«ããéå ãè¡ã€ãã
ãããåæåã®ééå²åã¯äžèšã®ãšããã§ãã€
ãã
TiO2 30ïŒ
Al 23ïŒ
CaF2 22ïŒ
CaO 25ïŒ
åå¿ã¯å©å ã®åºéšã§éå§ããããããèªäœã¯å
¬
ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§åå¿ãéå§ãããåŸã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®æž©
床ã1800âçšåºŠã«äžæãããããã®æž©åºŠãä¿æã
ããå©å å ãžã®åäžçžå¯Ÿééçµæã®æ··åç©ã®äŸçµŠ
é床ã¯ãåºéšããé éšãžã®ïŒã€ã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ã®ç§»
åé床ã12cmïŒåãšãåŸããããªé床ã«èšå®ã
ãã
ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§åå¿ãéå§ãããåŸã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®æž©
床ã1800âçšåºŠã«äžæãããããã®æž©åºŠãä¿æã
ããå©å å ãžã®åäžçžå¯Ÿééçµæã®æ··åç©ã®äŸçµŠ
é床ã¯ãåºéšããé éšãžã®ïŒã€ã®èªå°ã³ã€ã«ã®ç§»
åé床ã12cmïŒåãšãåŸããããªé床ã«èšå®ã
ãã
ã¢ã«ãããŠã åã³ãã¿ããŠã ããæãåéãšé±
æ»ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãåºãŠç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžå ¥ããšãã«
ã¯ããããã溶èç¶æ ã«ãã€ããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«
ãããŠã¯åºåããŠãé±æ»çžã«å²ãŸããå軞ããé
å±âãã€ãããâãããªãè€åã·ãªã³ããŒã圢æ
ããã
æ»ã¯ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãåºãŠç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžå ¥ããšãã«
ã¯ããããã溶èç¶æ ã«ãã€ããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«
ãããŠã¯åºåããŠãé±æ»çžã«å²ãŸããå軞ããé
å±âãã€ãããâãããªãè€åã·ãªã³ããŒã圢æ
ããã
éå±çžïŒ60ééïŒ
ã®ãã¿ããŠã ãš0.3ïŒ
ã®é
žçŽ
åãå«ã40ééïŒ ã®ã¢ã«ãããŠã ïŒåã³é±æ»çžã®
çææ¯ã¯å®¹éæ¯ã§1/4ã1/5çšåºŠã§ãã€ããåºéšã®
æ¿ïŒïŒãåãå€ãããšã«ãããã®çæç©ã¯å©å ã
ã容æã«åãåºãããšãã§ããã
åãå«ã40ééïŒ ã®ã¢ã«ãããŠã ïŒåã³é±æ»çžã®
çææ¯ã¯å®¹éæ¯ã§1/4ã1/5çšåºŠã§ãã€ããåºéšã®
æ¿ïŒïŒãåãå€ãããšã«ãããã®çæç©ã¯å©å ã
ã容æã«åãåºãããšãã§ããã
å®æœäŸ ïŒ
第ïŒå³å³ç€ºã®è£
眮ã®ïŒã€ã®èªå°åãäžèšã®ãã
ã«æŽ»åãããŠæç¶çãªçžåé¢ãè¡ã€ããçšããè£
眮ãå©å ã®ç¹åŸŽã¯äžèšå®æœäŸïŒã«ç€ºãããšããã§
ããããããããã¿ããŠã ã®ã¹ã¯ã©ããã液äœã
ãåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã®ååšäžã§æº¶èããŠã¹ã¯ã©ããäž
ã®é žåç©ã®äžéšãé€å»ããæ¹æ³ã«é©çšããã
ã«æŽ»åãããŠæç¶çãªçžåé¢ãè¡ã€ããçšããè£
眮ãå©å ã®ç¹åŸŽã¯äžèšå®æœäŸïŒã«ç€ºãããšããã§
ããããããããã¿ããŠã ã®ã¹ã¯ã©ããã液äœã
ãåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã®ååšäžã§æº¶èããŠã¹ã¯ã©ããäž
ã®é žåç©ã®äžéšãé€å»ããæ¹æ³ã«é©çšããã
ããåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãå©å ã®åºéšã«äŸçµŠãããã
èªäœå ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã«ããåå¿ãéå§ããåŸã850k
Hzã30kWã®äœåããããèªå°åïŒïŒã«ãããã
åã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã溶èãããã液ç¶ã«ä¿æããã
ãã次ã«ããã®CaF2济äžã«ãã¿ããŠã ã®ã¹ã¯ã©
ãããåŸã ã«å°å ¥ããã¹ã¯ã©ãããå€æ°ãšé®æã
ããšãšãã«ã¹ã¯ã©ããäžã®é žåç©ã®äžéšã溶解ã
ããããã¿ããŠã ã¹ã¯ã©ããã«é¢ããŠïŒééïŒ ã®
å²åã§ããã¿ããŠã ã¹ã¯ã©ãããšCaF2ã®åæäŸ
絊ãç¶ããªãããæ¢è¿°ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã§èªå°åã移åã
ããã
èªäœå ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã«ããåå¿ãéå§ããåŸã850k
Hzã30kWã®äœåããããèªå°åïŒïŒã«ãããã
