JPH0255054A - Machining method of planting groove for artificial fang - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily plant an artificial fang by molding an implant, mounting and fixing the obtained mold on an alveolus bone, and machining and forming two parallel grooves along an alveolus top using this mold as a guide. CONSTITUTION:Many holes 7a for regenerating a bone are formed on the side face of an implant planting section 7 formed with two flat plates in parallel face to face bridge-connected with thin plates in a U-shaped cross section, windows 7b to be bulged with an alveolus bone are formed on the bridge connection face. A head section 8 serving as the base of an artificial crown is formed into a straight shape such as a column or a taper shape such as a pyramid and connected to the upper face of the planting section 7 at a top section 9. When an artificial fang is to be planted, an implant is molded, the obtained mold 30 is mounted and fixed on the alveolus bone 32, two parallel grooves are machined and formed along an alveolus top using the mold 30 as a guide. The parallel grooves are concurrently machined with parallel double disk plates 18 and 19.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a denture base implanted in the endosteum of the oral cavity, a method for machining an implant groove for an intraosseous implant, and a machining tool.

[Prior art]

In recent years, oral implant self-defense, which permanently attaches artificial teeth to replace teeth, has become popular, and practical implant structures used for this purpose, namely implants, have been devised and improved. Fig. 1 shows a conventional example, which includes a flat implant part 1 that is implanted in the alveolar bone, a neck part 2 that stands up from the implant part, and an artificial prosthesis that is exposed in the oral cavity following the neck part. It is a single metal structure consisting of a head 3 that serves as an abutment for the teeth. A large number of holes 1a having a diameter of about 1 to 3 mm are formed in the flat plate 1 to enhance bone retention.

FIG. 2 shows the implant shown in FIG. 1 after the implantation procedure 1 has been performed, in which the flat part 1 is deeply embedded in the jawbone 5. Reference numeral 4 denotes an artificial tooth, which is fixed to the implanted head 3 by adhesive bonding with cement.

In the figure, reference numeral 6 denotes the mandibular canal, which is composed of nerves and blood vessels, and extends longitudinally below the alveolar bone.

Conventionally, in an implant as shown in FIG. 1, the depth D of the implanted portion 1 is usually formed to have a dimension length of 8 to 12 mm. In this type of implant technique, the implant is designed to be implanted into the bone to a certain depth, that is, from the alveolar crest through which the mucosal tissue is incised. can be inserted deeply into the bone. The alveolar bone 5 is hard at a depth of about 2 mm and soft below, through which the nerves and alveolar canals extend, and various anatomical structures and natural tooth structures adjacent to the implant site. The implant can cause significant damage to the implants, and requires great skill and dexterity to carefully determine the exact location and avoid these structures. It is difficult to adjust the insertion depth, and even if it does not cause any damage to other structures, overfilling cannot be easily corrected, and if it is withdrawn, it will become loosely implanted and its retention will be impaired. There are disadvantages such as being

As described above, conventional implants are inferior in terms of safety, and also tend to loosen or move in terms of retention, resulting in poor stability.

In order to improve these drawbacks, we improved the structure of the implant and created a shape in which the implant part is bridge-connected in a mouth shape or a U shape, with two flat plates (blades) facing each other in parallel from the base to the tip. and the length in the implantation depth direction to the tip of the blade is at most 6IllI.
ll or less, process two parallel grooves corresponding to the two blades of the implantation part of the alveolar bone along the alveolar crest, and insert the tips of the two blades into the processed grooves. However, the present inventors have proposed an implant in which the blade is pushed in until the base comes into contact with the alveolar crest.

According to this implant, the length of the implanted part to the tip of the blade is designed to be 6IllI11 or less, and the bridge connection part is firmly locked and held by the alveolar crest. It can be implanted easily, safely and accurately without compressing or damaging the alveolar canal, and is firmly fixed and supported within the bone by the two blades and the mouth-shaped base, increasing lateral stability and retention. It can also be implanted at a significantly higher height.

(Problem) However, in the implant implant surgery, two parallel grooves must be formed in the alveolar bone along the alveolar crest, corresponding to the two blades of the implanted portion. It is extremely difficult to process and form the grooves of a book in parallel without bending.

