JPH0240921B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0240921B2 JPH0240921B2 JP60201637A JP20163785A JPH0240921B2 JP H0240921 B2 JPH0240921 B2 JP H0240921B2 JP 60201637 A JP60201637 A JP 60201637A JP 20163785 A JP20163785 A JP 20163785A JP H0240921 B2 JPH0240921 B2 JP H0240921B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- air ratio
- air
- combustion
- cumulative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
- F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
- F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
- F23C2201/101—Furnace staging in vertical direction, e.g. alternating lean and rich zones
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は発電所大型ボイラ等、多数本のバー
ナを有する燃焼装置の燃焼方法に係り、特に各バ
ーナの空気比を変化させることにより窒素酸化物
の排出量を大幅に減少できる燃焼方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion method for a combustion device having a large number of burners, such as a large boiler in a power plant, and in particular, to greatly reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by changing the air ratio of each burner. Concerning methods of reducing combustion.
ボイラ等の燃焼装置から排出される窒素酸化物
（以下NOxと略称する）は大気汚染物質の一つと
して排出濃度もしくは排出量が規制されている。
これに対処するため種々の低NOx燃焼法が開発
されており、例えば燃焼排ガスの一部を燃焼用空
気に混入する排ガス再循環法、燃焼用空気を多段
に投入して炉内の燃焼領域を分散させる方法等が
用いられている。しかしこれらの方法によつても
NOx低減の効果には一定の限界があり、これを
打開する方法として空気不足状態での燃焼時に発
生するCO0H2等の還元性中間生成物によりNOx
を還元処理する燃焼法が開発され、実用に供され
ている。この方法としては空気過剰状態で燃焼さ
せた排ガス中に燃料を投入して還元性中間生成物
を生成する方法、さらにはより高いNOx還元率
を得るために燃料過剰状態で燃焼を行なつた排ガ
ス中にさらに燃料を投入して中間生成物を大量に
生成する方法等がある。 Nitrogen oxides (hereinafter abbreviated as NOx) emitted from combustion devices such as boilers are one of the air pollutants, and the emission concentration or amount thereof is regulated.
To deal with this, various low NOx combustion methods have been developed, such as the exhaust gas recirculation method in which a portion of the combustion exhaust gas is mixed into the combustion air, and the combustion area in the furnace in which combustion air is introduced in multiple stages. Methods such as dispersion are used. But even with these methods
There is a certain limit to the effect of reducing NOx, and one way to overcome this is to reduce NOx by reducing intermediate products such as CO 0 H 2 that are generated during combustion in an air-deficient condition.
A combustion method for reduction treatment has been developed and is now in practical use. This method involves injecting fuel into the exhaust gas that is combusted in an air-excess state to generate reducing intermediate products, or in order to obtain a higher NOx reduction rate, the exhaust gas is injected into the exhaust gas that is combusted in an air-excess state. There is a method in which a large amount of intermediate products are produced by further injecting fuel into the reactor.
発明者等はこの還元性中間生成物の生成による
脱硝方法につき特開昭56−66607号により低NOx
燃焼方法を提案した。しかしその後の実験により
還元性中間生成物については木目こまかい空気比
の燃焼用空気供給が必要ということが判つた。 The inventors proposed a method for reducing NOx by producing reducing intermediate products in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 66607/1983.
A combustion method was proposed. However, subsequent experiments revealed that reducing intermediate products require a combustion air supply with a fine grain air ratio.
この発明の目的は上述した問題点を除去し、
NOxの還元を効率良く行なうよう各バーナの空
気比を設定し、かつこれらのバーナのNOx還元
機能を有効に発揮するよう各バーナの配置し燃焼
を行なう低NOx燃焼方法を提案することにある。 The purpose of this invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems,
The purpose of this invention is to propose a low NOx combustion method in which the air ratio of each burner is set to efficiently reduce NOx, and each burner is arranged and burned so that the NOx reducing function of these burners is effectively demonstrated.
