JP4116783B2 - Denture with denture - Google Patents

Denture with denture Download PDF

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JP4116783B2
JP4116783B2 JP2001342720A JP2001342720A JP4116783B2 JP 4116783 B2 JP4116783 B2 JP 4116783B2 JP 2001342720 A JP2001342720 A JP 2001342720A JP 2001342720 A JP2001342720 A JP 2001342720A JP 4116783 B2 JP4116783 B2 JP 4116783B2
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正晴 荒木
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正晴 荒木
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、有床義歯に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、１歯あるいはそれ以上の歯が欠損した場合に用いられる有床義歯には、有床義歯が動いたり外れたりするのを防ぐための種々の維持装置が用いられている。
例えば、金属製で形成された鉤で天然歯等の鉤歯を抱きこむようにして維持する維持装置（以下、イ号装置という）が用いられている。
【０００３】
他の技術としては、特開平６−３１９７５０号公報（以下、ロ号公報という）に「嵌合部を有し顎骨の抜歯窩又は新たに切削した窩洞に植立された凸状維持部材と、有床義歯の義歯床に配設され嵌合部が嵌入する凹状嵌合部を有する凹状維持部材と、を備えた有床義歯の維持装置」が開示されている。
【０００４】
特開２００１−１７００８１号公報（以下、ハ号公報という）には、「ａ．歯根等に固着される固着部を備えたメールと、ｂ．ハウジング部材と、ライダー部と、を備えたフィメールと、を備えた有床義歯アタッチメント」が開示されている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上記従来の技術においては、以下のような課題を有していた。
（１）イ号装置は、鉤が鉤歯の表面に露出し、特に鉤歯が切歯や小臼歯等の場合には口元で鉤が目立つので、審美性に欠けるという課題を有していた。
（２）有床義歯の義歯床や粘膜の沈下、横揺れ等により、鉤が抱き込んでいる鉤歯に側方からの力が加圧され、鉤歯が動揺したり抜歯されたりすることがあるという課題を有していた。天然歯の歯根を支える歯槽骨や歯根膜は垂直方向の力に対してはある程度の強さが認められるが、側方からの力に対しては比較的もろいからである。
（３）ロ号公報に開示の技術は、凸状維持部材を顎骨の抜歯窩又は新たに切削した窩洞に植立する必要があり、大掛かりな治療を要するとともに患者のコスト負担も大きいという課題を有していた。
（４）凸状維持部材の形状に制約が生じるので、術者（歯科医師や歯科技工士）の創意応用の入り込む余地が少なく適応症例が限られるという課題を有していた。
（５）ハ号公報に開示の技術は、固着部を鋳接等によって金属冠等に固着するので、固着強度が問題になり耐久性が低下し易く、さらに固着位置に制約が生じ術者の創意応用の入り込む余地が少なく適応症例が限られるという課題を有していた。
（６）固着部を鋳接等によって金属冠等に固着するので、表面に陶材が焼付で形成される金属冠を用い固着部の材質と金属冠の材質とが異なる場合には、陶材の焼付の際に金属冠と固着部との間の熱膨脹差によって歪みが生じ、固着部の固着強度が低下し耐久性に欠けるという課題を有していた。
（７）ハウジング部を有しているので、ハウジング部とライダー部との間の細かな隙間に食べ物のカス等が詰まり易く、口臭や炎症等の原因となり易いという課題を有していた。
（８）イ号装置乃至ハ号公報に開示の技術は、有床義歯の着脱を鉤の鉤歯への着脱やスナップによって行うものであり、有床義歯の維持力の制御は術者の経験や勘によって行われているため、維持力が大きすぎて有床義歯の脱着が困難となったり維持力が小さすぎて容易に脱着されるという問題が発生するという課題を有していた。
（９）ロ号公報又はハ号公報に開示の技術は、有床義歯を装着したときに義歯床と口内の粘膜が密着しているため、粘膜に圧迫感を感じ装着感が悪いという課題を有していた。
【０００６】
本発明は上記従来の課題を解決するもので、口内への着脱が容易であるとともに清潔性と外観に優れ、さらに義歯床が口内の粘膜を圧迫して患者に不快感を与えることがなく快適な装着感が得られる有床義歯を提供することを目的とする。
【０００７】
上記従来の課題を解決するために本発明の有床義歯は、以下の構成を有している。
【０００８】
本発明の請求項１に記載の有床義歯は、（ａ）合成樹脂製又は合成ゴム製の固定台部と、（ｂ）基部が顎部に埋入され又は支台歯に被着された台部に固着された嵌合固定部或いは支台歯に被着された金属製の歯冠補綴具の台部と一体に形成された１乃至複数本の軸部の各々の他端部に一体に形成された嵌合部が、着脱自在に嵌入され前記固定台部の先端面で開口して終端部が閉塞し、長さが前記嵌合固定部又は前記嵌合部の高さよりも長めに形成された空洞部を有する凹状嵌合部と、を備えた有床義歯固定具を、埋入孔に接着剤で仮固定し前記接着剤が硬化しないうちに顎部に装着するとともに咬合させて、前記凹状嵌合部に前記嵌合固定部又は前記嵌合部を嵌合させた状態で前記接着剤を硬化させることにより、前記凹状嵌合部に嵌入された前記嵌合固定部又は前記嵌合部が、咬合時には前記空洞部の終端に当接し未咬合時には前記空洞部内で嵌入孔部側に移動自在な深さに埋入固定した義歯床を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）有床義歯固定具の固定台部が合成樹脂製や合成ゴム製で形成され弾性を有しているので、凹状嵌合部への嵌合部等の着脱時や咬合時に凹状嵌合部が変形し、着脱を容易にするとともに咬合による垂直運動及び水平運動を緩衝し安定性を高めることができ、さらに凹状嵌合部の内壁の切削が容易で維持力の最適化が容易である。
（２）口内に固定された嵌合部や嵌合固定部と着脱自在な有床義歯固定具が埋入固定された義歯床を備えているので、口内への着脱が容易である。
（３）有床義歯固定具が義歯床に埋入固定され継ぎ目がなく部品点数も少ないので、口臭や炎症等の原因となる食べ物のカス等が詰まり難く清潔性に優れる。
（４）有床義歯固定具が義歯床に埋入固定されているので、口内に装着すると口内に固定された嵌合部や嵌合固定部が義歯床に隠れ外観に優れる。
（５）義歯床は容易に加工できるので、有床義歯固定具の弾性等が劣化し違和感を生じ装着性が低下した場合は、義歯床や接着剤を切削して古い有床義歯固定具だけを取り出し新しいものと交換することができ、義歯床全体を新たに作り直すコストと手間を要さず患者への負担が小さい。
（６）口内に固定された嵌合固定部や嵌合部が未咬合時には空洞部内で移動自在な深さに有床義歯固定具が義歯床に埋入固定されているので、義歯床が口内の粘膜を圧迫して患者に不快感を与えることがなく快適な装着感が得られる。
【０００９】
ここで、固定台部の形状としては、角柱状、円筒状、截頭角錐状、截頭円錐状やそれらを組み合わせたもの等の種々の形状が用いられる。特に、截頭角錐状、截頭円錐状等のように先端面に向かって幅狭に形成すると、レジン等の接着剤を用いて義歯床に埋入した際に抜け止め力が働き、維持力が高まるため好ましい。さらに、固定台部の外側面に嵌合部等が凹状嵌合部に着脱する方向と略直交する凹溝を形成すると、義歯床に埋入した際に凹溝にレジン等の接着剤が食い込み、義歯床から固定台部が脱落し難く維持力がより高まるため好ましい。
支台歯としては、天然歯、顎部に埋入された人工歯根等が用いられる。支台歯が天然歯の場合には、台部の被着し易い形状に所定部を削っておくと好ましい。これにより、歯冠補綴具の被着安定性を高め、落ち着きをよくしたり動揺するのを防止することができる。
【００１０】
歯冠補綴具が、支台歯に被着された金属製の台部と、基部が前記台部と一体に形成された１乃至複数本の軸部と、前記軸部の各々の他端部に一体に形成された嵌合部と、を備えた構成を有している場合、支台歯に被着される台部、軸部、嵌合部が一体に形成されるので、術者の創意応用によって自在な形状に形成することができ自在性に優れ、そのため種々の症例に適用可能である。また、支台歯に被着される台部、軸部、嵌合部が金属製で一体に形成されるので、機械的強度が大きく耐久性に優れる。
台部としては、支台歯を覆って元の歯の形状に近づけるように金属製で形成した冠，冠の表面全体や一部に陶材やレジン等を付着させた前装冠等の金属冠、複数の金属冠に橋架されたブリッジ、根面を覆うように形成された根面板、金属冠やブリッジ等から延設された延設板等が用いられる。
台部等が形成される金属材料としては、２０Ｋ白金加金等の金合金、金−パラジウム−銀合金等の銀合金、ニッケル−クロム合金、コバルト−クロム合金、チタン合金、金系，パラジウム系，ニッケル系等の陶材焼付用合金（ポーセレンメタル）等の機械的強度が大きく化学的に安定した材料が用いられる。
【００１１】
嵌合固定部としては、球状，半球状，砲弾状，半球状や砲弾状と円筒状を組み合わせた形状等の先端側に膨出面を有する種々の形状に形成され凹状嵌合部に嵌入される頭部を備えたもの（例えば、特開２００１−１７００８１号、特開昭５８−９２３４８号公報に記載のもの）が用いられ、必要に応じて頭部に固着又は一体形成されたネック部を備えたものも用いることができる。
嵌合部の形状としては、球状，半球状，砲弾状，半球状や砲弾状と円筒状を組み合わせた形状等の先端側に膨出面を有する種々の形状が用いられる。特に、嵌合部が球状に形成されていると、嵌合部の着脱を容易にするともに維持力の制御が容易で自由度が高く、さらに顎の咬合運動の際に発生する垂直方向や水平方向の力を均一に分散させることができるとともに、粘膜の沈下等によって回転方向に働く力を嵌合部が支点となって回動して緩衝することができるので好適に用いられる。
【００１２】
軸部としては、円筒状，円柱状，角柱状等の形状に形成され、嵌合部の外径より細く形成されたものが用いられる。これにより、嵌合部を確実に嵌合させることができるとともに、嵌合部の外径や形状によって脱着時の維持力を容易に制御することができ好ましい。
軸部は台部の立設面に対して直交して形成される。
凹状嵌合部としては、固定台部の内部に形成され嵌合部又は嵌合固定部が収納される空洞部と、空洞部と連通して固定台部の先端面で開口する嵌入孔部と、を備えたものが用いられる。
有床義歯固定具が埋入固定される所定部としては、口内に固定された嵌合部や嵌合固定部に対応する位置が用いられる。嵌合部等に対応する位置であれば、有床義歯固定具は義歯床の１乃至複数箇所に固定することができる。
有床義歯固定具の義歯床への固定方法としては、嵌合部や嵌合固定部に対応する義歯床の位置に有床義歯固定具の外形よりもやや大きめの埋入用孔部を形成し、次いで有床義歯固定具を埋入用孔部に挿入した後レジン等の接着剤を使用して埋入用孔部と有床義歯固定具との隙間を充填し固定するのが好ましい。嵌合部や嵌合固定部と有床義歯固定具との位置関係を確認しながら、義歯床の正確な位置に有床義歯固定具を固定できるからである。
凹状嵌合部が備える空洞部としては、長さが嵌合固定部又は嵌合部の厚みよりも長く形成される。また、空洞部の長手方向と略直交する断面形状が、嵌合固定部又は嵌合部の断面形状と略同一に形成され嵌合固定部又は嵌合部が移動自在にされる。
固定台部の材質としては、ポリエチレン，ポリプロピレン，ポリ塩化ビニル，ポリカーボネート，メタクリル樹脂，ＥＰＤＭやポリウレタン系等の熱可塑性エラストマー，アクリル樹脂，シリコーン樹脂，シリコーンゴム等の弾性を有する合成樹脂製や合成ゴム製が用いられる。
【００１４】
ここで、有床義歯固定具が、（ａ）合成樹脂製や合成ゴム製の固定台部と、（ｂ）基部が顎部に埋入され又は支台歯に被着された台部に固着された嵌合固定部又は請求項１に記載の嵌合部が、着脱自在に嵌入される前記固定台部に形成された凹状嵌合部と、（ｃ）前記凹状嵌合部と同心状に前記固定台部の先端面に付され前記凹状嵌合部に嵌入される前記嵌合固定部又は前記嵌合部の脱着時の維持力の目安となる維持力表示部と、を備えた構成を有している場合、維持力表示部を目安にして術者が症例に応じて現場で凹状嵌合部の内 径を大きくして維持力を最適に調整することができ、自在性に優れるとともに容易に装着性を高めることができる。
【００１５】
空洞部としては、内径が嵌合部等の外径と略同一の大きさに形成され、深さが嵌合部等の厚みと略同一かそれ以上の大きさに形成される。空洞部を嵌合部等の厚み以上の深さに形成すると、空洞部内で嵌合部等を移動自在にすることができ、有床義歯固定具が固定された有床義歯の義歯床が食物を咀嚼するとき等に沈み込むのに対応させることができ、また、未咬合時には義歯床を口内の粘膜から離して保持することができる等自在性が高まるため好ましい。
嵌入孔部としては、内径が嵌合部等の外径よりも小さく形成されたものが用いられる。これにより、嵌合部等の脱着時には、嵌入孔部の開口縁部が嵌合部等が容易に脱着されるのを防止し維持力が発生する。
【００１６】
維持力表示部としては、凹状嵌合部の外周の固定台部の先端面に同心状に１乃至複数の線状，点状，模様状等の表示が印刷、刻印、若しくは凸状や溝状に形成、又は描画等して付されたものが用いられる。
空洞部の内径を固定台部の先端面に投影して得られる維持力表示部は維持力０ｇの目安となり、維持力表示部の表示位置を嵌入孔部に近づけるにつれて大きな維持力の目安にすることができる。嵌入孔部を内径が大きくなるように切削するにつれて、嵌合部等が容易に脱着し維持力が小さくなるからである。従って、凹状嵌合部に嵌入された嵌合部等を脱着するときの維持力と嵌入孔部の内径の大きさとの関係を調べることにより、維持力表示部の位置の設定を容易に行うことができる。
なお、維持力表示部が表示する維持力の範囲としては、０〜５００ｇが好適に用いられる。健全な鉤歯（支台歯）１歯当りの維持力の負担能力は３５０〜５００ｇとされているからである、
【００１８】