If these parallel grooves cannot be formed, even the above-mentioned characteristic implant cannot be stably implanted and retained, and there is a drawback that specific effects cannot be expected.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the present invention aims to connect the implanted part of the implant, which connects the head, which is the abutment of the artificial tooth exposed in the oral cavity, through the neck. When implanting an artificial tooth root having a shape in which the flat plates face each other in parallel, a mold is made of the implant, the resulting mold is placed and fixed on the alveolar bone, and two parallel grooves are inserted into the alveolar crest using the mold as a guide. A method for processing an implantation groove for an artificial tooth root, which is characterized by processing and forming an implantation groove for an artificial tooth root, and a base in which an implantation part of an implant is bridged to connect the head, which serves as an abutment for an artificial tooth exposed in the oral cavity, through the neck. When implanting an artificial tooth root having a shape in which two flat plates face each other in parallel at the tip, two parallel grooves corresponding to the two flat plates at the implantation part of the implant are formed in the alveolar bone along the alveolar crest. An artificial tooth root implantation groove formed by processing and forming, characterized in that disc plates are attached to two shafts, inner and outer concentric shafts or opposing concentric shafts, which rotate at high speed in opposite directions, respectively, so that the facing interval can be adjusted. processing tools,
This is what we propose.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment of the drawings.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the artificial tooth root to be implanted according to the present invention, in which two flat plate blades 7 are bridge-connected in a U-shape, and the cross section of the thin plate (Fig. 4) is parallel to each other. In the implant implantation part formed to be symmetrical, a large number of holes 7a are formed on the side surface for bone regeneration to increase the bone retention force, and a bulge 17b of alveolar bone is formed on the bridge connection surface. ,
Reference numeral 8 denotes a head which serves as an abutment for the artificial tooth crown, and is formed into a straight shape such as a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, or a prism, or an umbrella shape such as a cone or a pyramid, or a tapered shape. It is connected. Thickness t of the blade forming the implanted part 7
The trowel-shaped base has a moon shape of about 0.1 to 0.5n+m, the depth H of the trowel-shaped base is about 1 to 5cm, the width is about 10 to 30III11 depending on the number of heads, etc., and the depth D in the implantation direction is as above. The dimensions are designed to be 3 to 6 mm+.

There are some differences depending on the position of the jawbone where the implant is inserted, but in general there is hard bone up to a depth of about 21 cm from the alveolar crest, and below that there is a soft part, and the mandibular canal is made up of nerves, blood vessels, etc. Up to 6~II at the shortest
Therefore, safe implantation can be achieved by setting D to be at most 61Il or less, and by designing it to be at least 3Ill or more, a depth of 2I can be achieved.
This is because the blade can be embedded and held in a hard part of about 111 mm, and stable holding performance can be expected.

Note that the cross section of the bridge joint shown in FIG. 3 (FIG. 4) may be formed in a U-shape with a radius, and both left and right ends of the bridge joint are cut off to open the window 1b. You can do it like this.

As the material, alloys with high corrosion resistance such as Ti, TiPd, and TiRu alloys are used. Improved corrosion resistance of the material allows for practical use with thin blades.

This type of T1 alloy material is die-cast or injection processed using a mold, and if necessary, further drilling and drilling are performed.
Perform precision finishing. In addition, if sheet metal is pressed, please refer to Fig. 5A.
As shown in the figure, a hole 7a is made in a rolled and forged Tt gold alloy thin plate 1 by laser machining, wire cut electric discharge machining, drilling, etc., a window 7b is machined, and a head 8 is welded. The dotted line portion 71 is bent and pressed into an opening shape. Among these, the use of laser processing is especially advantageous for drilling, cutting, welding, etc., because precision processing can be performed, and processing and molding can be performed cleanly without contamination caused by adhesion of impurities.

No. 588 is an example in which a downward rectangular cut 7C is formed in the blade.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a double-head implant in which a plurality of heads 8 are formed in the implantation part 7 of FIGS. 3 and 4.
The figure is a top view.

FIG. 8 shows an irregularly shaped implant in which the implantation part 7 is curved in accordance with the shape of the m-tubular bone portion to be implanted, and FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a double head having two heads 8.

Figure 10 shows that the alveolar bone can be bent to fit the shape of the implanted alveolar bone.
Figure A shows an example of an implant that has been improved in shape to further improve bone attachment. Figure A shows slits 10a formed alternately from above and below in the blade of the implantation part 7, and the slits 10a allow the blade to be bent vertically relative to the plane of the paper. Fig. 8 shows a slit 10b leading to a hole drilled in the blade surface, Fig. 0 shows a hole cut downward to form a slit 10c, and Fig. D shows a tapered cut 1 from the top and bottom of the blade.
0d is formed, Figure E is a double head with two heads 8 provided on the implantation part 7 of Figure A, Figure 1 is a blade with a downward rectangular notch 10b formed, and Figure G.
The figure shows an example in which a two-stage rectangular cut 10 g is formed downward in the blade. All of them are bendable and deformable, and can be implanted at any location on the front teeth, lower teeth, and upper teeth, and by fixing them in an elastically deformed state, they fit into the alveolar bone and increase bone attachment.

Note that by forming a slit in the upper surface to which the head 8 is fixed, it can also be bent in the vertical direction.

