JPH0252643A - Artificial fang - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To safely and stably implant an artificial tooth by making an implanting part into a shape in which two flat plates are faced approximately in parallel from a base part to be bridge-coupled to a head and forming a length in an implanting depth direction at a specific value. CONSTITUTION:An implanting part 7 is made into the shape in which two flat plates (blade) are faced approximately in parallel from the base part, in which sections are bridge-coupled, to the head, and a length D in the implanting depth direction up to the head of the said blade is formed in the degree of 3mm, equal to or below 6mm at largest. When the blade head is inserted into a groove work-formed to an alveole bone, since an inserting depth is restricted, the damage of a lower jaw tract due to an overburying is not generated, and a safe and correct implanting operation can be executed. The implanting part blade is in the shape in which two sheets are faced approximately in parallel, the correct depth of the insertion is secured, besides, a holdability and a stability in a lateral direction are increased, and a firm seating fitting can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a denture base and an artificial tooth root (implant) implanted in the endosteum of the oral cavity.

[Prior art]

In recent years, oral implant dentistry, in which artificial teeth are permanently attached to replace teeth, has been used, and improvements have been made to practical implant structures, ie, implants. Fig. 1 shows a conventional example, which includes a flat implant part 1 that is implanted in the alveolar bone, a neck part 2 that stands up from the implant part, and an artificial prosthesis that is exposed in the oral cavity following the neck part. It is a single metal structure consisting of a head 3 that serves as an abutment for the teeth. A large number of holes 1a each having a diameter of about 1 to 3 mm are formed in the flat plate 1 to enhance bone retention.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the dental implant shown in FIG. 1 has been implanted, and the flat part 1 is deeply embedded in the jawbone 5. Reference numeral 4 denotes an artificial tooth, which is fixed to the implanted head 3 by adhesive bonding with cement.

In the figure, reference numeral 6 denotes a lower canal consisting of nerves and blood vessels, which extends longitudinally below the alveolar bone.

〔problem〕

Conventionally, in an implant as shown in FIG. 1, the depth D of the implanted portion 1 is usually formed to have a dimension length of 8 to 12 nn+.

In this type of implant surgery, the implant is designed to be implanted in the young man to a certain depth in the bone, that is, from the crest of the alveolus where the mucosal tissue is incised. This allows it to be inserted deeply into the bone. The alveolar bone 5 is hard at a depth of about 2 mm and soft below, through which the nerves and alveolar canals extend, and are connected to various anatomical structures and natural tooth structures adjacent to the implant site. Implants, on the other hand, can cause significant damage and require great skill and dexterity to carefully determine the exact location and avoid these structures. It is difficult to adjust the insertion depth, and even if it does not cause any damage to other structures, overfilling cannot be easily corrected, and if it retreats, it will become loosely implanted and its retention will be impaired. There are disadvantages such as being

As described above, conventional implants are inferior in terms of stability, and also tend to loosen or move in terms of retention, resulting in poor safety.

(Means for Solving Problems) The present invention was proposed in view of the above points, and it improves the structure of an artificial tooth root (implant) and extends the implant implant from the bridge-connected base to the distal end. 2
It has a shape in which two flat plates (blades) face each other in parallel,
The flat plate is characterized in that the length in the direction of the implantation depth up to the tip thereof is at most 6111111 or less and about 31 or more.

[Effect]

The quality of the blade of the present invention up to the tip of the implanted part is 611.
Designed to be less than 1 m long, the bridge joint of this blade hits the alveolar crest and stops during implantation, so it can be implanted safely and accurately without overfilling and causing the blade tip to compress or damage the mandibular canal, which consists of nerves and blood vessels. In addition, it is firmly fixed and supported within the bone by the two blades and the bridge joint base, increasing lateral stability and significantly improving retention.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment of the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention, where 7 is a cross section of a thin plate (
Figure 4) is an implant implantation part formed so that two blades connected in a bridge shape in a mouth shape face each other in parallel, and a large number of holes 1a are formed on the side for bone regeneration to strengthen the bone retention force. This creates a window 1b in which the alveolar bone swells on the bridge surface. 8 is the head which serves as the abutment of the artificial tooth crown, and is formed into a straight shape such as a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, or a prism, or an umbrella shape such as a cone or a pyramid, or a tapered shape (Fig. 5 A, B, C). is connected to the upper bridge portion of the implanted portion 7 at the neck portion 9. The thickness of the blade forming the implanted part 1 is 0
．． The depth of the mouth-shaped bridge is approximately 1 to 5 +u, the l1flL is approximately 10 to 30 mm depending on the number of heads, etc., and the depth D in the implantation direction is as described above. It is sized to 3 to 6 gas.