請求項１に記載の有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具は、前記凹状嵌合部が前記固定台部の先端面で開口して複数形成され、前記固定台部の前記先端面の前記凹状嵌合部間に形成され前記固定台部の外側面で開口するスリット部を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）固定台部の先端面で開口する凹状嵌合部が複数形成されているので、複数の嵌合部等を凹状嵌合部に嵌入して固定することができ、安定性をより高めることができる。
（２）スリット部が形成された凹状嵌合部間の固定台部は薄く、また合成樹脂製や合成ゴム製で形成した場合は、スリット部で固定台部を容易に切り離すことができ、術者が現場で症例に応じて１乃至複数の凹状嵌合部を有する有床義歯固定具を作成することができ自在性に優れる。
（３）スリット部は固定台部の外側面で開口しているので、義歯床に埋入する場合、レジン等の接着剤がスリット部内にも充填されてアンカー効果が付与され、抜け止め力が働き維持力を高めることができる。
【００１９】
ここで、スリット部としては、固定台部の高さに対し１／３〜９／１０好ましくは１／２〜４／５の深さで形成されると好ましい。スリット部の深さが固定台部の高さに対し１／２より小さくなるにつれ切断し難くなるとともにスリット傾向がみられ、４／５より大きくなるにつれスリット部の形成された固定台部の機械的強度が小さく破損し易くなる傾向がみられるため好ましくない。特に、スリット部の深さが固定台部の高さに対し１／３より小さくなるか９／１０より大きくなると、これらの傾向が著しくなるためいずれも好ましくない。
なお、スリット部の内壁面を傾斜させて固定台部の基部に向かって幅狭に形成すると、固定台部を切り離した場合でも、義歯床に埋入した際にレジン等の接着剤で抜け止め力が働き維持力が高まるため好ましい。さらに、スリット部の内壁面に凹状嵌合部と略直交する凹溝を形成すると、義歯床に埋入した際に凹溝に接着剤が食い込み維持力がより高まるため好ましい。
固定台部、凹状嵌合部は請求項２で説明したものと同様のものなので、説明を省略する。
【００２０】
また、有床義歯固定具は、前記固定台部が、前記凹状嵌合部と連通し前記固定台部の前記先端面及び外側面で開口する溝部を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）歯冠補綴具等の軸部やネック部等を溝部に位置する状態にして、軸部等を溝部に通過させつつ嵌合部等を凹状嵌合部に嵌入することができるので、口内や支台歯に様々な角度で固定された嵌合部等と有床義歯固定具とを自在に着脱することができ自在性に優れる。
【００２１】
ここで、溝部の長さ（固定台部の外側面から凹状嵌合部までの距離）としては、軸部やネック部の長さよりやや短めか略同一に形成される。これにより、軸部やネック部を溝部に通過させて嵌合部等を凹状嵌合部に確実に嵌入させることができる。
溝部の幅としては、軸部やネック部の太さと同一乃至嵌合部や嵌合固定部の外径よりも小さな幅に形成することができる。これにより、凹状嵌合部に嵌入された嵌合部や嵌合固定部が溝部から脱着することなく安定して凹状嵌合部内に保持されるとともに、嵌合部等の脱着時の維持力が凹状嵌合部の大きさのみに依存するので維持力の制御が容易である。
【００２２】
また、有床義歯固定具は、前記固定台部が、前記凹状嵌合部が開口する前記先端面に形成された嵌入孔部及び／又は前記溝部の、外表面を拡径するガイド部を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）凹状嵌合部は嵌入孔部の内径が嵌合部や嵌合固定部の外径より小さく形成されているので嵌入し難いが、ガイド部を有しているので、嵌合部等を凹状嵌合部や溝部へ容易に嵌入させることができ、有床義歯固定具が固定された有床義歯を口内へ容易に装着させることができる。
【００２３】
ここで、ガイド部としては、固定台部の先端面に形成された嵌入孔部や溝部の開口縁部の角部を除去するようにすり鉢状等に形成された傾斜面が用いられる。
【００２４】
【００２５】
【００２６】
【００２７】
【００２８】
歯冠補綴具の製造方法は、支台歯の印象をとり陽型を作成する陽型作成工程と、前記陽型作成工程で作成された陽型上に前記支台歯に被着される台部の型を蝋で作成した後、蝋製嵌合部が固着又は一体形成された蝋製軸部を前記型の所定部に固着し補綴型を作成する補綴型作成工程と、前記補綴型作成工程で作成された前記補綴型を埋没材に埋没させて鋳型を作成する鋳型作成工程と、前記鋳型作成工程で作成された前記鋳型に溶融金属を注入する鋳造工程と、を備えた構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）補綴型作成工程を有しているので、台部の所望する位置に角度、大きさ、数量等を任意に選択して軸部及び嵌合部を形成することができ設計の自由度が大きく、症例に応じ術者の創意応用を十分に生かすことができ自在性に優れる。
（２）鋳造工程を有しているので、歯冠補綴具を金属製で一体に形成することができ機械的強度に優れる。
（３）歯冠補綴具を作成する従来の設備や材料等をそのまま用いることができるとともに、台部，軸部及び嵌合部を蝋製で作成するので、設備負荷を要しないとともにコスト性に優れる。
【００２９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施の形態を、図面を参照しながら説明する。
（実施の形態１）
図１は実施の形態１における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具が支台歯に被着された状態を示す要部断面図であり、図２は実施の形態１における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具の要部断面図及び底面図であり、図３は有床義歯固定具の埋入固定された有床義歯が歯冠補綴具に固定された状態を示す要部断面図である。
図１において、１は実施の形態１における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具、２は顎骨や歯肉、粘膜等からなり天然歯が植立する顎部、３は顎部２に植立する大臼歯等の天然歯からなる支台歯、４は２０Ｋ白金加金等の金合金、金−パラジウム−銀合金等の銀合金等の金属製で略平板状に形成され天然歯の歯冠を切削して形成された支台歯３の根面と歯髄腔に被着された根面板からなる台部、４’は台部４の咬合方向と直交して平面状に形成され軸部が立設される立設面、５は基部が台部４と一体に立設面４’に形成され支台歯３の植立方向と略平行に立設された円柱状等の柱状軸部、６は軸部５の他端部と一体に形成され外径が軸部５の外径よりも大きく形成された球状の嵌合部である。
【００３０】
図２において、１０は実施の形態１における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具、１１は基部が略正方形状の略直方状と先端面１１´に向かって幅狭の截頭四角錐状とが組み合わされてポリエチレン，ポリプロピレン等の合成樹脂製等で形成された固定台部、１２は固定台部１１の先端面１１´に形成された凹状嵌合部、１３は円柱状に形成された凹状嵌合部１２の空洞部、１４は筒状空洞部１３が閉塞し半球状に形成された空洞部１３の終端部、１５は空洞部１３と連通して固定台部１１の先端面１１´で開口する円形状に形成された凹状嵌合部１２の嵌入孔部、１６は空洞部１３の一端が縮径して嵌入孔部１５を形成する凹状嵌合部１２の開口縁部、１７は凹状嵌合部１２の嵌入孔部１５と同心円状に固定台部１１に溝状で線状に付された維持力表示部である。１７ａは空洞部１３の内径を固定台部１１に投影して得られた維持力０ｇの目安となる維持力表示部、１７ｂは嵌入孔部１５と維持力表示部１７ａとの略中間部に付された維持力表示部である。本実施の形態においては、空洞部１３，嵌入孔部１５，開口縁部１６を有する凹状嵌合部１２に、歯冠補綴具１の嵌合部６を嵌合したときの維持力が約５００ｇになるように固定台部１１の材質、開口縁部１６の厚み、嵌入孔部１５の内径の大きさ等が設定されており、維持力表示部１７ｂは維持力が約３５０ｇになるように設定されている。維持力表示部１７は空洞部１３の内径を最大径とし、球状の嵌合部６の軸部５を最小径としてその間を等分に１乃至数個円を描いて表示したもので、最大径で維持力が０、最小径で最大、その間の１乃至数個の円で維持力を表現したもの、であればよい。１８は固定台部１１の基部側の外側面に全周にわたって断面が矩形溝状に形成された凹溝である。
【００３１】
図３において、２０は実施の形態１における有床義歯、２１は人工歯（図示しない）が植立され床用レジン等で形成された義歯床、２２は義歯床２１に有床義歯固定具１０の固定台部１１よりもやや大きめの矩形状に穿設された埋入孔、２３は埋入孔２２に埋入された有床義歯固定具１０を固定する埋入孔２２に充填されたレジン等の接着剤である。
本実施の形態においては、有床義歯固定具１０の凹状嵌合部１２の深さ（固定台部１１の先端から終端部１４までの距離）は、歯冠補綴具１の軸部５の基部から嵌合部６の先端までの高さ（ｌ1）と同一かやや深めに形成されており、有床義歯固定具１０の空洞部１３の長さ（ｌ2）は、歯冠補綴具１の嵌合部６の高さ（ｌ3）よりも長めに形成されている。また、有床義歯固定具１０は、義歯床２１の表面が顎部２に当接したときに、有床義歯固定具１０の先端面１１´が歯冠補綴具１の台部４に当接するような深さで義歯床２１に埋入固定されている。
【００３２】
以上のように構成された本実施の形態１の有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具及び有床義歯固定具について、以下その使用方法を説明する。
まず、所定部を切削して適当な形状に加工した支台歯３に歯冠補綴具１の台部４を歯科用セメント等で被着する。歯冠補綴具１は１乃至複数箇所に被着することができる。次いで、支台歯３に被着された歯冠補綴具１と略対応する位置に埋入孔２２を有床義歯固定具１０の高さよりもやや深く形成し、埋入孔２２の底部にレジン等の接着剤を少量塗布する。次いで、埋入孔２２に塗布した接着剤の上に有床義歯固定具１０を置いて有床義歯固定具１０を埋入孔２２に仮固定した後、接着剤が硬化しないうちに有床義歯２０を患者の口内の顎部２に装着するとともに咬合させて、有床義歯固定具１０の凹状嵌合部１２に歯冠補綴具１の嵌合部６を嵌合させる。埋入孔２２に塗布した接着剤２３が硬化して有床義歯固定具１０が埋入孔２２に完全に固定された後、咬合するのをやめて有床義歯固定具１０の凹状嵌合部１２から歯冠補綴具１の嵌合部６を脱着して有床義歯２０を患者の口内の顎部２から取り外す。次いで、埋入孔２２と有床義歯固定具１０の固定台部１１との隙間にレジン等の接着剤２３を充填し硬化させ、有床義歯固定具１０を義歯床２１に形成された埋入孔２２に完全に埋入固定する。
有床義歯２０の維持力は、固定台部１１に付された維持力表示部１７ａ，１７ｂを目安に、患者の症例に応じ歯科用研削器等を用いて開口縁部１６を切削して嵌入孔部１５の内径を大きくすることで調整する。この維持力の調整は、有床義歯固定具１０を義歯床２１に固定した後、固定する前のいずれでも行うことができる。
【００３３】
以上のように本実施の形態１の有床義歯及びそれに用いられる有床義歯固定具は構成されているので、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）歯冠補綴具は、支台歯に被着される台部、軸部、嵌合部が一体に形成されるので、術者の創意応用によって自在な形状に形成することができ自在性に優れ、そのため種々の症例に適用可能である。
（２）歯冠補綴具は、支台歯に被着される台部、軸部、嵌合部が金属製で一体に形成されるので、機械的強度が大きく耐久性に優れる。
（３）有床義歯固定具が維持力表示部を有しているので、維持力表示部を目安にして術者が症例に応じて現場で凹状嵌合部の内径を大きくして維持力を最適に調整することができ、自在性に優れるとともに容易に装着性を高めることができる。
（４）有床義歯固定具の固定台部が合成樹脂や合成ゴムで形成され弾性を有しているので、凹状嵌合部への嵌合部等の着脱時や咬合時に凹状嵌合部が変形し、着脱を容易にするとともに咬合による垂直運動及び水平運動を緩衝し安定性を高めることができ、さらに凹状嵌合部の内壁の切削が容易で維持力の最適化が容易である。
（５）有床義歯固定具の固定台部が先端面に向かって幅狭に形成されているので、レジン等の接着剤を用いて義歯床に埋入した際に抜け止め力が働き、維持力を高めることができる。
（６）有床義歯固定具の固定台部の外側面に嵌合部等が凹状嵌合部に着脱する方向と略直交する凹溝が形成されているので、義歯床に埋入した際に凹溝にレジン等の接着剤が食い込み、義歯床から固定台部が脱落し難く維持力をより高めることができる。
（７）有床義歯固定具の凹状嵌合部の深さ（固定台部の先端面から終端部までの距離）は、歯冠補綴具の軸部の基部から嵌合部の先端までの高さ（ｌ1）と同一かやや深めに形成されており、空洞部の長さ（ｌ2）は、歯冠補綴具の嵌合部の高さ（ｌ3）よりも長めに形成されており、さらに、有床義歯固定具は、義歯床の表面が顎部に当接したときに、有床義歯固定具の先端面が歯冠補綴具の台部に当接するような深さで義歯床に埋入固定されているので、未咬合時には空洞部内で嵌合部が移動自在になり、有床義歯の義歯床が口内の粘膜を圧迫して患者に不快感を与えることがなく快適な装着感が得られる。
（８）有床義歯の義歯床に歯冠補綴具の嵌合部と着脱自在な有床義歯固定具が埋入固定されているので、口内への着脱が容易である。
（９）有床義歯は、有床義歯固定具が義歯床に埋入固定され継ぎ目がなく部品点数も少ないので、口臭や炎症等の原因となる食べ物のカス等が詰まり難く清潔性に優れる。
（１０）有床義歯は、有床義歯固定具が義歯床に埋入固定されているので、口内に装着すると口内に固定された嵌合部や嵌合固定部が義歯床に隠れ外観に優れる。
（１１）有床義歯の義歯床は容易に加工できるので、有床義歯固定具の弾性等が劣化し装着性が低下した場合は、接着剤や義歯床を切削して古い有床義歯固定具だけを取り出し新しいものと交換することができ、義歯床全体を新たに作り直すコストと手間を要さず患者への負担が小さい。
【００３４】
なお、本実施の形態においては、支台歯３が天然歯である場合について説明したが、顎部２に埋入された人工歯根等の場合も同様である。また、有床義歯固定具１０は、支台歯３に被着された台部４を有する歯冠補綴具１の嵌合部６が嵌合される場合について説明したが、基部が顎部２に埋入され又は支台歯３に被着された台部に固着された嵌合固定部を嵌合することもできる。この場合も同様の作用が得られる。
