JPH02504580A - Low cholesterol food containing sugarcane parenchyma cell walls - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Contains sugarcane parenchyma cell walls low cholesterol foods Technical field The present invention provides for feeding animals, especially monogastric animals, with food to reduce cholesterol content. and that the food used in this method contains certain compounds derived from certain types of plants. Synthetic carbohydrates increase blood circulation in animals, including birds and humans, as well as other mammals. Has the ability to reduce cholesterol and/or body fat There is. The above complex carbohydrates have recently been obtained from oat bran and Ispakula husks traditionally present in large quantities? is known. Plants for humans and other animals are derived from complex carbohydrates. Cholesterol and/or body fat content of the above-mentioned plants and animals Animal and plant parts have been prepared for use in reducing

Confirmed to reduce cholesterol and/or body fat levels in animals The known complex carbohydrates of plant sources are relatively rare in plants and Complex carbohydrates are difficult to obtain due to their small amounts in plants. The inventors Sugarcane plant (Saccharum officinarium) f-icinarum) can reduce cholesterol in animals even if its effective amount is consumed. Contains ingredients that can reduce alcohol and/or body fat, possibly complex carbohydrates I made sure to do it.

The stem or trunk of a sugarcane plant is the part above ground that supports the leaves and flowers. This section The portions are cylindrical in shape and divided into joints. Each ° cane The seam includes a barb and an elongated, cylindrical internode. Internodes are several layers integument made from lignified pachymembrane tissue, and bundles of male canal pachycephalic cells and pachyphyte cells Contains the pulp, which is made up of basic tissue containing fiber cells, and the above basic tissue contains sugar. contains most of the plant juices that are recovered.

In the present invention, when fed to animals, especially monogastric animals, sugarcane parenchyma The cell walls normally have lower cholesterol levels than animals fed a fixed amount of food and It was found that animals with lower body fat levels are surprisingly obtained.

Disclosure of invention The present invention provides an effective amount of sugar for animal feed ratios. Corn parenchyma cell walls, preferably parenchyma cells substantially free of fibrous pachymembrane tissue Cholesterol in animals, especially monogastric animals, consisting of a stage that substantially contains the walls and and/or methods of reducing body fat content.

The parenchyma cell J used here is Parenchyma cell walls are obtained by removing fresh parenchyma cells from sugarcane and drying them. dried parenchyma cell walls, and from dried or extracted sugarcane such as bagasse It means dried parenchymal cells or dried parenchymal cells obtained by separating cell wall material. − After storage, the sugars are added back to the dry cell wall material to reduce the sugar content. The sugar content of the cells can be at least substantially the same. Parenchyma cell walls are soft Grinding adherent bundles of tissue cells or soft tissue cells in fresh or dry conditions Alternatively, it may contain cell wall fragments obtained by comminution.

In another aspect, the invention provides an effective amount of sugarcane parenchyma cells, preferably fibers. Cholesterol in animals containing parenchymal cells substantially free of parenchymal cells and/or provide animal feed and human food products that reduce body fat content. That is. When used in humans, food containing 1-20% by weight of soft tissue cell walls In contrast, in the case of livestock ρ, a higher proportion, e.g. It is preferable to use it in an amount of ~30% by weight.

In yet another aspect of the invention, finely ground and sieved to 100 microns A food comprising parenchyma cell material from sugarcane from which the above particles have been removed is provided.

Animal food includes the specified dietary needs of the animal to be provided. It is preferable to contain an added balanced nutritional component that satisfies the Contains tamins, minerals and protein supplements. In particular, anti-kidnapping movements When feeding animals, it is desirable to add additives such as crude fiber to animal food. . In this case, thick membrane tissue cell material from sugarcane, especially induced from sugarcane tube bundles, is used. Preferably, the derived thick membrane cells are added to the food in a fixed proportion.

The invention will now be described on the basis of tests on pigs and baby birds. The present invention It is not limited to feed for birds and baby birds, but also for other animals, especially birds, and humans. Can be used to lower cholesterol levels in mammals including This will be understood by those skilled in the art. Pigs are used in human nutrition research. It is recognized as a good model for pigs, and the results obtained from studies on pigs. The results can be readily used to evaluate the usefulness of the present invention in humans.

