JPH0240241B2 - Shinkinagoseinohomooyobiheterohorisatsukaraidooyobisonoseizoho - Google Patents
ShinkinagoseinohomooyobiheterohorisatsukaraidooyobisonoseizohoInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0240241B2 JPH0240241B2 JP1937585A JP1937585A JPH0240241B2 JP H0240241 B2 JPH0240241 B2 JP H0240241B2 JP 1937585 A JP1937585 A JP 1937585A JP 1937585 A JP1937585 A JP 1937585A JP H0240241 B2 JPH0240241 B2 JP H0240241B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- saccharide
- gum
- polysaccharide
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 75
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 75
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 claims description 5
- SSZWWUDQMAHNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CCl SSZWWUDQMAHNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SIBFQOUHOCRXDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromopropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CBr SIBFQOUHOCRXDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 xatane Polymers 0.000 description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000311 mannosyl group Chemical group C1([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 5
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002245 Dextrose equivalent Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000869 Homopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical group CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019759 Maize starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical group CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008886 Ceratonia siliqua Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013912 Ceratonia siliqua Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000220485 Fabaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical group CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKFRUJSEPGHZFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-trimethylsilylimidazole Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N1C=CN=C1 YKFRUJSEPGHZFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-DVKNGEFBSA-N alpha-D-glucose Chemical group OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-DVKNGEFBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940023913 cation exchange resins Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical group CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical group C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAGSWDIQBBZLLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethyl(diethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)CCCl RAGSWDIQBBZLLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000006304 Brachychiton acerifolius Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-CUHNMECISA-N D-Cellobiose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-CUHNMECISA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-CBPJZXOFSA-N D-Gulose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-CBPJZXOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-WHZQZERISA-N D-aldose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-WHZQZERISA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-IVMDWMLBSA-N D-allopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002353 D-glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000230012 Gleditsia triacanthos Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013813 Gleditsia triacanthos Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LKDRXBCSQODPBY-AMVSKUEXSA-N L-(-)-Sorbose Chemical compound OCC1(O)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKDRXBCSQODPBY-AMVSKUEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VSOAQEOCSA-N L-altropyranose Chemical compound OC[C@@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VSOAQEOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- AYRXSINWFIIFAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N O6-alpha-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-galactose Natural products OCC1OC(OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O)C(O)C(O)C1O AYRXSINWFIIFAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008098 Oxalis acetosella Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000126309 Trifolium dubium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-KCDKBNATSA-N aldehydo-D-galactose Chemical group OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-KCDKBNATSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-STGXQOJASA-N alpha-D-lyxopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CO[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-STGXQOJASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012431 aqueous reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001719 carbohydrate derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-CQUJWQHSSA-N gentiobiose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O1 DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-CQUJWQHSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005858 glycosidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003147 glycosyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003944 halohydrins Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002373 hemiacetals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002951 idosyl group Chemical class C1([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- HOVAGTYPODGVJG-WLDMJGECSA-N methyl D-glucoside Chemical compound COC1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HOVAGTYPODGVJG-WLDMJGECSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOVAGTYPODGVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl beta-galactoside Natural products COC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O HOVAGTYPODGVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002972 pentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical class [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B11/00—Preparation of cellulose ethers
- C08B11/02—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers
- C08B11/04—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers with substituted hydrocarbon radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
- C08B31/08—Ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00Â -Â C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/006—Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0087—Glucomannans or galactomannans; Tara or tara gum, i.e. D-mannose and D-galactose units, e.g. from Cesalpinia spinosa; Tamarind gum, i.e. D-galactose, D-glucose and D-xylose units, e.g. from Tamarindus indica; Gum Arabic, i.e. L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose and D-glucuronic acid units, e.g. from Acacia Senegal or Acacia Seyal; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0093—Locust bean gum, i.e. carob bean gum, with (beta-1,4)-D-mannose units in the main chain branched with D-galactose units in (alpha-1,6), e.g. from the seeds of carob tree or Ceratonia siliqua; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00Â -Â C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/006—Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0087—Glucomannans or galactomannans; Tara or tara gum, i.e. D-mannose and D-galactose units, e.g. from Cesalpinia spinosa; Tamarind gum, i.e. D-galactose, D-glucose and D-xylose units, e.g. from Tamarindus indica; Gum Arabic, i.e. L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose and D-glucuronic acid units, e.g. from Acacia Senegal or Acacia Seyal; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0096—Guar, guar gum, guar flour, guaran, i.e. (beta-1,4) linked D-mannose units in the main chain branched with D-galactose units in (alpha-1,6), e.g. from Cyamopsis Tetragonolobus; Derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Description
æ¬çºæã¯ãæ°èŠãªåæã®ãã¢åã³ãããããªãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãïŒå€ç³é¡ïŒåã³ãã®è£œé æ³ã«é¢ããã 倩ç¶ã«çããå€ãã®ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã
ãããã«ã©ãžãŒãã³ãããµã¿ã³ãã¢ã©ãã¢ã¬ã å
ã³ã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ãªã©ã®ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã¯ã
ãããããã®ããªããŒæ§æã«åœ±é¿ãããç¬ç¹ã®ã¬
ãªããžãŒçå¢ç²åã³æº¶æ¶²å®å®åç¹æ§ã瀺ãã ãµãã«ã©ã€ãåã¯ãªãªãŽãµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœåŽé
ãæã€çš®ã ã®å€ç³é¡ãäœãããŠãããããšãã°
H.RobertsïŒâStarchïŒChemis try and
TechnologyâïŒVol.ïŒAcademic PressïŒNew
YorkïŒ1967ïŒïŒ332ããŒãžã¯ãããšãã«ãã©ãã·ã
ããã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªè§Šåªããããã©ã³ã¹ã°ãªã³ãžãå
åã¯ããªãŒïŒ¯âã¢ã·ã«ã°ãªã³ã·ã«ãããã€ãã«ã
ãã¢ãããŒã¹ãžã®ããªãã«åºã®ãéå¡©çŽ é žé觊åª
ããã眮æãªã©ã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããã¢ãããŒã¹ãã¢ã
ããŒã¹ãâã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ããã«ããŒã¹ãåã¯ã»ã
ããªãŒã¹ãªãã³ã«ïŒåã¯ïŒä»¥äžã®ïŒ€ãŒã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹
åäœãå«ãããé·ãéã«ãã眮æãããããšãæ
瀺ããã ã¢ãããã¯ãã³ååäžã«ïŒ€âã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹åäœ
ãå°å ¥ããããã®é žè§Šåªããããã©ã³ã¹ã°ãªã³ã·
ãåããŸãèšèŒãããŠããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒé ç³äœïŒè£œé ã®å ¬ç¥æ³ã¯ãéå æ§
æªç«¯åºã®ããããã·ã«ïŒããã¯ããã²ã³ååã¯ãª
ã«ããšã¹ãã«ããããïŒã®ä»ã®ç·ãŠã®ãµãã«ã©ã€
ãã®ããããã·ã«åºãéžæçã«ä¿è·ãïŒå³ã¡ã¢ã»
ãã«åã«ããïŒãã°ãªã³ã·ããäœãããããŠæ¬¡ã«
ä¿è·åºãé€å»ããããã®ãã®ã§ããããã®æ¹æ³ã¯
ã¢ãåã³ãžãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã«ãããŠçšã
ããããããã倧ããªããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã®ããã
ãã·ã«åºã®éžæçä¿è·ã¯ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåæã®ç¬¬äž
段éãšããŠããšãäžå¯èœã§ãªããšããŠãéå®éç
ã§ããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ãŸããã¢ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ã
ãåŒ·é žè§Šåªã®ååšäžã§é«ãããã枩床ã§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ãšåå¿ãããããšã«ãããç·ãŠã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ã
ããããã·ã«åºãä¿è·ããããšãªãäœããããç±³
åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3931148å·ïŒ1976幎ïŒæïŒæ¥ãW.
LangdonïŒæ现æžã¯ãã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ãåã³ã¢
ããµãã«ã©ã€ãã«å æ°Žå解ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€
ãïŒæŸ±ç²åã³ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãå«ãïŒãïŒâã¯ãã«â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšãåå¿ç©ã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ
0.01ã2.0ééïŒ ã®é žè§Šåªã®ããšã§åå¿ãããã
ãšã«ããïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã¢
ãåã³ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ããäœãããšã
èšèŒãããç¶ãå®æœäŸã§ãã詳ããèšè¿°ãããã
ã®æé ã¯èããå æ°Žå解ãããçæç©ãäœããã
ãã¯ãã¶ãé«ãåå¿æž©åºŠã§é žã«ããã²ãèµ·ããã
ãçåã®ããæè²ã§ããã ã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã®è£œé ã«ãããŠè§Š
åªãšããŠãã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èãçšãããããããš
ãã°ãG.BollenbackïŒâGlycosidationâïŒ
Methods in Carbohydrate ChemistryïŒ
Academic PressïŒInc.ïŒNew YorkïŒVol.ïŒ
1963ïŒ326ã327ããŒãžã¯ãã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èã®å
åšäžã§éæµäžã«ç¡æ°ŽïŒ€âã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«
ãšåå¿ããããããŠã°ãªã³ã·ããååããããšã«
ããã¡ãã«ââã°ã«ã³ãã©ãã·ããäœãããšã
èšèŒãããBollenbackã¯ãã¹ã«ãã³åæ¶æ©ããª
ã¹ãã¬ã³ãã¹ã«ãã³åããšããŒã«é¡ãã¹ã«ãã³å
çã®ãããªæš¹èããã®çž®ååå¿ã«ãããŠè§Šåªãšã
ãŠæå裡ã«çšãããããšãå ±åããããããã¯æ¬¡
ã«ãéã«ããé€ãããåŸã«å䜿çšã§ããã æ¬çºæã¯ãäžè¬åŒ ïŒããã§ïŒ°âã¯æŸ±ç²åã³ã¬ã ãããªã矀ããéž
ã°ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãååã瀺ããïŒãµãã«ã©
ã€ãïŒïœââã¯ã¢ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã瀺
ã°ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãååã瀺ããããã§ïŒ¯ã¯
ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœã®æ«ç«¯ãµãã«ã©ã€ãç°äžã®ã°
ãªã³ã·ãççŽ ååã«çµåããŠãããïœã¯ïŒã20ã§
ããïŒãæã€ãã¢åã¯ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããš
ãŒãã«èªå°äœãæäŸããã æ¬çºæã¯ãŸããäžè¿°ã®ãã¢åã¯ãããããªãµã
ã«ã©ã€ããšãŒãã«èªå°äœãäœãæ¹æ³ãæäŸããã
ããã¯ã (a) 柱ç²åã³ã¬ã ããæã矀ããéžã°ããããªãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ãã也ç¥ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€
ãããŒã¹ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.1ã100ééïŒ ã®ãäžè¬åŒ
ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœââïŒããã§ïŒ²ã¯
ãã«ã©ã€ãïŒå€ç³é¡ïŒåã³ãã®è£œé æ³ã«é¢ããã 倩ç¶ã«çããå€ãã®ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã
ãããã«ã©ãžãŒãã³ãããµã¿ã³ãã¢ã©ãã¢ã¬ã å
ã³ã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ãªã©ã®ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã¯ã
ãããããã®ããªããŒæ§æã«åœ±é¿ãããç¬ç¹ã®ã¬
ãªããžãŒçå¢ç²åã³æº¶æ¶²å®å®åç¹æ§ã瀺ãã ãµãã«ã©ã€ãåã¯ãªãªãŽãµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœåŽé
ãæã€çš®ã ã®å€ç³é¡ãäœãããŠãããããšãã°
H.RobertsïŒâStarchïŒChemis try and
TechnologyâïŒVol.ïŒAcademic PressïŒNew
YorkïŒ1967ïŒïŒ332ããŒãžã¯ãããšãã«ãã©ãã·ã
ããã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªè§Šåªããããã©ã³ã¹ã°ãªã³ãžãå
åã¯ããªãŒïŒ¯âã¢ã·ã«ã°ãªã³ã·ã«ãããã€ãã«ã
ãã¢ãããŒã¹ãžã®ããªãã«åºã®ãéå¡©çŽ é žé觊åª
ããã眮æãªã©ã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããã¢ãããŒã¹ãã¢ã
ããŒã¹ãâã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ããã«ããŒã¹ãåã¯ã»ã
ããªãŒã¹ãªãã³ã«ïŒåã¯ïŒä»¥äžã®ïŒ€ãŒã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹
åäœãå«ãããé·ãéã«ãã眮æãããããšãæ
瀺ããã ã¢ãããã¯ãã³ååäžã«ïŒ€âã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹åäœ
ãå°å ¥ããããã®é žè§Šåªããããã©ã³ã¹ã°ãªã³ã·
ãåããŸãèšèŒãããŠããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒé ç³äœïŒè£œé ã®å ¬ç¥æ³ã¯ãéå æ§
æªç«¯åºã®ããããã·ã«ïŒããã¯ããã²ã³ååã¯ãª
ã«ããšã¹ãã«ããããïŒã®ä»ã®ç·ãŠã®ãµãã«ã©ã€
ãã®ããããã·ã«åºãéžæçã«ä¿è·ãïŒå³ã¡ã¢ã»
ãã«åã«ããïŒãã°ãªã³ã·ããäœãããããŠæ¬¡ã«
ä¿è·åºãé€å»ããããã®ãã®ã§ããããã®æ¹æ³ã¯
ã¢ãåã³ãžãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã«ãããŠçšã
ããããããã倧ããªããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã®ããã
ãã·ã«åºã®éžæçä¿è·ã¯ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåæã®ç¬¬äž
段éãšããŠããšãäžå¯èœã§ãªããšããŠãéå®éç
ã§ããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ãŸããã¢ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ã
ãåŒ·é žè§Šåªã®ååšäžã§é«ãããã枩床ã§ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ãšåå¿ãããããšã«ãããç·ãŠã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ã
ããããã·ã«åºãä¿è·ããããšãªãäœããããç±³
åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3931148å·ïŒ1976幎ïŒæïŒæ¥ãW.