【００３５】
次に、有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具の製造方法について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
図４は実施の形態１における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具を製造する補綴型作成工程を説明する補綴型の要部断面図であり、図５は歯冠補綴具を製造する鋳造工程を説明する要部断面図である。なお、図１乃至図３で説明したものと同様のものは、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
図４において、３０は歯冠補綴具１の補綴型、３１は支台歯３の印象をとり作成された陽型、３２は陽型３１上に蝋で形成された蝋製台部、３３は蝋製台部３２の所定部に形成された軸装着用凹部、３４は蝋で形成され軸装着用凹部３３に固着された蝋製軸基部、３５は蝋製軸基部３４と一体に形成された蝋製軸部、３６は蝋製軸部３５と一体の球状に形成された蝋製嵌合部である。
図５において、４０は歯冠補綴具１の耐熱性を有する埋没材４０ａに補綴型３０が埋没された鋳型、４１は湯道４２に２０Ｋ白金加金等の金合金、金−パラジウム−銀合金等の銀合金等の溶融金属を導くために形成された湯口、４２は補綴型３０の収納部と連通して形成された湯道である。
【００３６】
陽型作成工程において、図４に示すように、支台歯３の印象をとり陽型３１を作成する。次いで、補綴型作成工程において、陽型３１上に支台歯３に被着される台部４の蝋製台部３２を作成した後、蝋製嵌合部３６が一体形成された蝋製軸部３５の蝋製軸基部３４を軸装着用凹部３３に固着し補綴型３０を作成する。
次いで、鋳型作成工程において、図５に示すように、補綴型３０を埋没材４０ａに埋没させるとともに湯道４２と湯口４１とを作成し、補綴型３０が埋没された鋳型４０を作成する。次に、鋳型４０を加熱炉内で補綴型３０を形成している蝋が焼失する温度以上に昇温して、補綴型３０に相当する空洞を鋳型４０内に形成する。
次いで、鋳造工程において、遠心鋳造や真空加圧鋳造等の方法を用いて湯口４１から溶融金属を注ぎ、鋳型４０に埋没された補綴型３０に相当する空洞に金属で形成された歯冠補綴具１を作成する。
【００３７】
以上のように本実施の形態の有床義歯に用いる歯冠補綴具の製造方法は構成されているので、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）補綴型作成工程を有しているので、台部の所望する位置に角度、大きさ、数量等を任意に選択して軸部及び嵌合部を形成することができ設計の自由度が大きく、症例に応じ術者の創意応用を十分に生かすことができ自在性に優れる。
（２）鋳造工程を有しているので、歯冠補綴具を金属製で一体に形成することができ機械的強度に優れる。
（３）歯冠補綴具を作成する従来の設備や材料等をそのまま用いることができるとともに、台部，軸部及び嵌合部を蝋製で作成するので、設備負荷を要しないとともにコスト性に優れる。
【００３８】
（実施の形態２）
図６は実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具が支台歯に被着された状態を示す要部断面図であり、図７（ａ）は実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具の正面図であり、図７（ｂ）は実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具の要部側面図及び底面図であり、図８は有床義歯固定具が埋入固定された有床義歯が歯冠補綴具に固定された状態を示す要部断面図である。なお、実施の形態１で説明したものと同様のものは、同様の符号を付して説明を省略する。
図６，図８において、１ａは実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具、４ａは２０Ｋ白金加金等の金合金、金−パラジウム−銀合金等の銀合金等の金属製で冠状に形成され前歯や小臼歯等の天然歯の歯冠の一部を切削して形成された支台歯３に被着された金属冠からなる台部、４ｂは台部４ａの側面に咬合方向と略平行する平面状に形成された当接平面、５ａは基部が当接平面４ｂと一体に形成され当接平面４ｂと略直交して立設された円柱状の軸部である。
【００３９】
図２，図７，図８において、１０ａは実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具、１１ａはポリエチレン，ポリプロピレン等の合成樹脂製等で形成された固定台部である。固定台部１１ａは、溝部４３（後述する）側に向かって幅狭の略直方体状に形成された基台部１９ａと、截頭四角錐状に形成された先端部１９ｂとを組み合わせた形状を有しており、先端部１９ｂは凹状嵌合部１２の上部側に相当する位置で開始されている。４３は凹状嵌合部１２の空洞部１３と連通し固定台部１１ａの先端面１１ａ´及び一の外側面で開口し軸部５ａの外径よりも幅広に形成された溝部、４４は開口縁部１６を残して嵌入孔部１５を拡径するすり鉢状に先端面１１ａ´に形成されたガイド部、４４ａは溝部４３の固定台部１１ａの先端面１１ａ´における開口部を拡径(軸部５ａをガイド）する軸部ガイド部である。
本実施の形態においては、有床義歯固定具１０ａの空洞部１３の長さ（ｌ4）は、歯冠補綴具１ａの嵌合部６の高さ（ｌ5）よりも長めに形成されており、有床義歯固定具１０ａは、義歯床２１の表面が顎部２又は歯冠補綴具１ａの台部４ａに当接したときに、歯冠補綴具１ａの嵌合部６が凹状嵌合部１２の終端部１４に当接するような深さで義歯床２１に埋入固定されている。また、有床義歯固定具１０ａの基台部１９ａが歯冠補綴具１ａの台部４ａの当接平面４ｂに当接し、先端部１９ｂの壁面が台部４ａと角度αに相当する隙間を形成するように埋入固定されている。αとしては０．５°〜４５°好ましくは１〜３０°の角度とされる。角度が１°よりも小さくなるにつれ自由度が減少し、また３０°よりも大きくなるにつれガタツキを生じ易くなる傾向があり、特に０．５°未満もしくは４５°よりも大きいとこの傾向が著しい。尚、本実施の形態では５°〜１２°に形成した。
【００４０】
以上のように構成された本実施の形態２の有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具及び有床義歯固定具の使用方法は、実施の形態１で説明したものとほぼ同様のものなので、説明を省略する。
以上のように構成された実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具が実施の形態１と異なる点は、軸部５ａが支台歯３の植立方向と略直交して立設されている点である。また、本実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具が実施の形態１と異なる点は、凹状嵌合部１２と連通し固定台部１１ａの先端面１１ａ´及び外側面で開口する溝部４３が形成されている点、先端面１１ａ´に開口縁部１６を残して嵌入孔部１５及び溝部４３を拡径するガイド部４４，軸部ガイド部４４ａが形成されている点である。また、本実施の形態２における有床義歯が実施の形態１と異なる点は、有床義歯固定具１０ａの基台部１９ａが歯冠補綴具１ａの台部４ａの当接平面４ｂに当接し、先端部１９ｂの壁面が当接平面４ｂと角度αに相当する隙間を形成するように埋入固定されている点である。
【００４１】
以上のように本実施の形態２の有床義歯及びそれに用いられる有床義歯固定具は構成されているので、実施の形態１で得られる作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）有床義歯固定具が溝部を有しているので、歯冠補綴具の軸部を溝部に位置する状態にして、軸部を溝部に通過させつつ嵌合部を凹状嵌合部に嵌入することができるので、口内や支台歯に様々な角度で固定された嵌合部と有床義歯固定具とを自在に着脱することができ自在性に優れる。
（２）有床義歯固定具がガイド部や溝部ガイド部を有しているので、嵌合部等を凹状嵌合部や溝部へ容易に嵌入させることができ、有床義歯固定具が固定された有床義歯を口内へ容易に装着させることができる。
（３）有床義歯固定具の固定台部が基台部と凹状嵌合部の上部側に相当する位置から幅狭に形成された先端部とを有しており、先端部の壁面が当接平面と角度αに相当する隙間を形成するように埋入固定されているので、咬合時の顎部の粘膜の沈下等によって有床義歯が回動しようとするのを、角度αに相当する隙間の分だけ嵌合部を支点として凹状嵌合部が回動して妨げないので、違和感なく咬合できるとともに歯冠補綴具が被着された支台歯には横方向の力が加圧され難く支台歯が動揺したり抜歯されたりするのを防止することができる。
（４）有床義歯固定具の基台部が歯冠補綴具の台部の当接平面に当接するように有床義歯に埋入固定されているので、粘着性を有する食物を咬合したとき等に義歯床が顎部の粘膜から離れる方向に回動しようとするのを台部が阻止し安定性に優れる。
（５）有床義歯固定具の固定台部の基台部が溝部に向かって幅狭に形成されているとともに、先端部も幅狭に形成されているので、レジン等の接着剤を用いて義歯床に埋入した際に抜け止め力が働き、維持力を高めることができる。
（６）有床義歯固定具の空洞部の長さ（ｌ4）は、歯冠補綴具の嵌合部の高さ（ｌ5）よりも長めに形成されており、有床義歯固定具は、義歯床の表面が顎部又は歯冠補綴具の台部に当接したときに、歯冠補綴具の嵌合部が凹状嵌合部の終端部に当接するような深さで義歯床に埋入固定されているので、未咬合時には空洞部内で嵌合部が移動自在になり、有床義歯の義歯床が口内の粘膜を圧迫して患者に不快感を与えることがなく快適な装着感が得られる。
【００４２】
なお、本実施の形態においては、台部４の当接平面４ｂが咬合方向と略平行する平面状に形成された場合について説明したが、症例によっては当接平面４ｂを咬合方向と略平行以外の種々の角度を有するように形成する場合もある。また、有床義歯固定具に嵌合されるものとして、嵌合部が一体形成された歯冠補綴具を用いる場合について説明したが、基部が顎部に埋入され又は支台歯に被着された台部に固着された嵌合固定部を有し市販等されているものを用いることもできる。
【００４３】
（実施の形態３）
図９は実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具の要部断面図であり、図１０は実施の形態３の他の応用例を示す歯冠補綴具の要部断面図であり、図１１は実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具の要部断面図であり、図１２は実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具が支台歯に被着された顎部の要部模式図であり、図１３は実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯と歯冠補綴具との嵌合の様子を示す要部断面模式図である。なお、実施の形態１で説明したものと同様のものは、同様の符号を付して説明を省略する。
図９において、１ｂは実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具、５ｂは基部が台部４と一体に形成され支台歯３の植立方向と略平行に複数立設された円柱状の軸部である。
図１０において、１ｃは実施の形態３の他の応用例である歯冠補綴具、４ｃは支台歯３に被着された金属冠と金属冠から板状に延出した延設部とからなる台部、５ｃは基部が台部４ｃと一体に形成され支台歯３の植立方向と略平行に複数立設された円柱状の軸部である。台部４ｃが延設部を有しているので台部を大きくすることができ、支台歯３が外径の小さな側切歯等の場合に軸部５ｃを複数立設させるような場合に適している。
図１１において、１０ｂは実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具、１１ｂは基部が略長方形状に形成された基台部１９ｃと先端面１１ｂ´に向かう截頭四角錐状に形成された先端部１９ｄとがポリエチレン，ポリプロピレン等の合成樹脂製等で一体に形成された固定台部、１２ａは固定台部１１ｂの先端面１１ｂ´に複数形成された凹状嵌合部、４５は凹状嵌合部１２ａ間の先端面１１ｂ´に固定台部１１ｂの高さに対し１／３〜９／１０の深さで形成され固定台部１１ｂの外側面で開口しているスリット部、４６は固定台部１１ｂの基部に向かって幅狭に傾斜して形成されたスリット部４５の内壁面、４７は固定台部１１ｂの外側面及び内壁面４６の全周にわたって固定台部１１ｂの基部側に矩形溝状に形成された凹溝である。
図１２、図１３において、４８は顎部としての上顎部であり、上顎部４８に植立する大臼歯等の支台歯３に歯冠補綴具１ｂが被着されている。なお、本実施の形態においては、歯冠補綴具１ｂが、２つの嵌合部６，６を結ぶ線が上顎部４８の対向する隆起部４８ａに向いて支台歯３に被着されている。４９は上顎部４８に装着された有床義歯であり、上顎部４８の歯冠補綴具１ｂに対応する義歯床４９ａの所定位置に有床義歯固定具１０ｂが埋入固定されている。
【００４４】
以上のように構成された本実施の形態３の有床義歯及びそれに用いられる有床義歯固定具の使用方法は、実施の形態１で説明したものとほぼ同様のものなので、説明を省略する。
以上のように構成された実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具が実施の形態１と異なる点は、軸部が台部に複数立設されている点である。また、本実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具が実施の形態１と異なる点は、軸部が嵌合される凹状嵌合部が複数形成されている点と、凹状嵌合部１２ａ間の先端面１１ｂ´に固定台部１１ｂの外側面で開口するスリット部４５が形成されている点である。
【００４５】
以上のように本実施の形態３の有床義歯及びそれに用いられる有床義歯固定具は構成されているので、実施の形態１で得られる作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）有床義歯固定具の固定台部の先端面で開口する凹状嵌合部が複数形成されているので、複数の嵌合部等を凹状嵌合部に嵌入して固定することができ、安定性をより高めることができる。