Auss is a substantially fiber-free fraction of sugarcane containing primarily It was made as described in Tralia Patent Specification No. 61724/86. This sato “The non-fibrous fraction of cane is hereinafter referred to as sucrafeed 1. ed l) and does not contain parenchymal cell walls and substantially thick membrane tissue cells. Contains dried sugarcane.

chemical analysis The results obtained by the Sufurafide 10 analysis are shown in Tables I, IF and ■ below.

%) Sample Hydrophobic material 1 Hydrophilic material 1 Cell wall 01 1.1 63.2 35.72 1, 0 66 ,3　　　　32.7A, Chloroform-soluble materials, e.g. lipids, pigments , wax etc.

8.80% ethanol - soluble materials, e.g. free sugars , free phenolics, etc.

0.80% ethanol - insoluble materials such as polysaccharides, lignin, etc.

Notes: (i) B is highly digestible and the component does not bind to cell wall polymers.

(ii) The sample (cell wall) contains very little protein.

(ii) The entire analytical procedure was performed in duplicate (Samples 1 and 2).

80% ethanol as a 1% fraction - components of the soluble fraction B) in Table 1 Sample: Total free phenolic resin 1 Total free sugar 1b Unidentified substance 11 1 , 4 54.9 43.72 1, 2 53.0 45.8a, Forincio relative to p-fumaric acid standard Carto's reagent.

b, Phenol-sulfuric acid against D-glucose standard.

C6 difference (pigments, flavonoids).

Note: Sample aliquots with concentrated sulfuric acid contain flavonoid compounds, e.g. andocyani. It showed a noticeable pink color of gin.

! Sugarcane soft tissue cell wall fraction as a 1% fraction (Table IC 1) Composition of C’) Samples: 1 neutral sugar, 1 uronic acid, 1 apparent lignin, 1 unidentified substance, Ara, Xy l　Glc 1 3.119.933.2 3.0 24.2 16.62 3.220.133.5 3.1 27.8 12.3a, g/c alditol acetate; trace amounts of mannose, galactose.

b, 3-phenylphenol method for D-gluconic acid standard.

Inorganics (ash) insoluble in 0.72% sulfuric acid.

d, differences (e.g. experimental errors related to acid-soluble polyphenols and methodology) .

Evaluation of animal feed – pigs Two evaluations of Sufra Feed 1 as a prescribed feed energy source for pigs were conducted. Performed on different tests.

First, the digestible energy content of sugarcane extract 4 pigs (approximately 30 kg body weight) fed separately with low energy content ) was investigated.

Second, the feed is formulated with 0.15 or 30% Sufra Feed L in the feed. It was prepared using For the feed, use the digestible energy value of the extract obtained from the first test. Formulated and prepared to suit the needs of growing/finishing pigs. Each feed is Whole pigs were ground and maintained under normal pigpen conditions (three cages containing 10 pigs). was given to 30 pigs (male and female).

Exam explanation Test 1 Measurement of digestible energy content Four pigs (weighing 30 kg) were placed in individual metabolic cages. es) was given in a preliminary period of days. The amount of excretion of feces and feed intake of pigs Measurements were taken sequentially over 3 days. Bombe heat the total energy content of feed and manure The digestible energy (DE) content of the feed was calculated by measuring with a scale.

Test 2 Measurement of feed intake and growth of pigs Kogo Feed is from the University of Queensland Chee to meet the standard requirements for growing/finishing pigs (Table ■). thams Feedpty Ltd, (Prisbane, Australia) Wacoal). After mixing the ingredients, the feed was pelleted.

