JPH0233772A - Information recording system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute alternative processing to a defective sector with high reliability by adding a necessary error correcting code and error detecting data to a control word in each recording sector. CONSTITUTION:In a control word 3 of the respective recording sectors to include gaps 1 and 5 and a data part 2, etc., the error correcting data 10, which execute the error check and error correction of the data part 2 and word 3, are included in addition to ID information 6-8. Further, data 4 are added to detect the error only of the word 3. Thus, the word 3 receives the double error check and correction and the reliability of the ID information in the word 3 is improved. As a result, the erroneous alternative processing due to the defect of the ID information is suppressed to a minimum and the alternative processing to the defective sector can be executed with the high reliability.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for recording information on a recording medium, and in particular, to a method for reliably recovering bad sectors in a recording device using a recording medium such as an optical disk. Regarding the information recording method used.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in a disk recording device, an information recording method for recording a replacement sector for a defective sector has been used, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 192981/1981, when recording data in each sector, in addition to the data. By adding ID information of the sector, a recording method is used that eliminates the need to manage bad sectors.

・ 3 ・ ・ 4 Specifically, when recording data, the ID of the sector is
Add information, and when playing, the ID information and the target ID
Compare information. If the sector is a bad sector, the replacement sector will contain the ID of the bad sector in addition to the data.
Since information is added and recorded, when a bad sector is detected during playback, it is only necessary to read out the alternative sector that exists at the rear of the trunk to which the sector belongs, and there is no need to manage the relationship between the bad sector and the alternative sector. It is said that

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the above conventional method does not take into account the reliability of the ID information of the bad sector recorded in the alternative sector.

In addition, in the above conventional technology, if the alternative sector method is different, for example, the alternative sector is created flexibly,
No consideration is given to alternative processing when there is no alternative sector on the trunk to which the defective sector belongs.

Furthermore, no consideration is given to the case where the data in the sector is recorded without performing any alternative processing and without using a helicopter.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an information recording method that eliminates the problems of the prior art and can perform alternative processing for bad sectors with high reliability.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above purpose is to record data on a disk-shaped recording medium that has concentric or spiral recording trunks in the radial direction, and in which each track is divided into recording sectors, which are a plurality of preset recording units. In an information recording system that performs error correction, an error correction code (ECC) is used for each recording sector to perform error correction by treating data and a control word related to the data as one data block.
) and further adds detection data to the control word to detect errors only in the control word.

The above object can also be achieved in the above configuration by adding an error correction code (ECC) instead of detection data for detecting an error in the control word alone.

It is preferable to add various aspects to the present invention described in ``1'' in order to quickly and reliably perform alternative processing when a recording sector is a bad sector.

That is, providing an alternative sector area for recording the contents of the sector when the recording sector is a bad sector is provided in the recording medium, and further substituting the alternative sector in addition to the area of the alternative sector. Preferably, an alternative sector area is provided.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that each recording sector is provided with identification information for distinguishing it from other sectors.

That is, a self-logical ID indicating the logical address of the recording sector is recorded in the recording sector.

In addition, in the recording sector, a replacement source physical ID indicating the physical address (physical ID) of the replacement sector in the replacement sector area 1, which is expected to be replaced if the recording sector is a bad sector, is recorded. do.

In this case, the replacement source physical ID indicating the physical address (physical ID) of the replacement sector for the defective sector of the replacement sector may be further recorded in the replacement sector.

On the other hand, on the side of the substitute sector, a substitute source physical ID, which is a physical address indicating which sector the substitute sector comes from, is recorded therein.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable to add ID information to the CON 1 to ROLE words in the recording sector to determine whether there is an alternative sector when the sector is a defective sector. Further, it is preferable that this control word contains ID information indicating the number of times the sector is replaced.

In addition, in the present invention, if the occurrence of errors increases over time, the error correction capability during verification may be made lower than the error correction capability during readout.

[Effect]

The control word included in the data is F in the data section.
CC checks errors and corrects errors 7, 7, and 8.

Furthermore, error checking and error correction are performed by the FCC, which is completed with only the CON 1 to ROLE words. As a result, the control 1 to role words undergo double error checking and error correction, increasing the reliability of the ID information in the control word and minimizing erroneous substitution processing due to defects in ID information. It becomes possible.

Further, according to the present invention, by indicating the replacement destination address information, the presence or absence of replacement processing, etc. as ID information in the control word, it becomes possible to detect the replacement destination address regardless of the processing method of the replacement sector.

