JPH0254773B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously tension-stretching a long polymeric material under pressure, and more specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for isotropically stretching a polymer material elongated body under pressure. The present invention relates to an apparatus for stretching a long polymeric material while adding .

Conventionally, long polymer materials such as synthetic fibers are stretched by tension to cause molecular orientation.
It is well known that it improves mechanical strength and other physical properties, and it is also practiced in practice. However, when certain polymeric materials such as polyacetal are stretched, voids form as the stretching progresses. As a result, physical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength, and buckling strength may not be sufficiently improved.

One possible method for suppressing the occurrence of voids associated with such stretching is to stretch the test material under pressure, but in a laboratory process in which the test material is stretched under pressure in batches in a closed system, Although this can be done relatively easily since there is no need to take the test material out, it is difficult to supply the long material in mass production operations where the long material must be processed continuously. However, this method has not been realized until now because it involves the difficulty of providing an opening for extraction and also having to maintain the pressure applied inside.

Under these circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research to develop a device for continuously pressurizing and stretching polymer materials. It has been discovered that this purpose can be achieved by continuously introducing the polymer material into a container and drawing it while continuously flowing out a part of the polymer material from the outlet of the polymer material along with the treated polymer material. Based on this knowledge, the present invention was accomplished.

That is, the present invention includes a pressure-resistant container in a substantially closed state filled with a pressurized fluid, and a stretching mechanism for applying tensile stress to a long body of polymeric material that continuously moves through the container. In the continuous pressure stretching apparatus, a pressurized fluid introduction hole is provided on the supply port side of the polymer material elongate body of the pressure resistant container, and a pressurized fluid discharge hole is provided on the takeout port side, and the supply port and Both outlets are dimensioned so that a small amount of pressurized fluid can escape from the gap formed between them and the elongated body passing through them, but do not result in a substantial drop in the pressure within the pressure vessel, or Only the outlet has the above structure,
A series of polymeric materials characterized in that the long body passes through the supply port smoothly, but the dimensions are such that the pressurized fluid in the pressure-resistant container does not substantially leak from the gap created between the long body and the long body. The present invention provides a pressure stretching device.

The apparatus of the present invention is mainly composed of a pressure container and a stretching mechanism. The main body of this pressure-resistant container may be made of any material and shape as long as it can withstand the required processing pressure, and there are no particular restrictions, but in terms of pressure resistance, durability, processing efficiency, etc. It is advantageous to use cylindrical containers or prismatic containers made of corrosion-resistant metal. Examples of such metals include stainless steel, chrome steel, nickel steel, and the like.

In addition, the pressurized fluid filled in this is a liquid,
It can be any gas; examples of liquids include water,
silicone oil, mineral oil, vegetable oil, glycerin,
Examples of the gas include grease, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene, etc., and air, water vapor, nitrogen, argon, helium, carbon dioxide, and the like. It goes without saying that when using it, it is necessary to select a material that does not adversely affect the polymeric material to be treated. It is advantageous to use a liquid as this pressurized liquid in terms of ease of handling.

The main body of the pressure-resistant container is provided with a supply port and a take-out port for the polymeric material on opposing surfaces, so that the polymeric material can continuously move through these while being subjected to tensile stress. There is.

The shape of the supply port corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the elongate body of polymeric material to be treated, and its dimensions are selected so that the elongate body can pass through it smoothly. On this occasion,
The pressurized fluid in the pressure container may be allowed to flow out together with the elongate body, or may be substantially prevented from leaking. This is determined by considering the viscosity of the fluid used and the pressure inside the pressure container, but in reality, the distance between the supply port and the long object passing through it is 0.05 to 2.0 mm. This is done by setting within the range. On the other hand, the outlet for the polymeric material is selected in the same way as the inlet in that its shape almost matches the cross-sectional shape of the processed long polymeric material, but its dimensions are slightly larger. It is necessary to set it so that the pressurized fluid in the pressure-resistant container can flow out to some extent from the gap created between the outlet and the elongated body passing through it. This is done by taking into consideration the viscosity of the pressurized fluid, the pressure within the pressure vessel, etc., and selecting the size of the gap within the range of 1 to 5 mm. Furthermore, if desired, the structure of the supply port can be made the same as that of the above-mentioned outlet.