Figure 11 shows an implant gB7 blade in which a thin slit 11a is formed parallel to the thickness direction so that it can be elastically press-fitted and fixed in a groove formed in the alveolar bone. It is. The width of the slit is approximately X relative to the thickness of the blade.

FIG. 12 is a side view of an embodiment of a tool for drilling holes in the implant blade, which is rotated by a motor 13 in which a required number of drills 12 are arranged at mutual positions and intervals;
FIG. 13 shows a system in which the support rollers of multiple drills 12 are rotated simultaneously using a connecting gear 14, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment in which two support rollers are rotated with a connecting pulley 15; In either case, a plurality of holes can be simultaneously formed on the die-cast or sheet metal-processed blade surface.

Although not shown, holes can be simultaneously drilled by electric discharge machining using a plurality of arranged electrodes.

In the implantation surgery into the alveolar bone of the human body, two parallel grooves are formed in the alveolar bone in order to embed the two parallel blades of the implantation part 7 of the implant, and this bone is implanted. For grooving, in order to create parallel grooves, it is preferable to use a parallel double disc plate to process the grooves at a time of 2 water volumes.Also, the tool is moved along the guide, and the mold is fixed to the bone using a master mold. A method of processing the material in the same state is used.

Embodiments of the processing tool of the present invention will be described below.
The figure shows a processing tool using double disc plates, 16 and 17.
are inner and outer concentric rotating shafts, each with a disk plate 18 and 19 at the tip.
are fixed, and their rotations are controlled by motors 20 and 21 so that they rotate in opposite directions. Rotation control of both shafts 16 and 17 is 1000
It rotates at a speed of 0 to 23,000 rpil, and the bearing 22 between the shafts has a groove width of 100 to 500 as shown in Fig. 16.
It is effective to use a dynamic pressure group bearing in which liquid grooves 22a having a depth of about 5 to 10 μl are formed by laser, electrical discharge machining, etching, or the like.

23 is a supply port for supplying water to the processed parts of the disc plates 18 and 19 through the biaxial gap, and the two disc plates 18 and 19
The spacing G of the implant is installed so that it can be adjusted in accordance with the width of the two blades of the implant.

According to this, two disk plates rotating at high speed 18°19
By moving the disks along the alveolar crest, two grooves for implant implantation are simultaneously formed in the alveolar bone, but by rotating the disk plates 18 and 19 in opposite directions, the stress is canceled out and the grooves bend. This makes it possible to always machine parallel, high-precision grooves. Furthermore, if the material is guided and processed, the linearity can be further improved.

FIG. 17 shows an example in which disk plates 18 and 19 are fixed in parallel to the opposing concentric rotating shafts of motors 20 and 21, and FIG. 18 shows an example in which a reversing gear 24 is provided on the rotating shaft of a single motor 20, and two Example of fixing two disk plates 18 and 19, the first
Fig. 9 shows an example in which a parallel driven wheel 26 is attached to the rotating shaft 25 of the motor 20, and two disk plates 18 and 19 are rotated in reverse via a gear 27, and Fig. 20 shows an example in which two motors 20, This is an embodiment in which parallel shafts rotated by 21 are provided, and one rotating shaft 26 is provided with a bobbin 28 to rotate the disk plate 19.

Figure 21 shows examples of rotating disk plates, where Figure A is a sintered plate made of diamond, CBN, etc., Figure 8 is a disc made of stainless steel, etc., with diamonds etc. embedded radially with a resin or metal binder; The figure shows a disk with a bond such as diamond applied to the circumference, D shows a stainless steel or other high-hardness disk with blades formed around it, and E shows a disk with many holes drilled on the side. In Figure E, a slit is formed from the hole to the circumferential surface. The cross-sectional shape is a flat plate as shown in Figure 22A, 8
A sharp plate as shown in the figure is used. The thickness of any disk plate is 0.2 to 0.5 m1I11 depending on the groove width and depth to be processed.
Diameter 5. The one formed to about 101 Ill is used.

FIG. 23 shows an example of machining a groove for implanting an implant in a bone using a mold, which will be explained with reference to process diagrams. A
Container 2 made of stainless steel, Ni alloy, synthetic resin, etc. as shown in the figure.
9, the mold-making synthetic resin, ceramics, wax, etc. 30 are injected as shown in FIG. Thermosetting resins, photocuring resins, etc. are used as synthetic resins, and glass grains, glass particles, etc. are used to increase the strength.
Mix mt4 etc. Insert the implant 7 into the injected synthetic resin, ceramics, wax, etc.
Cures by applying light and heat. When the implant 7 is pulled out from the resin in Figure 0 and the cured resin 30 is pulled out from the container, a mold 7' of the implanted part 7 of the implant is obtained in the resin.