åã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã溶èãããã液ç¶ã«ä¿æããã
ãã次ã«ããã®CaF2济äžã«ãã¿ããŠã ã®ã¹ã¯ã©
ãããåŸã ã«å°å ¥ããã¹ã¯ã©ãããå€æ°ãšé®æã
ããšãšãã«ã¹ã¯ã©ããäžã®é žåç©ã®äžéšã溶解ã
ããããã¿ããŠã ã¹ã¯ã©ããã«é¢ããŠïŒééïŒ ã®
å²åã§ããã¿ããŠã ã¹ã¯ã©ãããšCaF2ã®åæäŸ
絊ãç¶ããªãããæ¢è¿°ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã§èªå°åã移åã
ããã
åæã«ãèªå°åïŒïŒã«å¯Ÿãåšæ³¢æ°ïŒïŒïœHzãé»
å100kWã®é»æµãéãããåŸãããç£çã¯éå±
ã®æº¶èåã³æ··åãå¯èœãªãããããã®ã§ãã€ãã
éå±ã¯ãCaF2ã®èç®ã«ããå©å ã®å£é¢ããé¢å
ãããèªå°åãå©å åºéšããäžå®è·é¢ç§»åããŠã
ãã®äžéšä»è¿ã«è³ã€ããšãã移åãåæ¢ãããå©
å åºéšã®åºæ¿ïŒïŒãåãå€ãããå©å ã®äžéšãž
ã¯ããã¿ããŠã ã¹ã¯ã©ããåã³CaF2ãäŸçµŠãç¶
ããé転ãé£ç¶ããŠç¶è¡ãããçæããéå±ã€ã³
ãŽããã¯ãå³ç€ºããªãååºæ©ã«ããå ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§
å©å ã®åºéå£éšããæãåºãããéå±éšãå å²ã
ãCaF2ã®èç®ã¯æœ€æ»å€ãšããŠã®æ©èœã瀺ããæ
ãåºãå·¥çšãä¿é²ãããã
å100kWã®é»æµãéãããåŸãããç£çã¯éå±
ã®æº¶èåã³æ··åãå¯èœãªãããããã®ã§ãã€ãã
éå±ã¯ãCaF2ã®èç®ã«ããå©å ã®å£é¢ããé¢å
ãããèªå°åãå©å åºéšããäžå®è·é¢ç§»åããŠã
ãã®äžéšä»è¿ã«è³ã€ããšãã移åãåæ¢ãããå©
å åºéšã®åºæ¿ïŒïŒãåãå€ãããå©å ã®äžéšãž
ã¯ããã¿ããŠã ã¹ã¯ã©ããåã³CaF2ãäŸçµŠãç¶
ããé転ãé£ç¶ããŠç¶è¡ãããçæããéå±ã€ã³
ãŽããã¯ãå³ç€ºããªãååºæ©ã«ããå ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§
å©å ã®åºéå£éšããæãåºãããéå±éšãå å²ã
ãCaF2ã®èç®ã¯æœ€æ»å€ãšããŠã®æ©èœã瀺ããæ
ãåºãå·¥çšãä¿é²ãããã
æã
ããã¿ããŠã ã®äŸçµŠãåæ¢ããããã«ä»£ã
CaF2ãäŸçµŠãããèªé»åïŒïŒã«ããäŸçµŠããã
é«åšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµã«ãã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠã¯
CaF2ã¯æº¶èãããã®ç¶æ ã«ä¿ãããããããã
溶èããCaF2ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«è³ããšãé»ç£ççµ
åãäžæãããçµæãå·åŽãããŠãåºåããïŒèª
é»åïŒïŒãžã®äŸçµŠã¯ããã®åŸäžæå¯èœã§ããïŒã
CaF2ã®å€§éšåããã®ããã«ããŠåºåããŠäžè¿°ã
ããåºåå å¡«éšãã圢æããæããã¿ããŠã ã®äŸ
絊ãåéãããããããŠãCaF2ã«ããåæãã
ãããã€ãã®éå±ã€ã³ãŽãããåŸããããããã¯
å©å ã®åºå£ãã容æã«åãåºãããšãã§ããã
CaF2ãäŸçµŠãããèªé»åïŒïŒã«ããäŸçµŠããã
é«åšæ³¢æ°ã®é»æµã«ãã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠã¯
CaF2ã¯æº¶èãããã®ç¶æ ã«ä¿ãããããããã
溶èããCaF2ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«è³ããšãé»ç£ççµ
åãäžæãããçµæãå·åŽãããŠãåºåããïŒèª
é»åïŒïŒãžã®äŸçµŠã¯ããã®åŸäžæå¯èœã§ããïŒã
CaF2ã®å€§éšåããã®ããã«ããŠåºåããŠäžè¿°ã
ããåºåå å¡«éšãã圢æããæããã¿ããŠã ã®äŸ
絊ãåéãããããããŠãCaF2ã«ããåæãã
ãããã€ãã®éå±ã€ã³ãŽãããåŸããããããã¯
å©å ã®åºå£ãã容æã«åãåºãããšãã§ããã
第ïŒå³ã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ããé£ç¶åŠçæ³ãå®æœãã
ããã®è£ 眮ã®èª¬æç·å³ã§ãã€ãŠãèªå°çã®ïŒã€ã®
èªå°åã«å²ãŸããåºéšã®ãªãå·åŽå©å ã®ç«æé¢å³
ã瀺ãã第ïŒå³ã¯ãå©å å ã§çèµ·ããåºäœâåº
äœãåºäœâ液äœã®çžåé¢çŸè±¡ã®èª¬æå³ã§ããã第
ïŒå³ã¯ã被åŠçç©ãšèªå°åãšã®çžå¯Ÿç§»åãçºãã
ãã«ãèªå°åãå©å ã«å¯ŸããŠç§»åããããããã«
ããè£ çœ®ã®èª¬æç·å³ã§ããã ïŒâŠâŠå©å ãïŒïŒâŠâŠç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãïŒïŒâŠâŠç¬¬
ïŒãŸãŒã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâŠâŠèªå°åãïŒïŒâŠâŠåº
æ¿ã
ããã®è£ 眮ã®èª¬æç·å³ã§ãã€ãŠãèªå°çã®ïŒã€ã®