In addition, by reading the control word when reading data for data written without performing a verification check without performing replacement processing, it is possible to recognize that no replacement sector exists, and processing read errors can be performed at high speed. becomes possible.

〔Example〕

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a recording sector format showing a first embodiment of the information recording method of the present invention.

Each sector is composed of a data section 2, a control word 3, an ECC (ECCA) 4 for error checking and error correction of the data section 2 including the control word 3, and gaps 1 and 5.

Control word 3 includes a 3-byte self-logic ID 6 indicating a series of logical addresses starting from track 0 sector 0 in the medium to which the sector belongs, and an expected alternative track address if the sector is a bad sector. and a 3-byte expected replacement source physical ID 7 indicating the sector address,
3-byte replacement destination ID8 indicating the original track address and sector address of the data sector recorded in the replacement destination
, 1-byte substitution count value 9 indicating the number of substitution processing, ECC to 2-by-1 completed with only control word 3 (
ECC, B) consists of 10 pieces.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the control method in the information recording method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Data writing and data reading in this embodiment will be explained below according to the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, writing of one block of data will be explained according to the flowchart of FIG. 2(a).

First, in step 100, preparations for data writing are made and a seek is made to the target sector. Next, step 1.0
In step 1, it is determined whether the data write operation involves a data verify check and alternative processing.

If the data write operation does not involve a data refile check or replacement processing, the process proceeds to step 102, and the replacement source physical ID 7 in the control word 3 is set to an address that can be easily distinguished from other replacement destination addresses, for example,
Write a physical ID with the same contents as the self-logical ID6 of the sector.

If the data write operation involves data verification and replacement processing, the process advances to step 103, and the expected 1-rack address and sector address of the replacement destination are written in the replacement source physical ID 7 in the control word 3.

When Step 02 or Step 103 is completed, the process proceeds to Step 104, where one sector worth of data is written. At the time of data writing, control word 3 is also written, but in this embodiment, the control word 3 is written to an alternative sector. In the alternative destination address ID8 indicating the original track address and sector address of the written data, a physical ID having the same contents as the self logical ID6 indicating the logical address of the sector is recorded.

Next, the process proceeds to step 105, where it is determined whether writing of one block of data has been completed. When one block of data has been written, the process advances to step 106. 1
If data writing for a block is not completed, steps 101 to 105 are repeated until data writing for one block is completed.

Next, in step 11.12.-06, it is determined whether the data writing is accompanied by a verify check and alternative processing. If the writing of the data does not involve a helifi check and alternative processing, the process proceeds to step 110 and the writing operation ends.

If the data write involves verification check and alternative processing, in step 107, step 1.04 is performed.
One block of data written in is read out.

Next, in step 108, a verification check is performed on the data written in step 104 and the data read out in step 107. If a verify error sector is found in the verify check, the sector is recognized as a bad sector, and in step 109 the data of the bad sector is written to a replacement sector.

At this time, the control word 3 is also written at the same time, but in this embodiment, the logical address of the alternative sector is written in the self-logic ID 6 indicating the logical address of the current sector. In addition, the expected replacement destination ID7 is also the self-logic ID6.
Write the physical ID with the same content as . Furthermore, the alternative destination ID
8, the track address and sector address of the defective sector are written.

Next, the process proceeds to step 110, where writing of one block of data is ended.

Next, the operation when reading one block of data will be explained according to the flowchart of FIG. 2(b).

First, in step 200, preparation for a read operation is performed, and a seek to a target sector is performed.

Next, in step 201, data for one sector is read. In step 202, the read data undergoes error checking and error correction by the ECCA 4 in the data section. As a result, if the sector is recognized as not being a bad sector, the process proceeds to step 209. If the sector is recognized as a bad sector, the process advances to step 204.

In step 204, the ECCB 10 performs error checking and error correction on the control word 3 of the bad sector. The result is determined in step 205, and if the control word 3 is defective, step 205 is performed.
The process advances to step 17, where it is recognized as a read error. If the control word 3 is not defective, the process advances to step 206.

In step 206, the predicted alternative destination ID7 in the control word 3 is read. When the content of the expected alternative destination ID7 is an address different from other expected alternative destination addresses, in this embodiment, the self-logical ID indicating the current address
If the physical ID is the same as the content of 6, the process advances to step 217, where it is recognized as a read error. If the expected alternative destination ID7 is other than the above address, proceed to step 207;
The contents of the self-logic ID6 and expected replacement destination ID7 of the bad sector are stored. Next, the process proceeds to step 208, and the number of bad sectors is counted.