LangdonïŒæ现æžã¯ãã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ãåã³ã¢
ããµãã«ã©ã€ãã«å æ°Žå解ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€
ãïŒæŸ±ç²åã³ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãå«ãïŒãïŒâã¯ãã«â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšãåå¿ç©ã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ
0.01ã2.0ééïŒ ã®é žè§Šåªã®ããšã§åå¿ãããã
ãšã«ããïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã¢
ãåã³ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ããäœãããšã
èšèŒãããç¶ãå®æœäŸã§ãã詳ããèšè¿°ãããã
ã®æé ã¯èããå æ°Žå解ãããçæç©ãäœããã
ãã¯ãã¶ãé«ãåå¿æž©åºŠã§é žã«ããã²ãèµ·ããã
ãçåã®ããæè²ã§ããã ã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã®è£œé ã«ãããŠè§Š
åªãšããŠãã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èãçšãããããããš
ãã°ãG.BollenbackïŒâGlycosidationâïŒ
Methods in Carbohydrate ChemistryïŒ
Academic PressïŒInc.ïŒNew YorkïŒVol.ïŒ
1963ïŒ326ã327ããŒãžã¯ãã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èã®å
åšäžã§éæµäžã«ç¡æ°ŽïŒ€âã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«
ãšåå¿ããããããŠã°ãªã³ã·ããååããããšã«
ããã¡ãã«ââã°ã«ã³ãã©ãã·ããäœãããšã
èšèŒãããBollenbackã¯ãã¹ã«ãã³åæ¶æ©ããª
ã¹ãã¬ã³ãã¹ã«ãã³åããšããŒã«é¡ãã¹ã«ãã³å
çã®ãããªæš¹èããã®çž®ååå¿ã«ãããŠè§Šåªãšã
ãŠæå裡ã«çšãããããšãå ±åããããããã¯æ¬¡
ã«ãéã«ããé€ãããåŸã«å䜿çšã§ããã æ¬çºæã¯ãäžè¬åŒ ïŒããã§ïŒ°âã¯æŸ±ç²åã³ã¬ã ãããªã矀ããéž
ã°ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãååã瀺ããïŒãµãã«ã©
ã€ãïŒïœââã¯ã¢ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã瀺
ã°ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãååã瀺ããããã§ïŒ¯ã¯
ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœã®æ«ç«¯ãµãã«ã©ã€ãç°äžã®ã°
ãªã³ã·ãççŽ ååã«çµåããŠãããïœã¯ïŒã20ã§
ããïŒãæã€ãã¢åã¯ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããš
ãŒãã«èªå°äœãæäŸããã æ¬çºæã¯ãŸããäžè¿°ã®ãã¢åã¯ãããããªãµã
ã«ã©ã€ããšãŒãã«èªå°äœãäœãæ¹æ³ãæäŸããã
ããã¯ã (a) 柱ç²åã³ã¬ã ããæã矀ããéžã°ããããªãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ãã也ç¥ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€
ãããŒã¹ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.1ã100ééïŒ ã®ãäžè¬åŒ
ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœââïŒããã§ïŒ²ã¯
ãåŒãåã³ïŒã¯
ãåŒãã§ãããããã§ïŒžã¯å¡©çŽ
åã¯èçŽ ã§ããïŒãæã€ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãšå
å¿ãããããšãåã³ (b) åŸããšãŒãã«èªå°äœãåé¢ããããšã®å段é
ãå å«ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ã柱ç²ã§
ãããšããåå¿ã¯å žåçã«ã¯11ã13ã®PHã§ã奜
ãŸããã¯24ã45âã®æž©åºŠã§ïŒã16æéè¡ãã
ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ãã¬ã ã§ããå Ž
åãåå¿ã¯å žåçã«ã¯ãæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶åªåã³ä¹Ÿç¥
ã¬ã ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.05ã20ïŒ éå°ã¢ã«ã«ãªãå«ãæ°Ž
æ§åªäœäžã§15ã100âã§0.5ã20æéè¡ãããã æ¬çºæã¯æŽã«ãäžè¿°ã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ããªã
ã¡ïŒâããâïŒâããããã·ã«ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·
ããäœãæ¹æ³ãæäŸãããããã¯ãã¢ããµãã«ã©
ã€ããåã¯éå æ§ççŽ ååãå«ã¿ãã€çŽ20åãŸã§
ã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœãæã€ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããã
ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èã®ååšäžã§éå°ã®ïŒâããâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšåå¿ãããããšãå
å«ããã ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èãçšããããšã«ãããã¢ãå
ã³ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ããæž©åãªæž©åºŠã§ç
åããããšãªãïŒåŸãçæç©ãæ·¡è²ã§ããããšã«
ãã瀺ãããïŒäœãããšãã§ãããå ããŠã觊åª
ãéã«ãã容æã«é€å»ã§ããã®ã§ãé žè§Šåªãã
ãç³»ã«ãããããã«äžå段éãå¿ èŠãšãããªãã
æŽã«ãããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãããå ãæ
å°ã®æžæãèµ·ãã®ã¿ã§äœãããšãã§ããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ãéå æ§ççŽ ååãå«ãã¢ãåã³
ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããäœãããšãã§ãããæ«ç«¯ãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãç°ã«ååšãããã®ççŽ ååã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ãšåå¿ããŠãçšããããã¢ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©
ã€ãã«äŸåããŠã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ã±ã¿ãŒã«çµåã«ã
ãçµåãããã°ãªã³ã·ãçæç©ã圢æããããšã
ã§ããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®è£œé ã§çšãããã¢ããµãã«
ã©ã€ããšããŠã¯ãã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ããã«ã¯ããŒã¹ããœ
ã«ããŒã¹ããã³ããŒã¹ãã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹ãã¿ããŒ
ã¹ãã¢ããŒã¹ãã¢ã«ãããŒã¹ãã°ããŒã¹ãã¢ã€ã
ãŒã¹ïŒidoseïŒãã¢ã©ãããŒã¹ããã·ããŒã¹ããªã
ãœãŒã¹ããªããŒã¹åã³ä»ã®é¡äŒŒã®ã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€
ããæããããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®è£œé ã§çšãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ã
ãšããŠã¯ããã«ããŒã¹ãã²ã³ããªããªãŒã¹ãã©ã¯
ããŒã¹ããªãããªãŒã¹ãïŒä»¥äžã®ããã¹ãããŒã¹
åœéïŒDEïŒãæã€æŸ±ç²ã®ãã«ãããã¹ããªã³å
ã³çŽ20å以äžã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœããæãé¡äŒŒã®
ä»ã®ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããæããããã  ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®è£œé æ¬ããã»ã¹ã¯ãã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èã®ååšäžã§ã¢
ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããéå°ã®ïŒâããâïŒïŒ
ïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšåå¿ãããããšãå«ãã
åå¿ã¯ãæ¹æäžã«çŽ55ã80âã奜ãŸããã¯60ã65
âã§ãçŽïŒã20æéã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒæéãã
ãŠè¡ãããã奜ãŸãã枩床åã³çãåå¿æéãçš
ããããšã«ããããªãªãŽãµãã«ã©ã€ã圢æåã³ã
ãªãµãã«ã©ã€ãæžæã®éãäœæžãããããšãçºèŠ
ããããåå¿å®äºåŸã«ãã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èãé€ã
ããã«ãæ··åç©ãéããã次ã«ïŒâããâïŒâ
ããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ããåŸãããã®éå°
ã®ãžãªãŒã«ãå€æ°ã®æ¹æ³ããšãã°æžå§èžçåã¯æ
æ©æº¶å€ã§ã®æŽæµã«ããé€ãããšãã§ãããã¢ããµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãäœãå ŽåããžãªãŒ
ã«ã¯æºå§èžçã§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ80âã®æž©åºŠãïŒmm
Hgã®å§åã§ã°ãªã³ã·ãããé€å»ã§ãããèžçåŸ
ã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ææã«ãããã¢ã»ãã³ã®ãããªæ
æ©æº¶å€ã§æŽãããšãã§ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã§
äœãããã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯æžå§èžçã§ååã§ãããã
ãããçŽ60âããé«ãèžç枩床ã¯ããåã®æžæã
èµ·ããããç¥ããªãããããã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯å¥œãŸã
ãã¯ãã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒãžãªãŒã«æ··åç©ãææ©æº¶å€ã«
æžæ¿ããéå°ã®ãžãªãŒã«åã³ä»ã®æåãé€å»ãã
ããã«å€æ°åéããããšã«ããååãããã æ¬çºæã§ææãªã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ãïŒâ
ããâïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ããã¢ã«
ã«ãªéå±æ°Žé žåç©ãšåå¿ãããŠãšããã·ãåºã圢
æããããšã«ããäœãããšãã§ãããå žåçã«ã¯
ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ãå·åŽããªããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãš
æ··åããããæ··åç©ãé žã§äžåãã次ã«åœ¢æãã
éå±å¡©ãæ²æŸ±ãããããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«æº¶è§£ã
ããéåŸã«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã³æ°Žãæžå§èžçã«ã
ãé€ãããšã«ãã€ãŠã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ãªã³ã·ããåå
ã§ããã çšãããããã²ã³åãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšããŠ
ã¯ãïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«åã³
ïŒâããã ãŒïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãæãã
ãããã¯ãã«èªå°äœã®äœ¿çšãããã®åžè²©å ¥æ容æ
åã³ã³ã¹ãã®æ ã«å¥œãŸãããçšããããç¹å®ã®ãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãåã³ããã²ã³åãããã³ãžãªãŒã«äžãž
ã®ãã®æº¶è§£åºŠããå¿ èŠãªåå¿å€ã®æå°éã決ãã
ã§ããããïŒïŒ1.4ã®ãããªå°ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ã
察ãžãªãŒã«æ¯ãçšããããŠãããã奜ãŸããæ¯ã¯
å°ãªããšãïŒïŒïŒãïŒïŒïŒãæã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒïŒ
ïŒã§ãããäžè¿°ããããã«ãã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ãã
åã³éå æ§ççŽ ååãå«ãçŽ20åãŸã§ã®ãµãã«ã©
ã€ãåäœã®ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããæ¬çºæã§çšãã
ãããµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœã®æ°ãå¢ããšå ±ã«ããªãµã
ã«ã©ã€ãã¯ããäœåå¿æ§ãšãªããããªãã®æžæã
èµ·ã奜ãŸãããªãé«ã枩床ãçšããã«ïŒâããâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ã«æº¶è§£ããã®ãããå°
é£ãšãªãã ã°ãªã³ã·ã補é ã«ãããŠä»»æã®ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹
èãçšããããé©åœãªäº€ææš¹èãšããŠã¯ãã¹ã«ã
ã³åæ¶æ©ããªã¹ãã¬ã³ããšãã°åžè²©å ¥æã§ãã
Amberlite IRâ120ïŒåæšãRohm and Haas
瀟ïŒãDowex50ïŒåæšãDow Chemical瀟ïŒåã³
Permutit ïŒåæšãPermutit瀟ïŒïŒã¹ã«ãã³åã
ãšããŒã«é¡ããšãã°Doulite âïŒïŒåæšã
Diamond Shamrock瀟ïŒïŒåã³ã¹ã«ãã³åçããš
ãã°Zeo Karb ïŒåæšãPermutit瀟ïŒãæãã
ããã奜ãŸããã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èã¯Dowex50ã§
ãããããã§æçšãªæš¹èã®éã¯ããµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒ
ãïŒéééšåœãçŽïŒéšã®æš¹èã奜ãŸããã¯ãµãã«
ã©ã€ãïŒãïŒéééšåœãïŒéšã®æš¹èã§ããã ã¢ãåã³ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯
ããã§ã倩ç¶ã®ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããšãã°ä»»æã®
æ€ç©æºããèªããã柱ç²åã³æŸ±ç²è»¢åçæç©ïŒæŸ±
ç²ãšãŒãã«åã³ãšã¹ãã«ïŒåã³çš®ã ã®æ€ç©ã¬ã å
ã³ã¬ã èªå°ãšåå¿ããããšãã§ããã  æ°èŠãªæŸ±ç²ãšãŒãã«ã®è£œé æ¬çºæã§æŸ±ç²ãšãŒãã«èªå°äœã調æŽããã®ã«çš
ããã柱ç²ããŒã¹ã¯ãä»»æã®æ€ç©æºããšãã°ã³ãŒ
ã³ãããããçãããå°éºŠãç±³ããµãŽãã¿ããª
ã«ãã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºããœã«ã¬ã ãé«ã¢ãããŒã¹ã³
ãŒã³ãªã©ããå°ãããšãã§ããã ä»»æã®æŸ±ç²ããŒã¹ããèªå°ããã転åçæç©ã
ããšãã°é žåã³ïŒåã¯ç±ã®å æ°Žå解äœçšã«ããäœ
ãããããã¹ããªã³ïŒæ¬¡äºå¡©çŽ é žãããªãŠã ã®ã
ããªé žåç©ã§ã®åŠçã«ããäœãããé žå柱ç²ïŒé ž
çŽ è»¢ååã¯æž©åãªé žå æ°Žå解ã«ããäœãããæµå
æ§åã¯ãŠã¹æããªæŸ±ç²ïŒåã³ãšãŒãã«åã³ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®ãããªèªå°æŸ±ç²ãå«ãŸããã柱ç²ããŒã¹ã¯ã
é¡ç²æŸ±ç²åã¯ç³å柱ç²ããªãã¡éé¡ç²æŸ±ç²ã§ãã
ããšãã§ããã ãããããªã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®èª¿è£œåã³æŸ±ç²
ãšããã®åå¿ã¯ãåã åŒåã³ã«ãã瀺ãããš
ãã§ããïŒ ããã§ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœââã¯ã¢ãåã¯ã
ãªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã瀺ããã¯æ«ç«¯ãµãã«ã©ã€ãç°
äžã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãççŽ ååã«çµåããŠãããã¯å¡©
çŽ åã¯èçŽ ã§ãããStâã¯æŸ±ç²ååã瀺ããïœ
ã¯ïŒã20ã§ããã ãããããªã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããåã¯äžèšã®æ§æ ã§ç€ºãããã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®ã©ã¡ã
ã§ãçšãããããšã«çæããªããã°ãªããªãããª
ããªãããšãŒãã«ååå¿ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¡ä»¶äžã§ã®
ã¿ããããããªã³åºãå ããšããã·ãã®åœ¢ã«è»¢å
ãããåŸã«é²ãããã§ãããããšãã°ïŒâããâ
ïŒâããããã·ã«ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãåã¯
ã°ãªã·ãžã«âã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ããã柱ç²
ã¯ãäžèšã®ãããªã©ã³ãã ã«ååšãããµãã«ã©ã€
ãåŽéãæã€æ°èŠãªæŸ±ç²ãšãŒãã«ãäžããã ããã§ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœã¯ãã°
ã«ã³ãŒã¹ååã®C1ççŽ ååã«ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«çµåã«
ããçµåãããŠããããšãèŠãããã§ãããã 柱ç²ååã¯ãåã ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãšåå¿ãã
ãïŒã€ã®éé¢ããããã·ã«åºãæã€ãšããã®ïŒïŒ
ã€ã®éé¢ããããã·ã«åºãå«ããééå æ§æ«ç«¯ã°
ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœãé€ãïŒå€ãã®ç¡æ°Žã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœ
ããæ§æãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã§ããããšãåœ
æ¥è ã¯ç¥ã€ãŠããã§ããããããªãã¡ããã®ãã
ãªæ§æã®æ°åã¯çœ®æ床ïŒDSïŒã¯ãç¹å®ãªæŸ±ç²ã
åå¿å€å¯ŸæŸ±ç²ã®æ¯ãåã³ããçšåºŠåå¿æ¡ä»¶ã«ãã€
ãŠå€ãã§ãããããŸããç¡æ°Žã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœå ã®
ããããã·ã«åºã®åã ã®çžå¯Ÿçåå¿æ§ã¯åãã§ãª
ãããšãç¥ãããŠããã®ã§ããããã®ãä»ã®ãã®
ããåå¿å€ãšããåå¿æ§ã§ããããšã¯ããããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ãéšåããŸãã
éé¢ã®ããããã·ã«åºãå«ããåŸã€ãŠãã¢ã«ã«ãª
觊åªãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããšãŒãã«ååå¿ã«ã
ããŠã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãå¥ã®åå¿å€ååãšåå¿ã
ãå¯èœæ§ãããããšãç解ãããªããã°ãªããª
ãããã®ãããªåå¿ã¯ã柱ç²åã¯ä»ã®ããªãµãã«
ã©ã€ãååãšåå¿ãããæªåå¿ã°ãªã³ã·ã«åºããŸ
ãå«ããµãã«ã©ã€ãå«æååãäžããã 柱ç²åå¿ã¯ãããšãã°æ°Žæ§åå¿åªäœãææ©æº¶åª
åªäœãçšããå€ãã®å ¬ç¥ã®ããæ¹ãåã¯æ¹¿ã€ã柱
ç²ã±ãŒããã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã§å«æµžã次ã«ä¹Ÿç±ã«
ããã也ç±åå¿æ³ãªã©ã«ããå®æœã§ããã 奜ãŸããæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ãåå¿ã¯æŸ±ç²ããŒã¹ã®
æ°Žæ§ã¹ã©ãªãŒåã¯æ°Žæ§åæ£ç©ãçšããŠæ°Žæ§åªäœäž
ã§å®æœããããã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯ãåºäœãšããŠ
åã¯æ°Žæ§æº¶æ¶²ãšããŠåå¿æ··åç©ã«å ããããšãã§
ããã溶液ã®å¥œãŸããæ¿åºŠã¯ãåå¿å€ééã«åºã¥
ããŠ20ã50ééã§ãããå¥ã®ããæ¹ã§ã¯ã°ãªã³ã·
ãåå¿å€æº¶æ¶²ã¯ããã®æŸ±ç²ããŒã¹ãžã®æ·»å åã«æ
ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ã®PHã«ããããããã¯ååãªã¢ã«ã«
ãªã®æ·»å ã«ããè¡ããããå¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ã也ãã
柱ç²ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æº¶æ¶²ã«å ã
ãããšãã§ããã ããã§æŸ±ç²ãšã®åå¿ã«çšããããã°ãªã³ã·ãå
å¿å€ã®éã¯ãçšãããã柱ç²ããŒã¹ãçšãããã
ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãæçµçæç©ã«ãããŠæãŸãã
眮æ床åã³ãããçšåºŠãçšããããåå¿æ¡ä»¶ããª
