JPH0245626Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] This invention relates to a hot water boiler that is integrated by placing the water can on the combustion furnace with the lower end communicating with it.
In particular, the combustion furnace is made into a boat shape made of an insulating and refractory material that can easily be heated to high temperatures, and has a double firing door that increases the combustion efficiency of primary air to achieve complete combustion and provides safe combustion. This allows waste wood, firewood, bamboo, etc. to be used extremely effectively.

Traditionally, hot water boilers have been available in oil-fired types, solid fuel-fired types that use waste wood, firewood, etc., or both types, but recently energy saving has been promoted, and the use of waste wood, firewood, etc. Solid combustion combustion has started to attract attention.

By the way, the combustion furnace of a conventional solid fuel-fired boiler usually has a vertical combustion opening, and the lower side of a single door equipped with a damper to adjust the amount of primary air is pivoted to open and close the opening, or This is pivoted and attached so that it can be opened laterally, and the rostrtle is installed on the floor inside the furnace, and a plurality of small secondary air intake holes are provided in the furnace side wall above the rostrtle. When burning solid fuel such as waste wood, open the single door.
Insert waste wood etc. from the fire spout onto the rostle in the furnace and ignite it. Primary air from the air intake of the single door flows into the lower part of the rostle. Most of the combustion is performed with this primary air, and the small hole in the side wall of the furnace is heated. The secondary air from the tank was used to cause complete combustion and heat the water pipes in the upper water can.

However, since waste wood, firewood, etc. are usually longer than the depth of the combustion furnace, when they are inserted into the furnace, the rear end is exposed to the outside through the combustion opening.
For this reason, with conventional downward-swinging doors, the exposed part of the waste wood was placed on top of the door, opening the combustion port and allowing air to freely flow in, making it extremely dangerous for combustion to easily reach the exposed part of the waste material. . In addition, even with a conventional side-opening door, the waste material is exposed from the fire port, and in this case, the exposed waste material is not supported by the door, so it may lose its balance and fall to the floor while the inside of the furnace is burning. There were many things that were dangerous. If you want to prevent this, you have to match the length of waste wood, firewood, etc. to the depth of the combustion furnace and make it long enough to fit over the furnace's roaster, which requires a lot of time and effort to cut to the specified length. It was necessary.

In addition, if there is a roof above the boiler's chimney, headwinds may enter from the chimney, and the wind pressure of this headwind forces conventional doors that open downward or sideways to open, causing flames to blow out from the stove. It was extremely dangerous. In addition, when conventional doors open downward or sideways, the upper part of the front of the fire spout is completely opened, which not only creates unsanitary dust when removing ash or cleaning the inside of the furnace, but also causes damage to the inside of the boiler. I had to clean it again and again. Also,
Since the door was a single door, the flames were in direct contact with it, making it easy to heat up, posing a risk of burns.

In addition, the above-mentioned drawbacks would occur even if the door was a single door and was attached to the fire spout by pivoting to open downwardly or horizontally, even if the fire spout was an inclined surface with an overhanging lower edge.

In addition, in the combustion furnace of a conventional boiler, the opening on the top of the fireproof wall is large and has approximately the same diameter as the opening at the bottom end of the water can that communicates with it, so heated air does not get trapped inside the furnace, and therefore combustion inside the furnace is prevented. The upper limit of temperature increase involved was approximately 500°C, and thermal efficiency was not good.