èªå°åã«å²ãŸããåºéšã®ãªãå·åŽå©å ã®ç«æé¢å³
ã瀺ãã第ïŒå³ã¯ãå©å å ã§çèµ·ããåºäœâåº
äœãåºäœâ液äœã®çžåé¢çŸè±¡ã®èª¬æå³ã§ããã第
ïŒå³ã¯ã被åŠçç©ãšèªå°åãšã®çžå¯Ÿç§»åãçºãã
ãã«ãèªå°åãå©å ã«å¯ŸããŠç§»åããããããã«
ããè£ çœ®ã®èª¬æç·å³ã§ããã ïŒâŠâŠå©å ãïŒïŒâŠâŠç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ãïŒïŒâŠâŠç¬¬
ïŒãŸãŒã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâŠâŠèªå°åãïŒïŒâŠâŠåº
æ¿ã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ èªå°çå éšã®é»ç£æ³¢ã«å¯Ÿãå®è³ªçã«éæãªå©
å äžã®è¢«åŠçç©ãéå±çžãšé±æ»ã«åé¢ããã«ãã
ãã被åŠçç©ã«å¯Ÿãã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠã被åŠ
çç©ãèªèµ·é»æµãšçŽæ¥çã«é»ç£ççµåãåŸããã
ãªå åé«ãé»ååã³åšæ³¢æ°ã®èªèµ·é»æµãå容ãã
ããŠãå«æããé±æ»ã溶èããã次ã«ã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã«ãããŠãèªèµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšãçŽæ¥çã«é»ç£ç
çµåãåŸãªããããªé»ååã³ïŒåã¯åšæ³¢æ°ã®èªèµ·
é»æµãå容ããããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããéå±çžãšé±
æ»ã®åé¢æ¹æ³ã ïŒ å©å å ã§è¢«åŠçç©ã該第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«
察ãçžå¯Ÿç§»åããããã®æ第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã®äžæµåŽã«äœçœ®ããããã«ãå°ãªããšãïŒã€ã®
èªå°åã®çžå¯Ÿäœçœ®ãå®ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±
è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããèªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ããé±
æ»ã®æž©åºŠäžã§ã該èªèµ·é»æµãšé±æ»ãšãçŽæ¥çã«é»
ç£ççµåãåŸãããã«å åé«ãããããšãç¹åŸŽãš
ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé åã¯ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããèªèµ·é»æµã®é»ååã³åšæ³¢
æ°ããéå±çžåã³é±æ»ã溶èç¶æ ã«ä¿æãããã
ããªå€ã«èª¿ç¯ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯
å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒé ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããèªèµ·é»æµã®é»ååã³ïŒå
ã¯åšæ³¢æ°ããé±æ»ã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãåºãåã«åŸã ã«
åºåãããããªå€ã«èª¿ç¯ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹
èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé åã¯ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ãã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã®é±æ»ããã®æž©åºŠäžã§è©²èªèµ·é»æµãšé»ç£ççµå
ãåŸãªããããªå€ã«æžå°ãããããšãç¹åŸŽãšãã
ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ãã第ïŒãŸãŒ
ã³ã®é±æ»ãããã®æž©åºŠã«ç¡é¢ä¿ã«ã該èªèµ·é»æµãš
é»ç£ççµåãåŸãªããããªå€ã«æžå°ãããããšã
ç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ è¢«åŠçç©äžã®é±æ»ã®éã10容éïŒ ä»¥äžã§ãã
ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒãªãã第ïŒé ã®ããããã®æ¹
æ³ã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªèµ·é»æµã®åšæ³¢æ°ããéå±çžã
æ±å¿åãåãããããªå€ãŸã§æžå°ãããŠãåºå以
åã«éžæçã«å éšãç¹ã«èªå°çã®è»žåãã«éåã«
éšåçãããã¯å®è³ªçã«å®å šã«æããŠéåããã
ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã
第ïŒé ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ 第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªèµ·é»æµã®é»ååã³ïŒåã¯åš
æ³¢æ°ããéå±çžã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãåºã以åã«åºåã
åŸããããªå€ã«èª¿ç¯ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ åºéšãéå£ãå®è³ªçã«åçŽã§äžã€éæ¢ãã
å©å ãšéæ¢ããèªå°åãçšãã被åŠçç©ãå©å å
ãæµäžãããããšã«ãã被åŠçç©ãèªå°åã«å¯Ÿã
çžå¯Ÿç§»åããããšãšãã«ãåé¢ããéå±çžåã³é±
æ»çžãåºéšããåãåºãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ 第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«ãããŠå®è³ªçã«æº¶èããéå±
çžåã³é±æ»ã圢æããããããªè¢«åŠçç©ãé£ç¶ç
ã«èªå°çäžéšã«äŸçµŠããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ 被åŠçç©äžã®é±æ»ã®å®¹éå²åãéå±çžã«æ¯
ã¹äœãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãª
ãã第ïŒé ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ é£ç¶æ¹åŒã§è¡ãéã«ãæç¶çã«å©å ãžã®äŸ
絊ç©ãé±æ»ã®ã¿ãäžãããã®ã«åæããŠãééã
眮ããŠçžç¶ãã§é±æ»ã®ã¿ãããªãéšåã圢æãã
ãåºåé·å°ºç©ãèªå°çäžéšããåãåºããšãšã
ã«ã該éšåã«ãããŠåæããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹
èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã®
æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ å©å ãžé£ç¶çã«å°å ¥ãããäŸçµŠç©ã®æç¶ç
å€åã«å¿ããŠã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãžã®
éé»ãå€åããã第ïŒãŸãŒã³ãžã®äŸçµŠç©ãé±æ»ã®
ã¿ãäžãããã®ã§ãããšãã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°å
ãäœåãããå®è³ªçã«éå±çžãäžãããã®ã§ãã
ãšãã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãäœåãããããã«ã
ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé åã¯
第ïŒïŒé ã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ å¥åã®èªå°åãå©å åãã®å ±éåã«é 眮
ãã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«å¯Ÿç«ããèªå°åã亀äº
ã«äœåããããã®å ±éåã«äŸçµŠããã被åŠçç©ã
é±æ»ãäžãããã®ã§ãããšãã«ã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èª
å°åãäœåããéå±çžåã³é±æ»ã®äž¡æ¹ãäžããã
ã®ã§ãããšãã«ã¯ç¬¬ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãäœåãã
ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé ãªã
ã第ïŒïŒé ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ 第ïŒãŸãŒã³ã®èªå°åãžäŸçµŠãããé»åãã
ããã§åŠçãããéå±çžã®å šäœã溶èããäžã€æº¶
èç¶æ ã«ç¶æãããã«å åãªå€ã«èª¿ç¯ããããšã
ç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒãªãã第ïŒïŒé
ã®ããããã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ åºéšãéããé·ãå©å ãçšãã第ïŒåã³ç¬¬
ïŒãŸãŒã³ã«å¯ŸããäŸçµŠç©ã®çžå¯Ÿç§»åã¯ãåºéšãã
é éšãžãšèªå°åãåŸã ã«äžã€è¢«åŠçç©ã®å©å ãžã®
äŸçµŠã«å¿ããŠç§»åãããããåã¯å©å å šäœãèªå°
åã«å¯ŸããŠç§»åããããããšã«ããè¡ãããšãç¹
城ãšããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ãªãã第ïŒïŒé ã®
ããããã®æ¹æ³ã
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8116783A FR2512066B1 (fr) | 1981-09-03 | 1981-09-03 | Procede de separation physique d'une phase metallique et de scories dans un four a induction |
