JPH0258805A - Manufacture of zinc oxide varistor - Google Patents

Manufacture of zinc oxide varistor

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Publication number
JPH0258805A
JPH0258805A JP63210295A JP21029588A JPH0258805A JP H0258805 A JPH0258805 A JP H0258805A JP 63210295 A JP63210295 A JP 63210295A JP 21029588 A JP21029588 A JP 21029588A JP H0258805 A JPH0258805 A JP H0258805A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
zinc oxide
nickel
molded
sintered
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP63210295A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2687470B2 (en
Inventor
Masaaki Katsumata
雅昭 勝又
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP63210295A priority Critical patent/JP2687470B2/en
Publication of JPH0258805A publication Critical patent/JPH0258805A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2687470B2 publication Critical patent/JP2687470B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the voltage nonlinearity and voltage applying life characteristics of a zinc oxide varistor by sintering the molded or calcined body of a zinc oxide varistor element after applying nickel to the side faces of the molded or calcined body. CONSTITUTION:Nickel is applied in a rate of 0.1-50mg/cm<2> in NiO to the side faces of a molded body produced by compressing molding a material powder composed principally of zinc oxide with additives so added that a sintered product may give voltage nonlinearity. For example, the molded body 1 is dipped in a nickel paste prepared by mixing 300g of NiO into an organic binder composed of 10wt.% of ethyl cellulose, 20wt.% of n-butyl acetate, and 70wt.% of butyl carbitol. After sintering the molded body 1 thus produced in air and plasma spraying Al2O3 to the side faces of the sintered body, both end faces of the sintered body are polished and splaying electrodes 4 of aluminum are provided on the end faces. Since the nickel diffuses into the element body from the side faces, the voltage nonlinearity and voltage applying characteristic of the element can be improved.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は酸化亜鉛を主成分とし、焼結体自身が電圧非直
線性を有する酸化亜鉛形バリスタの製造方法に関するも
のである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a zinc oxide type varistor which contains zinc oxide as a main component and whose sintered body itself has voltage nonlinearity.

従来の技術 電圧非直線抵抗体は一般にバリスタと呼ばれ、電圧安定
化やサージ吸収用の素子として用いられている。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A voltage nonlinear resistor is generally called a varistor, and is used as an element for voltage stabilization and surge absorption.

中でも、酸化亜鉛を主成分としてこれに少量のビスマス
、コバルト、マンガン、アンチモン、クロムなどを添加
した酸化亜鉛形バリスタは、その大きなサージ電流耐量
と優れた電圧非直線性から近年ギャップレスアレスタと
して従来のシリコンカーバイトバリスタにとって代わり
広く利用されている。
Among these, zinc oxide type varistors, which are mainly composed of zinc oxide and to which small amounts of bismuth, cobalt, manganese, antimony, chromium, etc. are added, have recently been replaced by conventional gapless arresters due to their large surge current withstand capacity and excellent voltage nonlinearity. Widely used to replace silicon carbide varistors.

酸化亜鉛形バリスタをアレスタとして用いる場合、放電
耐量特性2課電寿命特性がきわめて重要な特性要素とな
る。ここで、放電耐量特性は4/10μsの衝撃電流を
6分間隔で同一方向に2回印加したピーク電流の限界値
である。また、課電寿命特性は酸化亜鉛形バリスタ素子
に定格電圧を印加して使用した場合に推定されるバリス
タ素子の寿命で、通常温度および課電率を上げる加速試
験が行われる。従来よシ、これらの特性の向上のため、
Bi□O,,5b205,5in2fxトカt)fkル
ペースト状側面剤を750’C以上の温度で仮焼した仮
焼体側面に塗布し、焼結体側面に高抵抗層を形成する方
法が一般に実施されていた。しかし、このような反応を
用いた製造方法の場合、側面剤と仮焼体の反応を均一に
行うことが難しく、その結果、放電耐量特性、外観など
に課題があった。さらに、仮焼工程が必要なため、時間
的、エネルギー的ロスが大きいという課題も同時に有し
ていた。近年、非反応系で焼結体側面に高抵抗層を形成
するため、焼結体にム1205  などの微粉末をプラ
ズマ溶射によシ溶着させたシ、ポリイミドなどの樹脂や
結晶化ガラスなどをコーティングする試みがなされてい
る。
When a zinc oxide type varistor is used as an arrester, discharge withstand characteristics 2 and charging life characteristics are extremely important characteristic elements. Here, the discharge withstand characteristic is the limit value of the peak current when an impact current of 4/10 μs is applied twice in the same direction at an interval of 6 minutes. Furthermore, the electrification life characteristic is the life of the varistor element estimated when the rated voltage is applied to the zinc oxide varistor element, and an accelerated test is normally performed at elevated temperature and energization rate. Conventionally, in order to improve these characteristics,
Bi□O,,5b205,5in2fxt)fk A paste-like side surface agent is applied to the side surface of a calcined body calcined at a temperature of 750'C or higher to form a high-resistance layer on the side surface of the sintered body. It had been. However, in the case of a manufacturing method using such a reaction, it is difficult to uniformly react the side surface agent and the calcined body, and as a result, there are problems with discharge durability characteristics, appearance, etc. Furthermore, since a calcination step is required, there is also the problem that there is a large loss of time and energy. In recent years, in order to form a high-resistance layer on the side surface of a sintered body using a non-reactive system, fine powder such as Mu1205 is deposited on the sintered body by plasma spraying, resin such as polyimide, crystallized glass, etc. Attempts have been made to coat it.