This idea improves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and consists of an insulated fireproof wall inside, a sloping opening in the front where the lower edge extends further forward than the upper edge, and The combustion furnace has a ship-shaped bottom that is approximately horizontal and the bottom on the side of the fire mouth is inclined upward toward the fire mouth, and an opening is formed on the top surface, and the upper edge is pivoted to the upper edge of the fire mouth of the combustion furnace so that the upper edge can be opened upward. The firing door has a double door structure, consisting of an outer plate with an air intake with a damper in the center and an inner plate with a large number of air distribution holes on the inner surface of this outer plate, and the upper surface of the combustion furnace. A hot water boiler consisting of a water can with a double internal and external cylinder structure, which is placed in communication with an opening and forms an annular water chamber, the inner cylinder of the water can being an upper half forming a small diameter flue. , and a lower half forming a flue with a diameter larger than the opening on the upper surface of the combustion furnace, and at the lower end of the large-diameter flue, an annular water chamber is stretched annularly inward from the large-diameter flue. An annular outer water chamber is formed on the outside of the large diameter flue between the bottom annular water chamber and an upper annular water chamber at the upper end of the large diameter flue. A passage is provided, and an inner communication passage consisting of a plurality of vertical water pipes is provided inside, and a contact plate is provided in the middle of the large-diameter flue to be inscribed in each vertical water pipe.

The configuration of this invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a boiler 1 according to this invention, and as shown, the boiler 1 is composed of a combustion furnace 2 and a water can 3 connected to the combustion furnace 2 in communication with it.

As shown in the figure, the combustion furnace 2 is formed into a deep boat shape with an insulating fireproof wall, the inner wall is a heat insulating fireproof wall 4, a fire opening 5 is provided on the front, and an opening 6 communicating with the water can 3 is formed on the top surface. It has been done. The front surface of the combustion furnace has an inclined surface as shown in the figure, and accordingly, the combustion opening 5 has an inclined shape with a protruding lower edge, and the opening 6 on the upper surface is narrowed in diameter to form the lower end opening of the water can 3 which communicates with it. 7
Make the diameter smaller.

The fire mouth door 8 attached to the above-mentioned inclined fire mouth 5 has a hollow part 9
Furthermore, as shown in detail in Fig. 3, the outer partition plate 8a has a primary air intake 11 in the center equipped with a rotary damper 10 to adjust the amount of primary air, as in the past. The inner dividing plate 8b is provided with a large number of small holes 12, and is pivotally connected to the upper edge portion of the fire spout 5 so as to be able to open and close upward. Further, a small hole 13 for intake of secondary air is provided in the furnace side wall as in the conventional case.

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the water can 3 has an outer cylinder 3a made of a heat insulating material, and an inner cylinder 3d consisting of a small diameter flue 3b in the upper half and a large diameter flue 3c in the lower half. It has a double inner and outer cylinder structure, and there is an upper annular water chamber 14a at the upper end of the large diameter flue 3c, and an upper annular water chamber 14a is formed at the lower end of the large diameter flue 3c, extending greatly inward of the large diameter flue 3c. There is a bottom annular water chamber part 14b, and an annular outer communication passage 14c is provided on the outside of the large diameter flue 3c, and an upper annular water chamber part 14a is provided inside the large diameter smoke part 3c. An inner communication path consisting of a plurality of vertical water pipes 14d is provided to communicate with the bottom annular water chamber 14b, and an abutment 18 is inscribed in each vertical water pipe 14d in the middle of the large diameter flue 3c. It is provided. 16 is a water supply port for supplying water into the water can 3, which is opened at the bottom of the water can 3;
is a hot water supply opening opened on the top surface of the water can 3.

When the boiler 1 is to be fired now, the double-door firing port 8 is opened upward to open the firing port 5, and waste materials and the like are inserted into the combustion furnace 2 through the firing port 5. In addition to the waste materials with specified dimensions that match the depth of the combustion furnace 2,
It can be a mixture of long and short lengths. In the case of waste wood that is longer than the depth of the furnace, the rear end is placed on the lower edge of the fire port 5 and exposed to the outside, and when ignition is completed, the fire door 8 is closed and the lower edge is placed on the exposed part of the long waste material.