FR8116783 | 1981-09-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS58130230A JPS58130230A (ja) | 1983-08-03 |
JPH0260727B2 true JPH0260727B2 (ja) | 1990-12-18 |
Family
ID=9261878
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP57153789A Granted JPS58130230A (ja) | 1981-09-03 | 1982-09-03 | èªå°çãçšããéå±çžåã³é±æ»ã®ç©ççåé¢æ¹æ³ |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4437885A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0074871B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS58130230A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE3274655D1 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2512066B1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2589228B1 (fr) * | 1985-10-25 | 1989-08-04 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif d'elaboration en continu de materiaux obtenus a partir de substances a l'etat fondu |
DE3910777C2 (de) * | 1989-04-04 | 2001-08-09 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Induktionsofen mit einem metallischen Tiegel |
JPH03110059A (ja) * | 1989-09-22 | 1991-05-10 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 溶èéå±ã®äžçŽç©é€å»æ¹æ³ãšãã®è£ 眮 |
FR2665249A1 (fr) * | 1990-07-26 | 1992-01-31 | Dauphine Ets Bonmartin Laminoi | Four de fusion par induction en creuset froid. |
JP2967092B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-20 | 1999-10-25 | ç§åŠæè¡åºéå±æææè¡ç 究æé· | æµ®äžæº¶è§£è£ 眮 |
CN101782324B (zh) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-09-28 | æ°æåå·¥å¶éææ(æ·±å³)æéå ¬åž | æ§å¶ééç¡Œ(碳)åéäžTiB2(TiC)é¢ç²å¢å¹³ååä¹çŽåŸççµç£æåºççŒçµç |
GB2586634B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-04-20 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Multizone crucible apparatus |
CN113264660B (zh) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-07-01 | äžåœååèœç§åŠç ç©¶é¢ | çšäºçèç»ççæ¹æ³åè£ çœ® |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2903759A (en) * | 1954-07-06 | 1959-09-15 | Helen E Brennan | Casting of refractory metals |
DE1024932B (de) * | 1954-09-27 | 1958-02-27 | Asea Ab | Elektrischer Reduktionsofen, insbesondere zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Silicium |
NL114078C (ja) * | 1957-03-07 | 1900-01-01 | ||
DE1153134B (de) * | 1961-03-22 | 1963-08-22 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Verfahren zum wahlweisen Betrieb eines Induktionstiegelofens als Schmelzofen oder Warmhalteofen |
DE1533904A1 (de) * | 1967-05-12 | 1970-07-23 | Demag Elektrometallurgie Gmbh | Elektrischer Induktionsofen |
US3544757A (en) * | 1967-05-15 | 1970-12-01 | Material Transformation Associ | Method of melting a levitated mass |
FR2317957A1 (fr) * | 1975-07-18 | 1977-02-11 | Anvar | Procede de separation de particules ou inclusions essentiellement non miscibles d'une masse en fusion |
-
1981