Special table 12-504580 (4) Suhra feed 1 0 15 30 wheat 83.7 63.6 42.8 Soybean 6.2 10.5 15.0 Fishmeal 5.0 5.0 5.0 tallow 0.8 2.1DL Methionine 0.6 0.6 0.6 Salt 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　0.25　　0.25　　　0.25 Copper/zinc auxiliary material 0.10 0.10 0.10 Digestive energy (MJ/kg DM) 13.4 13.4 13.4 Crude protein (%) 17. 0 17.0 17.0 Fiber (%’) 3.0 7.2 12 ．． 0 Animals Total of 90 large white Yorkshire pigs (36 females and males) 54 animals) were used in the test. 0.15 or 30% sufurafide 1 respectively A comparison of the growth of 10 pigs fed diets containing The experiments were repeated over time using 30 fi pigs (10 per cage).

In the study, the pigs initially weighed 30 kg, and when they reached 80 kg, the animals were killed. Slaughtering takes place at the Queensland Bacon Slaughterhouse. Bacon (Abattoir), quickly went there in one night at Muralier. back Backfat thickness was checked on each animal at the slaughterhouse and carcasses were randomly An incision is made to examine the muscle area of the eye to determine cholesterol and long chain fatty acids (LCFA). A fat sample for analysis was 11.5±0.2 MJ DE/kg DM.

When the total energy of the feed (16.7 MJ GE/kg DM) is given, the apparent Energy digestibility was 0.69 (69%).

These results indicate that about 3096 fibers in the extract were probably produced by pigs. It was confirmed that it was digested in the intestines.

Experiment 2 After 3 weeks of the test, one dog was given a suppressive diet (0% Scrafeed 1) of pigs were killed due to gastric ulcers, but other pigs were killed due to disease or adverse nutritional factors (nu tritional factor) could not be observed. This stomach ulcer is normal It was uniformly observed in pigs fed pig chow. Therefore, 15 or 3096 suf It is noted that no ulcers were observed in pigs fed diets containing Rougheed 1. This is something to behold.

Feed intake, weight gain/loss, and feed conversion efficiency of pigs fed three times a day No significant difference was observed. As a result of these results, feed containing Sufra Feed L is Highly favorable for pigs, with no adverse effects and substantial weight benefits .

Growth performance of pigs fed fiV 0.15 or 30% Sufurafide 1 Content (%) of Sufra Feed 1 in feed SEM parameters 0 15 30 Weight change (g/d) 802 797 790 9.00 Feed intake (kg/d) 2.33 2.31 2.3 6, 03 feed conversion rate” 2.91 2.90 2.94 ．． 01kg feed/kg Weight gain/loss The characteristics of pig carcasses treated with feed are shown in Table ■. In this case, sluff Dressing percentage of pig carcasses fed with eid tage) showed a slight (non-significant) decrease. This matter is Suhrafeed 1 Increased weight in the gastrointestinal tract due to high levels of fiber in the diet of pigs fed This is due to what I did.

! ■ Pig carcasses fed feed containing various amounts of Sufurafide 1 Characteristic Content (%) of Sufra feed l in feed SEM parameters 0 15 30 Dressing rate (%’) 57.1 74.1 7 3,1 0.35 Thickness of back fat (mm) 17.9 16.5 14 ．． 8 0.25th muscle area (anli 47.848.0 54.2 2. Ratio (%) of each fatty acid in 30 lining fat Myristic acid 2.2 2.8 2.9 0.36 Palmitic acid 24.6 21.8 24.9 1.32 Palmitoleic acid 2.1 2.2 2.5 0.42 Stearic acid 13.9 12,1 14.8 0.31 Oleic acid 45.2 48.2 43.1 2.00 Linoleic acid 11.9 12.7 11.9 0.32 Sterol 94.5 78.7 61.7 14.6 (■/100g adipose tissue) The thickness of the lining fat was significantly reduced in pigs fed Suffle Feed 1, with the lowest thickness were recorded for pigs fed 30% sufrafed l (Table ■). for each process The eye muscle area of only five pigs was examined. In spite of that, Sfluff There was a significant linear relationship between Eid 1 content and eye muscle area.

Pig muscle has relatively low levels of fat (due to lack of marbling found in beef) However, lower lining fat thickness and increased eye muscle area were significantly observed. It can be used as a selling point. The pig farming industry Increasing the fat cover of pigs by nutritional and embryological means Attempts have been made to reduce and increase the eye muscles, and on this basis Eid 1 can be used as a useful feed ingredient.