Since the waste material is inserted into the furnace obliquely from the fire port 5 due to the inclination of the fire port 5, there is no need for a rostre to place it as in the conventional method, and sufficient primary air from the fire port door 8 is allowed to flow between the oblique waste material and the bottom surface of the furnace. A space is formed to allow the water to flow into the air. The primary air first flows into the hollow portion 9 from the intake port 11 of the outer door partition plate 8a, and then is dispersed through the large number of small holes 12 of the inner partition plate 8b and flows into the space below the waste material in the furnace. Since the inner dividing plate 8b is heated by the flame that directly hits it, the primary air enters the hollow part 9 and is heated, becomes preheated air, flows into the furnace, and evenly hits the lower surface of the waste material in the furnace. As a result, combustion occurs evenly over the entire waste material, and with the addition of secondary air from the small holes 13 in the furnace side wall, the waste material is completely combusted. In addition, since the combustion furnace 2 has an opening 6 on the top surface of the heat-insulating fireproof wall that is narrowed and made small in diameter, the flame at the opening 6 is throttled and the heat is easily trapped in the furnace.
The temperature is raised to a significantly high temperature of °C to ensure complete combustion of the waste material.

The flame of this combustion furnace heats the bottom surface of the bottom annular water chamber portion 14b, rises inside the large diameter flue 3c, and rises to the contact plate 18.
is inverted and detoured downward and around the
As the residence time becomes longer, each vertical water pipe 14d is heated to a high temperature in a short time, and the water exits through the small diameter flue 3b.
As a result, the water in contact with the inner tube 3d is heated as a whole, but in particular, the water in each vertical water pipe 14d is heated to a high temperature in a shorter time than the others, and its specific gravity becomes lighter, causing an upward flow. , outer communication path 4 of large diameter flue 3c
At c, a downward flow occurs, and the overall convection becomes active, making it possible to efficiently obtain high-temperature water. It is convenient to measure the temperature of the hot water in the water can 3 with two upper and lower thermometers attached to the outer circumferential surface of the water can 3, and to sound a buzzer in conjunction with the predetermined temperature adjustment mechanism. be.

The water can is of a type that can be attached or detachably equipped with an oil burner so that the lower part of the water can can be heated by a combustion furnace as in the above embodiment, and can also be heated by an oil burner. This may be used as a boiler in combination with a combustion furnace.

In addition, waste wood, as in the above example, can be used as fuel.
It is best to use firewood, cypress, etc., but in the boiler of this invention, any other fuel that can form an appropriate space in the furnace, such as lump solid fuel such as coal, can be used, and this can be used thermally efficiently. can be used.

As explained above, this idea consists of an insulating and fireproof wall inside, has a sloping fire pit in front with the lower edge protruding further to the front than the upper edge, and has an approximately horizontal bottom surface at the back and a sloped opening on the fire mouth side. A combustion furnace has a boat-shaped bottom surface that slopes upward toward the fire spout, and an opening is formed on the top surface, and the upper edge of the combustion furnace is pivoted so that the upper edge can be opened upward, and a damper is installed in the center of the combustion furnace. A firing door with a double door structure consisting of an outer dividing plate with an air intake and an inner dividing plate having a large number of air distribution holes on the inner surface of this outer dividing plate communicates with the upper opening of the combustion furnace. This is a hot water boiler consisting of a water can with an internal and external double door structure forming an annular water chamber. and a lower half forming a large-diameter flue, and at the lower end of the large-diameter flue, an annular water chamber is annularly extended inward from the large-diameter flue, and a bottom annular water chamber is formed. An annular outer communication passage is provided on the outside of the large-diameter flue between this bottom annular water chamber and an upper annular water chamber at the upper end of the large-diameter flue, and an annular outer communication passage is provided on the inside of the large-diameter flue. An inner communication passage consisting of multiple vertical water pipes was provided, and a contact plate inscribed in each vertical water pipe was provided in the middle of the large-diameter flue, so that the flames burned in the combustion furnace flowed from the top opening to the bottom annular water chamber. After heating the bottom of the pipe, it ascends the large-diameter flue and is redirected downward and around by the plate.
The outflow speed is reduced, and the water in each vertical water pipe is heated to a high temperature with thermal efficiency for a relatively long time, and the inner pipe is also heated to flow out from the small diameter flue in the upper half. As a result, the water in each vertical pipe is heated more rapidly and to a higher temperature than other parts, and its specific gravity becomes lighter, creating an upward flow.
The water in the upper annular water chamber passes through the outer communicating furnace of the large-diameter flue and flows downward to the bottom annular water chamber, resulting in an active convection effect, resulting in a hot water boiler with high thermal efficiency. In addition, according to this invention, waste fuel, etc. is inserted into the combustion furnace at an angle through the inclined firing port, and a space is always formed below the opening, so that the primary air from the rotating damper of the firing opening door is This primary air easily flows into the space, and by passing through the hollow part and the many small holes in the inner dividing plate, it becomes preheated air and flows in a dispersed manner. The air cooperates to completely burn the waste material, and the small diameter of the orifice at the top of the furnace traps heat, raising the temperature to a high degree.The high-temperature flame hits the bottom of the water can, allowing for rapid heat exchange. It is done efficiently.
Moreover, according to this idea, the combustion furnace's firing door opens upward, so even if it is a long piece of waste, the lower edge of the door can hold down the exposed part from the firing opening, and it can be held between the lower edge of the opening and the door can separate the inside of the furnace from the outside. The exposed parts of the waste wood will not catch fire and will not fall to the floor. Even small pieces of waste wood can be used safely, and a wide range of fuels such as solid fuels such as coal, as well as waste wood and firewood, can be used with thermal efficiency.