Next, the process advances to step 209, where it is determined whether reading of one block of data has been completed.

When the reading of one block of data is completed, the process advances to step 210. If one block of data has not been read out yet, steps 201 to 209 are repeated until one block of data has been read out.

Next, in step 210, it is determined whether a bad sector exists in the read one block data. If there is no bad sector in the block data, the process advances to step 218 and the read operation is ended. If a bad sector exists in the block data,
Proceeding to step 211, a replacement sector for the defective sector is read out according to the expected replacement destination ID7 stored in step 207.

Next, in step 212, the alternative sector is error checked and corrected by ECCA4. As a result, when the alternative sector is recognized as being defective, the process proceeds to step 217, where it is recognized as a read error. If the alternative sector is not a bad sector, the process proceeds to step 214, where the contents of the alternative sector are stored in a memory for reading.

Next, in step 215, it is determined that there are other bad sectors.
. . 16. It is determined whether there are any defective sectors, that is, whether alternative processing has been performed for the number of bad sectors counted in step 208. If there are no other defective sectors, the process advances to step 218 and the reading of one block of data is completed. If there are other bad sectors, step 216
Steps 211 to 215 are repeated for the number of bad sectors counted in step 208.

Next, the process advances to step 218, and reading of one block of data is completed.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the control word 3 is subjected to double error checking and error correction by the ECCA4 of the data section and the ECCB I/O which is completed only by the control word 3, so that it is better than the conventional method. is also highly reliable. That is, even if a certain sector is defective, there is a high probability that the control word will be correctly reproduced, so that the reliability of alternative processing is also high. In addition, control word 3 allows it to be determined whether the read data is data that was recorded without a verification check and which performs alternative processing, making it possible to determine read errors more quickly than before. .

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The second embodiment of the present invention is a control system that also takes into account alternative processing when the alternative sector in the first embodiment of the present invention becomes a bad sector.

First, the write operation of one block of data in the second embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 3(a).

First, in step 300, preparation for writing is performed and a seek to the target sector is performed.

Next, in step 301, the data writing is performed by
Determine whether a partial check and alternative processing are required. As a result, if the data write is not accompanied by verify check and alternative processing, the process proceeds to step 302.

In step 302, an address that can be easily distinguished from other alternative addresses, for example, in this embodiment, a physical ID having the same content as the self-logical ID 6 of the sector is written into the expected alternative destination ID7 in the control address.

If the data write is accompanied by a verify check and a replacement process, the process proceeds to step 303, where a 1-rack address and a sector address are written to the expected replacement destination in the expected replacement destination ID7 in the control word.

Next, when step 302 or step 303 is completed, the process proceeds to step 304, where data for one sector is written. At this time, control word 3 is also written at the same time, but in this embodiment, the alternative source ID
8 records a physical ID having the same content as the self-logical ID f3 indicating the logical ID of the sector.

Next, the process advances to step 305, where it is determined whether writing of one block of data has been completed.

As a result, if writing of block data has been completed, the process advances to step 306. If writing of one blockator is not completed, steps 301 to 305 are repeated until writing of one blockator is completed.

Next, the process proceeds to step 306, where it is determined whether the data write involves a verify check and alternative processing. If the data writing is not accompanied by a helicopter check and alternative processing, the process advances to step 315;
Finish writing one block of data. If the data writing involves a verify check and alternative processing, the process advances to step 307 and the data written in step 304 is read.

Immediately, the process proceeds to step 308, where the data written in step 304 and the data read out in step 30.7 are checked. As a result, if a verify error sector does not exist, the process advances to step 315 and 1
Finish writing block data. As a result of the verify check, if a verify error sector exists, the sector is recognized as a bad sector and step 30
Go to 9, 19 ・ ・ 20.

In step 309, the data in the bad sector is written to the alternative sector. At this time, the control word 3 is also written at the same time, but the logical address of the alternative sector is written in the self-logical ID6 indicating the current logical address, and the expected secondary alternative destination is written in the expected alternative destination ID D7. Track address and sector address are written. Furthermore, the track address and sector address of the defective sector are written in the replacement source ID8.

Next, the process proceeds to step 310, where the number of bad sectors is counted from 1 to 1.

Next, the process advances to step 311, and the data in the alternative sector written in step 309 is read.

Next, the data written in step 309 and step 3
Verification check is performed with the data read in step 11. As a result, if the sector is not a verify error sector, the process proceeds to step 314. As a result of the verify check, if the sector is a verify error sector, the sector is recognized as a bad sector and the process proceeds to step 313.