発明が解決しようとする課題 しかしながら、以上のように焼結体側面に高抵抗層を非
反応系で形成した場合、電圧非直線性が低く、課電寿命
特性が悪いという課題を有していた。
Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when a high-resistance layer is formed on the side surface of a sintered body using a non-reactive system as described above, there are problems in that voltage nonlinearity is low and energized life characteristics are poor. .

課題を解決するだめの手段 本発明では上記従来の課題を解決するため、成形体ある
いは仮焼体の側面にニッケルをNiOの形に換算して0
.1〜tsotsf/crA塗布し、焼結することを特
徴としている。
Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, nickel is added to the side surface of the molded body or calcined body in the form of NiO.
.. 1 to tsotsf/crA is coated and sintered.

作用 本発明の酸化亜鉛形バリスタの製造方法によれば、素子
側面からニッケルが拡散するため、電圧非直線性が向上
し、課電寿命特性の優れた酸化亜鉛形バリスタを得るこ
とができる。
Effect: According to the method for manufacturing a zinc oxide varistor of the present invention, nickel diffuses from the side surface of the element, so that voltage nonlinearity is improved and a zinc oxide varistor with excellent energized life characteristics can be obtained.

実施例 以下、本発明の製造方法およびそれによシ得られた酸化
亜鉛形バリスタについて実施例に基づき詳細に説明する
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the present invention and the zinc oxide type varistor obtained thereby will be explained in detail based on examples.

まず、酸化亜鉛の粉末に合計量に対して酸化ビスマス0
.5モル%、酸化アンチモン1.0モル%。
First, add 0 bismuth oxide to the total amount of zinc oxide powder.
.. 5 mol%, antimony oxide 1.0 mol%.

酸化コバルト0.6モル%、酸化マンガン0.5モル%
、酸化クロム0.6モル%、酸化ケイ素0.6モル%、
酸化ニッケル0.6モル%を添加し、水とバインダーを
加え、ボールミルにて充分に混合し、乾燥・造粒した原
料粉を直径40 rpm 、厚さ30ttmの大きさに
圧縮成形し、成形体を得た。そして、ニッケルペースト
ハエチルセルロース10重量%。
Cobalt oxide 0.6 mol%, manganese oxide 0.5 mol%
, chromium oxide 0.6 mol%, silicon oxide 0.6 mol%,
Add 0.6 mol% of nickel oxide, add water and a binder, thoroughly mix in a ball mill, dry and granulate the raw material powder, which is compression molded to a size of 40 rpm in diameter and 30 ttm in thickness to form a molded product. I got it. and nickel paste fly ethylcellulose 10% by weight.

酢酸nブチル2o重量%、ブチルカルピトール70重量
%からなる有機バインダー1000gにNiOを300
9混合して作成した。このニアケルペーストに上記成形
体をデイツプすることにより、所定量塗布した。ここで
、塗布重量のコントロールは、ニッケルペーストに酢酸
nブチルを添加し粘度を調整した。また、塗布量はニッ
ケルペーストを塗布、乾燥後、重量差を測定し、単位面
積当シのNiO塗布量に換算した。このようにして得た
成形体を空気中にて1200’Cで焼結させ、焼結体を
得た。次いで、この焼結体を460℃〜700℃の温度
範囲で熱処理し、側面にム12o5をプラズマ溶射した
後、両端面を研磨しアルミニウムの溶射電極を設は試料
とした。
300 g of NiO was added to 1000 g of an organic binder consisting of 20% by weight of n-butyl acetate and 70% by weight of butyl carpitol.
9 were mixed. A predetermined amount of the molded article was applied by dipping it into this Niacel paste. Here, the coating weight was controlled by adding n-butyl acetate to the nickel paste to adjust the viscosity. Further, the amount of coating was determined by applying the nickel paste, measuring the weight difference after drying, and converting it into the amount of NiO applied per unit area. The molded body thus obtained was sintered at 1200'C in air to obtain a sintered body. Next, this sintered body was heat-treated in a temperature range of 460° C. to 700° C., and after plasma spraying Mu 12O5 on the side surfaces, both end surfaces were polished and a sprayed aluminum electrode was installed to prepare a sample.

