JPH025464B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a coarse material crushing device, more specifically, a coarse material is crushed by rotation of a pair of screws, and
This invention relates to a coarse material crushing device that allows adjustment of crushing particle size.

[Conventional technology]

As the above-mentioned screw-type crushing device, there is, for example, one having a structure shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-500890. In this structure, coarse materials are crushed between at least two mutually cooperating screws by roughly parallel screws, and these screws are rotated so that their feeding directions are opposite to each other, and the crushed coarse materials are is allowed to fall through the space between the two mutually cooperating screws, and the threads of each screw form a crushing cutting edge for effective crushing. are doing.

In this case, the crushed particle size is determined by the pitch of the screws, the height of the blades, and the distance between the screws. Therefore, when it is desired to crush the particles into relatively fine particles, measures are taken to reduce the pitch of the screw, the height of the blades, and the interval between the screws.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, when the screw pitch, the height of the blades, and the screw spacing are made small, if the coarse material to be supplied is large, it will not be caught well and it will be difficult to crush it. For this reason, there are problems such as the need to perform preliminary crushing.

In addition, when a large object such as a long and thin piece of wood gets stuck between the blades of the screw in the length direction, there is a risk that the object will be sent out without being crushed.

Further, if the screw pitch is made smaller, the blade length becomes longer, and this blade portion is usually manufactured by overlaying a high hardness material, which causes problems such as making it expensive.

[Means for solving problems]

In view of this point, the present invention has been developed by reducing the crushing particle size to a finer size.
The purpose of this device is to reliably crush even the elongated coarse materials mentioned above to the required particle size, and its features include a pair of upper crushing rollers that are approximately parallel to each other; The upper crushing roller has a screw structure in which the feeding directions are opposite to each other, and the lower crushing roller has a double screw structure consisting of two intersecting screws. The coarse material supplied by the pair of upper crushing rollers is meshed and crushed, and is further crushed and delivered by one of the upper crushing rollers and the lower crushing roller, and the part to be fed out by the lower crushing roller covers the entire length. A counter knife is installed close to the meshing point of the upper and lower crushing rollers, and the grid size formed by the double screw of the lower crushing roller, the rotational speed of the lower crushing roller, and the crushing particle size are controlled by the counter knife.

[Effect]

The coarse materials crushed by the pair of upper crushing rollers are then crushed again by the lower crushing roller and one of the upper crushing rollers. At this time, the lower crushing roller has a crossed double screw structure, and the blades form a grid so that even long and coarse materials can be crushed into the dimensions of the grid. Further, since a counter knife is disposed opposite to the discharged material from the lower crushing roller, the material is also crushed by this counter knife. Furthermore, since the lower crushing roller is equipped with square-shaped crushing blades, the particle size can be changed by changing the rotation speed.

〔Example〕

The figure relates to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a crushing device 1 includes upper left and right crushing rollers 2 and 3 provided approximately in parallel;
A lower crushing roller 4 is provided between the two crushing rollers, and the crushing rollers are arranged at intervals suitable for crushing.

The upper crushing rollers 2 and 3 are screws 2 and 3, respectively.
A, 3a have a screw structure in which the feeding directions are opposite to each other, and the lower crushing roller 4 has the same feeding direction as one of the upper crushing rollers, for example 3, and the main screw 4a has approximately the same pitch.
and a sub-screw 4b having a large pitch and extending in the same feeding direction so as to intersect with this screw 4a.

In addition, each screw 2a, 3a, 4a and 4 mentioned above
The tip of b is a blade portion C as shown in FIG. 7, and is inclined or forms a rake angle θ in the feeding direction.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a frame for housing each of the crushing rollers 2, 3, and 4; 6, 7, and 8 denote bearings for supporting each of the crushing rollers; a hopper 9 is attached to the upper part of the frame 5, and a discharge funnel 10 is attached to the lower part. . 11,12,1
3 is a hydraulic motor for driving each crushing roller. Further, reference numerals 15 and 16 indicate guide portions, which are provided to prevent crushed materials from falling through the gaps between the crushing roller, the frame, and the discharge funnel.

The present invention further provides a counter knife 20 on the crushed material discharge side of the lower crushing roller 4. This counter knife 20 has a length that spans the entire length of the crushing roller, and is provided toward the meshing portion between the lower crushing roller 4 and the upper crushing roller 3 that crushes the pieces in cooperation with this roller, and is provided at the guide portion 15. It is made to be able to slide and be adjusted by a push bolt 21.

