JPH0253898A - Detergent composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a detergent composition having the more satisfactory softening effect than those containing other clays by containing a smectite clay mineral consisting of layer phyllosilicate having a lattice charge defect as cloth softening agent.

CONSTITUTION: This composition contains a smectite mineral consisting of 2:1-layer phyllosilicate which contains 2-50wt.% of one or more detergent activating materials and a lattice charge defect within the range of 0.2-0.4g equivalent per 1/2 unit. The mineral is generally represented by the formula [MIII is a trivalent metal ion; MII is a divalent metal ion; XI is an equilibrium exchangeable cation; (y) is 0 to less than 4; (a), (b) are less than 2, y+b=0.2-0.4].

COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to detergent compositions, particularly detergent compositions for washing fabrics with fabric softening effects.

Detergent compositions containing detergent actives that remove stains from fabrics are commonly used to launder fabrics. Some types of fabrics, especially those made from natural materials, lose their texture after repeated washing, causing discomfort.5 In order to soften the fabric and alleviate the deterioration in its texture, a washing step, such as a rinsing step, is carried out after the fabric washing process. Fabric conditioning products used in fabrics have been commercially available for several years. However, there is a need for detergent compositions that can perform both washing and softening tasks simultaneously to eliminate the inconvenience of using separate products. British Patent No. 1400898 (Pr.
To solve this problem, 3R smectite clay-containing materials containing materials with a cation exchange capacity of greater than 50 shoulder g equivalent per ioog are incorporated into detergent formulations along with anionic or similar detergent actives. It is suggested that it be mixed into things.

Although some success has been achieved with the use of clay materials such as those described above, the softening performance of the compositions generally falls short of that of specialized softening products, and there is still room for improvement in this performance.

The inventors have discovered that certain classes of clay materials can exhibit superior softening effects over the clays disclosed in the prior art discussed above.

According to the invention, therefore, a smetal tie consisting of a 2:1 layered phyllosilicate containing at least one detergent active substance and having a lattice charge deficiency in the range of 0.2 to 0.42 equivalents per 172 unit cells; - Fabric laundry and softening detergent compositions are provided that include clay minerals as fabric softeners. The smetite clays taught in the art have lattice charge defects ranging from 0.2 to 0.62 equivalents per 172 unit cell, resulting in, for example, 60 to 150 equivalents per 100 g of mineral.
ffl? 2 characterized by having an equivalent exchange capacity,
: One-layer phyllosilicate. The inventors have also discovered that certain clays exhibit better softening performance than others. A common feature of these materials is that the lattice charge deficiency is e.g. 0.2 to 0.2 per unit cell.
42 equivalents, which corresponds to the lower end of the above range.

In general, the clays used in the present invention have the formula %, where Mll is a trivalent metal ion, usually selected from iron, chromium, manganese and mixtures thereof; divalent metal ions selected from the mixture, y is O or a positive number less than 4, a and b
is a positive number less than 2 such that y+b is 0.2 to 0.4; , K, 1/2Ca, 1/2Mg and mixtures thereof].

Although such clays are commercially available, their use in detergent compositions has never been proposed. The proposed clay has the trademark GEIJ of Texas, USA
including commercially available clays such as HITE and Italy's LΔVIO3^^GB;
4 and lattice defects (y+b) ranging from 0.46 to 0.55
It was found to contain. Clays useful in the present invention are those discovered in Wyoming, USA, although not all Wyoming clays are suitable. For example, British Patent No. 1518529 (Procter & Gamb
Wyoming bentonite VOLCLAY BC (which has an extremely large ion exchange capacity, that is, many lattice defects) is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,615 (Ramachandran), which is also considered to be Wyoming bentonite.
rican Colloid Company's general purpose bentonite is described. US Patent No. 4582
From the analytical data published in No. 615, it is thought that the lattice defect of the bentonite with the estimated structure is about 0.42.

Clays that can be used in the present invention are not shown below.