（２）歯冠補綴具の２つの嵌合部を結ぶ線が上顎部の対向する隆起部に向いて支台歯に被着されているとともに、歯冠補綴具に対応する有床義歯の義歯床の所定位置に複数の凹状嵌合部が形成された有床義歯固定具が埋入固定されているので、安定性が高められ、咬合時に働く回転方向の力（図１３の矢印方向に働く力）によって歯冠補綴具が固定されていない顎部の隆起部から義歯床が離れ易くなるのを防止することができ安定性に優れる。
（３）有床義歯固定具のスリット部が形成された凹状嵌合部間の固定台部は薄く、また弾性材料で形成されているので、スリット部で固定台部を容易に切り離すことができ、術者が現場で症例に応じて１乃至複数の凹状嵌合部を有する有床義歯固定具を作成することができ自在性に優れる。
（４）有床義歯固定具のスリット部は固定台部の外側面で開口しているので、義歯床に埋入する場合、レジン等の接着剤がスリット部内にも充填されてアンカー効果が付与され、抜け止め力が働き維持力が高められる。
（５）有床義歯固定具のスリット部が、固定台部の高さに対し１／３〜９／１０の深さで形成されているので、切断し易く、かつ、スリット部の形成された固定台部の機械的強度が大きく破損し難い。
【００４６】
なお、本実施の形態においては、顎部に１つの歯冠補綴具が配設固定された場合について説明したが、患者の症例に応じて複数の歯冠補綴具を配設固定する場合もある。また、有床義歯固定具に溝部が形成される場合もある。
【００４７】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明の有床義歯によれば、以下のような有利な効果が得られる。
請求項１に記載の発明によれば、
（１）有床義歯固定具の固定台部が合成樹脂製や合成ゴム製で形成され弾性を有しているので、凹状嵌合部への嵌合部等の着脱時や咬合時に凹状嵌合部が変形し、着脱を容易にするとともに咬合による垂直運動及び水平運動を緩衝し安定性を高めることができ、さらに凹状嵌合部の内壁の切削が容易で維持力の最適化が容易な有床義歯を提供することができる。
（２）口内に固定された嵌合部や嵌合固定部と着脱自在な有床義歯固定具が埋入固定された義歯床を備えているので、口内への着脱が容易な有床義歯を提供することができる。
（３）有床義歯固定具が義歯床に埋入固定され継ぎ目がなく部品点数も少ないので、口臭や炎症等の原因となる食べ物のカス等が詰まり難く清潔性に優れた有床義歯を提供することができる。
（４）有床義歯固定具が義歯床に埋入固定されているので、口内に装着すると口内に固定された嵌合部や嵌合固定部が義歯床に隠れ外観に優れた有床義歯を提供することができる。
（５）義歯床は容易に加工できるので、有床義歯固定具の弾性等が劣化し装着性が低下した場合は、義歯床や接着剤を切削して古い有床義歯固定具だけを取り出し新しいものと交換することができ、義歯床全体を新たに作り直すコストと手間を要さず患者への負担が小さな有床義歯を提供することができる。
（６）口内に固定された嵌合固定部や嵌合部が未咬合時には空洞部内で移動自在な深さに有床義歯固定具が義歯床に埋入固定されているので、義歯床が口内の粘膜を圧迫して患者に不快感を与えることがなく快適な装着感が得られる有床義歯を提供することができる。
【００５２】
【００５３】
【００５４】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 実施の形態１における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具が支台歯に被着された状態を示す要部断面図
【図２】 実施の形態１における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具の要部断面図及び底面図
【図３】 有床義歯固定具の埋入固定された有床義歯が歯冠補綴具に固定された状態を示す要部断面図
【図４】 実施の形態１における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具を製造する補綴型作成工程を説明する要部断面図
【図５】 歯冠補綴具を製造する鋳造工程を説明する鋳型の要部断面図
【図６】 実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具が支台歯に被着された状態を示す要部断面図
【図７】（ａ） 実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具の正面図
（ｂ） 実施の形態２における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具の要部側面断面図及び底面図
【図８】 有床義歯固定具が埋入固定された有床義歯が歯冠補綴具に固定された状態を示す要部断面図
【図９】 実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具の要部断面図
【図１０】 実施の形態３の他の応用例を示す歯冠補綴具の要部断面図
【図１１】 実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯固定具の要部断面図
【図１２】 実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる歯冠補綴具が支台歯に被着された顎部の要部模式図
【図１３】 実施の形態３における有床義歯に用いられる有床義歯と歯冠補綴具との嵌合の様子を示す要部断面模式図
【符号の説明】
１，１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃ 歯冠補綴具
２ 顎部
３ 支台歯
４，４ａ，４ｃ 台部
４ｂ 当接平面
４’ 立設面
５，５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃ 軸部
６ 嵌合部
１０，１０ａ，１０ｂ 有床義歯固定具
１１，１１ａ，１１ｂ 固定台部
１１´，１１ａ´，１１ｂ´ 先端面
１２，１２ａ 凹状嵌合部
１３ 空洞部
１４ 終端部
１５ 嵌入孔部
１６ 開口縁部
１７，１７ａ，１７ｂ 維持力表示部
１８，１８ａ 凹溝
１９ａ，１９ｃ 基台部
１９ｂ，１９ｄ 先端部
２０ 有床義歯
２１ 義歯床
２２ 埋入孔
２３ 接着剤
３０ 補綴型
３１ 陽型
３２ 蝋製台部
３３ 軸装着用凹部
３４ 蝋製軸基部
３５ 蝋製軸部
３６ 蝋製嵌合部
４０ 鋳型
４０ａ 埋没材
４１ 湯道
４２ 湯口
４３ 溝部
４４ ガイド部
４４ａ 軸部ガイド部
４５ スリット部
４６ 内壁面
４７ 凹溝
４８ 上顎部
４８ａ 隆起部
４９ 有床義歯
４９ａ 義歯床[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present inventionDenture with dentureIt is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  Conventionally, various maintenance devices for preventing the denture from moving or coming off have been used for a denture that is used when one or more teeth are missing.
  For example, a maintenance device (hereinafter referred to as “No. 1 device”) that holds a tooth such as a natural tooth by holding it with a metal made cage is used.
[0003]
  As another technique, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-319750 (hereinafter referred to as “B”) discloses “a convex maintaining member that has a fitting portion and is planted in an extraction cavity of a jawbone or a newly cut cavity, There is disclosed a "maintenance device for a floor denture" comprising a concave maintenance member having a concave fitting portion that is disposed on a denture base of a floor denture and into which a fitting portion is fitted.
[0004]
  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-170081 (hereinafter referred to as “C”) discloses that “a. A mail including a fixing portion fixed to a tooth root and the like, b. A housing including a housing member and a rider portion. And a floor denture attachment comprising:
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, the above conventional techniques have the following problems.
(1) The device No. 1 had a problem that the eyelashes were exposed on the surface of the tooth decay, especially when the eyelashes were incisors and premolars, and the eyelashes were conspicuous at the mouth, thus lacking aesthetics. .
(2) Due to the denture base of the denture, mucous membrane subsidence, rolling, etc., the lateral force may be applied to the tooth that the arm is holding, and the tooth may be shaken or extracted. It had the problem that. This is because alveolar bone and periodontal ligament that support the roots of natural teeth have some strength against vertical force but are relatively fragile against side force.
(3) The technique disclosed in the Japanese Patent Publication No. B requires that a convex maintenance member be implanted in the extraction fossa of the jawbone or a newly cut cavity, which requires a large-scale treatment and a high cost burden on the patient. Had.
(4) Since the shape of the convex shape maintaining member is restricted, there is a problem that there is little room for an operator (dentist or dental technician) to enter the creative application and the number of applicable cases is limited.
(5) In the technique disclosed in the publication No. C, the fixing portion is fixed to a metal crown or the like by casting or the like, so that the fixing strength becomes a problem and durability tends to be lowered, and further, the fixing position is restricted and the surgeon's There was a problem that there was little room for creative application and the number of applicable cases was limited.
(6) Since the fixing part is fixed to the metal crown or the like by casting or the like, if the material of the fixing part is different from the material of the metal crown using a metal crown formed by baking the porcelain on the surface, During the baking, there is a problem that distortion occurs due to the difference in thermal expansion between the metal crown and the fixed portion, and the fixed strength of the fixed portion is lowered and the durability is insufficient.