In the above configuration, as the upper crushing rollers 2 and 3 rotate in the biting direction, the coarse material fed from the hopper 9 is bitten between both rollers, and is crushed by the blade C formed at the tip of the screw. The crushed coarse materials are further crushed by an upper crushing roller 3 and a lower crushing roller 4 and are discharged.

In this case, the size of the material crushed by the upper crushing rollers 2 and 3 is determined by the height and pitch of the screws of both rollers, and the maximum thickness is determined by the screw height and pitch of the screws of both rollers.
In the figure, the distance between the screw valleys of both rollers x 1
becomes. However, the length direction is not limited, and large objects such as pieces of wood may be fed out as they are when bitten in the longitudinal direction.

Then, it is crushed by a lower crushing roller 4 and an upper crushing roller 3. At this time, since the lower crushing roller 4 has a crossed double screw structure as described above, the size of the crushed material can be reduced by using both screws 4a, 4.
Vertical and horizontal dimensions of square A formed by b x 2, x 3
and depth×4.

Furthermore, by providing a counter knife 20 on the discharge side, objects with a length spanning the valley between the screws of the lower crushing roller 4 and the upper crushing roller 3 come into contact with this counter knife 20, and the crushed objects that are sent out one after another are pressed. Accordingly, the counter knife 20
The coarse objects that come into contact with the counter knife 2 are crushed and
The crushed material in the lower part of 0, that is, the thickness up to the depth of square A x 4, is discharged, and the upper part of the knife 20 returns upward as the upper crushing roller 3 rotates, It is again subjected to the crushing action by the upper crushing rollers 2 and 3.

In addition, in a normal screw-type crushing device, it is necessary to rotate the opposing screws in synchronization so that the blades of both screws always face each other, but since the blades of the lower crushing roller form a grid, Crushing is possible even if the lower crushing roller 4 is rotated at an arbitrary speed with respect to the upper crushing roller 3, and when the rotation speed is increased, the vertical and horizontal dimensions of square mesh A x 2, x 3
Since it acts to make the size relatively small, it is possible to increase the rotation speed and make the crushed particle size finer.

In addition, although the above embodiment shows an example in which the sub screw 4b and the main screw 4a in the lower crushing roller are fed in the same feeding direction with different pitches, the feeding direction may be opposite to that of the main screw, or the roller axis center These may be changed as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, since the particle size of the crushed material is determined by the lower crushing roller, the pair of upper crushing rollers can have a screw shape with good crushing efficiency according to the size of the coarse material to be supplied. can. Therefore, there is no need for a separate crushing device for the conventional primary crushing of coarse materials. In addition, the lower crushing roller has a double screw structure, and both screws form a mesh blade, so that the crushed material can be controlled in its thickness, width, and length direction.
Furthermore, since a counter knife is provided on the discharge side of the lower crushing roller, the thickness of the crushed material can be controlled, the load on the crushing roller can be reduced, and the life of the roller can be extended. In addition, since the lower crushing roller has a grid pattern as described above, the rotational speed of the upper screw-type crushing roller can be arbitrarily changed without impairing the crushing effect, and the crushing particle size can be changed. have

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures relate to embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway overall plan view, and FIG. 2 is a -
3 is a front view of one of the upper crushing rollers, FIG. 4 is a front view of the lower crushing roller,
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the counter knife, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the screw blade. 1 is a crushing device, 2 and 3 are upper crushing rollers, 2
a, 3a are screws, 4 is a lower crushing roller, 4
A is the main screw, 4b is the sub screw, 20 is the counter knife, and A is the square.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1.Equipped with a pair of upper crushing rollers that are approximately parallel to each other, and a lower crushing roller that is disposed below the middle of the two rollers, each of the upper crushing rollers has a screw structure in which the feeding directions are opposite to each other, and the lower crushing roller The crushing rollers have a double screw structure consisting of two intersecting screws, and the coarse materials fed by the pair of upper crushing rollers are meshed and crushed, and then crushed and fed out by one of the upper crushing rollers and the lower crushing roller. At the same time, a counter knife is installed along the entire length of the lower crushing roller on the feeding side close to the meshing point of the upper and lower crushing rollers, and the rotation speed of the lower crushing roller and the mesh formed by the double screw of the lower crushing roller are fixed. Also, a coarse object crushing device is characterized in that the crushing particle size is controlled by a counter knife.