要するにこの発明は燃焼装置火炉に対して排ガ
ス流れ上流側から順に配置した下段主バーナの空
気比を1.0以下に、下段副バーナの空気比を0.4か
ら0.8に、この下段副バーナの下流に位置する上
段主バーナと下段主バーナと下段副バーナとの累
積空気比が0.8〜0.9となるよう空気供給量を調節
し、さらにその下流に位置する上段副バーナの空
気比を0.3から0.5にすることにより排ガス中の窒
素酸化物含有量を低減させる窒素酸化物低減燃焼
方法であることを特徴とする。 In short, this invention lowers the air ratio of the lower main burners, which are arranged in order from the upstream side of the exhaust gas flow with respect to the combustion equipment furnace, to 1.0 or less, and sets the air ratio of the lower auxiliary burner from 0.4 to 0.8, which is located downstream of the lower auxiliary burner. By adjusting the air supply amount so that the cumulative air ratio of the upper stage main burner, lower stage main burner, and lower stage auxiliary burner is 0.8 to 0.9, and further adjusting the air ratio of the upper stage auxiliary burner located downstream from 0.3 to 0.5. The present invention is characterized by being a nitrogen oxide reduction combustion method that reduces the nitrogen oxide content in exhaust gas.
以下この発明の実施例を図面により説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図において、符号７は燃焼装置（図示の場
合はボイラ）の火炉７であつて、この火炉７に対
しては火炉底部、つまり排ガス流れ上流側から順
に下段主バーナ１ａ，下段副バーナ２ａ，上段主
バーナ１ｂ，上段副バーナ２ｂの順に配置し、最
下流部にはアフタエアポート３が配置してある。 In FIG. 1, reference numeral 7 denotes a furnace 7 of a combustion device (a boiler in the case shown), and for this furnace 7, from the bottom of the furnace, that is, from the upstream side of the exhaust gas flow, a lower main burner 1a and a lower auxiliary burner 2a are installed. , the upper stage main burner 1b, and the upper stage auxiliary burner 2b are arranged in this order, and an after air port 3 is arranged at the most downstream part.
先ず下段主バーナ１ａの空気比は1.0以下とし、
下段副バーナ２ａの空気比は0.4〜0.8とする。上
段主バーナ１ｂは下段主バーナ１ａ，下段副バー
ナ２ａおよび自己に供給する燃料の合計量に対す
る空気比が1.0以下、つまり各バーナ１ａ，２ａ，
１ｂの累積した空気比が0.8〜0.9となるようにす
る。上段副バーナ２ｂは上段主バーナ１ｂに対す
る副バーナとして配置したものであり、このバー
ナに対する空気比は約0.3〜0.5とする。さらにア
フタエアポート３においては以上１ａ，２ａ，１
ｂ，２ｂの各バーナにおいて発生した残留未燃分
を完全燃焼させるよう空気を供給する。 First, the air ratio of the lower main burner 1a should be 1.0 or less,
The air ratio of the lower auxiliary burner 2a is 0.4 to 0.8. The upper main burner 1b has an air ratio of 1.0 or less to the total amount of fuel supplied to the lower main burner 1a, the lower auxiliary burner 2a, and itself, that is, each burner 1a, 2a,
The cumulative air ratio of 1b should be 0.8 to 0.9. The upper auxiliary burner 2b is arranged as a auxiliary burner for the upper main burner 1b, and the air ratio to this burner is approximately 0.3 to 0.5. Furthermore, in the after air port 3, the above 1a, 2a, 1
Air is supplied to completely burn the residual unburned matter generated in each burner b and 2b.
なお下段主バーナ１ａおよび上段主バーナ１ｂ
の空気比を1.0以下としたのは還元性中間生成物
によるNOxの還元効率を高めるためである。 Note that the lower main burner 1a and the upper main burner 1b
The reason why the air ratio was set to 1.0 or less was to increase the efficiency of NOx reduction by reducing intermediate products.
次に第２図にこの発明に係る燃焼装置を用いて
NOx排出量を測定した結果を示す。測定方法と
しては下段主バーナ１ａの空気比を１以下、下段
副バーナ２ａの空気比を0.4〜0.8の間とし、下段
主バーナ１ｂの空気量は自己を含む三種類のバー
ナの累積空気比が1.1，0.9，0.8の三種類となるよ
う設定し、各累積空気比において下段副バーナ２
ｂの空気比を変化させることによりNOx排出量
を測定した。なお各バーナに供給した燃料を液化
石油ガス（LPG）であるが、他の炭化水素系燃
料においてもほぼ同様の結果を得ている。 Next, FIG. 2 shows a combustion apparatus according to the present invention.
The results of measuring NOx emissions are shown. The measurement method is to set the air ratio of the lower main burner 1a to 1 or less, the air ratio of the lower auxiliary burner 2a to between 0.4 and 0.8, and the air amount of the lower main burner 1b to be the cumulative air ratio of three types of burners including the self. 1.1, 0.9, and 0.8, and lower auxiliary burner 2 is set at each cumulative air ratio.