In step 313, the data in the bad sector is
Written to the next alternate sector. At this time, control word 3 is also written at the same time, but the logical address of the secondary alternative sector is written to the self-logic ID6 indicating the logical address of the current sector, and the logical address of the secondary alternative sector is written to the alternative source ID8. The original track address and sector address of the data is written. Further, in the present embodiment, a physical value having the same content as 6 is written from the self-logic to the expected replacement destination ID7.

Next, the process proceeds to step 314, and it is determined whether the verification check and replacement processing have been completed for the number of replacement sectors counted in step 310. If the heli-fi check and replacement processing have been completed for all replacement sectors, the process advances to step 315, and writing of one block of data is completed. If the verification check and replacement processing of all alternative sectors have not been completed,
Steps 311 to 314 are repeated until the verification checker and replacement processing for all replacement sectors are completed.

Next, the read operation of 1 hour data in the second embodiment of the present invention will be explained using FIG. 3(b).

First, in step 4-00, preparation for a read operation is performed, and a seek to the target sector is performed. next,
In step 401, data for one sector is read. Next, in step 402, the read data including the control word 3 is error checked and corrected by the ECCA 4. As a result of the error check and error correction in step 402, if the sector is not a bad sector, the process proceeds to step 409. If the sector is recognized as a bad sector in step 402, step 4
Proceed to 04.

In step 404, the ECCB 10, which is completed only by the control words 1-3, performs error checking and error correction on the control word 3. As a result, if control word 3 is defective, the process advances to step 423, where it is recognized as a read error. As a result of the error check and error correction, if the control word 3 is not defective, the process proceeds to step 406.

In step 406, 7 is read from the expected alternative destination in control word 3. If the address is different from the expected replacement destination ID 7 or other expected replacement destination addresses, for example, in this embodiment, if the physical ID is the same as the contents of the self logical ID 6 indicating the current address, the process advances to step 423. , is recognized as a read error. If the expected replacement destination ID7 is an address other than the above address, the process proceeds to step 407, and the contents of the self-logic ID6 and expected replacement destination ID7 of the sector are stored. Next, the process proceeds to step 408, and the number of bad sectors is counted.

Next, the process proceeds to step 4Q9, where it is determined whether reading of only one block of data has been completed.

] - If reading of the block data is completed, step 41. Proceed to ○. Reading 1 block of data・23
・ ・24 ・ If the reading is not completed, steps 401 to 409 are performed until reading of one block of data is completed.
Repeat.

Next, the process proceeds to step 410, where it is determined whether there is a defective sector within one block of data.

If there is no defective sector in the block data, the process advances to step 424 and reading of one block data is completed. If it is determined in step 410 that a defective sector exists in the block data, the process advances to step 411 and an alternative sector is read.

Next, in step 412, the data in the alternative sector is checked and corrected for errors by ECCA4. As a result, if the alternative sector is not defective, the process proceeds to step 414, and the contents of the alternative sector are stored in the read memory. As a result of step 412, if the alternative sector is a bad sector, the process proceeds to step 415.

In step 415, the control word 3 of the alternative sector is converted into an EC that is completed only by the control word 3.
CB 10 performs error checking and error correction. As a result, if the control wires 1 and 3 are defective, the process proceeds to step 423, where it is recognized as a read error. As a result of step 415, the control word 3
If the sector is not defective, the process proceeds to step 417, and the self-logic ID 6 and expected replacement destination ID 7 of the replacement sector are stored.

Next, the process proceeds to step 418, where the number of error replacement sectors is counted.

Next, when step 414 or step 418 is completed, the process advances to step 419 to check whether there are other alternative sectors, that is, perform error checking and alternative processing on the number of alternative sectors counted in step 408. Determine whether or not. As a result, if the error check and alternative processing have been completed for all alternative sectors, the process advances to step 421. If there are alternative sectors for which error checking and alternative processing have not been performed, steps 411 to 419 are repeated until the error checking and alternative processing for all alternative sectors are completed.

Next, the process proceeds to step 421, where it is determined whether a bad sector exists in the alternative sector. If there is no defective sector, the process advances to step 424 and the reading of one block of data is completed. If it is recognized in step 421 that a bad sector exists among the alternative sectors, the process proceeds to step 422.

In step 422, it is determined whether the replacement sector is a primary replacement sector or a secondary replacement sector. If the alternative sector is a secondary alternative sector, the process advances to step 423, where it is recognized as a read error. If the replacement sector is a primary replacement sector, step 411
Proceed to.