(7) Since the housing portion is included, there is a problem in that food residue or the like is easily clogged in a fine gap between the housing portion and the rider portion, which is likely to cause bad breath or inflammation.
(8) The technology disclosed in the No. 1 device or C publication performs the attachment / detachment of the bed denture by attaching / detaching to / from the toothed tooth of the heel and controlling the maintenance force of the bed denture by the operator's experience. However, since the maintenance force is too large, it is difficult to detach the denture, or the maintenance force is too small to easily detach.
(9) The technology disclosed in No. 2 or No. 3 has a problem that when the denture base is attached, the denture base and the mucous membrane in the mouth are in close contact with each other. Had.
[0006]
  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, is easy to put on and take off in the mouth, is excellent in cleanliness and appearance, and is comfortable without the denture base compressing the mucous membrane in the mouth and causing discomfort to the patient. An object of the present invention is to provide a denture having a comfortable fit.
[0007]
  In order to solve the above conventional problems, the present inventionDenture with dentureHas the following configuration.
[0008]
  The denture according to claim 1 of the present invention includes (a) a synthetic resin or synthetic rubber fixed base and (b) a base embedded in a jaw or attached to an abutment. Integrates with the other end of each of one or more shafts formed integrally with the base of the fitting fixing part fixed to the base or the metal crown prosthesis attached to the abutment tooth The fitting part formed in the detachable fit is opened at the front end surface of the fixed base part and the terminal part is closedThe length is longer than the height of the fitting fixing part or the fitting part.A denture fixing device having a floor and a concave fitting portion having a hollow portionIs temporarily fixed to the embedding hole with an adhesive, and is attached to the jaw portion before the adhesive is hardened, and is engaged, and the fitting fixing portion or the fitting portion is fitted to the concave fitting portion. By curing the adhesive in a stateThe fitting fixing part or the fitting part inserted into the concave fitting part comes into contact with the end of the cavity part at the time of occlusion, and in the cavity part at the time of non-occlusion.On the insertion hole sideEmbedded and fixed at a movable depthShiIt has the structure provided with the denture base.
  With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the fixed base of the denture fixing device is made of synthetic resin or synthetic rubber and has elasticity, it is recessed when fitting or detaching the fitting to the concave fitting. The part is deformed, it is easy to attach and detach, and the vertical and horizontal movements due to occlusion can be buffered to improve stability, and the inner wall of the concave fitting part can be easily cut and the maintenance force can be optimized easily. .
(2) Since the denture base in which the fitting portion fixed in the mouth and the fitting and fixing portion and the removable denture fixing tool that is detachable is embedded and fixed is provided, the attachment and detachment in the mouth is easy.
(3) Since the denture fixing tool is embedded and fixed in the denture base and there are no joints and the number of parts is small, it is difficult to clog food debris that causes bad breath, inflammation, etc. and is excellent in cleanliness.
(4) Since the denture fixing tool is embedded and fixed in the denture base, when fitted in the mouth, the fitting portion and the fitting fixing portion fixed in the mouth are hidden in the denture base and excellent in appearance.
(5) Since the denture base can be easily processed, if the elasticity of the plate denture fixture deteriorates, causing a sense of discomfort and lowering the wearability, cut the denture base or adhesive and remove only the old denture base fixture. It can be taken out and replaced with a new one, and the burden on the patient is small without the cost and labor of recreating the entire denture base.
(6) The denture base is inserted and fixed in the denture base at a depth that can be moved within the cavity when the fitting fixing part and the fitting part fixed in the mouth are not occluded. A comfortable wearing feeling can be obtained without causing discomfort to the patient by compressing the mucous membrane of the patient.
[0009]
  here,As the shape of the fixed base portion, various shapes such as a prismatic shape, a cylindrical shape, a truncated pyramid shape, a truncated cone shape, and combinations thereof are used. In particular, if it is formed narrower toward the tip, such as a truncated pyramid or truncated cone, it will retain when it is embedded in the denture base using an adhesive such as a resin. Is preferable because of the increase. Furthermore, if a groove is formed on the outer surface of the fixed base portion that is substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the fitting portion is attached to and detached from the concave fitting portion, an adhesive such as a resin bites into the groove when embedded in the denture base. It is preferable because the fixing base is less likely to drop off from the denture base and the maintenance force is further increased.
  As the abutment tooth, a natural tooth, an artificial tooth root embedded in the jaw, or the like is used. When the abutment tooth is a natural tooth, it is preferable to cut the predetermined part into a shape that the base part is easy to attach. Thereby, the adhesion stability of the dental crown prosthesis can be improved, and it is possible to improve the calmness and to prevent it from shaking.
[0010]
  The crown prosthesis is made of a metal base attached to the abutment tooth, one or more shaft parts whose base parts are formed integrally with the base part, and the other end part of each of the shaft parts. Since the base portion, the shaft portion, and the fitting portion that are attached to the abutment teeth are integrally formed, the operator's It can be formed into any shape by creative application, and is excellent in flexibility. Therefore, it can be applied to various cases. In addition, since the base portion, the shaft portion, and the fitting portion that are attached to the abutment teeth are made of metal and formed integrally, the mechanical strength is large and the durability is excellent.
  As the base part, a crown made of metal that covers the abutment tooth and approaches the shape of the original tooth, or a metal such as a front crown with porcelain or resin attached to the entire surface or part of the crown A crown, a bridge bridged by a plurality of metal crowns, a root face plate formed so as to cover the root face, an extension board extending from a metal crown, a bridge, or the like is used.
  The metal material on which the pedestal and the like are formed includes a gold alloy such as 20K platinum alloy, a silver alloy such as a gold-palladium-silver alloy, a nickel-chromium alloy, a cobalt-chromium alloy, a titanium alloy, a gold-based material, and a palladium-based material. A material having a high mechanical strength and a chemically stable material such as an alloy for porcelain (such as porcelain metal) such as nickel is used.
[0011]
  The fitting and fixing portion is formed in various shapes having a bulging surface on the tip side such as a spherical shape, a hemispherical shape, a bullet shape, a hemispherical shape or a combination of a bullet shape and a cylindrical shape, and is fitted into the concave fitting portion. A head having a head (for example, those described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2001-170081 and 58-92348) is used, and a neck portion fixed to or integrated with the head is provided as necessary. Can also be used.
  As the shape of the fitting portion, various shapes having a bulging surface on the tip side such as a spherical shape, a hemispherical shape, a bullet shape, a hemispherical shape or a shape combining a bullet shape and a cylindrical shape are used. In particular, when the fitting portion is formed in a spherical shape, it is easy to attach and detach the fitting portion, and the control of the maintenance force is easy and the degree of freedom is high. The force in the direction can be uniformly dispersed, and the force acting in the rotational direction due to mucosal settlement or the like can be rotated and buffered by the fitting portion as a fulcrum, so that it is preferably used.
[0012]
  As the shaft portion, a cylindrical shape, a columnar shape, a prismatic shape, or the like that is thinner than the outer diameter of the fitting portion is used. Thereby, while being able to fit a fitting part reliably, the maintenance force at the time of attachment / detachment can be easily controlled with the outer diameter and shape of a fitting part, and it is preferable.
  The shaft portion is formed orthogonal to the standing surface of the base portion.
  As the concave fitting portion, a hollow portion that is formed inside the fixing base portion and accommodates the fitting portion or the fitting fixing portion, and a fitting hole portion that communicates with the hollow portion and opens at the front end surface of the fixing base portion. The thing provided with, is used.
  A position corresponding to the fitting portion or the fitting fixing portion fixed in the mouth is used as the predetermined portion in which the bedded denture fixing tool is embedded and fixed. If it is a position corresponding to a fitting part etc., a base denture fixing tool can be fixed to one thru / or several places of a denture base.
As a method of fixing the denture fixing device to the denture base, an embedding hole that is slightly larger than the external shape of the denture fixing device is formed at the position of the denture base corresponding to the fitting portion and the fitting fixing portion. Then, after inserting the denture fixing tool into the embedding hole, it is preferable to fill and fix the gap between the embedding hole and the denture fixing tool using an adhesive such as a resin. This is because it is possible to fix the denture fixing device at a precise position of the denture base while confirming the positional relationship between the fitting portion or the fitting fixing portion and the denture fixing device.
As a cavity part with which a concave fitting part is provided, the length is formed longer than the thickness of the fitting fixing part or the fitting part. Further, the cross-sectional shape substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the hollow portion is formed substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the fitting fixing portion or the fitting portion, and the fitting fixing portion or the fitting portion is movable.
  The material of the fixing base is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, methacrylic resin, thermoplastic elastomer such as EPDM or polyurethane, acrylic resin, silicone resin, silicone rubber, or other synthetic resin or synthetic rubber having elasticity. Made of product is used.
[0014]
  Here, the floor denture fixing device is fixed to (a) a synthetic resin or synthetic rubber fixing base, and (b) a base whose base is embedded in the jaw or attached to the abutment tooth. A recessed fitting portion formed on the fixed base portion in which the fitting fixing portion or the fitting portion according to claim 1 is detachably inserted; and (c) concentrically with the concave fitting portion. A configuration comprising: a fitting force portion attached to a distal end surface of the fixing base portion and fitted into the concave fitting portion, or a maintenance force display portion serving as a guideline of a maintenance force when the fitting portion is detached. If so, the surgeon will use the retention force indicator as a guideline, and the operator will be able to It is possible to adjust the maintenance force optimally by increasing the diameter, which is excellent in flexibility and easy to install.
[0015]
  The hollow portion has an inner diameter that is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the fitting portion or the like, and a depth that is substantially the same as or larger than the thickness of the fitting portion or the like. When the hollow portion is formed to a depth greater than the thickness of the fitting portion or the like, the fitting portion or the like can be moved within the hollow portion, and the denture base of the floor denture to which the floor denture fixing device is fixed is food. It is possible to cope with sinking when chewing or the like, and when it is not bitten, the denture base can be held away from the mucous membrane in the mouth, and the flexibility is increased, which is preferable.
  As the fitting hole portion, one having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the fitting portion or the like is used. Thereby, at the time of detachment | desorption of a fitting part etc., the opening edge part of a fitting hole part prevents that a fitting part etc. are remove | desorbed easily, and a maintenance force generate | occur | produces.
[0016]
  As the maintenance force display section, one or more lines, dots, patterns, etc. are printed, engraved, or convex or grooved concentrically on the distal end surface of the fixed base part on the outer periphery of the concave fitting part. The one attached or formed by drawing or the like is used.
  The maintenance force display unit obtained by projecting the inner diameter of the cavity onto the distal end surface of the fixed base unit is a guideline for the maintenance force of 0 g, and as the display position of the maintenance force display unit is brought closer to the insertion hole, the maintenance force display unit is used as a guideline. be able to. This is because as the fitting hole is cut so that the inner diameter becomes larger, the fitting portion and the like are easily detached and the maintenance force becomes smaller. Therefore, the position of the maintenance force display part can be easily set by examining the relationship between the maintenance force when the fitting part or the like inserted into the concave fitting part is detached and the size of the inner diameter of the insertion hole part. Can do.
  In addition, as a range of the maintenance force which a maintenance force display part displays, 0-500g is used suitably. It is because the load capacity of the maintenance force per healthy tooth decay (abutment tooth) is set to 350 to 500 g.
[0018]
  Claim1A plate denture fixing device used for the plate denture according to claim 1.Is, A plurality of the concave fitting portions are formed to open at the front end surface of the fixed base portion, and are formed between the concave fitting portions of the front end surface of the fixed base portion and open at an outer surface of the fixed base portion. It has the structure provided with the slit part.
  With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since a plurality of concave fitting portions opened at the front end surface of the fixing base portion are formed, a plurality of fitting portions and the like can be fitted and fixed in the concave fitting portions, and the stability is further improved. be able to.
(2) The fixing base between the concave fitting parts where the slits are formed is thin, and when it is made of synthetic resin or synthetic rubber, the fixing base can be easily separated by the slits. A person can create a floor denture fixing device having one to a plurality of concave fitting portions according to a case on site, and is excellent in flexibility.
(3) Since the slit portion is opened on the outer surface of the fixed base portion, when embedding in the denture base, an adhesive such as a resin is also filled in the slit portion to provide an anchor effect, and the retaining force is increased. Increase work retention.