ã©ã®ãããªå åã«äŸåããŠã也ç¥æŸ±ç²ééã«åºã¥
ãçŽ0.1ã100ééïŒ ã§å€ãã§ãããã 柱ç²åå¿ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¡ä»¶äžã§ã11ã13ã®PHã
奜ãŸããã¯11.4ã12.4ã§è¡ããããã¢ã«ã«ãªã¯ã
ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®æ·»å å ã«åã¯åŸã«ã柱ç²ã¹ã©
ãªãŒåã¯åæ£ç©ã«å ããããšãã§ãããPHã¯ãæ°Ž
é žåãããªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã«ã«ã·
ãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãæ°Žé žåããã©ã¡ãã«
ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãªã©ã®æ·»å ã«ãã簡䟿ã«å¶åŸ¡ãã
ãã奜ãŸããå¡©åºã¯æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã§ããã é¡ç²æŸ±ç²ãšã®åå¿ãè¡ãå Žåãåå¿ã也ç¥æŸ±ç²
ã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ10ã40ééïŒ ã®éã®å¡©ããšãã°ç¡«é žã
ããªãŠã ã®ååšäžã§è¡ãããšããšãã«æãŸããã
ã®ã§ãããããç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã®ååšã¯ã柱ç²ã®
èšæœ€ãæå¶ããããã«åããããéããããç
æç©ãäžãããç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã¯ãæ°Žé žåã«ã«ã·
ãŠã åå¿ã«ãããŠã¯çšããããªãã åå¿æ··åç©ã¯ãæãŸããåå¿æ¡ä»¶äžã§æ¹æãã
ããåå¿æéã¯ãçšããããã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®
éã枩床ãPHãåå¿ã®èŠæš¡åã³æã眮æ床ã®ãã
ãªå åã«äŸåããŠ0.5ã20æéã§å€ãããããäž
è¬ã«ãåå¿æéã®å¥œãŸããç¯å²ã¯ïŒã16æéã§ã
ãã åå¿ã¯ã20ã95âã奜ãŸããã¯25ã45âã®æž©åºŠ
ã§è¡ããããæ°Žæ§åªäœäžã§ã®é¡ç²æŸ±ç²ã«ãããŠçŽ
60âããäžã®æž©åºŠã®äœ¿çšã¯ãé¡ç²èšæœ€åã³éå°
é£åã¯æŸ±ç²ç³åãçµæããããšãåœæ¥è ã«ã¯ç解
ãããããããé«ãåå¿æž©åºŠãæãŸããäŸã§ã¯ã
èšæœ€ãé€ãããã«æ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ãå«ãæ°Žæ§æº¶æ¶²ã
çšããããšãã§ããã åå¿å®äºåŸã«åå¿æ··åç©ã®PHããä»»æã®åžè²©ã®
é žããšãã°å¡©é žãç¡«é žãé ¢é žãªã©ã«ããïŒãïŒã®
å€ã«èª¿ç¯ããããã®ãããªé žã¯åžæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšããŠç°¡
䟿ã«æ·»å ã§ããã ãã®æ°èŠãªèªå°äœã®ååã¯å®¹æã«è¡ãªãããšã
ã§ããçšããããç¹å®ã®æ¹æ³ã¯æŸ±ç²ããŒã¹ã®åœ¢ã«
äŸåãããããªãã¡ãé¡ç²æŸ±ç²ã¯ãéã«ããå
åãããå Žåã«ããæ®çå¡©ãé€ãããã«æ°Žã§æŽã
ãããããŠä¹Ÿç¥ããããé¡ç²æŸ±ç²çæç©ã¯ãŸãã
éé¡ç²çæç©ïŒããªãã¡ç³åããïŒã圢æããã
ãã«ãã©ã 也ç¥ãã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ãåã¯ç³åãšã¢ã«
ã³ãŒã«æ²æŸ±ã«ããåé¢ãåã¯åçµä¹Ÿç¥ããããšã
ã§ããã柱ç²çæç©ãéé¡ç²ã§ããã°ãããã¯æ®
çããå¡©ãé€ãããã«éæã«ãã粟補ããã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«æ²æŸ±ãåçµä¹Ÿç¥åã¯ã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ã«ããåé¢
ã§ããã ç³ååŸã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²äžã®æ¬çºæã®æ°èŠèªå°äœã®èŠ³å¯
ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯æŸ±ç²çæç©ãå®
å®åãããããçŠæ¢ããªãããšã瀺ãããã®å€§ã
ã«æãŸããç¹æ§ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®èªå°äœãããšãã°
çš®ã ã®ãµã€ãžã³ã°ãã³ãŒãã€ã³ã°ãå¢ç²åã³æ¥ç
å€åéã§äœ¿çšããããšãå¯èœã«ããã æ°Žæ§æº¶æ¶²äžã§ã®æŸ±ç²é¡ç²ã®ç³å枩床ã¯ãç¹å®ã®
柱ç²ã®ã¿ã€ãã«ããå€ãã柱ç²ã®ç³å枩床ã«éã
ããšãé¡ç²ã¯ååéæ°ŽçŽ çµåã匱ããªã厩å£ãã
ã®ã§èšæœ€ãã¯ãããã 柱ç²é¡ç²ãèšæœ€ãç¶ãããšã察å¿ããŠéææ§ã
溶解æ§åã³ç²åºŠã®å¢å ãèŠãããã é¡ç²ã®æŸ±ç²ååãžã®çš®ã ã®çœ®æåºã®å°å ¥ã¯ãé¡
ç²ãäºãã«ä¿æããäŒåçµæã劚害ããããã®ã
ãã«ããŠãåŸæ¥ã«ãããç¡æ°Žé ¢é žåã³ãããã¬ã³
ãªããµã€ããåã³æ¬çºæã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®ãããªäž
å®èœæ§åå¿å€ã«ãã柱ç²ã®èªå°äœåã¯ã柱ç²ã®æ¹
å枩床ãäœäžããããéèªå°äœå柱ç²ããŒã¹ã«æ¯
ã¹ãå 工柱ç²ã®æ¹å枩床ã¯ã柱ç²çæç©ã®èªå°äœ
å床ã®å®æ§ç尺床ã§ãããçš®ã ã®æž©åºŠã§æŸ±ç²æžæ¿
ç©ã®ç²åºŠã枬ãã®ã«çšããããè£ çœ®ã§ãããã©ã
ã³ããŒãã¹ã³ãŒã¢ããã°ã©ãã¯ãŸããç³å枩床ã
決å®ããã«ãæçšã§ããããã®ãããªæž¬å®ã®æ¹æ³
ã以äžã«è¿°ã¹ãã  æ°èŠãªã¬ã ãšãŒãã«ã®èª¿è£œ æ€ç©æºããå°ãããä»»æã®å€©ç¶ã¬ã ãæ¬çºæã§
çšããããé žãç±ãåªæãåã³ïŒåã¯é µçŽ ã®å æ°Ž
å解äœçšããåŸãããã¬ã æžæçæç©ïŒé žåã¬
ã ãèªå°äœåã¬ã ããšãã°ãšã¹ãã«åã¯ãšãŒã
ã«ïŒä»ã®å žåçãªçæ°Žåç©èªå°äœãããã§çšãã
ã®ã«é©ããŠãããããªã¬ã©ã¯ããã³ãã³ã¬ã ã®äœ¿
çšã奜ãŸããããããã¬ã ã¯ãé·éã®ãã³ããŒã¹
åäœåã³ã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹åäœã®åäžåäœåŽéããäž»
ã«æããããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã§ããããããã¯
äžè¬ã«ãæ€ç©LeguminosaeïŒãã¡ç§ïŒã®æãçš®ã
ããšãã°ã°ã¢ãŒãããªããŸããhoney locustïŒã
ãã¡ãã®é¡ïŒãç«çæš¹ïŒblame treeïŒã®çš®åã®è
ä¹³äžã«èŠãåºãããããããã¯ãèä¹³ã¹ããªãã
ããªãã¡åŒ·ããããããªãèä¹³éšåã®åœ¢ã§ïŒç±³åœ
ç¹èš±ç¬¬3132681å·ã1964幎ïŒæ12æ¥ãJ.L.KeenïŒ
ãã¹ããªãããåé¢ããæ¹æ³åç §ïŒãåã¯å¥œãŸã
ãã¯ç²Ÿè£œããåã¯ç²Ÿè£œããªãæœããèä¹³ã®åœ¢ã§
ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬2891050å·ã1959幎ïŒæ16æ¥ãG.W.
Elverum ïœïŒåã³ç¬¬3455899å·ã1969幎ïŒæ15
æ¥ãJ.L.Keenåç §ïŒçšããããšãã§ããã æã奜ãŸããã¬ã ã¯ãåžè²©å ¥æ容æã®æ ã«ã°ã¢
ãŒã¬ã åã³ããªããŸãã¬ã ã§ãããã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ã¯
äž»ã«ãçŽéãã³ãã³ã§ãããããã§ãã³ããŒã¹å
äœã¯ãïŒïŒïŒâαâã°ãªã³ã·ãçµåã§çµåããã
ã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹åæãå¥ã®ãã³ããŒã¹åäœäžã®1.6
çµåã«ããèµ·ãïŒã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹å¯Ÿãã³ããŒã¹æ¯ïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒïŒãããæããªããã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ã¯ãç±³åœç¹
蚱第4031306å·ïŒ1977幎ïŒæ21æ¥ãR.N.
DeMartinoïŒæ现æžã«åŸã粟補ã§ãããã®å Žå
æ®ççªçŽ å«éã¯çŽ0.7ïŒ ãã0.1ïŒ æªæºã«æžå°ãã
ã§ããããããªããŸãã«ã ã¯ã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ãšé¡äŒŒã®
æ§é ãæã¡ãã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹å¯Ÿãã³ããŒã¹æ¯ã¯ïŒïŒ
ïŒã§ããããããåæã¯èŠåæ£ããééã眮ãã
ãŠããªãã ã¬ã ååã¯ãç¹å®ã®ã¬ã ãçšããããåå¿å€ã®
éãåã³åå¿æ¡ä»¶ã®ãããªå åã«äŸåããŠçš®ã ã®
åå¿æ§ã§åå¿å€ãšåå¿ããããå¹³åäžã€ã®å©çšã
ããããããã·ã«åºãåã æã€å€ãã®ç¡æ°Žç³åäœ
ãå«ãããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã§ããããšãåœæ¥è ã¯ç
解ããã§ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠåå¿ã¯ãåºäœã®ããªã¬ã©
ã¯ããã³ãã³ã¬ã ãšæ¥è§Šããæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€åã³æ°Ž
溶æ§åå¿å€ã¯æ°Žæ§æº¶æ¶²ããæãäºçžåå¿ç³»äžã§è¡
ããããæ°Žå«éã¯ãéžãã æ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ã«äŸåã
ãŠ10ã60ééïŒ ã§ãããããããããŸãã«å€ãã®
æ°Žãåå¿ç³»äžã«ååšãããšãã¬ã ã¯èšæœ€ãåã¯æº¶
解ããããã«ããã¬ã èªå°äœã®åååã³ç²Ÿè£œãè€
éã«ããã æ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ã¯ãæ¹æåã³ãã³ã移éã§ããã¬
ã æžæ¿ç©ã®èª¿è£œã®ããã«ååãªéã§å ããããã
æ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€å¯Ÿã¬ã ã®ééæ¯ã¯ãïŒïŒïŒã10ïŒ
ïŒã奜ãŸããã¯1.5ïŒïŒãïŒïŒïŒã§å€ããããšã
ã§ããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããé©åœãªæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ãšããŠ
ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ããŒã«ãã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãç°ç¶åã³éç°ç¶
ã¢ã«ã«ãªãšãŒãã«ãã¢ã«ã«ãã³ããžã¢ã«ãã«ãã«
ã ã¢ããåã³ãããã®æ··åç©ãæãããããå žå
çãªæº¶å€ã¯ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããšã¿ããŒã«ãã€ãœãã
ãããŒã«ã第äºãã³ã¿ããŒã«ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒ
ã«ãã¢ã»ãã³ãã¡ãã«ãšãã«ã±ãã³ããžãšãã«ã±
ãã³ãããã©ããããã©ã³ããžãªããµã³ãåã³ãž
ã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ããã§ããã ã¬ã ãšã®åå¿ã§çšããããã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®
éã¯ãçšããã¬ã ãçšããåå¿å€ãæçµçæç©ã§
æãŸãã眮æ床ãåã³ããçšåºŠçšããåå¿æ¡ä»¶ã®
ãããªå åã«äŸåããŠã也ç¥ã¬ã ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ
0.1ã100ééïŒ ã§ãããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯ãåºäœãšããŠåã¯æ°Žæ§æº¶å€
ãšããŠåå¿æ··åç©ã«å ããããšãã§ããã溶液ã®
奜ãŸããæ¿åºŠã¯ãåå¿å€ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠ20ã50é
éïŒ ã§ãããå¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€æº¶æ¶²
ããã¬ã ãžã®æ·»å åã«æãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ã®PHãšãª
ããããã¯ååãªã¢ã«ã«ãªã®æ·»å ã«ããéæãã
ããæŽã«å¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ã也ããã¬ã ããæ°Žåã³æ°Ž
æ··åæ§æº¶å€ãå«ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§
溶液ã«å ããããšãã§ããã ã¬ã åå¿ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ¡ä»¶äžã§è¡ããããã¢
ã«ã«ãªã¯ãåå¿å€ã®æ·»å ååã¯åŸã«ã¬ã æžæ¿ç©ã«
å ããããšãã§ãããå žåçãªã¢ã«ã«ãªãšããŠ
ã¯ãæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ãæ°Žé žå
ã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãæ°Žé žåããã©
ã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãªã©ãæããããã奜ãŸãã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªã¯æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã§ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªã®
ããç©ã¯åå¿ç©ãšããŠåããããªãã¡ã¬ã ãåå¿
å€ãšåå¿ãããšã圢æãããå¡©é žãäžåããã¢ã«
ã«ãªã®ããç©ã¯è§ŠåªãšããŠåããåŸã€ãŠéå°ã®ã¢
ã«ã«ãªããåå¿ã觊åªããããã«å¿ èŠãšãããã
觊åªãšããŠåãéå°ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªã¯ãã¬ã ã®ééã«
察ããŠçŽ0.05ã20ééïŒ ã®éã§å€ãããããã®é
å°ã¢ã«ã«ãªã¯ãã¬ã ãšãŒãã«ååå¿ã®éã«æ¶è²»ã
ããªãã åå¿ã¯ã15ã100âã奜ãŸããã¯20ã60âã®æž©
床ã§è¡ããããåå¿æ··åç©ã¯ãæãŸããåå¿æ¡ä»¶
äžã§æ¹æããããåå¿æéã¯ãçšããããã°ãªã³
ã·ãåå¿å€ã®éãå®å®æ§åã³åå¿æ§ã枩床ãPHã
åå¿ã®èŠæš¡ãåã³æã眮æ床ã®ãããªå åã«äŸå
ããŠ0.5ã20æéã§å€ããããäžè¬ã«ã奜ãŸãã
åå¿æéã¯ç¯å²ã¯ïŒã16æéã§ããã åå¿çµäºåŸã«ãéå°ã¢ã«ã«ãªãé žããšãã°å¡©
é žãç¡«é žãé ¢é žãã¯ãšã³é žãªã©ã§äžåããããšã
奜ãŸããã ãšã¹ãã«ååå¿ã®çµäºåŸã«ãæ°èŠãªã¬ã ãšãŒã
ã«èªå°äœã¯ãé å¿åé¢åã¯éã«ããåå¿æ··åç©
ããåé¢ãããããã®ããã«ååãããåºäœèªå°
äœã¯å¥œãŸããã¯æŽã«åŠçãããæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ã®æ°Ž
æ§æº¶æ¶²ã§æŽãããšã«ãã粟補ããã次ã«åã溶å€
ã®ããæ°Žã«å¯ã圢ã®æº¶æ¶²ã§æŽãããã 以äžã®å®æœäŸã§ãç¹èšãªãéãç·ãŠã®éšåã³ã
ãŒã»ã³ãã¯ééã«åºã¥ããç·ãŠã®æž©åºŠã¯ã»æ°ã§ã
ãã柱ç²èªå°äœã®ç³å枩床ã¯ãäžèšã®æé ã§æ±ºå®
ãããã ç³åæž©åºŠæž¬å® 70.4ïœã®æŸ±ç²ïŒä¹Ÿç¥æŸ±ééã«ã€ããŠïŒãåã³
400.0ïœã®äŸçµŠç©å šééãåŸããããããªéã®èž
çæ°Žããæãã¹ã©ãªãŒããã©ãã³ããŒãã¹ã³ã¢ã
ãã°ã©ãã«å ¥ãããã¹ã©ãªãŒã30âã«å ç±ãã次
ã«ïŒåéåœã1.5âã®é床ã§ãã€ããå ç±ããã
ç³å枩床ã¯ãã¹ã©ãªãŒã100ãã©ãã³ããŒåäœã®
ç²åºŠã«éããæã®æž©åºŠãšããŠèšé²ãããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ æ¬å®æœäŸã¯ãïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãã
ãã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®èª¿è£œãäŸç€ºããã åçž®åšãæ©æ¢°çæ¹æè£ çœ®åã³å ç±æ段ãåãã
0.5äžžåºãã©ã¹ã³ã«ã80ïœïŒ0.44ã¢ã«ïŒã®ãã
ã¹ãããŒã¹ã237ïœïŒ2.15ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒâã¯ãã«â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãåã³20ïœã®ïŒšïŒåã®
Dowex50WâX8ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èïŒ1.9meïœïŒ
mlïŒãå ãããæ··åç©ã60âã«å ç±ãããã®æž©åºŠ
ã§16æéæ¹æãããåå¿æ··åç©ãå·åŽãã次ã«æš¹
èãé€ãããã«ã¬ãŒãŒåžã§éããã åå¿æ··åç©ã¯ææŸã§æ·¡é»è²ã§ãã€ããæªåå¿ãž
ãªãŒã«ãã80âãïŒmmHgã§ã®æžå§èžçã«ããé€
å»ãããåžæ¹¿æ§ã®åºäœçæç©ãã¢ã»ãã³äžã«ã¹ã©
ãªãŒåããæ®ã€ãäžçŽç©ãé€å»ããããã«äžå
éãã次ã«æžå§ãã·ã±ãŒã¿ãŒäžã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããã軜ã
ããŒãžãŠè²ã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãã80ïŒ åçïŒçè«å€ã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠïŒã§ååããããC13NMRã¹ãã¯ãã©ã«å
æã¯ã92åã³96ppmã§ã®éå æ§ççŽ ååããã¢ã»
ã¿ãŒã«ã·ã°ãã«ã®äžååšã瀺ãããã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«çµ
åã«å¯Ÿå¿ãã100.2åã³104.3ppmã§ã°ãªã³ã·ãç
çŽ ã瀺ãã·ã°ãã«ãèšé²ããããææ©å¡©çŽ åæ
ã¯ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã®ååé272.54ã«å¯ŸããŠäºæãã
ãå€13.02ïŒ ã®ä»£ãã«11.5ïŒ ææ©å¡©çŽ ã瀺ããã
ããã¯ãå°çšåºŠã®ãªãªãŽãµãã«ã©ã€ã圢æãèµ·
ããã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããªãã³ã«å°éã®ãªãªãŽãµã
ã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã®äž¡è ãå«ãçæç©ãããã
ããäºã瀺ãã å®æœäŸïŒ ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ãã®å®æœäŸã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒã§ã®ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹è
ã®ä»£ãã«åŒ·é žè§Šåªãçšããããšã«ããïŒâã¯ãã«
âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®èª¿
補ãäŸç€ºããã ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3931148å·ïŒå ã«åŒçšããïŒã«èšèŒ
ãããããããšåæ§ã®æé ãçšãããåçž®åšãæ©
械çæ¹æè£ çœ®åã³å ç±æ段ãåããããïŒäžžåº
ãã©ã¹ã³ã«ã90ïœïŒ0.5ã¢ã«ïŒã®ããã¹ãããŒã¹ã
55.3ïœïŒ0.5ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒïŒ2.âããã
ã³ãžãªãŒã«åã³0.5ïœã®æ¿ç¡«é žãå ããã æ¹æäžã«æ··åç©ã94ã102âã«å ç±ãïŒå€§æ°å§
äžïŒããã®æž©åºŠã§10åéä¿ã€ããã¹ã©ãªãŒã¯ææŸ
ã«ãªããã¢ã³ããŒè²ã§ãã€ãã30åéãããŠãã
ã©ã¹ã³ã®å 容ç©ãããçŽ110âã®æž©åºŠåã³ïŒmmHg
ã®å§åã§ã®æžå§èžçã«ããæ°Žåã³æªåå¿ãžãªãŒã«
ãã¹ããªããããã宀枩ã«å·åŽããããæè€è²ã®
çæç©ãåºåãããC13NMRã¹ãã¯ãã©ã«åæ
ã¯ã92.2åã³96.8ã§ã®äºã€ã®ããŒã¯ã瀺ããçŽ25
ïŒ ã®æªåå¿ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã®ååšã瀺ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®å®æœäŸã¯ãïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ã
ããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãããã®ã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ã«ã³
ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®èª¿è£œãäŸç€ºããã å®æœäŸïŒã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®åèš32ïœãããã°ãã
ãã¯ã¹ã¿ãŒã©ãŒãåãã250mläžžåºãã©ã¹ã³äžã§
30mlã®æ°Žã«æº¶è§£ããããã©ã¹ã³åã³å 容ç©ãæ°·æ°Ž
济äžã§å·åŽãããå·åŽããªããã20mlã®æ°Žäžã®æ°Ž
é žåã«ãªãŠã 3.70ïœã®æº¶æ¶²ãã°ãªã³ã·ã溶液ã«çŽ
ïŒæéãããŠãã€ããå ãããæ··åç©ã宀枩ã«ã
ãããŸãã®ãèš±ãã12ã®PHãèšé²ãããã 1Mã®å¡©é žã§æ··åç©ãäžåããå·èµåº«ã§äžå€è²¯
èµãããå ãå¡©åºæ§ã®æ··åç©ãåäžåãã次ã«ã°
ãªã³ã·ããå¯æº¶åããããã«250mlã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«
ã«æº¶è§£ããŠäœãããå¡©åã«ãªãŠã å¡©ãæ²æŸ±ããã
éåŸã«ã¡ã¿ããŒã«åã³æ°Žãæžå§èžçã§é€å»ããŠ
ã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ãªã³ã·ããæ®ããããšããã·ã管èœ
æ§ã®ååšã¯ãâOrganic AnalysisâïŒVol.1ïŒJ.