Next, the operations of steps 411 to 419, that is, helifi check and replacement processing, are performed on the secondary replacement sector. When the verification check and replacement processing are completed for all secondary replacement sectors, the process advances to step 421.

In step 421, it is determined whether there is no bad sector in the secondary alternative sector.

As a result, if there are no bad sectors, step 4
The process advances to step 24, and reading of one block of data is completed.

If it is determined in step 421 that a bad sector exists in the secondary alternative sector, the process advances to step 422. In this embodiment, if the defective sector is a secondary alternative sector, it is determined to be an error in step 422, and the process proceeds to step 423, where it is recognized as a read error.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the control word 3 is subjected to double error checking and error correction by the ECCA 4 of the data part and the ECCB 10, which is completed only by the control word 3. More reliable than before.

In other words, even if a certain sector is a bad sector, the second I
- Since the roll word 3 has a high probability of being correctly reproduced, the reliability of alternative processing is also higher than before. In addition, the control word 3 makes it possible to determine whether the read data is data that was recorded without alternative processing and without a hemicheck. Read errors can be quickly determined.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 4 and 5.

As shown in FIG. 4, the recording medium in the third embodiment of the present invention has data 1-rack 11 arranged concentrically.
, a primary alternative sector area 12 with a predetermined number of sectors is provided for each of a plurality of tracks, and a secondary alternative sector area 13 with a fixed number of sectors is provided on the outer periphery.

The writing operation of one block data according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 5(a).

First, in step 500, preparation for writing is performed and a seek is made to the target sector.

Next, in step 501, one block of data is written. At this time, O is written in the substitution count value 9 indicating the number of substitution processes in the control word.

Finally, in step 502, one sector worth of data written in step 501 is read out. Next, step 50
In step 3, a verify check is performed between the data written in step 501 and the data read in step 502, and if the sector does not have a verification error, the process advances to step 509. As a result of the verify check, if the sector is a bad sector, the process proceeds to step 504.

In step 504, it is determined whether data has been written in all of the primary alternative sector areas 12 of a fixed number of sectors. As a result, if there is a primary alternative sector in which no data has been written, the process advances to step 505 and the data of the defective sector is written to the primary alternative sector. If the primary alternative sector area 12 has been completely written by the alternative process, the process advances to step 506 and the data of the defective sector is written to the secondary alternative sector area 13.

Next, for the data written in step 505 or step 506, 1 is added to the substitution count value 9 indicating the number of substitution processes in the control word 3 of the setter.
Write. Next, the process proceeds to step 508, where the number of defective sectors is counted.

Next, the process proceeds to step 509, where it is determined whether the edge check and replacement processing for one block of data has been completed. As a result, if the verification check and alternative processing for one block of data are completed, step 510
Proceed to. If it is determined in step 509 that there is a sector that has not been subjected to the verify checker and alternative processing, the process continues from step 502 to step 502 until the verification check and alternative processing of one block of data are completed.
09 Repeat.

Next, in step 51.0, the alternative sector is read. Next, in step 511, a verification check is performed on the alternative sector, and if the alternative sector is not a defective sector, the process proceeds to step 514. As a result of the verify check, if it is determined that the alternative sector is a bad sector, the process proceeds to step 512.

In step 512, it is determined whether or not there is a sector that can be replaced in the secondary alternative sector area 13. If there is no sector that can be replaced, the process proceeds to step 522, where it is recognized as a lie 1 error. If a sector that can be replaced exists in the secondary replacement sector area 13, in step 513, the data of the defective replacement sector is written to the secondary replacement sector.

At this time, 2 is written in the substitution count value 9 in the control word 3 indicating the number of substitution processes.

Next, the process proceeds to step 5]4 to check the number of alternative sectors that have been subjected to the hemicheck and replacement process.If the number counted in step 508 is less than the number of sectors in the primary alternative sector area 12, When the verification check and alternative processing have been performed by the number counted in step 508, the process ends and the process proceeds to step 515. The number counted in step 508 is the primary alternative sector area 1.
If the number of sectors is equal to or greater than 2, the process ends when the verification check and alternative processing have been performed for the number of sectors, and the process proceeds to step 515.