There are some differences depending on the position of the jawbone where the implant is inserted, but in general there is hard bone up to a depth of about 2 mm from the alveolar crest, and below that there is a soft part containing nerves, blood vessels, etc. The distance to the mandibular canal is at least 6~
Since there is 7 RAM, safe implantation can be achieved by setting D to at most 6 arms or less, and by designing it to at least 31 m or more, it can be implanted at a depth of 2 II 1 m.
This is because the blade can be embedded and held in a moderately hard part, and stable holding performance can be expected.

Corrosion-resistant Ti or Ti alloy is used as the material.
For example, TiPd, TiNi, TiNi
Mo, Ti, Ru, etc. are used.

Daikisest processing of such T1 alloy material using a mold,
A kneaded mixture of Ti, Ti alloy powder and binder is injection molded, and if necessary, it is further subjected to drilling and precision finishing. In the case of sheet metal pressing, as shown in Fig. 6 Δ, a hole 1a is made in the rolled and forged T1 alloy thin plate 7 by laser machining, wire cut electric discharge machining, drilling, etc., and the window 7 is
After machining b and welding the head 8, the dotted line portion 71 is bent and pressed into an opening shape. Of these, especially drilling, cutting,
By using laser processing for processing such as welding, precision processing can be performed, and it is convenient because processing and molding can be performed cleanly without contamination caused by adhesion of impurities.

FIG. 6B shows an example in which a downward rectangular cut 7C is formed in the blade.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a double-head implant in which a plurality of heads 8 are formed in the implantation part 7 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an embodiment in which the left and right end portions of the joining bridge surfaces of the bases of the two blades 7 in FIG. Bridge only by parts.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment in which a radius is formed from the base of the blade 7 to the bridge joint to form a U-shaped connection, which produces good results without stress concentration.

The neck portion of the head 8 that is connected to the blade 1 is formed in the same shape and connected thereto, but this is also effective.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which both left and right ends of the U-shaped bridge portion of the blade shown in FIG. 9 are cut.

The cross section of the tip of the blade 7 may be rounded and sharpened to facilitate insertion. Further, the front end of the blade may be formed by cutting the corners and giving it a rounded shape.

FIG. 11 shows an irregularly shaped implant in which the implantation part 1 is curved in accordance with the shape of the alveolar bone portion to be implanted, and FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of a double head having two heads 8.

Figure 13 shows that the alveolar bone can be bent to fit the shape of the implanted alveolar bone.
Fig. A shows an example in which the blade of the implanted part 7 is formed with slits 10a alternately from above and below, and the slits 10a allow the blade to be bent vertically with respect to the plane of the paper. , Figure B shows a blade in which a slit 10b leading to a hole drilled in the blade surface is formed, Figure 0 shows a blade in which a hole 10c is formed by cutting the hole downward, and Figure D shows a blade in which a tapered cut 10d is formed from the top and bottom of the blade. , E figure is a double head with two heads 8 attached to the implantation part 7 of figure A, F figure is a blade with a downward rectangular notch 10b, and G figure is a blade with two downward rectangular cuts 10b. This is an example in which a stepped rectangular cut of 10 g is formed. All of them are bendable and deformable, and can be implanted at any location on the front teeth, lower teeth, and upper teeth, and by fixing them in an elastically deformed state, they fit into the alveolar bone and increase bone attachment. Note that by forming a slit in the upper surface to which the head 8 is fixed, it can also be bent in the vertical direction.

In Figure 14, a thin slit 11a is formed parallel to the thickness direction of the blade of the implanted part 7, so that it can be elastically press-fitted and fixed in a groove formed in the alveolar bone. It is something. The slit width is formed to be about X with respect to the blade thickness.