Mitchell Jr.ç·šïŒInterscience Publishing Inc.
New YorkïŒ1953ïŒãããŒãž132ã134ã«èšèŒãã
ãæ°Žæ§å¡©åãã°ãã·ãŠã å¡©åæ°ŽçŽ åã«ãã確èªã
ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®å®æœäŸã¯ããã·ããŒã¹ã®ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâ
ããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®èª¿è£œãäŸç€ºã
ãã å®æœäŸïŒã«èšèŒããåå¿åã³ååæé ã«åŸãã
40ïœïŒ0.27ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒ€âãã·ããŒã¹ïŒãã³ããŒ
ã¹ïŒã90mlïŒ1.05ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšã10ïœã®Dowex50WâX8æš¹
èïŒïŒšïŒåœ¢ïŒã®ååšäžã§åèšïŒæéåå¿ãããã C13NMRã¹ãã¯ãã©ã«åæã¯ãã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«çµ
åã«å¯Ÿå¿ãã99.5åã³104.2ppmã§ã°ãªã³ã·ãç
çŽ ã瀺ãããçŽãã·ããŒã¹ã®éå æ§ççŽ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ã
ã91.9åã¯96.3ã§ã®ã·ã°ãã«ã¯ååšãããããã¯
çæç©äžã«éé¢ãã·ããŒã¹ãæ®ã€ãŠããªãããšã
瀺ããã¯ãã«ã¡ãã«ççŽ ã·ã°ãã«ïŒ46.8ppmïŒå
ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãççŽ ã·ã°ãã«ã®ç©åã¯ãçæç©ã®çŽ
50ïŒ ããªãªãŽãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ããšããŠååš
ããããšã瀺ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®å®æœäŸã¯ã10ã®DEãæã€ãšäºãããã10
ã®ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœãå«ããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®ïŒ
âã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®
調補ã瀺ãã å®æœäŸïŒã®æé ãç¹°è¿ãããäœããåå¿æéã¯
ïŒæéã«æžãããæžå§èžç段éã¯çç¥ããããã
ã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã84ïŒ ã®åçïŒçè«
å€ã«å¯ŸãïŒã§ååããããã°ãªã³ã·ãçæç©ã®
C13NMRã¹ãã¯ãã«ã¯ããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®
éå æ§ççŽ ååã®ããã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åœ¢ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããä¿¡
å·ã瀺ããªãã€ãããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®Î±âå
ã³Î²âã°ãªã³ã·ãççŽ çµåã«å¯Ÿå¿ãã98.6ïŒ
99.9ïŒåã³102.8ppmã§ä¿¡å·ãèšé²ããããåæ
ã¯ãDE10ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®ååéã«å¯ŸããŠäºæãã
ã2.15ïŒ ã«å¯ŸããŠ2.62ïŒ ã®ååç©ã®ææ©å¡©çŽ å«é
ã瀺ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®äŸã¯ãïŒã®DEãæã€ãšåŸæ¥äºãããŠãã
20ã®ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœãå«ããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®
ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ã
ã®èª¿è£œãäŸç€ºããã å®æœäŸïŒã®æé ããïŒã®DEãæã€ãã«ããã
ã¹ããªã³ïŒAnheuser Busch瀟ããïŒãçšããŠç¹°
ãããäœããæžå§èžç段éã¯çç¥ããããïŒâã¯
ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«äžã§ã®60âã§ã®
ããé«ãååéã®ãã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®æº¶è§£åºŠã
äœãã®ã§ã枩床ã¯80âã«äžãããããåæ£ããŠã
ãæ··åç©ã60âã«å·åŽããïŒæéåå¿ããããå
èšåå¿æéã¯ïŒæéã§ãã€ãã C13NMRåæã¯ãéå æ§ççŽ ååã®ååšã瀺
ããªãã€ãããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ããªããŒéã®ã¯
ãã«ã¡ãã«ççŽ ã·ã°ãã«åã³Î±âã°ãªã³ã·ã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒççŽ ïŒåã ã46.6åã³100.7ppmã§ïŒã
ç©åãããšãïŒïŒ20ã®äºæãããæ¯ã®ä»£ãã«ïŒïŒ
15ã®æ¯ã瀺ããããã®ããšã¯ãå ãã®æžæã«ãã
çããããåäœååéã®ã¯ãã«ãããªã³ã°ãªã³ã·
ãã®ååšã瀺ãããµã³ãã«ã®ææ©å¡©çŽ åæïŒåå
éã«åºã¥ãäºæ³å€1.02ïŒ ã«å¯ŸããŠã1.77ïŒ ïŒã¯ã
ãã®ããŒã¿ã確èªããã åæ§ã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãããäžè¿°ã®Anheuser Busch
ã®ããã¹ããªã³ãšæ¯ã¹ãŠé«åºŠã«åæãããã«ãã
ãã¹ããªã³ïŒDE5ïŒãçšããŠèª¿è£œããã å®æœäŸïŒåã³ïŒ åã ãã«ããŒã¹ãšãã«ã¯ããŒã¹ãçšããå®æœäŸ
ïŒåã³ïŒã®ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«
ã°ãªã³ã·ãçæç©ã®èª¿è£œã®ããã«çšããæé ã¯ã
åå¿æéãïŒæéã«çããããä»ã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒã®
ãããšæ¬è³ªçã«åãã§ãã€ãã äžèšã®ãã«ã¯ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ããã«ã¯ããŒã¹å
åã®C2ççŽ ã«ã±ã¿ãŒã«çµåãæã€ã°ãªã³ã·ãå
å¿å€ã®äŸã瀺ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®äŸã¯ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒããå®æœäŸïŒããã®ïŒ
âã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³
ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠãåæã®ãã¢ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ã
ã調補ããããšã瀺ãã 100éšã®ã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒããšïŒéšã®ïŒâã¯ãã«â
ïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒä¹Ÿç¥
åºæºïŒãã1.6éšã®æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãš20éšã®ç¡«
é žãããªãŠã ãš150éšã®æ°Žã®æº¶æ¶²ã«å ãããæ··å
ç©ã40âã§16æéæ¹æããã次ã«PHãã9.3ïŒ å¡©
é žæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®æ·»å ã«ãã12.0ãã5.5ã«äžããã柱
ç²èªå°äœãéããŠååããé žæ§ã®æ°ŽïŒPH5.5ïŒ
ã§ïŒåæŽãã颚也ããã èªå°äœå柱ç²çæç©åã¯ãã®æªèªå°äœåããŒã¹
ã®7.7ïŒ ïŒä¹Ÿç¥åºæºïŒãå«ãæ°Žæ§ã¹ã©ãªãŒãæ¯èŒ
ã®ããã«ã沞隰氎溶äžã§20åéç ®ããç³åããç©
ãæ€æ»ã®åã«ã宀枩ã«äžå€çœ®ãããã³ãŒã³ããŒã¹
ã®ç©ã¯ãã€ããããã²ã«ãäœã€ããäžæ¹ãèªå°äœ
å柱ç²ã®ç©ã¯ã²ã«ã圢æãããå®å®åãããŠã
ããç³å枩床ããŒã¿ãè¡šã«ç€ºãã å®æœäŸ 10 ãã®äŸã¯ãã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºæŸ±ç²ãå®æœäŸïŒãã
ã®ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠåæãã¢ããªãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ããäœãããšãäŸç€ºããã 100éšã®ã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºæŸ±ç²ãš8.5éšã®ã°ã«ã³ã°
ãªã³ã·ãïŒä¹Ÿç¥åºæºïŒããå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«åå¿
ããããèªå°äœåã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºçæç©åã³ãã®
æªèªå°äœåããŒã¹ã®6.25ïŒ ïŒä¹Ÿç¥åºæºïŒã®æ°Žæ§ã¹
ã©ãªãŒã®ã¯ããã³ã°åŸã®æ¯èŒã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§
ã«è¡ã€ããäºã€ã®ç ®ãç©ã¯åãã§ãããèªå°äœå
ã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºçæç©ã®çŠæ¢ã瀺ããªããç³åæž©
床ããŒã¿ãè¡šã«ç€ºãã å®æœäŸ 11 å®æœäŸïŒã®æé ãçšããŠãå®æœäŸïŒã®ã°ã«ã³ã°
ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®åŠçã¬ãã«åã³çšãã柱ç²ããŒ
ã¹ãå€åããŠå€æ°ã®æŸ±ç²èªå°äœãäœã€ããç³åæž©
床ãå«ãããŒã¿ãè¡šã«ç€ºããããã¯ãç·ãŠã®ã±
ãŒã¹ã«ãããŠã°ãªã³ã·ãåŠçã®ã¬ãã«ãäžãããš
柱ç²ç³å枩床ãäžããããšã瀺ããŠããã
å¿ãããããšãåã³ (b) åŸããšãŒãã«èªå°äœãåé¢ããããšã®å段é
ãå å«ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ã柱ç²ã§
ãããšããåå¿ã¯å žåçã«ã¯11ã13ã®PHã§ã奜
ãŸããã¯24ã45âã®æž©åºŠã§ïŒã16æéè¡ãã
ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ãã¬ã ã§ããå Ž
åãåå¿ã¯å žåçã«ã¯ãæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶åªåã³ä¹Ÿç¥
ã¬ã ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.05ã20ïŒ éå°ã¢ã«ã«ãªãå«ãæ°Ž
æ§åªäœäžã§15ã100âã§0.5ã20æéè¡ãããã æ¬çºæã¯æŽã«ãäžè¿°ã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ããªã
ã¡ïŒâããâïŒâããããã·ã«ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·
ããäœãæ¹æ³ãæäŸãããããã¯ãã¢ããµãã«ã©
ã€ããåã¯éå æ§ççŽ ååãå«ã¿ãã€çŽ20åãŸã§
ã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœãæã€ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããã
ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èã®ååšäžã§éå°ã®ïŒâããâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšåå¿ãããããšãå
å«ããã ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èãçšããããšã«ãããã¢ãå
ã³ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ããæž©åãªæž©åºŠã§ç
åããããšãªãïŒåŸãçæç©ãæ·¡è²ã§ããããšã«
ãã瀺ãããïŒäœãããšãã§ãããå ããŠã觊åª
ãéã«ãã容æã«é€å»ã§ããã®ã§ãé žè§Šåªãã
ãç³»ã«ãããããã«äžå段éãå¿ èŠãšãããªãã
æŽã«ãããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãããå ãæ
å°ã®æžæãèµ·ãã®ã¿ã§äœãããšãã§ããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ãéå æ§ççŽ ååãå«ãã¢ãåã³
ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããäœãããšãã§ãããæ«ç«¯ãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãç°ã«ååšãããã®ççŽ ååã¯ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ãšåå¿ããŠãçšããããã¢ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©
ã€ãã«äŸåããŠã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åã¯ã±ã¿ãŒã«çµåã«ã
ãçµåãããã°ãªã³ã·ãçæç©ã圢æããããšã
ã§ããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®è£œé ã§çšãããã¢ããµãã«
ã©ã€ããšããŠã¯ãã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ããã«ã¯ããŒã¹ããœ
ã«ããŒã¹ããã³ããŒã¹ãã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹ãã¿ããŒ
ã¹ãã¢ããŒã¹ãã¢ã«ãããŒã¹ãã°ããŒã¹ãã¢ã€ã
ãŒã¹ïŒidoseïŒãã¢ã©ãããŒã¹ããã·ããŒã¹ããªã
ãœãŒã¹ããªããŒã¹åã³ä»ã®é¡äŒŒã®ã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€
ããæããããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®è£œé ã§çšãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ã
ãšããŠã¯ããã«ããŒã¹ãã²ã³ããªããªãŒã¹ãã©ã¯
ããŒã¹ããªãããªãŒã¹ãïŒä»¥äžã®ããã¹ãããŒã¹
åœéïŒDEïŒãæã€æŸ±ç²ã®ãã«ãããã¹ããªã³å
ã³çŽ20å以äžã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœããæãé¡äŒŒã®
ä»ã®ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããæããããã  ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®è£œé æ¬ããã»ã¹ã¯ãã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èã®ååšäžã§ã¢
ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããéå°ã®ïŒâããâïŒïŒ
ïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšåå¿ãããããšãå«ãã
åå¿ã¯ãæ¹æäžã«çŽ55ã80âã奜ãŸããã¯60ã65
âã§ãçŽïŒã20æéã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒæéãã
ãŠè¡ãããã奜ãŸãã枩床åã³çãåå¿æéãçš
ããããšã«ããããªãªãŽãµãã«ã©ã€ã圢æåã³ã
ãªãµãã«ã©ã€ãæžæã®éãäœæžãããããšãçºèŠ
ããããåå¿å®äºåŸã«ãã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èãé€ã
ããã«ãæ··åç©ãéããã次ã«ïŒâããâïŒâ
ããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ããåŸãããã®éå°
ã®ãžãªãŒã«ãå€æ°ã®æ¹æ³ããšãã°æžå§èžçåã¯æ
æ©æº¶å€ã§ã®æŽæµã«ããé€ãããšãã§ãããã¢ããµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãäœãå ŽåããžãªãŒ
ã«ã¯æºå§èžçã§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ80âã®æž©åºŠãïŒmm
Hgã®å§åã§ã°ãªã³ã·ãããé€å»ã§ãããèžçåŸ
ã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ææã«ãããã¢ã»ãã³ã®ãããªæ
æ©æº¶å€ã§æŽãããšãã§ãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã§
äœãããã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯æžå§èžçã§ååã§ãããã
ãããçŽ60âããé«ãèžç枩床ã¯ããåã®æžæã
èµ·ããããç¥ããªãããããã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯å¥œãŸã
ãã¯ãã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒãžãªãŒã«æ··åç©ãææ©æº¶å€ã«
æžæ¿ããéå°ã®ãžãªãŒã«åã³ä»ã®æåãé€å»ãã
ããã«å€æ°åéããããšã«ããååãããã æ¬çºæã§ææãªã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ãïŒâ
ããâïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ããã¢ã«
ã«ãªéå±æ°Žé žåç©ãšåå¿ãããŠãšããã·ãåºã圢
æããããšã«ããäœãããšãã§ãããå žåçã«ã¯