Next, in Figure D, the mucous membrane 31 of the gums to be implanted is incised along the alveolar crest using a scalpel to expose the required amount of bone 32. Fix the mold obtained in Figure 0 to the exposed bone as shown in Figure E. In Figure F, a narrow groove for implantation is machined into the alveolar bone using the rotary tool 33 or the disk plate described above and using the slit 7' formed in the resin mold 30 as a guide.

Since this groove machining is performed using a mold as a guide, two parallel grooves can be easily formed with high precision without bending.

Figure G is a cross-sectional view of the implant 7 implanted in the groove of the processed bone 32, in which the parallel trowel-shaped blade tips penetrate the hard part 32a of the bone and are implanted in the soft part 32b. , the depth D of the implanted portion 7 is designed to be 6+u or less,
The U-shaped base is firmly held by the surface top of the bone, allowing safe implant surgery. The incised tissue is closed using sutures along the implant, and the sutures are removed after bonding. The head 8 of the implant thus implanted and held is exposed in the oral cavity and extends upward, and the denture is bonded to a position covering it.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the implant implantation part is formed into a shape in which two flat plates (blades) are opposed in substantially parallel from the bridge-connected base to the tip, and the implantation depth reaches the tip of the blade. This involves implanting an artificial tooth root whose length in the longitudinal direction is at most 61 mm or less, and for this implantation, two parallel grooves corresponding to the two blades of the implant part are formed in the alveolar bone. Two grooves are formed at the same time using a tool with two discs that rotate at high speed in opposite directions to process along the alveolar crest.
Parallel grooves having a predetermined interval can be easily formed without bending each other with high precision, and the two blades of the implant can be implanted easily, stably, and easily.

In addition, by making grooves in the alveolar bone using a mold of the implant, two
The blade insertion grooves can be formed in parallel with high precision, making it possible to easily and stably implant the blade.

Insert the tips of the two blades into the machined grooves and push until the bridge portion of the blade comes into contact with the alveolar crest. At this time, the bridge part stops when it hits the alveolar crest, so it can be easily inserted without adjusting the implantation depth.
At this time, the blade tip should have a length of 6I so that it does not touch the mandibular canal, etc.
Since the blade tip is less than 100 mm, it is possible to prevent the tip of the blade from being pushed deep into the groove as in the past, and it is possible to perform implantation surgery extremely safely and accurately without damaging the mandibular canal due to overfilling. can. In addition, the implanted blade has two blades facing each other in parallel to each other, and when these are inserted and press-fitted into the two grooves cut into the alveolar bone, the bridge portion at the base of the blade slides and is fixed to the alveolar crest. The three-sided support of the blade and base improves lateral stability and provides a firm seating with high retention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a conventional implant, Figure 2 is a side view of the implant, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the implant to be implanted in the present invention, Figure 4 is a sectional view thereof, and Figure 5. A
and B are explanatory diagrams for processing the implant, Figures 6 to 11.
FIG. 12 is a front view of another implant, FIGS. 12 to 14 are illustrations of an embodiment of an implant processing tool, FIG. 15 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an alveolar bone processing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Figure 16 is an enlarged view of a part of the tool, Figures 17 to 20 are structural diagrams of other working tools, Figures 21 A to F are front views of the disk plate, and Figures 22 A and B are its views. Side view, 2nd
FIG. 3 is a process explanatory diagram of an alveolar bone processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7...... Implanted part 8... Head 9... Neck 7a... ...... Hole 7b ... Window IC ...... Cut H ...... Depth D: Depth: Width: 16, 17: Rotating shaft: 18, 19: Disk Plate 20.21...Motor 30...Resin mold 32...Alveolar bone

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The implanted part of the implant, which connects the head that serves as the abutment for the artificial tooth exposed in the oral cavity through the neck, is shaped so that two flat plates face each other in parallel from the bridge-connected base to the tip. When implanting an artificial tooth root, the implant is molded, the mold obtained is placed and fixed on the alveolar bone, and two parallel grooves are formed along the alveolar crest using the mold as a guide. A method for creating grooves for implantation of artificial tooth roots. (2) The implanted part of the implant, which connects the head that serves as the abutment for the artificial tooth exposed in the oral cavity through the neck, is shaped so that two flat plates face each other in parallel from the bridge-connected base to the tip. When implanting an artificial tooth root, two parallel grooves are formed in the alveolar bone along the alveolar crest, corresponding to the two flat plates of the implant site, by rotating at high speed in opposite directions. A tool for machining grooves for implantation of artificial tooth roots, characterized in that a disc plate is attached to two axes, an inner and outer concentric shaft or an opposing concentric shaft, so that the facing interval can be adjusted.