The amount of cholesterol in adipose tissue was investigated in 15 pigs. to the average value Differences were observed from 0% to 15% and from 30% It was found that the amount of cholesterol was substantially reduced by increasing the amount of cholesterol to 96%. Ru.

There are 1 changes in the fatty acid composition of depot fats in pigs. Digestible energy content of sufurafide l for pig growth is 11.5 ± 0.2 λIJ DE/kg DM. The digestibility of the extract is 0.69 (69,0% )Met.

Feeds containing up to 230% Sufurafide 1 form pellets easily and It was extremely favorable for pigs.

3. Sugarcane extract changes feed intake, growth or any other performance aspect Any anti-nutritive factors are Not observed.

4. Fiber content of test sample containing 30% extract is optimal for pig growth Although it is higher than considered as Feed intake and growth rate were not adversely affected.

5. At a high proportion of Sufra Feed L (30%), the control feed (0% The amount of lining fat decreased significantly. Feed content and eye muscle area of Sufra Feed L There is a significant and decisive relationship between Eye muscle area increased. These two results indicate that adding Sufra Feed L to pig feed is important. This is a significant benefit to its inclusion.

6. Significant differences occurred in cholesterol levels in adipose tissue.

7. The fatty acid composition of pig lining fat is based on the inclusion of sufurafide l in the feed. Therefore, it was not affected.

Evaluation of animal feed – baby birds Four trials on chickens were conducted. Tests 3 and 4 are Queensland Veterinary Clinic at Binjiara Hill in October and December 1986. I went to the school farm. Test 3 is a growth test using chicks for meat that are 4 to 8 weeks old. I did it. Test 4 used adult cockerels. The metabolizable energy of sufurafide l and prepared feed was investigated. Test 5 and 6 was held at the University of New England in Armidale. Test 5 was conducted at 6 weeks after birth. A growth test was carried out using mixed roosters and test 6 was conducted using old hens and roosters. Egg-laying tests were conducted using young hens.

0.10.20 and 30% sufura on isoenergetic and isonitrogen substrates, respectively. Four types of feed containing Feed 1 were formulated.

We also tried to obtain the same essential amino acid profile.

Significant compensation is required at low protein levels (approximately 2%) in Sucraphil 1 It was done. This helps boost protein supplements like soy flour and fish meal. means. In addition, due to the lower ME value of Sufra Feed 1 than the grains used, Due to the need to increase the content of low-energy and low-energy protein supplements, It was necessary to adjust the λ(E value) by adding oil to the Sufurafide l-containing feed.

The feed is shown in Table ■. Low density and high (F) or low density of Sufra Feed 1 (L) Studying chicks from two selected lines for 5 generations for abdominal fat. It was used for. This series was originally derived from the common Breider series. each bird Confirmed with wing band.

Table ■ Composition of feed given to chicks in a 4-8 week growth test and analysis Wheat 500 395 295 170 husk practical model Rokoshi 180 150 100 70 Scruffyid 1 100 200 300 meat mill 100 100 100 100 Soy flour 1 45 160 180 200 Fishmeal 30 40 50 60 oil 30 40 60 85 Methionine 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 Salt 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Vit/min, premix 3.0 3.0 　　　　3.0　　　3.0 CELIT　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　8.5　　　8.5　 8.5 8.5 Coccidia inhibitor 1.0 1.0 1.0 1. OME”MJ/kg 13.3 13.1 1 2.9 13. OME”MJ/kg 12.8 13. 1 13.5 13.2 C8 protein 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.3 Birds were grown in mixed groups in battery brooders for 4 weeks 13.0 MJ ME and 230 g crude protein (CP)/ A common broiler starter feed containing 1.0 kg was fed. Feed is muddy I left it in the same state.

Test cage and handling After 4 weeks, the birds were moved to each cage with its own feeder.

Twenty birds from each line were fed one of four diets for a 28-day test period. Feed ad Jib was given for a period of time.