第」図はこのようにして得られた酸化亜鉛形バリスタの
断面図であり、1は酸化亜鉛を主成分とする焼結体、2
はニッケルの拡散層、3は人1205プラズマ溶射によ
る側面高抵抗層、4はアルミニウムの溶射電極である。
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the zinc oxide type varistor obtained in this way, in which 1 is a sintered body mainly composed of zinc oxide, 2
3 is a nickel diffusion layer, 3 is a lateral high resistance layer formed by plasma spraying, and 4 is an aluminum sprayed electrode.

第2図に本発明の製造方法による酸化亜鉛形バリスタの
v+mA/m(単位厚み当シのバリスタ電圧)および電
圧非直線性(v4.n人/V、。uA)を示す。
FIG. 2 shows v+mA/m (varistor voltage per unit thickness) and voltage nonlinearity (v4.n/V, uA) of a zinc oxide type varistor produced by the manufacturing method of the present invention.

ここで、試料数は各10個である。第2図に示すように
 V、TnA/Wはニッケルペーストを塗布してもほと
んど変化しないのに対し、電圧非直線性は単位表面積当
り0.1〜60〜/ adのニッケルを塗布し、焼結し
た場合、著しく向上していることがわかる。次に、この
試料の課電寿命特性について評価した。この結果を第3
図に示す。ここで、試験条件は周囲温度130℃2課電
率96%(AC。
Here, the number of samples is 10 each. As shown in Fig. 2, V and TnA/W hardly change even if nickel paste is applied, whereas the voltage nonlinearity changes by applying nickel of 0.1 to 60/ad per unit surface area and baking. It can be seen that there is a significant improvement in the results. Next, the charging life characteristics of this sample were evaluated. This result is the third
As shown in the figure. Here, the test conditions were: ambient temperature: 130°C; power application rate: 96% (AC).

ピーク値)で行い、漏れ電流が2.6m人に至るまでの
時間を測定した。第3図よシ、NiO塗布量が0.1〜
soMg/cnlの範囲で課電寿命特性が向上している
ことがわかる。第4図に螢光X線分析装置にてニッケル
ペーストを10η/ad塗布した試料および無処理の試
料について、焼結体表面から中心方向にかけてのN1の
濃度分布を測定した結果を示す。この結果から、本発明
において電圧非直線性および課電寿命特性が向上した原
因は、ニッケルを素子周辺部から拡散したためであると
考えられる。
peak value), and the time required for the leakage current to reach 2.6 m was measured. As shown in Figure 3, the amount of NiO applied is 0.1~
It can be seen that the charging life characteristics are improved in the soMg/cnl range. FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring the concentration distribution of N1 from the surface of the sintered body toward the center of the sample coated with 10 η/ad of nickel paste and the untreated sample using a fluorescent X-ray analyzer. From this result, it is considered that the reason why the voltage nonlinearity and the charged life characteristics were improved in the present invention is that nickel was diffused from the periphery of the element.

なお、本実施例においては成形体にニッケルを塗布した
場合についてのみ記載したが、成形体を適当な温度範囲
(760℃〜11oO℃)で仮焼し、その仮焼体にニッ
ケルを塗布した場合についても全く同様の効果が得られ
ることを確認した。
In this example, only the case where nickel was applied to the molded body was described, but the case where the molded body was calcined at an appropriate temperature range (760°C to 11oO°C) and nickel was applied to the calcined body It was confirmed that exactly the same effect could be obtained.

また、ニッケルは有機バインダーとともにペースト状態
でデイツプ法によシ塗布を行ったが、素子側面に所定量
塗布が可能な他の方法、例えばへケ塗り、ローラー転写
、印刷、スプレーなどいずれの方法であっても本発明の
効果に変わりはない。
In addition, nickel was applied in a paste state together with an organic binder by the dip method, but other methods that allow application of a predetermined amount to the side surface of the element, such as brushing, roller transfer, printing, and spraying, could also be used. Even if there is, there is no change in the effect of the present invention.