NOx emissions were measured by changing the air ratio in b. Although the fuel supplied to each burner was liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), almost similar results were obtained with other hydrocarbon fuels.
先ず線図ａは累積空気比を1.1に設定した場合
を示す。この場合には上段副バーナ２ｂの空気比
が低いほどNOx排出量も減少し、空気比０、つ
まり上段副バーナ２ｂから燃料のみを噴射した場
合に最低となり、空気比0.3以上となるとNOx排
出量が急激に上昇する。これは累積空気比が１以
上となつているため１ａ，２ａ，１ｂの各バーナ
において消費されていないO2が相当残つており、
上段副バーナ２ｂの空気比を増大させると空気過
剰燃焼となつて還元性中間生成物が殆んど生成さ
れないためと考えられる。いづれにしても累積空
気比を高く設定すると後述する線図ｂおよびｃに
比較してNOx排出量は多くなる傾向にある。 First, diagram a shows the case where the cumulative air ratio is set to 1.1. In this case, the lower the air ratio of the upper stage auxiliary burner 2b, the lower the NOx emissions.The lowest air ratio is reached when only fuel is injected from the upper stage auxiliary burner 2b, and when the air ratio is 0.3 or higher, the NOx emissions decrease. rises rapidly. This is because the cumulative air ratio is more than 1, so there is a considerable amount of unconsumed O 2 remaining in each burner 1a, 2a, and 1b.
This is thought to be because increasing the air ratio of the upper sub-burner 2b results in excessive air combustion, resulting in almost no reducing intermediate products being produced. In any case, when the cumulative air ratio is set high, the amount of NOx emissions tends to increase compared to diagrams b and c, which will be described later.
次に線図ｂは累製空気比を0.9とした場合であ
り、この場合には上段副バーナ２ｂの空気比を約
0.35のＭ点において最低となる。これは各バーナ
１ａ，２ａおよび１ｂの累積空気比が１以下で空
気不足状態で燃焼している際には、上段副バーナ
２ｂにおいてある程度燃焼用空気を供給して所定
の燃焼温度を確保しておいた方が還元性中間生成
物の生成量が増加するためと考えられる。この傾
向は累積空気比0.8の線図ｃの場合にも見られ、
この場合は上段副バーナ２ｂの空気比が約0.5の
Ｎ点のときに最低となる。なお累積空気比が0.6
以下となるとこれらのバーナの燃焼が不安定にな
る等の問題があつた。 Next, diagram b shows the case where the cumulative air ratio is 0.9, and in this case, the air ratio of the upper sub-burner 2b is approximately
It is lowest at M point of 0.35. This is because when the cumulative air ratio of each burner 1a, 2a, and 1b is 1 or less and combustion is being performed in an air-deficient state, a certain amount of combustion air is supplied to the upper auxiliary burner 2b to ensure a predetermined combustion temperature. This is thought to be because the amount of reducing intermediate products produced increases when the temperature is left longer. This tendency is also seen in the case of diagram c for cumulative air ratio 0.8,
In this case, the air ratio of the upper auxiliary burner 2b becomes the lowest at the N point of about 0.5. Note that the cumulative air ratio is 0.6
When the following conditions were met, there were problems such as unstable combustion in these burners.
以上の結果から下段主バーナ１ａの空気比は
1.0以下、下段副バーナ２ａの空気比は約0.4〜0.8
とし、上段主バーナ１ｂの空気供給量は下段主バ
ーナ１ａ，下段副バーナ２ａおよび自己の累積空
気比が約0.8〜0.9となるよう供給し、かつ上段副
バーナ２ｂの空気比は約0.3〜0.5の間とすると
NOxの低減効果が高いことがわかる。 From the above results, the air ratio of the lower main burner 1a is
1.0 or less, the air ratio of the lower auxiliary burner 2a is approximately 0.4 to 0.8
The amount of air supplied to the upper main burner 1b is such that the cumulative air ratio of the lower main burner 1a, the lower auxiliary burner 2a, and itself is approximately 0.8 to 0.9, and the air ratio of the upper auxiliary burner 2b is approximately 0.3 to 0.5. If it is between
It can be seen that the NOx reduction effect is high.