[0019]
  Here, the slit portion is preferably formed to a depth of 1/3 to 9/10, preferably 1/2 to 4/5 with respect to the height of the fixed base portion. As the depth of the slit portion becomes smaller than 1/2 of the height of the fixed base portion, cutting becomes difficult and a tendency to slit is observed. As the slit portion becomes larger than 4/5, the machine of the fixed base portion in which the slit portion is formed. This is not preferable because the mechanical strength tends to be small and easily broken. In particular, when the depth of the slit portion is smaller than 1/3 or larger than 9/10 with respect to the height of the fixed base portion, these tendencies become remarkable, so that neither is preferable.
  In addition, if the inner wall surface of the slit part is inclined and formed narrow toward the base of the fixed base part, even when the fixed base part is cut off, it is prevented from coming off with an adhesive such as a resin when embedded in the denture base. It is preferable because the power works and the maintenance power increases. Furthermore, it is preferable to form a groove substantially perpendicular to the recessed fitting portion on the inner wall surface of the slit portion, since the adhesive bites into the groove when it is embedded in the denture base and the maintenance force is further increased.
  Since the fixed base part and the concave fitting part are the same as those described in claim 2, the description thereof is omitted.
[0020]
  Also,Denture fixing deviceIsThe fixing base part has a configuration including a groove part that communicates with the concave fitting part and opens at the front end surface and the outer side surface of the fixing base part.
  With this configuration,The following effects are obtained.
(1) Since the shaft portion or neck portion of the crown prosthesis or the like is positioned in the groove portion, the fitting portion or the like can be fitted into the concave fitting portion while passing the shaft portion or the like through the groove portion. The fitting portion fixed to the mouth and the abutment tooth at various angles and the denture fixing tool can be freely attached and detached, and the flexibility is excellent.
[0021]
  Here, the length of the groove portion (the distance from the outer surface of the fixed base portion to the concave fitting portion) is slightly shorter or substantially the same as the length of the shaft portion or the neck portion. Thereby, a shaft part and a neck part can be passed through a groove part, and a fitting part etc. can be made to fit in a concave fitting part certainly.
  The width of the groove part can be the same as the thickness of the shaft part or neck part or smaller than the outer diameter of the fitting part or fitting fixing part. Accordingly, the fitting portion and the fitting fixing portion inserted into the concave fitting portion are stably held in the concave fitting portion without being detached from the groove portion, and the maintenance force at the time of detachment of the fitting portion and the like is increased. Since it depends only on the size of the concave fitting portion, the maintenance force can be easily controlled.
[0022]
  Also,Denture fixing deviceIsThe fixing base portion has a configuration including a fitting hole portion formed in the distal end surface where the concave fitting portion opens and / or a guide portion for expanding the outer surface of the groove portion.
  With this configuration,The following effects are obtained.
(1) The concave fitting portion is difficult to fit because the inner diameter of the fitting hole portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the fitting portion or the fitting fixing portion, but has a guide portion. Can be easily fitted into the concave fitting portion or the groove portion, and the denture with the denture fixing tool fixed thereto can be easily mounted in the mouth.
[0023]
  Here, as the guide portion, an inclined surface formed in a mortar shape or the like is used so as to remove the fitting hole portion formed on the distal end surface of the fixed base portion or the corner portion of the opening edge portion of the groove portion.
[0024]
[0025]
[0026]
[0027]
[0028]
  A method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis includes a positive mold creating step for taking a impression of an abutment tooth and creating a positive mold, and a base attached to the abutment tooth on the positive mold created in the positive mold creating step. After the mold of the part is made of wax, a prosthetic mold creating step of creating a prosthetic mold by fixing a wax shaft part in which a wax fitting part is fixed or integrally formed to a predetermined part of the mold, and creating the prosthetic mold A mold creation step for creating a mold by burying the prosthetic mold created in the process in an investment material, and a casting step for injecting molten metal into the mold created in the mold creation step. is doing.
  With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since it has a prosthetic mold creation process, the shaft part and the fitting part can be formed by arbitrarily selecting the angle, size, quantity, etc. at the desired position of the base part, and the degree of freedom in design Therefore, it is possible to make full use of the original application of the surgeon according to the case and is excellent in flexibility.
(2) Since the casting process is included, the dental crown prosthesis can be integrally formed of metal and has excellent mechanical strength.
(3) Conventional equipment and materials for creating a crown prosthesis can be used as they are, and the base, shaft, and fitting are made of wax, so that no equipment load is required and cost is high. Excellent.
[0029]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  (Embodiment 1)
  FIG. 1 shows the first embodiment.Used for dentureFIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which a crown prosthesis is attached to an abutment tooth, and FIG.Used for dentureFIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the denture fixing device and a bottom view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing a state in which the fixed denture embedded in the denture fixing device is fixed to the crown prosthesis. is there.
  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes the first embodiment.Used for dentureCrown prosthesis, 2 jaws, gingiva, mucous membrane, etc., jaws where natural teeth are planted, 3 abutment teeth, such as molars, planted in jaws 2, 4 is 20K platinum It is made of metal such as gold alloy such as gold, silver alloy such as gold-palladium-silver alloy, etc., and is formed in a substantially flat plate shape. A base portion 4 4 ′ made of an attached root face plate is formed in a plane perpendicular to the occlusal direction of the base portion 4, and a standing surface on which a shaft portion is erected. A columnar shaft portion such as a columnar shape formed on the standing surface 4 'and substantially parallel to the planting direction of the abutment tooth 3, 6 is formed integrally with the other end portion of the shaft portion 5, and has an outer diameter of the shaft. It is a spherical fitting part formed larger than the outer diameter of the part 5.
[0030]
  In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 denotes the first embodiment.Used for dentureA plate denture fixing device 11 is formed of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene by combining a substantially square shape with a substantially square base and a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape narrower toward the tip surface 11 '. The fixed base part, 12 is a concave fitting part formed on the front end surface 11 'of the fixing base part 11, 13 is a hollow part of the concave fitting part 12 formed in a columnar shape, and 14 is a cylindrical hollow part 13 The end portion 15 of the cavity portion 13 that is closed and formed in a hemispherical shape, 15 is an insertion hole of the concave fitting portion 12 that is formed in a circular shape that communicates with the cavity portion 13 and opens at the distal end surface 11 ′ of the fixing base portion 11. , 16 is an opening edge portion of the concave fitting portion 12 in which one end of the hollow portion 13 is reduced in diameter to form the fitting hole portion 15, and 17 is a fixed base portion concentrically with the fitting hole portion 15 of the concave fitting portion 12. 11 is a maintenance force display unit that is grooved and linearly attached to 11. Reference numeral 17a denotes a maintenance force display portion that is a guideline of the maintenance force 0g obtained by projecting the inner diameter of the cavity portion 13 onto the fixed base portion 11, and 17b denotes a substantially intermediate portion between the fitting hole portion 15 and the maintenance force display portion 17a. This is a maintenance force display unit. In the present embodiment, the maintenance force when the fitting portion 6 of the crown prosthesis 1 is fitted to the concave fitting portion 12 having the cavity portion 13, the fitting hole portion 15, and the opening edge portion 16 is about 500 g. The material of the fixed base 11, the thickness of the opening edge 16, the size of the inner diameter of the fitting hole 15, etc. are set so that the maintenance force display part 17 b is set so that the maintenance force is about 350 g. Has been. The maintenance force display portion 17 is displayed by drawing one or several circles equally with the inner diameter of the hollow portion 13 as the maximum diameter and the shaft portion 5 of the spherical fitting portion 6 as the minimum diameter. The maintenance force is 0, the minimum diameter is the maximum, and the maintenance force is expressed by one to several circles therebetween. Reference numeral 18 denotes a concave groove whose cross section is formed in a rectangular groove shape over the entire circumference on the outer surface on the base side of the fixed base portion 11.
[0031]
  In FIG. 3, 20 is a denture base in the first embodiment, 21 is a denture base in which artificial teeth (not shown) are planted and formed by a resin for flooring, and 22 is a denture base 10 on the denture base 21. An embedding hole formed in a rectangular shape that is slightly larger than the fixing base portion 11, and a resin 23 filled in the embedding hole 22 for fixing the denture fixing device 10 embedded in the embedding hole 22. Adhesive.
  In the present embodiment, the depth of the concave fitting portion 12 (the distance from the front end of the fixing base portion 11 to the terminal portion 14) of the denture fixing device 10 with the base is the base portion of the shaft portion 5 of the crown prosthesis 1. To the tip of the fitting 6 (l1), And the length (l of the cavity 13 of the denture fixing device 102) Is the height (l of the fitting part 6 of the crown prosthesis 1).Three) Is formed longer than. Further, when the surface of the denture base 21 comes into contact with the jaw 2, the tip surface 11 ′ of the bed denture fixing device 10 comes into contact with the base portion 4 of the crown prosthesis 1. It is embedded and fixed in the denture base 21 at such a depth.
[0032]
  According to the first embodiment configured as described above.Used for dentureAbout the crown prosthesis and the plate denture fixing device, the usage method is demonstrated below.
  First, the base part 4 of the crown prosthesis 1 is attached to the abutment tooth 3 cut into a predetermined shape by cutting a predetermined part with dental cement or the like. The crown prosthesis 1 can be attached to one or more places. Next, an embedding hole 22 is formed at a position substantially corresponding to the crown prosthesis 1 attached to the abutment tooth 3 slightly deeper than the height of the bedded denture fixing device 10, and a resin is formed at the bottom of the embedding hole 22. Apply a small amount of adhesive. Next, after placing the denture fixing device 10 on the adhesive applied to the embedding hole 22 and temporarily fixing the denture fixing device 10 to the embedding hole 22, the denture denture before the adhesive is hardened. The fitting part 6 of the crown prosthesis 1 is fitted into the concave fitting part 12 of the denture fixing device 10 while being fitted to the jaw part 2 in the patient's mouth and biting. After the adhesive 23 applied to the embedding hole 22 is hardened and the base denture fixing device 10 is completely fixed to the embedding hole 22, the occlusion is stopped and the concave fitting portion 12 of the floor denture fixing device 10 is stopped. Then, the fitting portion 6 of the crown prosthesis 1 is removed, and the plate denture 20 is removed from the jaw 2 in the patient's mouth. Next, an adhesive 23 such as a resin is filled in the gap between the embedding hole 22 and the fixing base part 11 of the denture fixing device 10 and cured, and the denture fixing device 10 is formed on the denture base 21. Fully embedded and fixed in the hole 22.
  The maintenance force of the denture 20 is inserted by cutting the opening edge 16 using a dental grinder or the like according to the patient's case, using the maintenance force display parts 17a and 17b attached to the fixed base part 11 as a guide. Adjustment is made by increasing the inner diameter of the hole 15. The adjustment of the maintenance force can be performed after fixing the denture fixing device 10 to the denture base 21 and before fixing.
[0033]
  As described above, the first embodimentPlated denture and fixed denture fixture used thereforSince is constructed, the following effects are obtained.
(1) The crown prosthesis is integrally formed with the base part, shaft part, and fitting part to be attached to the abutment tooth, so it can be freely formed according to the original application of the surgeon. Therefore, it can be applied to various cases.
(2) Since the base part, the shaft part, and the fitting part to be attached to the abutment tooth are made of metal and integrally formed, the dental crown prosthesis has a large mechanical strength and excellent durability.
(3) Since the denture fixing device has a maintenance force display part, the surgeon increases the inner diameter of the concave fitting part at the site according to the case, using the maintenance force display part as a guide, and increases the maintenance force. It can be adjusted optimally, and is excellent in flexibility and can be easily mounted.
(4) Since the fixing base portion of the denture fixing device is made of synthetic resin or synthetic rubber and has elasticity, the concave fitting portion is not attached when the fitting portion is attached to or detached from the concave fitting portion. Deformation and attachment / detachment can be facilitated, and vertical and horizontal movements caused by occlusion can be buffered to improve stability. Further, the inner wall of the concave fitting portion can be easily cut, and the maintenance force can be optimized easily.
(5) Since the fixing base of the denture fixing tool is formed narrow toward the distal end surface, the retaining force works and is maintained when it is embedded in the denture base using an adhesive such as resin. You can increase your power.
(6) Since a recessed groove substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the fitting portion is attached to and detached from the concave fitting portion is formed on the outer surface of the fixed base portion of the denture fixing tool, the implant is inserted into the denture base. An adhesive such as a resin bites into the concave groove, and the fixing base is less likely to drop off from the denture base, and the maintenance force can be further increased.