In human alveolar bone implantation surgery, two parallel grooves are formed in the alveolar bone in order to embed the two parallel blades of implant part 1 of the implant. For grooving, methods such as using a disk plate to create parallel grooves, or moving a tool along a guide and machining with a master die fixed to the bone are used. be done.

In this way, two parallel grooves corresponding to the two blades of the implantation part of the implant are formed in the alveolar bone along the alveolar crest, and the tips of the two blades are inserted into the processed grooves, Push in until the base bridge part of the blade touches the alveolar crest. At this time, the bridge part stops when it hits the alveolar crest, so it can be easily inserted without adjusting the implantation depth.At this time, the blade tip is kept at a length of 6 mm or less so that it does not come into contact with the mandibular canal, etc. It is possible to prevent the tip of the blade from being pushed deep into the groove, and it is possible to perform the implantation surgery extremely safely and accurately without damaging the lower m-cisternal canal or the like due to overfilling.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the implant 7 implanted into the groove of the processed bone 12, in which the parallel blade tips penetrate the hard part 12a of the bone and are implanted into the soft part 12b. The depth D of the portion 7 is designed to be 6 + nm or less, and the base of the mouth shape is firmly held by the superficial top of the bone, allowing safe implant surgery. The incised tissue is closed using sutures along the implant, and the sutures are removed once the tissue is fused. The head 8 of the implant thus implanted and retained is exposed in the oral cavity and extends upward, and the denture is bonded to a position covering it.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, since the structure of the artificial tooth root has been improved, the denture can be easily assembled and implanted extremely safely, reliably, and stably. That is, the implant implantation part has a shape in which two flat plates (blades) are opposed in parallel to each other from the base whose cross section is bridged to the tip, and the length in the implantation depth direction extending to the tip of the blade is made large ( Even if it is 6+u or less, it is formed to be about 3 mm or more, so when the tip of the blade is inserted into the groove formed in the alveolar bone, the connecting bridge part is held in place in abutment against the alveolar crest, which limits the insertion depth. This prevents the tip of the blade from being pushed deeply into the groove, which is extremely safe as there is no damage to the mandibular canal due to overfilling, and allows extremely accurate implantation surgery without depth adjustment. The implantation part blade has a shape in which two blades face each other in parallel, and are pushed into two grooves cut in the alveolar bone, and the connecting bridge part of the blade is implanted with adhesive and fixed to the alveolar crest. In addition to ensuring accurate insertion depth, it improves retention and lateral stability and provides firm seating.The blade surface of the implanted part has holes, kerfs, etc. In addition, an opening window is formed on the trowel-shaped or U-shaped bridge connecting surface, through which bone regeneration occurs rapidly and the retention property is significantly increased. This allows the head to accurately hold and support the crown that is bonded to it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a conventional implant, Fig. 2 is a side view of an implanted implant, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the implant of the present invention, Fig. 4 is a sectional view thereof, and Fig. 5 Figure A1B
, C is an example diagram of a part thereof, FIGS. 6A and B are explanatory diagrams for processing the implant of the present invention, and No. 71! ! ! Figures 1 to 14 are views of other embodiments of the implant of the present invention, and Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the implant of the present invention. 1...... Implanted part 8...@ part 9... Cervical part 7a... ...... Hole 7b ... Window 7C ... Cut H ...... Depth D・・・・・・・・・・・・Depth・・・・・・・・・・・・Radius

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In an artificial tooth root that has an implanted part implanted into the alveolar bone, a neck that stands up from the implanted part, and a head that is exposed in the oral cavity following the neck and serves as an abutment for the artificial tooth. , the implantation part is shaped such that two flat plates are opposed in substantially parallel from the bridge-connected base to the tip, and the length in the implantation depth direction to the tip of the flat plate is at most 6 mm or less and about 3 mm or more. An artificial tooth root characterized by having been formed. (2) When implanting the artificial tooth root according to claim 1, two parallel grooves corresponding to the two flat plates of the implantation part of the artificial tooth root are formed in the alveolar bone along the alveolar crest. death,
A method for implanting an artificial tooth root, which comprises inserting the tips of the two flat plates into the processed groove and pushing the flat plates until the bridge connecting part of the flat plates comes into contact with the alveolar crest.