ã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ãå·åŽããªããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãš
æ··åããããæ··åç©ãé žã§äžåãã次ã«åœ¢æãã
éå±å¡©ãæ²æŸ±ãããããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«æº¶è§£ã
ããéåŸã«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åã³æ°Žãæžå§èžçã«ã
ãé€ãããšã«ãã€ãŠã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ãªã³ã·ããåå
ã§ããã çšãããããã²ã³åãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšããŠ
ã¯ãïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«åã³
ïŒâããã ãŒïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãæãã
ãããã¯ãã«èªå°äœã®äœ¿çšãããã®åžè²©å ¥æ容æ
åã³ã³ã¹ãã®æ ã«å¥œãŸãããçšããããç¹å®ã®ãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãåã³ããã²ã³åãããã³ãžãªãŒã«äžãž
ã®ãã®æº¶è§£åºŠããå¿ èŠãªåå¿å€ã®æå°éã決ãã
ã§ããããïŒïŒ1.4ã®ãããªå°ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ã
察ãžãªãŒã«æ¯ãçšããããŠãããã奜ãŸããæ¯ã¯
å°ãªããšãïŒïŒïŒãïŒïŒïŒãæã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒïŒ
ïŒã§ãããäžè¿°ããããã«ãã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ãã
åã³éå æ§ççŽ ååãå«ãçŽ20åãŸã§ã®ãµãã«ã©
ã€ãåäœã®ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããæ¬çºæã§çšãã
ãããµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœã®æ°ãå¢ããšå ±ã«ããªãµã
ã«ã©ã€ãã¯ããäœåå¿æ§ãšãªããããªãã®æžæã
èµ·ã奜ãŸãããªãé«ã枩床ãçšããã«ïŒâããâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ã«æº¶è§£ããã®ãããå°
é£ãšãªãã ã°ãªã³ã·ã補é ã«ãããŠä»»æã®ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹
èãçšããããé©åœãªäº€ææš¹èãšããŠã¯ãã¹ã«ã
ã³åæ¶æ©ããªã¹ãã¬ã³ããšãã°åžè²©å ¥æã§ãã
Amberlite IRâ120ïŒåæšãRohm and Haas
瀟ïŒãDowex50ïŒåæšãDow Chemical瀟ïŒåã³
Permutit ïŒåæšãPermutit瀟ïŒïŒã¹ã«ãã³åã
ãšããŒã«é¡ããšãã°Doulite âïŒïŒåæšã
Diamond Shamrock瀟ïŒïŒåã³ã¹ã«ãã³åçããš
ãã°Zeo Karb ïŒåæšãPermutit瀟ïŒãæãã
ããã奜ãŸããã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èã¯Dowex50ã§
ãããããã§æçšãªæš¹èã®éã¯ããµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒ
ãïŒéééšåœãçŽïŒéšã®æš¹èã奜ãŸããã¯ãµãã«
ã©ã€ãïŒãïŒéééšåœãïŒéšã®æš¹èã§ããã ã¢ãåã³ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯
ããã§ã倩ç¶ã®ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããšãã°ä»»æã®
æ€ç©æºããèªããã柱ç²åã³æŸ±ç²è»¢åçæç©ïŒæŸ±
ç²ãšãŒãã«åã³ãšã¹ãã«ïŒåã³çš®ã ã®æ€ç©ã¬ã å
ã³ã¬ã èªå°ãšåå¿ããããšãã§ããã  æ°èŠãªæŸ±ç²ãšãŒãã«ã®è£œé æ¬çºæã§æŸ±ç²ãšãŒãã«èªå°äœã調æŽããã®ã«çš
ããã柱ç²ããŒã¹ã¯ãä»»æã®æ€ç©æºããšãã°ã³ãŒ
ã³ãããããçãããå°éºŠãç±³ããµãŽãã¿ããª
ã«ãã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºããœã«ã¬ã ãé«ã¢ãããŒã¹ã³
ãŒã³ãªã©ããå°ãããšãã§ããã ä»»æã®æŸ±ç²ããŒã¹ããèªå°ããã転åçæç©ã
ããšãã°é žåã³ïŒåã¯ç±ã®å æ°Žå解äœçšã«ããäœ
ãããããã¹ããªã³ïŒæ¬¡äºå¡©çŽ é žãããªãŠã ã®ã
ããªé žåç©ã§ã®åŠçã«ããäœãããé žå柱ç²ïŒé ž
çŽ è»¢ååã¯æž©åãªé žå æ°Žå解ã«ããäœãããæµå
æ§åã¯ãŠã¹æããªæŸ±ç²ïŒåã³ãšãŒãã«åã³ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®ãããªèªå°æŸ±ç²ãå«ãŸããã柱ç²ããŒã¹ã¯ã
é¡ç²æŸ±ç²åã¯ç³å柱ç²ããªãã¡éé¡ç²æŸ±ç²ã§ãã
ããšãã§ããã ãããããªã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®èª¿è£œåã³æŸ±ç²
ãšããã®åå¿ã¯ãåã åŒåã³ã«ãã瀺ãããš
ãã§ããïŒ ããã§ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœââã¯ã¢ãåã¯ã
ãªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã瀺ããã¯æ«ç«¯ãµãã«ã©ã€ãç°
äžã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãççŽ ååã«çµåããŠãããã¯å¡©
çŽ åã¯èçŽ ã§ãããStâã¯æŸ±ç²ååã瀺ããïœ
ã¯ïŒã20ã§ããã ãããããªã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããåã¯äžèšã®æ§æ ã§ç€ºãããã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®ã©ã¡ã
ã§ãçšãããããšã«çæããªããã°ãªããªãããª
ããªãããšãŒãã«ååå¿ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¡ä»¶äžã§ã®
ã¿ããããããªã³åºãå ããšããã·ãã®åœ¢ã«è»¢å
ãããåŸã«é²ãããã§ãããããšãã°ïŒâããâ
ïŒâããããã·ã«ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãåã¯
ã°ãªã·ãžã«âã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ããã柱ç²
ã¯ãäžèšã®ãããªã©ã³ãã ã«ååšãããµãã«ã©ã€
ãåŽéãæã€æ°èŠãªæŸ±ç²ãšãŒãã«ãäžããã ããã§ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœã¯ãã°
ã«ã³ãŒã¹ååã®C1ççŽ ååã«ã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«çµåã«
ããçµåãããŠããããšãèŠãããã§ãããã 柱ç²ååã¯ãåã ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãšåå¿ãã
ãïŒã€ã®éé¢ããããã·ã«åºãæã€ãšããã®ïŒïŒ
ã€ã®éé¢ããããã·ã«åºãå«ããééå æ§æ«ç«¯ã°
ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœãé€ãïŒå€ãã®ç¡æ°Žã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœ
ããæ§æãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã§ããããšãåœ
æ¥è ã¯ç¥ã€ãŠããã§ããããããªãã¡ããã®ãã
ãªæ§æã®æ°åã¯çœ®æ床ïŒDSïŒã¯ãç¹å®ãªæŸ±ç²ã
åå¿å€å¯ŸæŸ±ç²ã®æ¯ãåã³ããçšåºŠåå¿æ¡ä»¶ã«ãã€
ãŠå€ãã§ãããããŸããç¡æ°Žã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœå ã®
ããããã·ã«åºã®åã ã®çžå¯Ÿçåå¿æ§ã¯åãã§ãª
ãããšãç¥ãããŠããã®ã§ããããã®ãä»ã®ãã®
ããåå¿å€ãšããåå¿æ§ã§ããããšã¯ããããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ãéšåããŸãã
éé¢ã®ããããã·ã«åºãå«ããåŸã€ãŠãã¢ã«ã«ãª
觊åªãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããšãŒãã«ååå¿ã«ã
ããŠã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãå¥ã®åå¿å€ååãšåå¿ã
ãå¯èœæ§ãããããšãç解ãããªããã°ãªããª
ãããã®ãããªåå¿ã¯ã柱ç²åã¯ä»ã®ããªãµãã«
ã©ã€ãååãšåå¿ãããæªåå¿ã°ãªã³ã·ã«åºããŸ
ãå«ããµãã«ã©ã€ãå«æååãäžããã 柱ç²åå¿ã¯ãããšãã°æ°Žæ§åå¿åªäœãææ©æº¶åª
åªäœãçšããå€ãã®å ¬ç¥ã®ããæ¹ãåã¯æ¹¿ã€ã柱
ç²ã±ãŒããã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã§å«æµžã次ã«ä¹Ÿç±ã«
ããã也ç±åå¿æ³ãªã©ã«ããå®æœã§ããã 奜ãŸããæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ãåå¿ã¯æŸ±ç²ããŒã¹ã®
æ°Žæ§ã¹ã©ãªãŒåã¯æ°Žæ§åæ£ç©ãçšããŠæ°Žæ§åªäœäž
ã§å®æœããããã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯ãåºäœãšããŠ
åã¯æ°Žæ§æº¶æ¶²ãšããŠåå¿æ··åç©ã«å ããããšãã§
ããã溶液ã®å¥œãŸããæ¿åºŠã¯ãåå¿å€ééã«åºã¥
ããŠ20ã50ééã§ãããå¥ã®ããæ¹ã§ã¯ã°ãªã³ã·
ãåå¿å€æº¶æ¶²ã¯ããã®æŸ±ç²ããŒã¹ãžã®æ·»å åã«æ
ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ã®PHã«ããããããã¯ååãªã¢ã«ã«
ãªã®æ·»å ã«ããè¡ããããå¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ã也ãã
柱ç²ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æº¶æ¶²ã«å ã
ãããšãã§ããã ããã§æŸ±ç²ãšã®åå¿ã«çšããããã°ãªã³ã·ãå
å¿å€ã®éã¯ãçšãããã柱ç²ããŒã¹ãçšãããã
ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãæçµçæç©ã«ãããŠæãŸãã
眮æ床åã³ãããçšåºŠãçšããããåå¿æ¡ä»¶ããª
ã©ã®ãããªå åã«äŸåããŠã也ç¥æŸ±ç²ééã«åºã¥
ãçŽ0.1ã100ééïŒ ã§å€ãã§ãããã 柱ç²åå¿ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¡ä»¶äžã§ã11ã13ã®PHã
奜ãŸããã¯11.4ã12.4ã§è¡ããããã¢ã«ã«ãªã¯ã
ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®æ·»å å ã«åã¯åŸã«ã柱ç²ã¹ã©
ãªãŒåã¯åæ£ç©ã«å ããããšãã§ãããPHã¯ãæ°Ž
é žåãããªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã«ã«ã·
ãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãæ°Žé žåããã©ã¡ãã«
ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãªã©ã®æ·»å ã«ãã簡䟿ã«å¶åŸ¡ãã
ãã奜ãŸããå¡©åºã¯æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã§ããã é¡ç²æŸ±ç²ãšã®åå¿ãè¡ãå Žåãåå¿ã也ç¥æŸ±ç²
ã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ10ã40ééïŒ ã®éã®å¡©ããšãã°ç¡«é žã
ããªãŠã ã®ååšäžã§è¡ãããšããšãã«æãŸããã
ã®ã§ãããããç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã®ååšã¯ã柱ç²ã®
èšæœ€ãæå¶ããããã«åããããéããããç
æç©ãäžãããç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã¯ãæ°Žé žåã«ã«ã·
ãŠã åå¿ã«ãããŠã¯çšããããªãã åå¿æ··åç©ã¯ãæãŸããåå¿æ¡ä»¶äžã§æ¹æãã
ããåå¿æéã¯ãçšããããã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®
éã枩床ãPHãåå¿ã®èŠæš¡åã³æã眮æ床ã®ãã
ãªå åã«äŸåããŠ0.5ã20æéã§å€ãããããäž
è¬ã«ãåå¿æéã®å¥œãŸããç¯å²ã¯ïŒã16æéã§ã
ãã åå¿ã¯ã20ã95âã奜ãŸããã¯25ã45âã®æž©åºŠ
ã§è¡ããããæ°Žæ§åªäœäžã§ã®é¡ç²æŸ±ç²ã«ãããŠçŽ
60âããäžã®æž©åºŠã®äœ¿çšã¯ãé¡ç²èšæœ€åã³éå°
é£åã¯æŸ±ç²ç³åãçµæããããšãåœæ¥è ã«ã¯ç解
ãããããããé«ãåå¿æž©åºŠãæãŸããäŸã§ã¯ã
èšæœ€ãé€ãããã«æ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ãå«ãæ°Žæ§æº¶æ¶²ã
çšããããšãã§ããã åå¿å®äºåŸã«åå¿æ··åç©ã®PHããä»»æã®åžè²©ã®
é žããšãã°å¡©é žãç¡«é žãé ¢é žãªã©ã«ããïŒãïŒã®
å€ã«èª¿ç¯ããããã®ãããªé žã¯åžæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãšããŠç°¡
䟿ã«æ·»å ã§ããã ãã®æ°èŠãªèªå°äœã®ååã¯å®¹æã«è¡ãªãããšã
ã§ããçšããããç¹å®ã®æ¹æ³ã¯æŸ±ç²ããŒã¹ã®åœ¢ã«
äŸåãããããªãã¡ãé¡ç²æŸ±ç²ã¯ãéã«ããå
åãããå Žåã«ããæ®çå¡©ãé€ãããã«æ°Žã§æŽã
ãããããŠä¹Ÿç¥ããããé¡ç²æŸ±ç²çæç©ã¯ãŸãã
éé¡ç²çæç©ïŒããªãã¡ç³åããïŒã圢æããã
ãã«ãã©ã 也ç¥ãã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ãåã¯ç³åãšã¢ã«
ã³ãŒã«æ²æŸ±ã«ããåé¢ãåã¯åçµä¹Ÿç¥ããããšã
ã§ããã柱ç²çæç©ãéé¡ç²ã§ããã°ãããã¯æ®
çããå¡©ãé€ãããã«éæã«ãã粟補ããã¢ã«ã³
ãŒã«æ²æŸ±ãåçµä¹Ÿç¥åã¯ã¹ãã¬ãŒä¹Ÿç¥ã«ããåé¢
ã§ããã ç³ååŸã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²äžã®æ¬çºæã®æ°èŠèªå°äœã®èŠ³å¯
ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯æŸ±ç²çæç©ãå®
å®åãããããçŠæ¢ããªãããšã瀺ãããã®å€§ã
ã«æãŸããç¹æ§ã¯ãæ¬çºæã®èªå°äœãããšãã°
çš®ã ã®ãµã€ãžã³ã°ãã³ãŒãã€ã³ã°ãå¢ç²åã³æ¥ç
å€åéã§äœ¿çšããããšãå¯èœã«ããã æ°Žæ§æº¶æ¶²äžã§ã®æŸ±ç²é¡ç²ã®ç³å枩床ã¯ãç¹å®ã®
柱ç²ã®ã¿ã€ãã«ããå€ãã柱ç²ã®ç³å枩床ã«éã
ããšãé¡ç²ã¯ååéæ°ŽçŽ çµåã匱ããªã厩å£ãã
ã®ã§èšæœ€ãã¯ãããã 柱ç²é¡ç²ãèšæœ€ãç¶ãããšã察å¿ããŠéææ§ã
溶解æ§åã³ç²åºŠã®å¢å ãèŠãããã é¡ç²ã®æŸ±ç²ååãžã®çš®ã ã®çœ®æåºã®å°å ¥ã¯ãé¡
ç²ãäºãã«ä¿æããäŒåçµæã劚害ããããã®ã
ãã«ããŠãåŸæ¥ã«ãããç¡æ°Žé ¢é žåã³ãããã¬ã³
ãªããµã€ããåã³æ¬çºæã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®ãããªäž
å®èœæ§åå¿å€ã«ãã柱ç²ã®èªå°äœåã¯ã柱ç²ã®æ¹
å枩床ãäœäžããããéèªå°äœå柱ç²ããŒã¹ã«æ¯
ã¹ãå 工柱ç²ã®æ¹å枩床ã¯ã柱ç²çæç©ã®èªå°äœ
å床ã®å®æ§ç尺床ã§ãããçš®ã ã®æž©åºŠã§æŸ±ç²æžæ¿
ç©ã®ç²åºŠã枬ãã®ã«çšããããè£ çœ®ã§ãããã©ã
ã³ããŒãã¹ã³ãŒã¢ããã°ã©ãã¯ãŸããç³å枩床ã
決å®ããã«ãæçšã§ããããã®ãããªæž¬å®ã®æ¹æ³
ã以äžã«è¿°ã¹ãã  æ°èŠãªã¬ã ãšãŒãã«ã®èª¿è£œ æ€ç©æºããå°ãããä»»æã®å€©ç¶ã¬ã ãæ¬çºæã§
çšããããé žãç±ãåªæãåã³ïŒåã¯é µçŽ ã®å æ°Ž
å解äœçšããåŸãããã¬ã æžæçæç©ïŒé žåã¬
ã ãèªå°äœåã¬ã ããšãã°ãšã¹ãã«åã¯ãšãŒã
ã«ïŒä»ã®å žåçãªçæ°Žåç©èªå°äœãããã§çšãã
ã®ã«é©ããŠãããããªã¬ã©ã¯ããã³ãã³ã¬ã ã®äœ¿
çšã奜ãŸããããããã¬ã ã¯ãé·éã®ãã³ããŒã¹
åäœåã³ã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹åäœã®åäžåäœåŽéããäž»
ã«æããããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã§ããããããã¯
äžè¬ã«ãæ€ç©LeguminosaeïŒãã¡ç§ïŒã®æãçš®ã
ããšãã°ã°ã¢ãŒãããªããŸããhoney locustïŒã
ãã¡ãã®é¡ïŒãç«çæš¹ïŒblame treeïŒã®çš®åã®è
ä¹³äžã«èŠãåºãããããããã¯ãèä¹³ã¹ããªãã
ããªãã¡åŒ·ããããããªãèä¹³éšåã®åœ¢ã§ïŒç±³åœ
ç¹èš±ç¬¬3132681å·ã1964幎ïŒæ12æ¥ãJ.L.KeenïŒ
ãã¹ããªãããåé¢ããæ¹æ³åç §ïŒãåã¯å¥œãŸã
ãã¯ç²Ÿè£œããåã¯ç²Ÿè£œããªãæœããèä¹³ã®åœ¢ã§
ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬2891050å·ã1959幎ïŒæ16æ¥ãG.W.