(7) The depth of the concave fitting portion of the denture fixing device (the distance from the distal end surface of the fixing base portion to the terminal portion) is the height from the base portion of the shaft portion of the crown prosthesis device to the distal end of the fitting portion. (L1) And slightly deeper than the length of the cavity (l2) Is the height (l of the fitting part of the crown prosthesis)Three), And when the denture base is in contact with the jaw, the tip surface of the denture base is placed on the base of the dental prosthesis. Since it is embedded and fixed in the denture base at such a depth that it abuts, the fitting part can move within the cavity when it is not occluded. A comfortable wearing feeling is obtained without giving a pleasant feeling.
(8) Since the fitting portion of the crown prosthesis and the removable denture fixing tool that is detachable are embedded and fixed to the denture base of the denture, it can be easily attached to and detached from the mouth.
(9) Since a denture denture is embedded and fixed in the denture base without any joints and has a small number of parts, the denture denture is excellent in cleanliness because it is difficult to clog food debris that causes bad breath and inflammation.
(10) Since the denture base is fixed in the denture base, the mating portion and the mating fixing portion fixed in the mouth are hidden in the denture base and excellent in appearance. .
(11) Since the denture base of the denture base can be easily processed, when the elasticity of the base denture fixture deteriorates and the wearability is lowered, the adhesive or denture base is cut to remove the old denture base fixture. It can be taken out and replaced with a new one, and the burden on the patient is small without the cost and labor of recreating the entire denture base.
[0034]
  Although the case where the abutment tooth 3 is a natural tooth has been described in the present embodiment, the same applies to the case of an artificial tooth root or the like embedded in the jaw 2. Moreover, although the base denture fixing device 10 demonstrated the case where the fitting part 6 of the crown prosthesis 1 which has the base part 4 attached to the abutment tooth 3 was fitted, the base is the jaw part 2. It is also possible to fit a fitting fixing portion fixed to a base portion embedded in or attached to the abutment tooth 3. In this case, the same effect can be obtained.
[0035]
  next,Used for dentureA method for manufacturing a crown prosthesis will be described with reference to the drawings.
  FIG. 4 shows the first embodiment.Used for dentureIt is principal part sectional drawing of the prosthetic type | mold explaining the prosthetic type | mold production process which manufactures a dental crown prosthesis, FIG. 5: is principal part sectional drawing explaining the casting process which manufactures a dental crown prosthesis. In addition, the thing similar to what was demonstrated in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 3 is attached | subjected, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
  In FIG. 4, 30 is a prosthetic mold of the crown prosthesis 1, 31 is a positive mold created by taking the impression of the abutment tooth 3, 32 is a wax base formed of wax on the positive mold 31, and 33 is A shaft mounting recess formed in a predetermined portion of the wax base 32, 34 is a wax shaft base formed of wax and fixed to the shaft mounting recess 33, and 35 is formed integrally with the wax shaft base 34. A wax shaft portion 36 is a wax fitting portion formed in a spherical shape integral with the wax shaft portion 35.
  In FIG. 5, reference numeral 40 denotes a mold in which the prosthetic mold 30 is embedded in the heat-resistant investment material 40 a of the crown prosthesis 1, and 41 denotes a gold alloy such as 20 K platinum alloyed gold in the runway 42, a gold-palladium-silver alloy A sprue formed to lead a molten metal such as a silver alloy such as 42 is a runner formed in communication with the storage portion of the prosthetic mold 30.
[0036]
  In the positive mold creating step, as shown in FIG. 4, the positive mold 31 is created by taking the impression of the abutment tooth 3. Next, in the prosthetic mold creation step, the wax shaft 32 in which the wax fitting part 36 is integrally formed after the wax base part 32 of the base part 4 to be attached to the abutment tooth 3 on the positive mold 31 is created. The prosthetic mold 30 is formed by fixing the wax shaft base 34 of the portion 35 to the shaft mounting recess 33.
  Next, in the mold making process, as shown in FIG. 5, the prosthetic mold 30 is buried in the investment material 40 a, and the runner 42 and the gate 41 are created to create the mold 40 in which the prosthetic mold 30 is buried. Next, the mold 40 is heated in a heating furnace to a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature at which the wax forming the prosthetic mold 30 is burned, and a cavity corresponding to the prosthetic mold 30 is formed in the mold 40.
  Next, in a casting process, a crown prosthesis formed of metal in a cavity corresponding to the prosthetic mold 30 buried in the mold 40 by pouring molten metal from the gate 41 using a method such as centrifugal casting or vacuum pressure casting. Create 1.
[0037]
  As described above, the present embodimentUsed for dentureSince the method for manufacturing a dental crown prosthesis is configured, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Since it has a prosthetic mold creation process, the shaft part and the fitting part can be formed by arbitrarily selecting the angle, size, quantity, etc. at the desired position of the base part, and the degree of freedom in design Therefore, it is possible to make full use of the original application of the surgeon according to the case and is excellent in flexibility.
(2) Since the casting process is included, the dental crown prosthesis can be integrally formed of metal and has excellent mechanical strength.
(3) Conventional equipment and materials for creating a crown prosthesis can be used as they are, and the base, shaft, and fitting are made of wax, so that no equipment load is required and cost is high. Excellent.
[0038]
  (Embodiment 2)
  FIG. 6 shows the second embodiment.Used for dentureIt is principal part sectional drawing which shows the state by which the crown prosthesis was attached to the abutment tooth, and Fig.7 (a) is in Embodiment 2.Used for dentureFIG. 7B is a front view of a floor denture fixing device, and FIG.Used for dentureFIGS. 8A and 8B are a side view and a bottom view of the main part of the plate denture fixing device, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main portion showing a state in which the plate denture in which the plate denture fixing device is embedded and fixed is fixed to the crown prosthesis. is there. In addition, the thing similar to what was demonstrated in Embodiment 1 attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description.
  6 and 8, 1a is the same as in the second embodiment.Used for dentureThe crown prosthesis 4a is made of a metal such as a gold alloy such as a 20K platinum alloy, a silver alloy such as a gold-palladium-silver alloy, etc. A base portion 4b made of a metal crown attached to the abutment tooth 3 formed by cutting is a contact plane formed in a plane substantially parallel to the occlusal direction on the side surface of the base portion 4a, and 5a has a base portion. It is a cylindrical shaft portion that is formed integrally with the contact plane 4b and is erected substantially perpendicular to the contact plane 4b.
[0039]
  2, 7 and 8, reference numeral 10a denotes the second embodiment.Used for dentureA plate denture fixing tool 11a is a fixing base portion made of synthetic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene. The fixed base portion 11a has a shape in which a base portion 19a formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having a narrow width toward a groove portion 43 (described later) and a distal end portion 19b formed in a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape are combined. The distal end portion 19b is started at a position corresponding to the upper side of the concave fitting portion 12. 43 is a groove portion that communicates with the cavity portion 13 of the concave fitting portion 12 and opens at the distal end surface 11a ′ and one outer surface of the fixing base portion 11a, and is formed wider than the outer diameter of the shaft portion 5a. A guide portion 44a formed on the tip surface 11a 'in a mortar shape that expands the diameter of the insertion hole 15 leaving the portion 16, and the diameter of the opening in the tip surface 11a' of the fixed base portion 11a of the groove 43 is increased (shaft portion). 5a is a shaft guide portion that guides 5a.
  In the present embodiment, the length (l of the hollow portion 13 of the plate denture fixing device 10aFour) Is the height (l of the fitting portion 6 of the crown prosthesis 1a).Five), And when the surface of the denture base 21 comes into contact with the jaw part 2 or the base part 4a of the crown prosthesis 1a, the dental prosthesis 1a The fitting part 6 is embedded and fixed in the denture base 21 at such a depth that the fitting part 6 contacts the terminal part 14 of the concave fitting part 12. Further, the base 19a of the denture fixing device 10a comes into contact with the contact flat surface 4b of the base 4a of the crown prosthesis 1a, and the wall surface of the tip 19b forms a gap corresponding to the angle α with the base 4a. It is fixed so as to be embedded. α is an angle of 0.5 ° to 45 °, preferably 1 to 30 °. As the angle becomes smaller than 1 °, the degree of freedom decreases, and as the angle becomes larger than 30 °, it tends to cause rattling, particularly when the angle is less than 0.5 ° or larger than 45 °. In this embodiment, it is formed at 5 ° to 12 °.
[0040]
  According to the second embodiment configured as described above.Used for dentureSince the usage method of the dental crown prosthesis and the denture fixing device is substantially the same as that described in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
  In the second embodiment configured as described aboveUsed for dentureThe difference between the crown prosthesis and the first embodiment is that the shaft portion 5a is erected substantially orthogonally to the planting direction of the abutment tooth 3. Also, in the second embodimentUsed for dentureThe point in which the denture fixing tool is different from that of the first embodiment is that the groove portion 43 is formed which is communicated with the concave fitting portion 12 and opens at the distal end surface 11a ′ and the outer surface of the fixing base portion 11a. The guide portion 44 and the shaft portion guide portion 44a are formed so as to increase the diameter of the fitting hole portion 15 and the groove portion 43 while leaving the opening edge portion 16 in the ′. Moreover, the point in which the denture in this Embodiment 2 differs from Embodiment 1 is that the base part 19a of the floor denture fixing device 10a contacts the contact plane 4b of the base part 4a of the crown prosthesis 1a. The wall surface of the tip 19b is embedded and fixed so as to form a gap corresponding to the angle α with the contact plane 4b.
[0041]
  As described above, the second embodimentPlated denture and fixed denture fixture used thereforIn addition to the action obtained in the first embodiment, the following action is obtained.
(1) Since the plate denture fixing device has the groove portion, the shaft portion of the crown prosthesis is positioned in the groove portion, and the fitting portion is made into the concave fitting portion while passing the shaft portion through the groove portion. Since it can be inserted, the fitting portion fixed to the mouth and the abutment tooth at various angles and the plate denture fixing tool can be freely attached and detached, and the flexibility is excellent.
(2) Since the floor denture fixing device has the guide portion and the groove portion guide portion, the fitting portion and the like can be easily fitted into the concave fitting portion and the groove portion, and the floor denture fixing device is fixed. It is possible to easily attach a denture with a denture to the mouth.
(3) The fixed base portion of the denture fixing tool has a base portion and a tip portion formed narrow from a position corresponding to the upper side of the concave fitting portion, and the wall surface of the tip portion is contacted. Since it is embedded and fixed so as to form a gap corresponding to the angle α with the tangent plane, it is equivalent to the angle α that the plate denture tries to rotate due to the sinking of the mucous membrane of the jaw during occlusion. Since the concave fitting part rotates and does not interfere with the fitting part as a fulcrum, the lateral force is applied to the abutment tooth with the crown prosthesis attached. It is difficult to prevent the abutment teeth from being shaken or extracted.
(4) Since the base portion of the denture fixing device is embedded and fixed in the denture so that it contacts the abutting plane of the base portion of the crown prosthesis device, when sticky food is bitten For example, the base prevents the denture base from rotating in the direction away from the mucous membrane of the jaw, and is excellent in stability.
(5) Since the base part of the fixing base part of the denture fixing device with a floor is formed narrow toward the groove part and the tip part is also formed narrowly, use an adhesive such as a resin. When it is placed in the denture base, the retaining force works and the maintenance force can be increased.
(6) Length of hollow portion of plate denture fixing device (lFour) Is the height (l of the fitting part of the crown prosthesis)Five), The denture fixing device has a concave fitting when the surface of the denture base comes into contact with the jaw or the base of the crown prosthesis. Since it is embedded and fixed in the denture base at such a depth that it abuts the terminal end of the joint, the fitting part can move within the cavity when it is not occluded, and the denture base of the bed denture will block the mucous membrane in the mouth. A comfortable wearing feeling can be obtained without causing discomfort to the patient by pressing.
[0042]
  In the present embodiment, the case where the abutting plane 4b of the base 4 is formed in a planar shape substantially parallel to the occlusal direction has been described. However, in some cases, the abutting plane 4b is not substantially parallel to the occlusal direction. In some cases, it may be formed to have various angles. Moreover, although the case where the crown prosthesis in which the fitting part is integrally formed is used as the one to be fitted to the plate denture fixing tool has been described, the base part is embedded in the jaw part or attached to the abutment tooth. It is also possible to use a commercially available one having a fitting and fixing portion fixed to the base portion.
[0043]
  (Embodiment 3)
  FIG. 9 shows the third embodiment.Used for dentureFIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a dental prosthesis, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a dental prosthesis, showing another application example of Embodiment 3, and FIG.Used for dentureIt is principal part sectional drawing of a base denture fixing tool, FIG.Used for dentureFIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a jaw part in which a crown prosthesis is attached to an abutment tooth. FIG.Used for dentureIt is a principal part cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the mode of a fitting with a base denture and a crown prosthesis. In addition, the thing similar to what was demonstrated in Embodiment 1 attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description.