MN ￥ abVOLCL
8Y To SPV America Fe Fe/1
4g O,010,060,37SURREY No.
, I EARTH UK Fe Hg OO,41
0,32ENVIRONETIC3 Argentina Fe
M! ? OO,120,33CULVIN
South Africa Pe Ml? 0.11 0
．． 23 0.28S8N FRAN Argentina Fe Fe/MgO, 070, 150, 21BE
RKBOND 1 UK Fe Hg
O,040,580,31STEETLEY AYO
MING America FE MgOO,280,3
2 These clays have sodium and calcium forms (X
It was found that the type of substituent X1 is not related to the softening performance of the detergent composition.

However, the following clays cannot be used in the present invention.

I connection 83 MNE a bMDO77/
84 ECC (ΔSB) Morocco Fe
Hg O, 260, 120, 23 UBM
Brazil Fe Hg O,200,
060,38C5M (higb CECPrassa)
Greece Fe Hg O,050,080,4
2STEETLEY) Ruco F
e Hg O,010,060,60LAPORT
E Spain Fe Hg O,
140,080,44GELl'1tllTE
Texas US 8F
e Hg O,170,050,37WILL
EMSE South Africa Fe Ha
The reason why selected clays provide improved softening effects is not completely understood. Can we assume that this is because the difference in lattice charge affects the strength of the rupture force between the clay and the fabric, resulting in a higher level of clay being maintained on the fabric surface even after multiple washes? It's not something that can be done.

Compositions of the invention can have various physical forms and can contain various additional ingredients.

Essential ingredients are detergent actives. It may be selected from anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic and cationic substances. Particularly preferred are synthetic anionic surfactants with or without the addition of nonionic surfactants.

A particularly preferred surfactant is a warm combination of an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, such as a mixture of an alkali metal salt of an alkylbenzene sulfonate or a branched alkylbenzene sulfonate and an alkoxylated alcohol. It is. The level of one or more detergent surfactants in the composition is between 2 and 50% by weight, most preferably between 5 and 3%.
It is 0% by weight.

Preferred detergent compounds that can be used are synthetic anionic and nonionic compounds. The former are typically water-soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulfates and sulfonates having alkyl groups containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms. The term alkyl refers to the alkyl portion of a higher acyl group. Examples of suitable synthetic anionic detergent compounds include, in particular, mono- and potassium alkyl sulphates obtained by sulphating higher (C8-Cl8) alcohols obtained, for example, from tallow or coconut oil; alkyl (C9-C20) Sodium and potassium benzenesulfonates, especially linear secondary alkyl (010-C15) sodium benzenesulfonates;
Sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates, especially ethers of higher alcohols obtained from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic alcohols obtained from petroleum; sodium sulfates and sodium sulfonates of coconut oil fat monoglycerides;
Fatty acid ester sulfonates and fatty amide sulfonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulfuric esters of higher (C8-Cl8) fatty alcohols-alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide: coconut oil fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide. Reaction products of fatty acids such as; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyltaurine; α-olefins (C8C20
) with sodium bisulfite or by reacting paraffins with SO□ and 012 and hydrolyzing with base to yield random sulfonates; and olefin sulfonates; There are acid salts.

The term olefin sulfonate refers to a material obtained by reacting an olefin, particularly a C10-C20 alpha-olefin, with S03, neutralizing and hydrolyzing the reaction product. Preferred anionic detergent compounds are alkyl (011-
C15) Sodium benzenesulfonate and alkyl (
016-Cl8) Sodium sulfate.

Among the suitable non-ionic detergent compounds that can be used are:
Reaction products of compounds having hydrophobic groups and reactive hydrogen atoms, such as aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols, with alkylene oxides, especially with ethylene oxide alone or with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. There is. Specific examples of non-ionic detergent compounds include alkyl (C6-C22) phenol-ethylene oxide condensates, aliphatic (C8-Cl8) primary or These include the condensation products of two straight-chain or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, usually up to 40 EO, and the products obtained by the condensation of the reaction products of propylene oxide with ethylene diamine and ethylene oxide.

Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulfoxides.

Mixtures of detergent compounds can be used in detergent compositions, such as mixtures of anionic compounds and mixtures of anionic and nonionic compounds. In particular, the latter mixture has the property of suppressing foaming. This is suitable for fully automatic washing machine compositions where foaming is a disadvantage.

Although amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compounds may be used to some extent in the compositions of the present invention, their relatively high cost makes it generally preferred not to use them. When amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compounds are used, they are generally used in small amounts in compositions that predominate in anionic and/or nonionic detergent compounds, which are of much greater use.

The compositions of the invention also include detergency builders.

The detergency builder can be any substance capable of reducing the level of free calcium ions in the wash liquor, preferably by creating an alkaline pH, suspending soil removed from the fabric, suspending fabric softening clay materials. It imparts other advantageous properties to the composition, such as.

The level of detergency builder is 10-70% by weight, more preferably 25-50% by weight.

Examples of detergency builders are alkali metal carbonates (optionally with seed crystals such as calcite), precipitating builders such as bicarbonates, orthophosphates, pyrophosphates, alkali metal tripolyphosphates or nitrilotriacetates. or ion-exchanged building materials such as amorphous alkali metal aluminosilicates or zeolites.

Clay materials can be added in various physical forms.

For example, it may be spray dried with other formulation ingredients or added separately. In the latter case, the clay may be ground to a suitable size, for example 150 to 2000 microns, or in the form of granular particles optionally containing binders such as inorganic salts or surfactants. Particularly suitable binders are sodium silicates and nonionic detergent actives. When using dry mixed clays, white or other more desirable colors may be used to overcome the problem of poor color (often caused by the presence of trace amounts of certain transition metal ions in the structure). granulated or coated with a pigment material.

The level of fabric softening clay material in the composition is sufficient to exert a softening effect, such as from 1.5 to 35% by weight, more preferably from 4 to 15% by weight, calculated on the basis of the clay mineral itself. %.

In addition to detergent actives, detergency builders and clay-containing substances, the compositions of the invention optionally contain other ingredients.

In addition to the above-mentioned components, the detergent composition of the present invention may contain conventional additives. The amounts of these additives used are those conventionally used in fabric laundry detergent compositions. Examples of these additives include foam boosters such as alkanolamides, especially monoethanolamides derived from palm kernel oil fatty acids and coconut oil fatty acids, antifoam agents, oxygen-based agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate. Bleach, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine bleaches such as trichloroisocyanuric acid, inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate, other fillers such as kaolin, and usually very small amounts of fluorescent agents, fragrances, proteolytic enzymes and There are other enzymes such as starch-degrading enzymes, fungicides and colorants.

The invention will be explained in more detail by the following non-limiting examples.

Fruit” 1 case” 2 A detergent composition having the following formulation was prepared.

Shikin 111 alkylbenzene sulfonate 9.0 Ethoxylated alcohol (7EO) 1.0 Ethoxylated alcohol (3EO) 3.0 Sodium tripolyphosphate
21.5 Sodium silicate
5.5Burke ite
9.0 Water and other 12.7
61.7 Using a laboratory scale device (TerFiotometer(TM)), 3.085i? /β of the above composition was added, and washing experiments were conducted with and without the addition of <0.5 g/f of clay as shown below.

The cotton fabric specimens were washed, rinsed and dried six times. The first three cycles were carried out with the addition of clay, the next two cycles without the addition of clay, and the final cycle with the addition of clay again. The amount of clay retained in the fabric after each cycle is determined using the ashing method (ashiB technique).
que).

Two different types of clay were used. Clay S is 5URR
EY No, I EARTH and Clay M is MDO7
It was 7/84. The details of clay were mentioned above.

% of clay retained on the fabric).