In addition, according to this invention, due to the double-door structure of the fire outlet door, the outer partition plate is hardly heated, so there is no danger of burns, etc. Furthermore, the top-opening door opens with the pressure of the wind even if it receives a back wind from the chimney. There is no danger of flames coming out from the fire pit. In addition, the dust generated when taking out the ash and cleaning the inside of the furnace can be immediately taken out on the floor and disposed of, which is sanitary, and it has many advantages such as complete combustion, which reduces the number of times the ash is taken out.

This invention does not require the use of a rostol in the combustion furnace, and can effectively use primary air to achieve complete combustion at extremely high temperatures.It has excellent thermal efficiency and safety, and is suitable for home, commercial, and farm uses. It can be used in a wide range of ways and is extremely practical.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of this invention; Fig. 1 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the combustion furnace and water can disassembled, Fig. 2 is a front view of the combustion furnace, and Fig. 3 is a front view of the combustion chamber. FIG. 4, which is a longitudinal side view, is a cross-sectional plan view taken along the - line in FIG. 1...Boiler, 2...Combustion furnace, 3...Water can,
5... Fire opening, 6... Opening on top of combustion furnace, 7...
Lower end opening of water can, 8... Fire opening door, 8a... Outer dividing plate, 8b... Inner dividing plate, 9... Hollow part, 11... Primary air intake, 12... Small inner dividing plate. Hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The interior is composed of an insulating fireproof wall, and the lower edge has a sloped fire spout in the front that protrudes further to the front than the upper edge, the bottom of the back is approximately horizontal, and the bottom on the fire spout side extends upward toward the fire spout. A combustion furnace with a sloping boat-shaped bottom and an opening on the top, and an outer part that is pivoted to the upper edge of the combustion furnace so that the upper edge can be opened upward, and has an air intake with a damper in the center. A firing door with a double door structure consisting of a plate and an inner dividing plate with a large number of air distribution holes on the inner surface of the outer dividing plate is placed in communication with the upper opening of the combustion furnace, forming an annular water chamber. A hot water boiler consisting of a water can with an inner and outer double cylinder structure, the inner cylinder of the water can being divided into an upper half forming a small diameter flue and a lower half forming a flue with a larger diameter than the opening on the top surface of the combustion furnace. and a bottom annular water chamber portion is formed by extending an annular water chamber annularly inward from the large diameter flue at the lower end of the large diameter flue; Between the water chamber and the upper annular water chamber at the upper end of the large-diameter flue, an annular outer communication passage is provided on the outside of the large-diameter flue, and an inner side consisting of a plurality of vertical water pipes is provided on the inside. A hot water boiler characterized by providing a communication passage and furthermore, providing a contact plate inscribed in each vertical water pipe in the middle of a large diameter flue.