Elverum ïœïŒåã³ç¬¬3455899å·ã1969幎ïŒæ15
æ¥ãJ.L.Keenåç §ïŒçšããããšãã§ããã æã奜ãŸããã¬ã ã¯ãåžè²©å ¥æ容æã®æ ã«ã°ã¢
ãŒã¬ã åã³ããªããŸãã¬ã ã§ãããã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ã¯
äž»ã«ãçŽéãã³ãã³ã§ãããããã§ãã³ããŒã¹å
äœã¯ãïŒïŒïŒâαâã°ãªã³ã·ãçµåã§çµåããã
ã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹åæãå¥ã®ãã³ããŒã¹åäœäžã®1.6
çµåã«ããèµ·ãïŒã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹å¯Ÿãã³ããŒã¹æ¯ïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒïŒãããæããªããã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ã¯ãç±³åœç¹
蚱第4031306å·ïŒ1977幎ïŒæ21æ¥ãR.N.
DeMartinoïŒæ现æžã«åŸã粟補ã§ãããã®å Žå
æ®ççªçŽ å«éã¯çŽ0.7ïŒ ãã0.1ïŒ æªæºã«æžå°ãã
ã§ããããããªããŸãã«ã ã¯ã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ãšé¡äŒŒã®
æ§é ãæã¡ãã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹å¯Ÿãã³ããŒã¹æ¯ã¯ïŒïŒ
ïŒã§ããããããåæã¯èŠåæ£ããééã眮ãã
ãŠããªãã ã¬ã ååã¯ãç¹å®ã®ã¬ã ãçšããããåå¿å€ã®
éãåã³åå¿æ¡ä»¶ã®ãããªå åã«äŸåããŠçš®ã ã®
åå¿æ§ã§åå¿å€ãšåå¿ããããå¹³åäžã€ã®å©çšã
ããããããã·ã«åºãåã æã€å€ãã®ç¡æ°Žç³åäœ
ãå«ãããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã§ããããšãåœæ¥è ã¯ç
解ããã§ãããã æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠåå¿ã¯ãåºäœã®ããªã¬ã©
ã¯ããã³ãã³ã¬ã ãšæ¥è§Šããæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€åã³æ°Ž
溶æ§åå¿å€ã¯æ°Žæ§æº¶æ¶²ããæãäºçžåå¿ç³»äžã§è¡
ããããæ°Žå«éã¯ãéžãã æ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ã«äŸåã
ãŠ10ã60ééïŒ ã§ãããããããããŸãã«å€ãã®
æ°Žãåå¿ç³»äžã«ååšãããšãã¬ã ã¯èšæœ€ãåã¯æº¶
解ããããã«ããã¬ã èªå°äœã®åååã³ç²Ÿè£œãè€
éã«ããã æ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ã¯ãæ¹æåã³ãã³ã移éã§ããã¬
ã æžæ¿ç©ã®èª¿è£œã®ããã«ååãªéã§å ããããã
æ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€å¯Ÿã¬ã ã®ééæ¯ã¯ãïŒïŒïŒã10ïŒ
ïŒã奜ãŸããã¯1.5ïŒïŒãïŒïŒïŒã§å€ããããšã
ã§ããã æ¬çºæã§çšããããé©åœãªæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ãšããŠ
ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ããŒã«ãã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãç°ç¶åã³éç°ç¶
ã¢ã«ã«ãªãšãŒãã«ãã¢ã«ã«ãã³ããžã¢ã«ãã«ãã«
ã ã¢ããåã³ãããã®æ··åç©ãæãããããå žå
çãªæº¶å€ã¯ãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããšã¿ããŒã«ãã€ãœãã
ãããŒã«ã第äºãã³ã¿ããŒã«ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒ
ã«ãã¢ã»ãã³ãã¡ãã«ãšãã«ã±ãã³ããžãšãã«ã±
ãã³ãããã©ããããã©ã³ããžãªããµã³ãåã³ãž
ã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ããã§ããã ã¬ã ãšã®åå¿ã§çšããããã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®
éã¯ãçšããã¬ã ãçšããåå¿å€ãæçµçæç©ã§
æãŸãã眮æ床ãåã³ããçšåºŠçšããåå¿æ¡ä»¶ã®
ãããªå åã«äŸåããŠã也ç¥ã¬ã ééã«å¯ŸããŠçŽ
0.1ã100ééïŒ ã§ãããã ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯ãåºäœãšããŠåã¯æ°Žæ§æº¶å€
ãšããŠåå¿æ··åç©ã«å ããããšãã§ããã溶液ã®
奜ãŸããæ¿åºŠã¯ãåå¿å€ã®ééã«å¯ŸããŠ20ã50é
éïŒ ã§ãããå¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€æº¶æ¶²
ããã¬ã ãžã®æ·»å åã«æãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§ã®PHãšãª
ããããã¯ååãªã¢ã«ã«ãªã®æ·»å ã«ããéæãã
ããæŽã«å¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ã也ããã¬ã ããæ°Žåã³æ°Ž
æ··åæ§æº¶å€ãå«ãã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§
溶液ã«å ããããšãã§ããã ã¬ã åå¿ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ¡ä»¶äžã§è¡ããããã¢
ã«ã«ãªã¯ãåå¿å€ã®æ·»å ååã¯åŸã«ã¬ã æžæ¿ç©ã«
å ããããšãã§ãããå žåçãªã¢ã«ã«ãªãšããŠ
ã¯ãæ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ãæ°Žé žå
ã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãæ°Žé žåããã©
ã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãªã©ãæããããã奜ãŸãã
ã¢ã«ã«ãªã¯æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ã§ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªã®
ããç©ã¯åå¿ç©ãšããŠåããããªãã¡ã¬ã ãåå¿
å€ãšåå¿ãããšã圢æãããå¡©é žãäžåããã¢ã«
ã«ãªã®ããç©ã¯è§ŠåªãšããŠåããåŸã€ãŠéå°ã®ã¢
ã«ã«ãªããåå¿ã觊åªããããã«å¿ èŠãšãããã
觊åªãšããŠåãéå°ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªã¯ãã¬ã ã®ééã«
察ããŠçŽ0.05ã20ééïŒ ã®éã§å€ãããããã®é
å°ã¢ã«ã«ãªã¯ãã¬ã ãšãŒãã«ååå¿ã®éã«æ¶è²»ã
ããªãã åå¿ã¯ã15ã100âã奜ãŸããã¯20ã60âã®æž©
床ã§è¡ããããåå¿æ··åç©ã¯ãæãŸããåå¿æ¡ä»¶
äžã§æ¹æããããåå¿æéã¯ãçšããããã°ãªã³
ã·ãåå¿å€ã®éãå®å®æ§åã³åå¿æ§ã枩床ãPHã
åå¿ã®èŠæš¡ãåã³æã眮æ床ã®ãããªå åã«äŸå
ããŠ0.5ã20æéã§å€ããããäžè¬ã«ã奜ãŸãã
åå¿æéã¯ç¯å²ã¯ïŒã16æéã§ããã åå¿çµäºåŸã«ãéå°ã¢ã«ã«ãªãé žããšãã°å¡©
é žãç¡«é žãé ¢é žãã¯ãšã³é žãªã©ã§äžåããããšã
奜ãŸããã ãšã¹ãã«ååå¿ã®çµäºåŸã«ãæ°èŠãªã¬ã ãšãŒã
ã«èªå°äœã¯ãé å¿åé¢åã¯éã«ããåå¿æ··åç©
ããåé¢ãããããã®ããã«ååãããåºäœèªå°
äœã¯å¥œãŸããã¯æŽã«åŠçãããæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ã®æ°Ž
æ§æº¶æ¶²ã§æŽãããšã«ãã粟補ããã次ã«åã溶å€
ã®ããæ°Žã«å¯ã圢ã®æº¶æ¶²ã§æŽãããã 以äžã®å®æœäŸã§ãç¹èšãªãéãç·ãŠã®éšåã³ã
ãŒã»ã³ãã¯ééã«åºã¥ããç·ãŠã®æž©åºŠã¯ã»æ°ã§ã
ãã柱ç²èªå°äœã®ç³å枩床ã¯ãäžèšã®æé ã§æ±ºå®
ãããã ç³åæž©åºŠæž¬å® 70.4ïœã®æŸ±ç²ïŒä¹Ÿç¥æŸ±ééã«ã€ããŠïŒãåã³
400.0ïœã®äŸçµŠç©å šééãåŸããããããªéã®èž
çæ°Žããæãã¹ã©ãªãŒããã©ãã³ããŒãã¹ã³ã¢ã
ãã°ã©ãã«å ¥ãããã¹ã©ãªãŒã30âã«å ç±ãã次
ã«ïŒåéåœã1.5âã®é床ã§ãã€ããå ç±ããã
ç³å枩床ã¯ãã¹ã©ãªãŒã100ãã©ãã³ããŒåäœã®
ç²åºŠã«éããæã®æž©åºŠãšããŠèšé²ãããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ æ¬å®æœäŸã¯ãïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãã
ãã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®èª¿è£œãäŸç€ºããã åçž®åšãæ©æ¢°çæ¹æè£ çœ®åã³å ç±æ段ãåãã
0.5äžžåºãã©ã¹ã³ã«ã80ïœïŒ0.44ã¢ã«ïŒã®ãã
ã¹ãããŒã¹ã237ïœïŒ2.15ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒâã¯ãã«â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãåã³20ïœã®ïŒšïŒåã®
Dowex50WâX8ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èïŒ1.9meïœïŒ
mlïŒãå ãããæ··åç©ã60âã«å ç±ãããã®æž©åºŠ
ã§16æéæ¹æãããåå¿æ··åç©ãå·åŽãã次ã«æš¹
èãé€ãããã«ã¬ãŒãŒåžã§éããã åå¿æ··åç©ã¯ææŸã§æ·¡é»è²ã§ãã€ããæªåå¿ãž
ãªãŒã«ãã80âãïŒmmHgã§ã®æžå§èžçã«ããé€
å»ãããåžæ¹¿æ§ã®åºäœçæç©ãã¢ã»ãã³äžã«ã¹ã©
ãªãŒåããæ®ã€ãäžçŽç©ãé€å»ããããã«äžå
éãã次ã«æžå§ãã·ã±ãŒã¿ãŒäžã§ä¹Ÿç¥ããã軜ã
ããŒãžãŠè²ã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãã80ïŒ åçïŒçè«å€ã«å¯Ÿ
ããŠïŒã§ååããããC13NMRã¹ãã¯ãã©ã«å
æã¯ã92åã³96ppmã§ã®éå æ§ççŽ ååããã¢ã»
ã¿ãŒã«ã·ã°ãã«ã®äžååšã瀺ãããã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«çµ
åã«å¯Ÿå¿ãã100.2åã³104.3ppmã§ã°ãªã³ã·ãç
çŽ ã瀺ãã·ã°ãã«ãèšé²ããããææ©å¡©çŽ åæ
ã¯ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã®ååé272.54ã«å¯ŸããŠäºæãã
ãå€13.02ïŒ ã®ä»£ãã«11.5ïŒ ææ©å¡©çŽ ã瀺ããã
ããã¯ãå°çšåºŠã®ãªãªãŽãµãã«ã©ã€ã圢æãèµ·
ããã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããªãã³ã«å°éã®ãªãªãŽãµã
ã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã®äž¡è ãå«ãçæç©ãããã
ããäºã瀺ãã å®æœäŸïŒ ïŒæ¯èŒäŸïŒ ãã®å®æœäŸã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒã§ã®ã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹è
ã®ä»£ãã«åŒ·é žè§Šåªãçšããããšã«ããïŒâã¯ãã«
âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®èª¿
補ãäŸç€ºããã ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3931148å·ïŒå ã«åŒçšããïŒã«èšèŒ
ãããããããšåæ§ã®æé ãçšãããåçž®åšãæ©
械çæ¹æè£ çœ®åã³å ç±æ段ãåããããïŒäžžåº
ãã©ã¹ã³ã«ã90ïœïŒ0.5ã¢ã«ïŒã®ããã¹ãããŒã¹ã
55.3ïœïŒ0.5ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒïŒ2.âããã
ã³ãžãªãŒã«åã³0.5ïœã®æ¿ç¡«é žãå ããã æ¹æäžã«æ··åç©ã94ã102âã«å ç±ãïŒå€§æ°å§
äžïŒããã®æž©åºŠã§10åéä¿ã€ããã¹ã©ãªãŒã¯ææŸ
ã«ãªããã¢ã³ããŒè²ã§ãã€ãã30åéãããŠãã
ã©ã¹ã³ã®å 容ç©ãããçŽ110âã®æž©åºŠåã³ïŒmmHg
ã®å§åã§ã®æžå§èžçã«ããæ°Žåã³æªåå¿ãžãªãŒã«
ãã¹ããªããããã宀枩ã«å·åŽããããæè€è²ã®
çæç©ãåºåãããC13NMRã¹ãã¯ãã©ã«åæ
ã¯ã92.2åã³96.8ã§ã®äºã€ã®ããŒã¯ã瀺ããçŽ25
ïŒ ã®æªåå¿ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã®ååšã瀺ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®å®æœäŸã¯ãïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ã
ããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãããã®ã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ã«ã³
ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®èª¿è£œãäŸç€ºããã å®æœäŸïŒã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®åèš32ïœãããã°ãã
ãã¯ã¹ã¿ãŒã©ãŒãåãã250mläžžåºãã©ã¹ã³äžã§
30mlã®æ°Žã«æº¶è§£ããããã©ã¹ã³åã³å 容ç©ãæ°·æ°Ž
济äžã§å·åŽãããå·åŽããªããã20mlã®æ°Žäžã®æ°Ž
é žåã«ãªãŠã 3.70ïœã®æº¶æ¶²ãã°ãªã³ã·ã溶液ã«çŽ
ïŒæéãããŠãã€ããå ãããæ··åç©ã宀枩ã«ã
ãããŸãã®ãèš±ãã12ã®PHãèšé²ãããã 1Mã®å¡©é žã§æ··åç©ãäžåããå·èµåº«ã§äžå€è²¯
èµãããå ãå¡©åºæ§ã®æ··åç©ãåäžåãã次ã«ã°
ãªã³ã·ããå¯æº¶åããããã«250mlã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«
ã«æº¶è§£ããŠäœãããå¡©åã«ãªãŠã å¡©ãæ²æŸ±ããã
éåŸã«ã¡ã¿ããŒã«åã³æ°Žãæžå§èžçã§é€å»ããŠ
ã°ãªã·ãžã«ã°ãªã³ã·ããæ®ããããšããã·ã管èœ
æ§ã®ååšã¯ãâOrganic AnalysisâïŒVol.1ïŒJ.