第３図は下段主バーナ１ａを二段に配置し、最
上段にはアフタバーナ４を配置する。第４図は下
段主バーナ１ａを二段に配置すると共に、最上段
にはアフタエアポート３を二段に配置する。これ
により燃焼装置がボイラである場合には各バーナ
の燃焼をボイラ負荷に対応させることが容易とな
る。 In FIG. 3, the lower main burners 1a are arranged in two stages, and the afterburner 4 is arranged in the uppermost stage. In FIG. 4, the lower main burners 1a are arranged in two stages, and the after air ports 3 are arranged in two stages in the uppermost stage. This makes it easy to match the combustion of each burner to the boiler load when the combustion device is a boiler.
この発明を実施することにより発生したNOx
を還元するのに十分な中間生成物を生成できるの
でNOxの排出量を大幅に減少させることができ
る。 NOx generated by implementing this invention
Since sufficient intermediate products can be produced to reduce NOx emissions, NOx emissions can be significantly reduced.
第１図はこの発明に係る燃焼装置の断面図、第
２図は累積空気比と上段副バーナの空気比との関
係を示す線図、第３図および第４図は他の実施例
を示す燃焼装置の断面図である。
１ａ……下段主バーナ、１ｂ……上段主バー
ナ、２ａ……下段副バーナ、２ｂ……上段副バー
ナ、７……火炉。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a combustion device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cumulative air ratio and the air ratio of the upper sub-burner, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show other embodiments. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the combustion device. 1a...Lower stage main burner, 1b...Upper stage main burner, 2a...Lower stage sub burner, 2b...Upper stage sub burner, 7...Furnace.
Claims (1)
順に配置した下段主バーナの空気比を1.0以下に、
下段副バーナの空気比を0.4から0.8に、この下段
副バーナの下流に位置する上段主バーナと下段主
バーナと下段副バーナとの累積空気比が0.8〜0.9
となるよう空気供給量を調節し、さらにその下流
に位置する上段副バーナの空気比を0.3から0.5に
することにより排ガス中の窒素酸化物含有量を低
減させることを特徴とする窒素酸化物低減燃焼方
法。 ２ 上段主バーナの空気供給量を累積空気比が約
0.9となるように設定し、上段副バーナの空気比
を約0.35となるように調節することを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の窒素酸化物低減燃焼
方法。 ３ 上段主バーナの空気供給量を累積空気比が約
0.8となるように設定し、上段副バーナの空気比
を約0.5となるように調節することを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の窒素酸化物低減燃焼
方法。[Claims] 1. The air ratio of the lower main burners arranged in order from the upstream side of the exhaust gas flow with respect to the combustion equipment furnace is set to 1.0 or less,
The air ratio of the lower auxiliary burner is set from 0.4 to 0.8, and the cumulative air ratio of the upper main burner, lower main burner, and lower auxiliary burner located downstream of this lower auxiliary burner is 0.8 to 0.9.
Nitrogen oxide reduction characterized by reducing the nitrogen oxide content in exhaust gas by adjusting the air supply amount so that Combustion method. 2 Set the air supply amount of the upper main burner to a cumulative air ratio of approx.
The nitrogen oxide reduction combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the air ratio of the upper sub-burner is adjusted to be about 0.35. 3 Set the air supply amount of the upper main burner to a cumulative air ratio of approx.
8. The nitrogen oxide reduction combustion method according to claim 1, wherein the air ratio of the upper sub-burner is adjusted to be about 0.5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20163785A JPS6176815A (en) | 1985-09-13 | 1985-09-13 | Combustion reducing nitrogen oxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20163785A JPS6176815A (en) | 1985-09-13 | 1985-09-13 | Combustion reducing nitrogen oxide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6176815A JPS6176815A (en) | 1986-04-19 |
| JPH0240921B2 true JPH0240921B2 (en) | 1990-09-13 |
Family
ID=16444378
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20163785A Granted JPS6176815A (en) | 1985-09-13 | 1985-09-13 | Combustion reducing nitrogen oxide |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6176815A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2513389A (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-29 | Rjm Corp Ec Ltd | Nozzle for power station burner and method for the use thereof |
| GB201317795D0 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2013-11-20 | Rjm Corp Ec Ltd | Air injection systems for combustion chambers |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5668707A (en) * | 1979-11-07 | 1981-06-09 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Low-nox combusting apparatus |
-
1985
- 1985-09-13 JP JP20163785A patent/JPS6176815A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5668707A (en) * | 1979-11-07 | 1981-06-09 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Low-nox combusting apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6176815A (en) | 1986-04-19 |
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