  In FIG. 9, 1b is the same as in the third embodiment.Used for dentureThe crown prosthesis 5b is a cylindrical shaft portion having a base portion formed integrally with the pedestal portion 4 and erected in parallel with the abutment direction of the abutment teeth 3.
  In FIG. 10, 1c is a dental crown prosthesis which is another application example of Embodiment 3, and 4c is a metal crown attached to the abutment tooth 3 and an extending portion extending in a plate shape from the metal crown. The base parts 5c are cylindrical shaft parts having a base part formed integrally with the base part 4c and provided in a plurality substantially in parallel with the planting direction of the abutment teeth 3. Since the base part 4c has an extending part, the base part can be enlarged, and when the abutment tooth 3 is a side incisor with a small outer diameter, a plurality of shaft parts 5c are erected. Is suitable.
  In FIG. 11, 10b is the same as in the third embodiment.Used for dentureA base denture fixing tool 11b has a base portion 19c whose base portion is formed in a substantially rectangular shape and a distal end portion 19d formed in a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape toward the front end surface 11b 'made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene. The fixed base portion 12a is formed integrally on the front end surface 11b 'of the fixed base portion 11b, and a plurality of concave fitting portions 45 are formed on the front end surface 11b' of the concave fitting portion 12a. The slit portion 46 formed at a depth of 1/3 to 9/10 with respect to the height of the fixed base portion 11b and opened on the outer surface of the fixed base portion 11b is inclined narrowly toward the base portion of the fixed base portion 11b. The inner wall surface 47 of the formed slit portion 45 is a concave groove formed in a rectangular groove shape on the base side of the fixed base portion 11 b over the entire outer surface of the fixed base portion 11 b and the inner wall surface 46.
  In FIGS. 12 and 13, reference numeral 48 denotes an upper jaw part as a jaw part, and a crown prosthesis 1 b is attached to an abutment tooth 3 such as a molar tooth set in the upper jaw part 48. In the present embodiment, the crown prosthesis 1b is attached to the abutment tooth 3 so that the line connecting the two fitting portions 6 and 6 faces the raised portion 48a facing the upper jaw portion 48. . Reference numeral 49 denotes a denture denture mounted on the upper jaw 48, and the denture fixing device 10b is embedded and fixed at a predetermined position of the denture base 49a corresponding to the crown prosthesis 1b of the upper jaw 48.
[0044]
  According to the third embodiment configured as described above.Plated denture and fixed denture fixture used thereforSince the method of using is substantially the same as that described in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
  In Embodiment 3 configured as described aboveUsed for dentureThe crown prosthesis differs from the first embodiment in that a plurality of shaft portions are erected on the base portion. Also, in the third embodimentUsed for dentureThe point in which the denture fixing tool is different from that of the first embodiment is that a plurality of concave fitting portions into which the shaft portion is fitted are formed, and a fixed base portion on the tip surface 11b ′ between the concave fitting portions 12a. The slit part 45 opened on the outer surface of 11b is formed.
[0045]
  As described above, the third embodimentPlated denture and fixed denture fixture used thereforIn addition to the action obtained in the first embodiment, the following action is obtained.
(1) Since a plurality of concave fitting portions that are opened at the front end surface of the fixing base portion of the denture fixing device are formed, a plurality of fitting portions and the like can be fitted into the concave fitting portion and fixed. , Can improve the stability more.
(2) A denture of a bed denture corresponding to a crown prosthesis while a line connecting the two fitting portions of the crown prosthesis is attached to the abutment tooth toward the ridge facing the upper jaw. Since a floor denture fixing device having a plurality of concave fitting portions formed in a predetermined position on the floor is embedded and fixed, the stability is improved and the rotational force acting at the time of occlusion (acted in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 13). It is possible to prevent the denture base from being easily separated from the raised portion of the jaw portion where the crown prosthesis is not fixed by force), and the stability is excellent.
(3) Since the fixing base part between the concave fitting parts in which the slit part of the denture fixing tool is formed is thin and made of an elastic material, the fixing base part can be easily separated by the slit part. The surgeon can create a plate denture fixing device having one or more concave fitting portions according to the case in the field, and is excellent in flexibility.
(4) Since the slit portion of the denture fixing device is opened on the outer surface of the fixing base portion, when embedding in the denture base, an adhesive such as resin is also filled in the slit portion to provide an anchor effect. The retaining force works and the maintenance power is increased.
(5) Since the slit part of the denture fixing tool with a base is formed at a depth of 1/3 to 9/10 with respect to the height of the fixing base part, it is easy to cut and the slit part is formed. The mechanical strength of the fixed base is large and is not easily damaged.
[0046]
  In the present embodiment, the case where one crown prosthesis is disposed and fixed on the jaw has been described. However, a plurality of crown prostheses may be disposed and fixed depending on the patient's case. . Moreover, a groove part may be formed in a floor denture fixing tool.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, the present inventionDenture with dentureThe following advantageous effects can be obtained.
  According to the invention of claim 1,
(1) Since the fixed base of the denture fixing device is made of synthetic resin or synthetic rubber and has elasticity, it is recessed when fitting or detaching the fitting to the concave fitting. It is easy to cut and remove the inner wall of the concave fitting part and to optimize the maintenance force easily. A denture can be provided.
(2) Since it has a denture base in which a fitting portion fixed in the mouth and a fitting and fixing portion and a removable denture fixing tool that is detachable are embedded and fixed, a denture base that is easy to attach and detach to the mouth Can be provided.
(3) Since the denture fixing tool is embedded and fixed in the denture base, there are no joints and the number of parts is small, providing a denture with excellent cleanliness that prevents clogging of foods that cause bad breath and inflammation. can do.
(4) Since the base denture fixing device is embedded and fixed in the denture base, when it is installed in the mouth, the mating portion and the mating fixing portion fixed in the mouth are hidden in the denture base and have an excellent appearance. Can be provided.
(5) Since the denture base can be easily processed, if the elasticity of the denture fixing device deteriorates and its wearability deteriorates, the denture base or adhesive is cut and only the old denture fixing device is taken out and replaced with a new one. Therefore, it is possible to provide a denture having a small burden on the patient without requiring the cost and labor of recreating the entire denture base.
(6) The denture base is inserted and fixed in the denture base at a depth that can be moved within the cavity when the fitting fixing part and the fitting part fixed in the mouth are not occluded. It is possible to provide a denture with dentures that can provide a comfortable feeling without causing discomfort to the patient by compressing the mucous membrane.
[0052]
[0053]
[0054]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is the same as in the first embodiment.Used for dentureCross-sectional view of relevant parts showing a state in which the crown prosthesis is attached to the abutment tooth
FIG. 2 in the first embodimentUsed for dentureCross-sectional view and bottom view of the essential parts of the plate denture fixing device
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which a fixed denture embedded in a fixed denture fixing device is fixed to a crown prosthesis.
FIG. 4 in the first embodimentUsed for dentureCross-sectional view of relevant parts for explaining a prosthetic mold manufacturing process for manufacturing a crown prosthesis
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of a mold for explaining a casting process for manufacturing a crown prosthesis.
FIG. 6 is the same as in Embodiment 2.Used for dentureCross-sectional view of relevant parts showing a state in which the crown prosthesis is attached to the abutment tooth
FIG. 7 (a) in the second embodiment.Used for dentureFront view of plate denture fixture
(B) In the second embodimentUsed for dentureSide cross-sectional view and bottom view of main part of fixed denture fixing device
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a state in which a denture having a denture fixing device embedded therein is fixed to a crown prosthesis.
FIG. 9 in the third embodimentUsed for dentureCross-sectional view of the main part of a dental prosthesis
10 is a cross-sectional view of main parts of a prosthetic crown device according to another application example of Embodiment 3. FIG.
FIG. 11 shows a third embodiment.Used for dentureCross-sectional view of the essential parts of the denture fixing device
FIG. 12 in the third embodimentUsed for dentureSchematic diagram of the main part of the jaw with the crown prosthesis attached to the abutment tooth
FIG. 13 in the third embodimentUsed for dentureCross-sectional schematic diagram of the relevant part showing the state of mating of a denture with a dental prosthesis
[Explanation of symbols]
  1,1a, 1b, 1c Crown prosthesis
  2 jaws
  3 Abutment teeth
  4, 4a, 4c base
  4b Contact plane
  4 'standing surface
  5, 5a, 5b, 5c Shaft
  6 Fitting part
  10, 10a, 10b Plate denture fixing device
  11, 11a, 11b Fixed base part
  11 ', 11a', 11b 'tip surface
  12, 12a Concave fitting
  13 Cavity
  14 Termination
  15 Insertion hole
  16 Opening edge
  17, 17a, 17b Maintenance power display
  18, 18a groove
  19a, 19c base
  19b, 19d Tip
  20 Denture with denture
  21 Denture base
  22 Insertion hole
  23 Adhesive
  30 Prosthetic type
  31 positive
  32 Wax base
  33 Recess for shaft mounting
  34 Wax shaft base
  35 Wax shaft
  36 Wax fitting
  40 molds
  40a investment
  41 Yudo
  42
  43 Groove
  44 Guide section
  44a Shaft guide part
  45 Slit
  46 inner wall
  47 Groove
  48 Maxilla
  48a ridge
  49 Denture
  49a Denture base

Claims (1)

（ａ）合成樹脂製又は合成ゴム製の固定台部と、（ｂ）基部が顎部に埋入され又は支台歯に被着された台部に固着された嵌合固定部或いは支台歯に被着された金属製の歯冠補綴具の台部と一体に形成された１乃至複数本の軸部の各々の他端部に一体に形成された嵌合部が、着脱自在に嵌入され前記固定台部の先端面で開口して終端部が閉塞し、長さが前記嵌合固定部又は前記嵌合部の高さよりも長めに形成された空洞部を有する凹状嵌合部と、を備えた有床義歯固定具を、埋入孔に接着剤で仮固定し前記接着剤が硬化しないうちに顎部に装着するとともに咬合させて、前記凹状嵌合部に前記嵌合固定部又は前記嵌合部を嵌合させた状態で前記接着剤を硬化させることにより、前記凹状嵌合部に嵌入された前記嵌合固定部又は前記嵌合部が、咬合時には前記空洞部の終端に当接し未咬合時には前記空洞部内で嵌入孔部側に移動自在な深さに埋入固定した義歯床を備えていることを特徴とする有床義歯。(A) a fixing base made of synthetic resin or synthetic rubber, and (b) a fitting fixing part or an abutment tooth fixed to a base part where the base part is embedded in the jaw part or attached to the abutment tooth A fitting portion formed integrally with the other end portion of each of the one or more shaft portions formed integrally with the base portion of the metal crown prosthesis device attached to is detachably fitted. A concave fitting portion having a hollow portion which is opened at the front end surface of the fixing base portion and the end portion is closed , and whose length is longer than the height of the fitting fixing portion or the fitting portion. The provided denture fixing tool is temporarily fixed to the embedding hole with an adhesive, and is attached to the jaw part before the adhesive is hardened, and is engaged with the fitting part. by curing the adhesive in a state in which the fitting portion is fitted, the fit fixing portion which is fitted into the recessed fitting portion or the fitting portion, bite Sometimes denture at the end of the cavity at the time of contact with non-occlusion, characterized in that it comprises a denture base and embedded fixed to movable depth into the fitting hole portion within the cavity.
JP2001342720A 2001-11-08 2001-11-08 Denture with denture Expired - Lifetime JP4116783B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7351060B2 (en) * 2005-06-14 2008-04-01 Ho Chih-Chung Abutment for dental implant
DK1872740T3 (en) * 2006-06-21 2012-01-23 Cendres & Metaux Sa Device for attaching a dental prosthesis to a bridge dentist
ATE517586T1 (en) * 2006-09-21 2011-08-15 Peter Sprenger Dental Technik BAR MATRICE
TWM405856U (en) * 2011-01-10 2011-06-21 Tai-Wu Lin dental coping
KR101287710B1 (en) * 2011-06-24 2013-08-07 이일홍 Non preparation dental prosthesis bridge
WO2020175295A1 (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 正 河北 Dentures and mounting attachment therefor
JP6777801B1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-10-28 正 河北 Free-end denture and its mounting attachment
JP6990493B1 (en) * 2020-12-10 2022-01-12 正 河北 Dentures and their mounting attachments
JP6906115B1 (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-07-21 正 河北 Free end denture and its mounting attachment

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