The pressure-resistant container of the present invention is provided with a pressurized fluid introduction hole at a suitable location near the polymeric material supply port side, and a pressurized fluid discharge hole at a suitable location near the takeout port side. Through these, the pressurized fluid continuously flows in the pressure container in the direction of movement of the elongated polymeric material, pressurizes the elongated object, and removes the processed elongated material from the outlet. Since the elongated body flows out together with the elongated body, the elongated body is isotropically pressurized without reducing the pressure inside the pressure container. Further, if desired, means for adjusting the temperature of the fluid at the supply port, the outlet and the vicinity thereof, specifically, means for controlling the flow of the fluid, cooling, etc. can be provided.

In addition, pressure containers,
Alternatively, a pressure regulating/closing control valve, valve, etc. may be provided in the fluid system.

The pressurized fluid can be introduced and discharged independently, but from the standpoint of effective energy use, the discharged fluid should be adjusted to the required pressure via a pressure regulating valve, compressor, etc. as necessary. , it is preferable to circulate it to the introduction hole.

Moreover, the pressure fluid flowing out from the outlet together with the elongated polymeric material can be collected by appropriate means as necessary and recycled for reuse.

In the apparatus of the present invention, heating means, cooling means, etc. may be provided as desired in order to stretch the polymeric material under heating or to lower the temperature of the pressurized fluid that has been increased by the heat generated by the stretching. can. As this heating means, any means commonly used in conventional stretching apparatuses can be used, such as an external heating method using a heater or a high frequency dielectric method. The heating means may be provided outside the pressure vessel, or may be provided at any location in the pressurized fluid circulation system. Alternatively, a special preheating zone can be provided to heat the polymeric material just before it is fed into the pressure vessel.

Next, as the stretching mechanism, any one can be selected from among the means commonly used for stretching a long body of ordinary polymeric material, but usually a supply roll and a pull-out roll with different rotation ratios are used. A combination is used. In addition, a belt method, a track pillar method, etc. can also be used.

Examples of polymeric materials that can be treated with the apparatus of the present invention include crystalline plastics such as polyoxymethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon 6, nylon 66, polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide, Examples include, but are not limited to, aromatic polyamides and imides such as polyparaphenylenebenzbisthiazole, and amorphous plastics such as polymethyl methacrylate and polyacrylonitrile.
Examples of the shape of these polymeric materials include filaments, films, tapes, sheets, elongated plates, tubes, round bars, square bars, and elongated bodies with irregular cross sections.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional explanatory views showing an example of the apparatus of the present invention, in which a long polymeric material A is passed from a feeding roller 1 to supply rollers 2 and 2' to a pressure-stretching device B. supplied to This stretching device is equipped with a pressure holding member 4 having a supply port 3 and a pressure holding member 6 having a takeout port 5 at both ends, and a fluid introduction port 7 on the supply port side.
and a cylindrical container 9 each provided with a fluid outlet 8 on the outlet side, and is filled with a pressurized fluid C as a medium. While the elongated body A passes through this pressurized stretching device B, the elongated body A is filled with pressurized fluid C.
The cylindrical container 9 is pressurized with the required pressure by
After being stretched while being heated by pressurized fluid C by heaters 10 and 10' disposed outside of the film, the film is taken out and wound onto a winding roller 19 via take-up rollers 18 and 18'. The supply port 3 and the take-out port 5 provided in the holding members 4 and 6, respectively, have seals that allow the elongated body A to pass through smoothly but do not cause a pressure drop in the stretching device B. This sealing is achieved by allowing fluid to flow out from between the opening and the object passing through, and by adjusting the opening appropriately so that the pressure can be maintained due to the pressure loss at that time.

Next, the pressurized fluid introduced from the fluid inlet 7 and the pressurized fluid discharged from the fluid outlet 8 may be prepared independently, but in order to reduce energy consumption as much as possible, both are connected through a pipe. 12,13
and circulated using a compressor 17. The pressurized fluid C is heated by a heater 1 placed outside the cylindrical container 9 as described above.
Instead of 0.10', it is also possible to use a heater placed at a suitable location in the circuit. To adjust the pressure,
This is done by pressure regulating valves 15 and 16.

The fluid flowing out from the outlet 5 together with the treated elongated body is collected in the collection chamber 11 and circulated and reused via the pipe line 14 and the pressure regulating valve 16. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a fluid reservoir 22 may be provided in the circulation system.