Powerful Bunsho Clay S Clay M 1 0.32 0.29 2 0.55 0.45 3 0.66 0.44 4 0.56 0.325
0.56 0.25 6 0.67 0.3 From these results, the adhesion rate of clay S is large, and an apparently stable equilibrium is obtained when about 0.56% is retained on the cloth. It is clear that the additional reversible adhesion level is approximately o,io%. In the case of clay M, no stable equilibrium is obtained that resists separation.

Comparing the flexibility of the fabrics after 6 cycles of treatment with each other and with the untreated fabric, the following results were obtained.

, iiJ 1 production
gives clearly better results than clay M.

A commercially available fabric washing composition having approximately the following composition was used in this example.

Warm content Weight% Alkylbenzene sulfonate 16.0 Sodium tripolyphosphate
11.0 Sodium silicate 9.0
Sodium sulfate 16.5 Sodium carbonate 20.0 Kaolin
14.0 Water and Minor Ingredients Mix two cotton and polycotton fabrics using water with a residual hardness of 6° FH (6xlO-' moles of free calcium ions) and using the above composition at a dosage of 2.5 g/l. I washed the laundry. The weight ratio of washing liquid to laundry was 10:1.

The laundry was soaked in the solution for 30 minutes, then hand washed and rinsed twice.

In Examples No. 2 and 2B, the same amount of VOLCLAY 5PV (lattice defect 0.37) and II were used instead of kaolin.
Using BM (lattice defect 0.58), Example No.
, 2C, the above composition was used as is.

After washing, real cotton cloth pieces were taken out from the laundry and their softness was compared with a standard and scored on a scale of 2 (soft) to 14 (decreased texture). The results are shown below.

Real 10.32B Clay Rara 2 VOLCLAY
UBM 12.62C12,3 95$CL +: 0.5 These results show that when using the unmodified composition and the composition containing 08M clay, there is a relatively large decrease in texture, but when using VOLCLA
Compositions containing Y clay are shown to give significantly better results.

Fruit 11 soup yu The process was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except for the following differences.

Materials with the following composition were used.

Warm minute 1x alkylbenzene sulfonate 280 Sodium tripolyphosphate
25.0 Sodium silicate 7.0 Sodium sulfate 22.5 Sodium carbonate 10.0 Water and microscopic components
Using water with a remaining hardness of 20°Fll, the amount of product was 7.0g.
/N was washed under the same conditions as in Example 2, except that the washing was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 2.

Clay was used in place of the 14% sodium sulfate in the composition. In Examples No. 3 and 38, VOLCLAYS
PV and CLILV IN (lattice defect 0.39) were used respectively, and in the comparative test of Example No. 3B, ECC/A
Using SB clay (lattice defect 0.49), Example No.
, 3C, the above composition was used as is.

The following results were obtained.

Maru 1 Takusuke, Clay 跣漉 3 VOLCLAY 8.238
CULVIN 8.23B
ECC10,4 3C10,4 95% CL +0.5 These results also reflect the composition of the present invention (Example No.

3 and 3A) show significant advantages compared to other clay-containing compositions and the untreated case.

Unilever Naam O-M Pen Note Sharp

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A smectite clay mineral consisting of 2:1 layered phyllosilicates containing at least one detergent active and having lattice charge defects in the range of 0.2 to 0.4 g equivalent per 1/2 unit cell for fabric softening. 1. A detergent composition for washing and softening fabrics, which comprises the detergent composition as an agent. (2) Smectite clay mineral has the formula (Si_4_-_yAl_y) (Al_2_-_a_-
_bMIII_aNII_b)O_1_0(OH)_2X I
_y_+_b [where MIII is a trivalent metal ion, MII is a divalent metal ion, X I is an equilibrium exchangeable cation, y is a positive number of 0 or less than 4, a and b are y+b of 0.2 to 0 Claim 1 is a positive number less than 2 such that .4.
The composition described in . 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composition contains from 2 to 50% by weight of detergent actives. (4) A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the composition further comprises 10 to 70% by weight of detergency builder.