- 1981-09-03 FR FR8116783A patent/FR2512066B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-08-24 DE DE8282401572T patent/DE3274655D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-08-24 EP EP82401572A patent/EP0074871B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-08-31 US US06/413,457 patent/US4437885A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-09-03 JP JP57153789A patent/JPS58130230A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0074871A1 (fr) | 1983-03-23 |
DE3274655D1 (en) | 1987-01-22 |
FR2512066A1 (fr) | 1983-03-04 |
JPS58130230A (ja) | 1983-08-03 |
US4437885A (en) | 1984-03-20 |
FR2512066B1 (fr) | 1986-05-16 |
EP0074871B1 (fr) | 1986-12-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5160532A (en) | Direct processing of electroslag refined metal | |
US5348566A (en) | Method and apparatus for flow control in electroslag refining process | |
US3650311A (en) | Method for homogeneous refining and continuously casting metals and alloys | |
EP0907756B1 (en) | Processing of electroslag refined metal | |
EP1259348B1 (en) | Casting system and method for forming highly pure and fine grain metal castings | |
JPS63192543A (ja) | éå±ã®é£ç¶é³é è£ çœ®åã³è©²è£ 眮ã®æäœæ¹æ³ | |
US3752216A (en) | Apparatus for homogeneous refining and continuously casting metals and alloys | |
EP0260930B1 (en) | Method of alloying aluminium | |
JP3329013B2 (ja) | ïœâïœç³»ã¢ã«ãããŠã ã¹ã¯ã©ããã®é£ç¶ç²Ÿè£œæ¹æ³åã³è£ 眮 | |
JPH0260727B2 (ja) | ||
JP4762409B2 (ja) | æž æµãªéå±ããæ žçæé³é ããç©å | |
EP1263997B1 (en) | Casting systems and methods with auxiliary cooling onto a liquidus portion of a casting | |
JP2001293552A (ja) | é³é ç©ã«ç²æ«ãæ·»å ããæ žçæé³é ã·ã¹ãã ããã³æ¹æ³ | |
JP3949208B2 (ja) | é£ç¶é³é äœã補é ããããã®éå±ã®å溶解æ¹æ³ããã³ããã«çšããè£ çœ® | |
WO1997000978A1 (en) | Process for the manufacture of a high carbon cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy | |
US3669178A (en) | Direct reduction process and simultaneous continuous casting of metallic materials in a crucible to form rods | |
US6558446B1 (en) | In situ electroslag refining hot start | |
RU2338622C2 (ru) | СпПÑПб О ÑÑÑÑПйÑÑвП ЎОÑкПвПгП ЎПММПгП ÑлОва ÑОÑÑÐµÐŒÑ Ð²ÐŸÐ»ÐºÐŸÐ²Ð° | |
JP3249870B2 (ja) | åååºïŒ¡ïœåéã®é£ç¶é³é æ¹æ³ | |
RU2080206C1 (ru) | СпПÑПб пПлÑÑÐµÐœÐžÑ ÑлОÑкПв | |
Medovar et al. | ESR of hollow ingots: new approaches to a traditional problem | |
JP2003013153A (ja) | ãããžãŠã ææã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
Lee et al. | Microstructural effects of electromagnetic stirring strength and casting speed in continuous casting of al alloy | |
JPH0852534A (ja) | åååºéå±ã®é£ç¶é³é æ¹æ³ | |
RU2410195C1 (ru) | СпПÑПб ÑлекÑÑПÑлакПвПгП лОÑÑÑ ÑÑÑбМÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð³ÐŸÑПвПк |