The apparatus of the present invention may be composed of a single pressure vessel, or may include a plurality of pressure vessels B, B' as shown in FIG. In the latter case, the processing conditions in each pressure container may be the same or may be different, and the desired stretching can be carried out in several stages. Furthermore, if necessary, a preheater, a cooler, a washer, a maturing device, a fluid recovery section for removing the liquid adhering to the stretched body and recovering the fluid, etc. can be incorporated.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing an example of a case where the pressurized fluid is partially discharged from both the supply port and the take-out port. It is divided into sections, and pressurized fluid is replenished from an auxiliary introduction hole 21 provided in this section, which serves to maintain the internal pressure at a predetermined level. In this case, the pressure can be easily maintained by supplying a highly viscous fluid from the auxiliary introduction hole 21 and reducing the flow rate flowing out from the outlet side.

Next, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the structure of the pressure holding member 6 having the outlet 5, which is composed of a nozzle connected to a thick-walled cylindrical container 9. The nozzle portion can also be formed into a slit as shown in FIG. 6, depending on the shape of the material to be drawn.

The device of the present invention is a practical device that makes it possible for the first time to continuously stretch a long polymer material under pressure, and according to this device, the polymer material is stretched while applying isotropic pressure. In addition to being able to
It has the advantage that the heat generated during stretching can be quickly removed, and that the polymeric material can be uniformly heated via pressurized fluid if necessary.

Therefore, the apparatus of the present invention is suitable for industrially carrying out a method of continuously pressurizing and stretching a long polymeric material to improve its physical properties.

Next, the mode of use of the device of the present invention will be explained using examples.

Example A pressure-stretching device of the type shown in Fig. 4, in which a pressure-resistant container having a cavity with a total length of 2 m and an inner diameter of 10 mm was provided with a slit of 0.25 mm in diameter, 5 mm in width, and 200 mm in length as a pressure-retaining member, was used. Silicone oil at 160°C is pumped through the pressure fluid introduction hole by a high-pressure metering pump at 10°C per hour.
The internal pressure was maintained at approximately 400 kg/cm ² by introducing high viscosity silicone oil at 80°C from the auxiliary inlet at a rate of 30°C per hour and discharging the silicone oil from the outlet and pressurized fluid discharge hole. Meanwhile, a polyacetal tape (Tenatsuku 3010, thickness 0.20 mm, width 5 mm) was stretched 22 times at a temperature of 160°C.

The tensile modulus of the stretched body obtained in this way is
The pressure was 43 GPa, and the density was 1.42 g/cm ³ . For comparison, we measured the physical properties of a material that was stretched at the same magnification at 160°C under normal pressure without using a pressurized fluid, and found that the tensile modulus was limited to 35 GPa, and the density at that time was 1.28 g/ It was warm at ^cm3 .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional explanatory views showing different examples of the device of the present invention, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example equipped with two pressure-resistant containers, and Figure 4 is a supply inlet and an outlet. FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views showing different examples of the structure of the pressure retaining member in the outlet portion. In the figure, symbol A is a long polymeric material, B and B' are pressure stretching devices, C is a pressurized fluid, 2 and 2' are supply rollers, 3 is a supply port, 5 is an outlet, and 7 is a pressurization 1 is a fluid introduction hole, 8 is a pressurized fluid discharge hole, 10 and 10' are heaters, 11 is a fluid collection chamber, 15 and 16 are pressure regulating valves, 1
7 is a compressor, 18, 18' are take-up rollers,
22 is a fluid reservoir.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pressure-resistant container in a substantially closed state filled with a pressurized fluid, and a stretching mechanism for applying tensile pressure to an elongated body of polymeric material that continuously moves through the container. In a continuous pressure stretching apparatus, a pressurized fluid introduction hole is provided on the supply port side of the polymer material elongate body of the pressure container, and a pressurized fluid discharge hole is provided on the takeout port side, and the supply port and Both outlets are dimensioned so that a small amount of pressurized fluid can escape from the gap formed between them and the elongated body passing through them, but do not result in a substantial drop in the pressure within the pressure vessel, or Only the outlet has the above structure, and the dimensions are such that the elongated object can pass through the supply port smoothly, but the pressurized fluid in the pressure container does not substantially leak from the gap between the elongated object and the elongated object. A continuous pressure stretching device for polymeric materials characterized by: 2. Claim 1, which includes a mechanism for circulating the discharged pressurized fluid while maintaining it at a predetermined pressure.
Continuous pressure stretching apparatus described in Section 1. 3. The continuous pressure stretching apparatus according to claim 2, which is equipped with a mechanism for collecting the pressurized fluid flowing out from the outlet and circulating and reusing it.