発明の効果 以上のように本発明によれば、酸化亜鉛形バリスタ素子
の成形体あるいは仮焼体の側面にニッケルを塗布した後
焼結させることにより、電圧非直線性および課電寿命特
性の優れた酸化亜鉛形バリスタを製造することができる
Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, by applying nickel to the side surface of a molded body or calcined body of a zinc oxide type varistor element and then sintering it, excellent voltage nonlinearity and energized life characteristics can be achieved. It is possible to manufacture zinc oxide type varistors.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の製造方法によシ得られた酸化亜鉛形バ
リスタの断面図、第2図は本発明の製造方法による酸化
亜鉛形バリスタのv、lnム/簡および電圧非直線性の
特性を示す図、第3図は同じく課電寿命特性を示す図、
第4図は本発明の実施例および従来例による酸化亜鉛形
バリスタの焼結体表面からのNiの濃度分布を示す図で
ある。 1・・・・・・焼結体、2・・・・・・拡散層、3・・
・・・・側面高抵抗層、4・・・・・・電極。 代理人の氏名 弁理士 粟 野 重 孝 ほか1名第1
図 1−m−硯 を台43に ?・−担牧層 3−一−イJ1  面 16才氏コブ乙層4−−−覧石
に 第3図 Nt OtJ t (”Q/cmz) 2 図 第4図 Nio t’F量(−P/ctr=z )Z     
  4      4 →表元からのff1itl!(=*→
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a zinc oxide varistor obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the zinc oxide varistor obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the characteristics, and Figure 3 is also a diagram showing the charging life characteristics.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the concentration distribution of Ni from the surface of a sintered body of a zinc oxide type varistor according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional example. 1... Sintered body, 2... Diffusion layer, 3...
... Side high resistance layer, 4... Electrode. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano and 1 other person 1st
Figure 1-M-Inkstone on stand 43?・-Passion layer 3-1-I J1 side 16 years old Kobu Otsu layer 4---See the stone in Figure 3 Nt OtJ t (''Q/cmz) 2 Figure 4 Figure 4 Nio t'F amount (-P /ctr=z )Z
4 4 → ff1itl from the table source! (=*→

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)酸化亜鉛を主成分とし、焼結体自身が電圧非直線
性を示すよう添加物を加えた原料粉を圧縮成形し、得ら
れた成形体の側面にニッケルをNiOの形に換算して0
.1〜50mg/cm^3塗布した後、焼結したことを
特徴とする酸化亜鉛形バリスタの製造方法。
(1) Raw material powder containing zinc oxide as the main component and additives added so that the sintered body itself exhibits voltage non-linearity is compression molded, and nickel is placed on the side of the resulting molded body in the form of NiO. te0
.. A method for producing a zinc oxide type varistor, characterized in that the zinc oxide type varistor is sintered after being applied at a concentration of 1 to 50 mg/cm^3.
(2)酸化亜鉛を主成分とし、焼結体自身が電圧非直線
性を示すよう添加物を加えた原料粉を圧縮成形し、得ら
れた成形体を仮焼し、この仮焼体の側面にニッケルをN
iOの形に換算して0.1〜50mg/cm^3塗布し
た後、焼結したことを特徴とする酸化亜鉛形バリスタの
製造方法。
(2) Compression molding of raw material powder containing zinc oxide as the main component and additives added so that the sintered body itself exhibits voltage nonlinearity, calcining the obtained molded body, and side surfaces of this calcined body nickel to N
A method for manufacturing a zinc oxide type varistor, characterized in that after applying 0.1 to 50 mg/cm^3 in iO form, the zinc oxide type varistor is sintered.
JP63210295A 1988-08-24 1988-08-24 Manufacturing method of zinc oxide type varistor Expired - Fee Related JP2687470B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63210295A JP2687470B2 (en) 1988-08-24 1988-08-24 Manufacturing method of zinc oxide type varistor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63210295A JP2687470B2 (en) 1988-08-24 1988-08-24 Manufacturing method of zinc oxide type varistor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0258805A true JPH0258805A (en) 1990-02-28
JP2687470B2 JP2687470B2 (en) 1997-12-08

Family

ID=16587033

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63210295A Expired - Fee Related JP2687470B2 (en) 1988-08-24 1988-08-24 Manufacturing method of zinc oxide type varistor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2687470B2 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50124192A (en) * 1974-03-20 1975-09-30
JPS63114104A (en) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-19 株式会社東芝 Manufacture of nonlinear resistor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50124192A (en) * 1974-03-20 1975-09-30
JPS63114104A (en) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-19 株式会社東芝 Manufacture of nonlinear resistor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2687470B2 (en) 1997-12-08

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