Mitchell Jr.ç·šïŒInterscience Publishing Inc.
New YorkïŒ1953ïŒãããŒãž132ã134ã«èšèŒãã
ãæ°Žæ§å¡©åãã°ãã·ãŠã å¡©åæ°ŽçŽ åã«ãã確èªã
ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®å®æœäŸã¯ããã·ããŒã¹ã®ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâ
ããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®èª¿è£œãäŸç€ºã
ãã å®æœäŸïŒã«èšèŒããåå¿åã³ååæé ã«åŸãã
40ïœïŒ0.27ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒ€âãã·ããŒã¹ïŒãã³ããŒ
ã¹ïŒã90mlïŒ1.05ã¢ã«ïŒã®ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãšã10ïœã®Dowex50WâX8æš¹
èïŒïŒšïŒåœ¢ïŒã®ååšäžã§åèšïŒæéåå¿ãããã C13NMRã¹ãã¯ãã©ã«åæã¯ãã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«çµ
åã«å¯Ÿå¿ãã99.5åã³104.2ppmã§ã°ãªã³ã·ãç
çŽ ã瀺ãããçŽãã·ããŒã¹ã®éå æ§ççŽ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ã
ã91.9åã¯96.3ã§ã®ã·ã°ãã«ã¯ååšãããããã¯
çæç©äžã«éé¢ãã·ããŒã¹ãæ®ã€ãŠããªãããšã
瀺ããã¯ãã«ã¡ãã«ççŽ ã·ã°ãã«ïŒ46.8ppmïŒå
ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãççŽ ã·ã°ãã«ã®ç©åã¯ãçæç©ã®çŽ
50ïŒ ããªãªãŽãµãã«ã©ã€ãã°ãªã³ã·ããšããŠååš
ããããšã瀺ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®å®æœäŸã¯ã10ã®DEãæã€ãšäºãããã10
ã®ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœãå«ããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®ïŒ
âã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®
調補ã瀺ãã å®æœäŸïŒã®æé ãç¹°è¿ãããäœããåå¿æéã¯
ïŒæéã«æžãããæžå§èžç段éã¯çç¥ããããã
ã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã84ïŒ ã®åçïŒçè«
å€ã«å¯ŸãïŒã§ååããããã°ãªã³ã·ãçæç©ã®
C13NMRã¹ãã¯ãã«ã¯ããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®
éå æ§ççŽ ååã®ããã¢ã»ã¿ãŒã«åœ¢ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããä¿¡
å·ã瀺ããªãã€ãããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®Î±âå
ã³Î²âã°ãªã³ã·ãççŽ çµåã«å¯Ÿå¿ãã98.6ïŒ
99.9ïŒåã³102.8ppmã§ä¿¡å·ãèšé²ããããåæ
ã¯ãDE10ã°ãªã³ã·ãã®ååéã«å¯ŸããŠäºæãã
ã2.15ïŒ ã«å¯ŸããŠ2.62ïŒ ã®ååç©ã®ææ©å¡©çŽ å«é
ã瀺ããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®äŸã¯ãïŒã®DEãæã€ãšåŸæ¥äºãããŠãã
20ã®ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹åäœãå«ããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®
ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ãªã³ã·ã
ã®èª¿è£œãäŸç€ºããã å®æœäŸïŒã®æé ããïŒã®DEãæã€ãã«ããã
ã¹ããªã³ïŒAnheuser Busch瀟ããïŒãçšããŠç¹°
ãããäœããæžå§èžç段éã¯çç¥ããããïŒâã¯
ãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«äžã§ã®60âã§ã®
ããé«ãååéã®ãã«ãããã¹ããªã³ã®æº¶è§£åºŠã
äœãã®ã§ã枩床ã¯80âã«äžãããããåæ£ããŠã
ãæ··åç©ã60âã«å·åŽããïŒæéåå¿ããããå
èšåå¿æéã¯ïŒæéã§ãã€ãã C13NMRåæã¯ãéå æ§ççŽ ååã®ååšã瀺
ããªãã€ãããã«ãããã¹ããªã³ããªããŒéã®ã¯
ãã«ã¡ãã«ççŽ ã·ã°ãã«åã³Î±âã°ãªã³ã·ã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒççŽ ïŒåã ã46.6åã³100.7ppmã§ïŒã
ç©åãããšãïŒïŒ20ã®äºæãããæ¯ã®ä»£ãã«ïŒïŒ
15ã®æ¯ã瀺ããããã®ããšã¯ãå ãã®æžæã«ãã
çããããåäœååéã®ã¯ãã«ãããªã³ã°ãªã³ã·
ãã®ååšã瀺ãããµã³ãã«ã®ææ©å¡©çŽ åæïŒåå
éã«åºã¥ãäºæ³å€1.02ïŒ ã«å¯ŸããŠã1.77ïŒ ïŒã¯ã
ãã®ããŒã¿ã確èªããã åæ§ã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãããäžè¿°ã®Anheuser Busch
ã®ããã¹ããªã³ãšæ¯ã¹ãŠé«åºŠã«åæãããã«ãã
ãã¹ããªã³ïŒDE5ïŒãçšããŠèª¿è£œããã å®æœäŸïŒåã³ïŒ åã ãã«ããŒã¹ãšãã«ã¯ããŒã¹ãçšããå®æœäŸ
ïŒåã³ïŒã®ïŒâã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«
ã°ãªã³ã·ãçæç©ã®èª¿è£œã®ããã«çšããæé ã¯ã
åå¿æéãïŒæéã«çããããä»ã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒã®
ãããšæ¬è³ªçã«åãã§ãã€ãã äžèšã®ãã«ã¯ãã°ãªã³ã·ãã¯ããã«ã¯ããŒã¹å
åã®C2ççŽ ã«ã±ã¿ãŒã«çµåãæã€ã°ãªã³ã·ãå
å¿å€ã®äŸã瀺ãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ ãã®äŸã¯ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒããå®æœäŸïŒããã®ïŒ
âã¯ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³
ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠãåæã®ãã¢ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ã
ã調補ããããšã瀺ãã 100éšã®ã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒããšïŒéšã®ïŒâã¯ãã«â
ïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒä¹Ÿç¥
åºæºïŒãã1.6éšã®æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãš20éšã®ç¡«
é žãããªãŠã ãš150éšã®æ°Žã®æº¶æ¶²ã«å ãããæ··å
ç©ã40âã§16æéæ¹æããã次ã«PHãã9.3ïŒ å¡©
é žæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®æ·»å ã«ãã12.0ãã5.5ã«äžããã柱
ç²èªå°äœãéããŠååããé žæ§ã®æ°ŽïŒPH5.5ïŒ
ã§ïŒåæŽãã颚也ããã èªå°äœå柱ç²çæç©åã¯ãã®æªèªå°äœåããŒã¹
ã®7.7ïŒ ïŒä¹Ÿç¥åºæºïŒãå«ãæ°Žæ§ã¹ã©ãªãŒãæ¯èŒ
ã®ããã«ã沞隰氎溶äžã§20åéç ®ããç³åããç©
ãæ€æ»ã®åã«ã宀枩ã«äžå€çœ®ãããã³ãŒã³ããŒã¹
ã®ç©ã¯ãã€ããããã²ã«ãäœã€ããäžæ¹ãèªå°äœ
å柱ç²ã®ç©ã¯ã²ã«ã圢æãããå®å®åãããŠã
ããç³å枩床ããŒã¿ãè¡šã«ç€ºãã å®æœäŸ 10 ãã®äŸã¯ãã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºæŸ±ç²ãå®æœäŸïŒãã
ã®ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠåæãã¢ããªãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ããäœãããšãäŸç€ºããã 100éšã®ã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºæŸ±ç²ãš8.5éšã®ã°ã«ã³ã°
ãªã³ã·ãïŒä¹Ÿç¥åºæºïŒããå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«åå¿
ããããèªå°äœåã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºçæç©åã³ãã®
æªèªå°äœåããŒã¹ã®6.25ïŒ ïŒä¹Ÿç¥åºæºïŒã®æ°Žæ§ã¹
ã©ãªãŒã®ã¯ããã³ã°åŸã®æ¯èŒã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§
ã«è¡ã€ããäºã€ã®ç ®ãç©ã¯åãã§ãããèªå°äœå
ã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºçæç©ã®çŠæ¢ã瀺ããªããç³åæž©
床ããŒã¿ãè¡šã«ç€ºãã å®æœäŸ 11 å®æœäŸïŒã®æé ãçšããŠãå®æœäŸïŒã®ã°ã«ã³ã°
ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã®åŠçã¬ãã«åã³çšãã柱ç²ããŒ
ã¹ãå€åããŠå€æ°ã®æŸ±ç²èªå°äœãäœã€ããç³åæž©
床ãå«ãããŒã¿ãè¡šã«ç€ºããããã¯ãç·ãŠã®ã±
ãŒã¹ã«ãããŠã°ãªã³ã·ãåŠçã®ã¬ãã«ãäžãããš
柱ç²ç³å枩床ãäžããããšã瀺ããŠããã
ãè¡šã
å®æœäŸ 12
ã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒãããå®æœäŸïŒã®åå¿æé ãçšã
ãŠå®æœäŸïŒã®ãã«ãããã¹ããªã³â10ã°ãªã³ã·ã
ã®30éšïŒãã®ãŸãŸã§ïŒãšåå¿ãããã柱ç²èªå°äœ
ã¯65âç³å枩床ãæã¡ãæªç³åããŒã¹æŸ±ç²ã®ãã
ã¯69âã§ãã€ãã å®æœäŸ 13 ãã®äŸã¯ãã«ããªã³æ§ã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒããå®æœäŸ
ïŒã®ã°ãªã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠåæãã¢ããª
ãµãã«ã©ã€ããäœãããšãäŸç€ºããã ã«ããªã³æ§æŸ±ç²ãšãŒãã«èªå°äœã¯ãïŒâãžãšã
ã«ã¢ãããšãã«ã¯ãã©ã€ãå¡©é žå¡©ã®50ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®
6.3éšãš2.0éšã®æ°Žé žåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã®åèšã100éš
ã®ã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒããš125éšã®æ°Žã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒã«å ã
ãŠäœã€ããæ··åç©ã40âã§ïŒæéæ¹æããPHã
9.3ïŒ å¡©é žæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§3.0ã«äžããããããéã§å
åããæ°Žã§äžåºŠæŽãã颚也ãããããŠå®æœäŸïŒãš
åæ§ã«7.5ïŒ ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã§åŠçããã ã«ããªã³æ§æŸ±ç²ã®ç³å枩床ã¯64.5âã§ãã€ãã
ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã§ã®åŠçåŸã«çæç©ã¯63âã®ç³
å枩床ãæã€ãã å®æœäŸ 14 ãã®äŸã¯ãæ¶æ©ã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºæŸ±ç²ãå®æœäŸïŒ
ã®ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠåæãã¢ããªãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ããäœãããšã瀺ãã æ¶æ©æŸ±ç²ã¯ã100éšã®ã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºã0.8éšã®
æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã åã³150éšã®æ°Žã®æº¶æ¶²ã«å¯éã§
ãã容åšäžã§å ããŠäœã€ãã柱ç²ã¹ã©ãªãŒã«
0.025éšã®ãšãã¯ãã«ãããªã³ãå ããåŸãã°ã
ã容åšãéãããæ··åç©ã40âã§16æéæ¹æãã
å·åŽãã次ã«9.3ïŒ å¡©é žæ°Žå®¹æ¶²ã§PHãïŒã«äžããã
ãããéã§ååããæ°Žã§æŽãã也ç¥ããå®æœäŸ
ïŒãšåæ§ã«7.5ïŒ ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã§åŠçããã æ¶æ©æŸ±ç²ã®ç³å枩床ã¯69âã§ãã€ããã°ãªã³ã·
ãåå¿å€ãšã®åŠçåŸã«æŸ±ç²çæç©ã¯66.5âã®ç³å
枩床ãæã€ãã å®æœäŸ 15 ãã®äŸã¯ãã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ãå®æœäŸïŒããã®ïŒâã¯
ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ã
ãšåå¿ãããŠåæãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããäœã
ããšãäŸç€ºããã60ïœã®ã€ãœãããããŒã«åã³
17.5ïŒ ã®æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 氎溶液18.2ïœã®åèš
ããæ©æ¢°çæ¹æè£ çœ®åã³åçž®åšãåãã250mläžž
åºãã©ã¹ã³ã«å ¥ãããæ¹æããªãã50ïœã®æªç²Ÿè£œ
ã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ã次ã«10ïœã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒä¹Ÿç¥åºæºã§
8.0ïœïŒãå ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã60âã§ïŒæéæ¹
æãã宀枩ã«å·åŽãã次ã«ã¯ãšã³é žã§äžåïŒPH
6.5ïŒããããã®æ°èŠãªã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã èªå°äœåã
éããŠååãã70ïŒ ãšã¿ããŒã«æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§äžååã³
ãšã¿ããŒã«ã§äžåæŽãã次ã«é¢šä¹Ÿããã ã°ã¢ãŒäžã§ã®ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã°ãªã³ã·ãèªå°äœåã®
ååšãå®æ§çã«åæããããã«ãèªå°äœã®äžéšã
å¡©é žã§å æ°Žå解ããŠãã°ã¢ãŒã®å€§éšåããã³ããŒ
ã¹åã³ã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹ã®ãã®ã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœ
ãžãšå解ãããå æ°Žå解ãããµã³ãã«ãæŽã«ïœâ
ããªã¡ãã«ã·ãªã«âã€ãããŸãŒã«ã§èªå°äœåãã
SP2100ã«ã©ã ãçšããŠã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ïŒ
ãã¹ã¹ãã¯ããã¡ããªãŒã§åæããããµã³ãã«ã¯
40mlïŒåã®æµéã§185âã§è©äŸ¡ããããã°ãªã³ã·
ãèªå°äœåããã®Î±âåã³Î²âã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã®äž¡è
ã®ã·ã°ãã«ãã°ã¢ããã®ã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹åã³ãã³ã
ãŒã¹ã·ã°ãã«ãšå ±ã«åå®ãããã å®æœäŸ 16 ãã®äŸã¯ãã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ãå®æœäŸïŒã®ãã«ããã
ã¹ã¹ããªã³â10ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠåæãžã
ãããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããäœãããšãäŸç€ºããã 50ïœã®ã€ãœãããããŒã«åã³æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã
ã®16ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®11.6ïœãå«ãå®æœäŸ15èšèŒã®è£ 眮
ã«ãæªç²Ÿè£œã®ã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã 30ïœãå ããã次ã«ãã«
ãããã¹ããªã³âã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒãã®ãŸãŸã§10ïœïŒ
ãå ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã60âã«16æéä¿ã€ããæ··
åç©ãå·åŽãã次ã«ã¯ãšã³é žã§6.5ã«èª¿ç¯ãã
éãããšã¿ããŒã«ã§æŽã€ãã ã°ã¢ãŒèªå°äœã®ïŒïŒ åºäœæ°Žæ§åæ£ç©ãéæã
ããåæ£ããŠããèªå°äœã次ã«Î²âã¢ãããŒã¹
ïŒããªã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹éããžãµãã«ã©ã€ããã«ããŒã¹
åäœã«å解ããããã«ç¹ç°çãªé µçŽ ïŒã§åŠçã
ãŠãã°ã¢ååäžã®ãã«ãããã¹ããªã³åŽéãå解
ããã¬ã©ã¯ããã³ãã³æ§é ã¯ãã®ãŸãŸæ®ãããå
æ£ç©ãåã³éæãããéæç©ãïœâããªã¡ãã«ã·
ãªã«âã€ãããŸãŒã«ã§åŠçããäžè¿°ããããã«ã¬
ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ã§åæããããã«ããŒã¹ãªã
ãã³ã«å°éã®Î±âåã³Î²âã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã®ã·ã°ãã«
ãåå®ããããããã¯ç·ãŠã°ãªã³ã·ãèªå°äœåã«
åž°ããããã
ãŠå®æœäŸïŒã®ãã«ãããã¹ããªã³â10ã°ãªã³ã·ã
ã®30éšïŒãã®ãŸãŸã§ïŒãšåå¿ãããã柱ç²èªå°äœ
ã¯65âç³å枩床ãæã¡ãæªç³åããŒã¹æŸ±ç²ã®ãã
ã¯69âã§ãã€ãã å®æœäŸ 13 ãã®äŸã¯ãã«ããªã³æ§ã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒããå®æœäŸ
ïŒã®ã°ãªã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠåæãã¢ããª
ãµãã«ã©ã€ããäœãããšãäŸç€ºããã ã«ããªã³æ§æŸ±ç²ãšãŒãã«èªå°äœã¯ãïŒâãžãšã
ã«ã¢ãããšãã«ã¯ãã©ã€ãå¡©é žå¡©ã®50ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®
6.3éšãš2.0éšã®æ°Žé žåã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã®åèšã100éš
ã®ã³ãŒã³ã¹ã¿ãŒããš125éšã®æ°Žã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒã«å ã
ãŠäœã€ããæ··åç©ã40âã§ïŒæéæ¹æããPHã
9.3ïŒ å¡©é žæ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§3.0ã«äžããããããéã§å
åããæ°Žã§äžåºŠæŽãã颚也ãããããŠå®æœäŸïŒãš
åæ§ã«7.5ïŒ ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã§åŠçããã ã«ããªã³æ§æŸ±ç²ã®ç³å枩床ã¯64.5âã§ãã€ãã
ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã§ã®åŠçåŸã«çæç©ã¯63âã®ç³
å枩床ãæã€ãã å®æœäŸ 14 ãã®äŸã¯ãæ¶æ©ã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºæŸ±ç²ãå®æœäŸïŒ
ã®ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠåæãã¢ããªãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ããäœãããšã瀺ãã æ¶æ©æŸ±ç²ã¯ã100éšã®ã¯ãã·ã€ã¡ã€ãºã0.8éšã®
æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã åã³150éšã®æ°Žã®æº¶æ¶²ã«å¯éã§
ãã容åšäžã§å ããŠäœã€ãã柱ç²ã¹ã©ãªãŒã«
0.025éšã®ãšãã¯ãã«ãããªã³ãå ããåŸãã°ã
ã容åšãéãããæ··åç©ã40âã§16æéæ¹æãã
å·åŽãã次ã«9.3ïŒ å¡©é žæ°Žå®¹æ¶²ã§PHãïŒã«äžããã
ãããéã§ååããæ°Žã§æŽãã也ç¥ããå®æœäŸ
ïŒãšåæ§ã«7.5ïŒ ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ãã§åŠçããã æ¶æ©æŸ±ç²ã®ç³å枩床ã¯69âã§ãã€ããã°ãªã³ã·
ãåå¿å€ãšã®åŠçåŸã«æŸ±ç²çæç©ã¯66.5âã®ç³å
枩床ãæã€ãã å®æœäŸ 15 ãã®äŸã¯ãã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ãå®æœäŸïŒããã®ïŒâã¯
ãã«âïŒâããããã·ãããã«ã°ã«ã³ã°ãªã³ã·ã
ãšåå¿ãããŠåæãããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããäœã
ããšãäŸç€ºããã60ïœã®ã€ãœãããããŒã«åã³
17.5ïŒ ã®æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã 氎溶液18.2ïœã®åèš
ããæ©æ¢°çæ¹æè£ çœ®åã³åçž®åšãåãã250mläžž
åºãã©ã¹ã³ã«å ¥ãããæ¹æããªãã50ïœã®æªç²Ÿè£œ
ã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ã次ã«10ïœã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒä¹Ÿç¥åºæºã§
8.0ïœïŒãå ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã60âã§ïŒæéæ¹
æãã宀枩ã«å·åŽãã次ã«ã¯ãšã³é žã§äžåïŒPH
6.5ïŒããããã®æ°èŠãªã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã èªå°äœåã
éããŠååãã70ïŒ ãšã¿ããŒã«æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã§äžååã³
ãšã¿ããŒã«ã§äžåæŽãã次ã«é¢šä¹Ÿããã ã°ã¢ãŒäžã§ã®ã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã°ãªã³ã·ãèªå°äœåã®
ååšãå®æ§çã«åæããããã«ãèªå°äœã®äžéšã
å¡©é žã§å æ°Žå解ããŠãã°ã¢ãŒã®å€§éšåããã³ããŒ
ã¹åã³ã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹ã®ãã®ã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœ
ãžãšå解ãããå æ°Žå解ãããµã³ãã«ãæŽã«ïœâ
ããªã¡ãã«ã·ãªã«âã€ãããŸãŒã«ã§èªå°äœåãã
SP2100ã«ã©ã ãçšããŠã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ïŒ
ãã¹ã¹ãã¯ããã¡ããªãŒã§åæããããµã³ãã«ã¯
40mlïŒåã®æµéã§185âã§è©äŸ¡ããããã°ãªã³ã·
ãèªå°äœåããã®Î±âåã³Î²âã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã®äž¡è
ã®ã·ã°ãã«ãã°ã¢ããã®ã¬ã©ã¯ããŒã¹åã³ãã³ã
ãŒã¹ã·ã°ãã«ãšå ±ã«åå®ãããã å®æœäŸ 16 ãã®äŸã¯ãã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã ãå®æœäŸïŒã®ãã«ããã
ã¹ã¹ããªã³â10ã°ãªã³ã·ããšåå¿ãããŠåæãžã
ãããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããäœãããšãäŸç€ºããã 50ïœã®ã€ãœãããããŒã«åã³æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã
ã®16ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã®11.6ïœãå«ãå®æœäŸ15èšèŒã®è£ 眮
ã«ãæªç²Ÿè£œã®ã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã 30ïœãå ããã次ã«ãã«
ãããã¹ããªã³âã°ãªã³ã·ãïŒãã®ãŸãŸã§10ïœïŒ
ãå ãããåå¿æ··åç©ã60âã«16æéä¿ã€ããæ··
åç©ãå·åŽãã次ã«ã¯ãšã³é žã§6.5ã«èª¿ç¯ãã
éãããšã¿ããŒã«ã§æŽã€ãã ã°ã¢ãŒèªå°äœã®ïŒïŒ åºäœæ°Žæ§åæ£ç©ãéæã
ããåæ£ããŠããèªå°äœã次ã«Î²âã¢ãããŒã¹
ïŒããªã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹éããžãµãã«ã©ã€ããã«ããŒã¹
åäœã«å解ããããã«ç¹ç°çãªé µçŽ ïŒã§åŠçã
ãŠãã°ã¢ååäžã®ãã«ãããã¹ããªã³åŽéãå解
ããã¬ã©ã¯ããã³ãã³æ§é ã¯ãã®ãŸãŸæ®ãããå
æ£ç©ãåã³éæãããéæç©ãïœâããªã¡ãã«ã·
ãªã«âã€ãããŸãŒã«ã§åŠçããäžè¿°ããããã«ã¬
ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ã§åæããããã«ããŒã¹ãªã
ãã³ã«å°éã®Î±âåã³Î²âã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã®ã·ã°ãã«
ãåå®ããããããã¯ç·ãŠã°ãªã³ã·ãèªå°äœåã«
åž°ããããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ äžè¬åŒ ïŒããã§ïŒ°âã¯æŸ±ç²åã³ã¬ã ãããªã矀ããéž
ã°ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãååã瀺ããïŒãµãã«ã©
ã€ãïŒïœââã¯ã¢ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã瀺
ããããã§ïŒ¯ã¯ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœã®æ«ç«¯ãµãã«
ã©ã€ãç°äžã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãççŽ ååã«çµåããŠã
ããïœã¯ïŒã20ã§ããïŒãæã€ãã¢åã¯ãããã
ãªãµãã«ã©ã€ããšãŒãã«èªå°äœã ïŒ ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœã®ãµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœãã°
ã«ã³ãŒã¹ããã·ããŒã¹ããã«ããŒã¹åã³ãã«ã¯ã
ãŒã¹ãããªã矀ããéžã°ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
é èšèŒã®èªå°äœã ïŒ ãµãã«ã©ã€ãåäœãã°ã«ã³ãŒã¹ã§ãããïœã
ïŒã10ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®èªå°
äœã ïŒ ïŒ°âã柱ç²åååã¯ã¬ã ååã瀺ãç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®èªå°äœã ïŒ ã¬ã ãã°ã¢ãŒã¬ã åã¯ããªããã¬ã ã§ããç¹
èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®èªå°äœã ïŒ äžè¬åŒ ïŒããã§ïŒ°âã¯æŸ±ç²åã³ã¬ã ãããªã矀ããéž
ã°ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãååã瀺ããïŒãµãã«ã©
ã€ãïŒïœââã¯ã¢ãåã¯ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãã瀺
ããããã§ïŒ¯ã¯ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœã®æ«ç«¯ãµãã«
ã©ã€ãç°äžã®ã°ãªã³ã·ãççŽ ååã«çµåããŠã
ããïœã¯ïŒã20ã§ããïŒãæã€ãã¢åã¯ãããã
ãªãµãã«ã©ã€ããšãŒãã«èªå°äœãäœãæ¹æ³ã«ãã
ãŠã (a) 柱ç²åã³ã¬ã ããæã矀ããéžã°ããããªãµ
ãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ãã也ç¥ããããªãµãã«ã©ã€
ãããŒã¹ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.1ã100ééïŒ ã®ãäžè¬åŒ
ïŒãµãã«ã©ã€ãïŒïœââïŒããã§ïŒ²ã¯
ãåŒãåã³ïŒå㯠ãåŒãã§ãããã¯å¡©çŽ åã¯è çŽ ã§ããïŒãæã€ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ãšåå¿ãã
ãããšãåã³ (b) åŸããšãŒãã«èªå°äœãåé¢ããããšã®å段é
ãå å«ããæ¹æ³ã ïŒ ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ã柱ç²ããŒã¹ã§ã
ããåå¿ãæ°Žæ§åªäœäžã§11ã13ã®PHã§20ã95âã®
枩床ã§0.5ã20æéè¡ãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
é ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ãããŒã¹ãã¬ã ããŒã¹ã§ã
ããåå¿ãæ°Žæ··åæ§æº¶å€ãåã³ä¹Ÿç¥ã¬ã ã«å¯ŸããŠ
0.05ã20ïŒ éå°ã¢ã«ã«ãªãå«ãæ°Žæ§åªäœäžã§15ã
100âã§0.5ã20æéè¡ãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
é ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ã°ãªã³ã·ãåå¿å€ã¯ãã¢ããµãã«ã©ã€ããå
ã¯éå æ§ççŽ ååãå«ã¿çŽ20åãŸã§ã®ãµãã«ã©ã€
ãåäœãæã€ããªãµãã«ã©ã€ããã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹
èã®ååšäžã§éå°ã®ïŒâããâïŒïŒïŒâãããã³
ãžãªãŒã«ãšåå¿ãããããšã«ããäœããããã®ã§
ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ ïŒâããâïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãžãªãŒã«ãïŒ
âã¯ãã«âåã¯ïŒâããã âïŒïŒïŒâãããã³ãž
ãªãŒã«ã§ãããã«ããªã³äº€ææš¹èãã¹ã«ãã³æ¶æ©
ããªã¹ãã¬ã³ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé ã«èšèŒ
ã®æ¹æ³ã
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US57746384A | 1984-02-06 | 1984-02-06 | |
US577463 | 1984-02-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60181102A JPS60181102A (ja) | 1985-09-14 |
JPH0240241B2 true JPH0240241B2 (ja) | 1990-09-11 |
Family
ID=24308847
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1937585A Expired - Lifetime JPH0240241B2 (ja) | 1984-02-06 | 1985-02-05 | Shinkinagoseinohomooyobiheterohorisatsukaraidooyobisonoseizoho |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0153501B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPH0240241B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1263646A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE3484433D1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4703116A (en) * | 1984-08-17 | 1987-10-27 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | Polysaccharide derivatives containing aldehyde groups, their preparation from the corresponding acetals and use as paper additives |
US4983748A (en) * | 1984-08-17 | 1991-01-08 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Acetals useful for the preparation of polysaccharide derivatives |
EP0281655B1 (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1990-10-03 | National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Aldehyde-containing heteropolysaccharides, a process for their preparation and the use thereof |
TWI302914B (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2008-11-11 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Nonreducing β-glucan derivative |
CN109096412B (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-10-22 | æŠæ±æ±ç çç©ç§æè¡ä»œæéå ¬åž | äžç§æ°šåºå±æä»èŽšåå ¶å¶å€æ¹æ³ |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2083554A (en) * | 1936-06-24 | 1937-06-15 | Rohm & Haas | Cellulose ethers |
GB625644A (en) * | 1938-07-15 | 1949-07-01 | August Chwala | Improvements in glucosidic compounds |
US3931148A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-01-06 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Hydroxyalkylamino glycosides and process of preparation |
HU181733B (en) * | 1980-08-07 | 1983-11-28 | Chinoin Gyogyszer Es Vegyeszet | Process for preparing sorbents containing cyclodextrin on cellulose base |
-
1984
- 1984-12-29 DE DE8484116503T patent/DE3484433D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-12-29 EP EP19840116503 patent/EP0153501B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1985
- 1985-01-15 CA CA000472081A patent/CA1263646A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-05 JP JP1937585A patent/JPH0240241B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0153501A3 (en) | 1986-07-23 |
EP0153501A2 (en) | 1985-09-04 |
EP0153501B1 (en) | 1991-04-10 |
CA1263646A (en) | 1989-12-05 |
JPS60181102A (ja) | 1985-09-14 |
DE3484433D1 (de) | 1991-05-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4663448A (en) | Aldehyde-containing heterpolysaccharides, a process for their preparation, and the use thereof | |
US4683298A (en) | Process for the preparation of aminated polysaccharide derivatives | |
US4920214A (en) | Process for producing modified cyclodextrins | |
Lin et al. | Structure of chia seed polysaccharide exudate | |
Jansson et al. | Demonstration of an octasaccharide repeating unit in the extracellular polysaccharide of Rhizobium meliloti by sequential degradation | |
US3375243A (en) | Method of producing alkyl glucoside compositions | |
Bouveng et al. | Methods in structural polysaccharide chemistry | |
WO1993007159A1 (en) | Preparation of trisaccharides (kestoses) and polymers by pyrolysis of amorphous sucrose | |
US4831128A (en) | Synthetic homo- and heteropolysaccharides and a method for the preparation thereof | |
Wolfrom et al. | Two Disaccharides from Carboxyl-Reduced Heparin. The Linkage Sequence in Heparin1 | |
Perlin et al. | A glucan produced by Claviceps purpurea | |
EP0153501B1 (en) | Novel synthetic homo- and heteropolysaccharides and a method for the preparation thereof | |
Matsuzaki et al. | Synthesis of waterâsoluble branched polysaccharides and their antitumor activity, 1. Branched polysaccharides from cellulose acetate | |
Lindberg et al. | Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella type 33 | |
BeMiller et al. | Methyl terminal-4-O-methylmalto-oligosaccharides | |
Doane et al. | Reaction of starch with carbohydrate trans-carbonates | |
Solov'eva et al. | Some structural features of Panax ginseng CA Mey pectin | |
Tei | Synthesis of the repeating units of schizophyllan | |
US6096882A (en) | Activated mono-, di-, oligo- and polysaccharides, reaction products thereof, their preparation and uses | |
EP0281655B1 (en) | Aldehyde-containing heteropolysaccharides, a process for their preparation and the use thereof | |
Di Fabio et al. | Structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K26 | |
JPH0565518B2 (ja) | ||
SHIMIZU et al. | Constituents of the seed of Malva verticillata. I. Structural features of the major neutral polysaccharide | |
CA1291434C (en) | Aldehyde-containing heteropolysaccharides and a process for their preparation and the use thereof | |
US4906579A (en) | New catalytically oxidized polyglucosic units and methods of making same leading to aldehyde groups on the C-6 position of polyglucosic product and new products therefrom |