At the end of the study, the birds were weighed at the mouth at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. child The consumption of each feed during the test period was investigated and the feed conversion efficiency was calculated. -Night, feed The birds were processed, abdominal fat removed and weighed.

result Growth, feed intake and conversion efficiency Table ~■ Feed effects on weight gain/loss, feed consumption, and feed conversion efficiency Feed Weight gain/loss Least squares mean Standard error A982±21 2378± 39 2.44±, 03B991±20 2370±37 2.41 ±, 03C974±20 2370±37 2.45±, 02D979± 20　　2385±38　　2.46±, As shown in 03 Table ■, weight gain/loss, There was no effect of feed on feed consumption or FCR. In practice, this Adjust the obtained energy and protein to the values in Sufra Feed 1. to compensate for the anti-nutritional factors in this material, and in this case suppressed contaminants in feed by up to 30% in chicken meat.

abdominal fat The measurement results of abdominal fat are shown in Table ■. Abdomen in chicks fed Suffle Feed 1 Partial fat was at a low level. This is explained by the orthogonal contrast method of analysis. effective at the 90% level using the onal contrast method). It was my intention.

Table ■ In carcasses of birds fed diets containing different contents of Sufurafide 1 Effect of feed on the proportion of abdominal area A 24.1±1.3 8 21, 9±1.2 C20,8±1.2 D 22.0±1.2 ME was determined using four types of diets used in growth tests using mature and young roosters. Beta. The research first investigated the ME of four types of feed, and second, the ME of Sufra Feed l. was evaluated. The latter evaluation is based on the fact that there are differences in component composition between feeds. Doesn't seem accurate.

Twelve adult roosters were used, with each diet allocated to 3 roosters. 1st The test treatments used in the ME study were reapplied in this study.

result The ME calculated for the four types of feed is A: I2.8; B: 13.1: C 13.5 and D13.2.

As shown in Table ■, these values are 9,0 MJ/kg value for Sufra Feed l. The estimated value agreed reasonably well with the evaluation value. However, although it does not match closely , feeds containing high contents of Sufurafide 1 tend to have high ME.

By using regression analysis, we found that a 11.5 MJ/kg suffragette Evaluate ME for species 1 and collect data-maintained values from other species. can be done.

In conclusion, as shown in Table growth rate, feed conversion efficiency, or feed consumption of birds on different feeds. No difference was observed.

Birds　　6-week old hybrid young rooster + 850g 4 birds (per cage) , 3 baskets of feed per treatment a) Control - complete b) Selected Feed - Protein Concentrate + Scruffy - Each Container Number of times: 3 times per week Record　　　　a) Weekly weight increase/decrease b) Weekly feed intake Table X Change in weight (g) Week 1 2 3 Scruffyid 1 Test repetition 1 524 998 688 Average 473 79 4 714 contrast Test repetition 1 670 895 7552 701 66 8 405” Average 686 750 69311 birds were malek I fell ill.

Table XI Feed conversion Test repetition 1 5.6 3.54 5.352 6.75 3.91 4.773 5.91 3.82 4.67 Control Repeat test 1 3.66 3.44 4.052 3.49 4.59 7.12゜3 3.59 4.75 3.44' ``One bird was infected with Marek's disease.

Table XI [Final weight Repeat test 1 1.423 4.92, 1.36 0 5.73 1.300 3.7 control Repeat test 1 1.520 11.82 1.240 13.03 1.431 13.3 Give 1 Scruff Feed Birds fed a control diet had significantly lower fat pads than birds fed a control diet. I understand.

Test 6 Egg laying test 1. Older hens - 3 hens per treatment with selected protein concentrate and and whole wheat or sufra feed. The test results are shown in Table X■.

Table X■ Wheat 1 19 26 14 59 Scruffed 1 1 19 26 27 722, young hen (pull ets) - same diet - use of 4 birds per treatment. The results are shown in Table XIV.

Table XIV Wheat 1 0 2 20 22 Scruffed 1 1 11 27 29 67 Lipid and colace of young eggs The terol content was determined and the results are shown in Table XV.

Wheat feed Sufra feed 1 feed August 1987 9.3% 8.2% September 1987 10.7% 9.6% October 1987 10.3 96 10.1% November 1987 1000% 9.8% cholesterol (whole egg) August 1987 401 MG/100g 369 MG/1 00g September 1987 496 MG/100g 436 M G/100g eggs laid by hens and young hens fed Sufra Feed 1 and these: The cholesterol content of eggs laid by birds is low. It was hard.

human food preparation Bread for human consumption was made using the ingredients shown in Table ■.

Table X■ B, B powder 667,2 7.2 667,2 75.8 7 birds, 8 oat bran llX1.1 100.1 100.1 − Wheat bran 59.3 59.3 59.3 117 ．． 7 117.7 Cereals 26.7 2a7 2a7 - - Salt - 16.7 1 a7 1a7 16.9 16.9 caster sugar 16.7 - - Sato Millet powder 16.7 Feathers, 4 18.0 Gluten 113 13.3 13.3 8.8 8.88 FIOd: zahijino F1 11.3 11.3 11.3 　　　　　11.8　　　@　　　11.8 Vote shortening 8.0 8.0 &0 &8　　　　　　&8　　　　　　　　　　520.0　　　520.0 530.0 580.0 590.0 Mixing time 7.5 7,25? , 75 9.0 &5 Mixing temperature　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　30.5　　　　　　3+,0 31.0 30.0 InProover 9.00 9.35 10.16 　　　　10. T5 11.35 OutProover 10.0510.351+, Z311 0[+1132 All of the above breads were mixed and baked like standard breads. Sato above The cane powder is finely ground and passed through a 100 micron sieve. 1 material.

international search report 1.1-r ^-m-w11&PCT/AU l118100317ANNEX To THE INTERNONAL 5EARCHREPORT 0N INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION No. I4 Competition uGB 1329766 CA 1021624 U S 3721567 us 3796B09

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. Cholesterol in animals characterized by providing the animal with an effective amount of parenchyma cell walls methods of reducing oil and/or body fat content. 2. For quantitative determination of food feeding to animals, fibrous thick tissue cells derived from sugarcane are used as parenchyma. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: 3. In addition to the sugarcane parenchyma cell wall, the soft tissue from which the cell wall is obtained is used to quantify food feeding to animals. Contain an amount of free sugars at least equal to the amount of free sugars naturally present in tissue cells. The method according to claim 1. 4. For quantification of food feeding in animals, dry natural 4. The method according to claim 3, further comprising containing an ingredient. 5. Claim 1, wherein the soft tissue cell wall material comprises 1 to 30% by weight of the food supplement. the method of. 6. Claim 1, wherein the animal is selected from the group consisting of birds and monogastric mammals. Method. 7. The person according to claim 6, wherein the animal is selected from the group consisting of humans, pigs, and baby crows. Law. 8. An animal product characterized by containing an effective amount of sugarcane parenchyma cell wall. Animal foods that reduce cholesterol and/or body fat levels. 9. Animal food is substantially free of fibrous thicken tissue cells from sugarcane. 9. The animal food according to claim 8. 10. Naturally present in animal food, along with parenchyma cell walls, and in parenchyma cells from which cell walls are obtained. Claim 8, wherein the amount of free sugar contained is at least equal to the amount of free sugar animal food. 11. Animal food contains whole dried parenchyma cells as well as the dried natural contents of these cells. The animal food according to claim 11, wherein the animal food contains: 12. Animal food should contain added balanced nutrients sufficient to meet the animal's prescribed dietary needs. The animal food according to any one of claims 8 to 11, additionally containing . 13. Claim 8: The soft tissue cell wall material is present in the food in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight. The animal food according to any one of items 1 to 12. 14. Finely ground and sieved to remove particles larger than 100 microns Animal food containing parenchyma cell wall material from sugarcane. 15. A reduction produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7. non-human animals and humans with a cholesterol and/or body fat content of Animal feed other than.