・31 Next, in step 515, it is determined whether the number counted in step 508 is less than or equal to the number of sectors in the primary alternative sector area 12, and if it is, the process proceeds to step 523.
Proceed to and end the write operation. At step 508,
If the counted number is greater than the number of sectors in the primary alternative sector area 1-2, the process advances to step 516. Step 51
At step 6, a search is made in the secondary alternative sector area 13 for a sector in which the alternative number value 9 indicating the number of times of alternative processing in the control word 3 is 1.

Next, in step 516, the searched alternative sector is read. Since the alternative sector is a primary alternative sector, a verification check is performed in step 518;
If it is not a bad sector, the process advances to step 521. As a result of the verification check in step 518, if the alternative sector is a bad sector, the process proceeds to step 519.

In step 519, it is determined whether there are any replaceable sectors remaining in the secondary replacement sector area 13. If there is no replaceable sector, the process advances to step 522, where a write error is recognized. If there is a sector that can be replaced in the secondary sector, the process proceeds to step 520, and the data of the defective replacement sector is written to the secondary replacement sector. At this time, 2 is written in the substitution count value 9 in the control word 3 indicating the number of substitution processes.

Next, the process proceeds to step 521, and it is determined whether or not the verification check and substitution process have been completed for the number of alternative sectors counted in step 508. If they have been completed, the process proceeds to step 523, and the write operation is ended. do.

Next, the read operation of one block data according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 5(b).

First, in step 600, preparations for a read operation are made and a seek to the target sector is performed.

Next, in step 601, data for one set is read out. Next, in step 602, an error check is performed on the sector. As a result, if the sector is not a bad sector, the process advances to step 607.

In step 603, the replacement source ID 8 in the controller 1'3 searches for a replacement sector whose physical ID has the same contents as the self logical ID 6 of the defective sector.

Next, in step 604, a replacement number value 9 indicating the number of replacement processing times for the replacement sector is checked. Similarly to the alternative sector, another alternative sector with an alternative source ID 8 of a physical ID having the same contents as the self-logical ID 6 of the defective sector has an alternative number value 9 indicating the number of times of alternative processing, or an alternative sector larger than the alternative sector. Determine whether the sector exists, and if the replacement number value 9 indicating the number of times of replacement processing for the replacement sector is the maximum, step 6
Proceed to 05. If the substitution count value 9 indicating the number of substitution processes is not the maximum, steps 603 to 604 are repeated.

Next, in step 605, the self-logic ID6 of the alternative sector is stored. Next, the process advances to step 606 to count the number of bad sectors.

Next, the process advances to step 607, where it is determined whether or not reading of one block of data has been completed.If it has been completed, the process advances to step 608. Steps 601 to 607 are repeated until reading of one block data is completed.
Repeat.

Next, in step 608, it is determined whether a bad sector exists in one block of data. If there is no bad sector in the block data, step 6
The process advances to step 12 to end the read operation. If a bad sector exists in the block data, the process advances to step 609, and an alternative sector is read out based on the self-logic ID6 stored in step 605. Next, in step 6]-0, the contents of the alternative sector are stored in the read memory.

Next, the process advances to step 611, in which it is determined whether or not replacement processing has been completed for all defective sectors. If the replacement processing for all defective sectors has been completed, the process advances to step 612 and the read operation is ended. Defective cells for which alternative processing has not been completed, 35. 36.

If there is a lid, steps 609 to 611 are performed for all bad sectors until the replacement process is completed.
Repeat.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, each of a plurality of tracks has a primary alternative sector area 12 of a preset number of sectors, and further has two primary alternative sector areas 12 for alternative processing of alternative sectors.
In a recording method for a non-rewritable recording medium having a secondary alternative sector area 13, if the number of bad sectors is greater than the preset number of alternative sectors, the overflowing bad sectors are transferred to the secondary alternative sector area. 13, and further write the number of substitution processing to the substitution number 9 in the control word in the sector, making it easier to identify the alternative sector, and when reading, the number of substitution processing 9 is used to determine the final It becomes possible to easily read the alternative sector, and high-speed reading becomes possible.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Alternative processing in the disk recording device is performed when the sector is recognized as a bad sector, that is, when the error rate of the sector exceeds the error correction ability. However, the error rate during data reading may be higher than during verification due to deterioration due to changes over time. If the error rate during reading is lower than the error correction capability, there is no problem because alternative processing is not performed during verification and during reading. Furthermore, if the error rate during verification is greater than the error correction capability, alternative processing is performed during verification, and even if the sector becomes a defective sector during reading, there is no problem since there is an alternative sector.

However, the difference between the error rate during verification and the error correction ability is small, and when verifying, error correction is possible and alternative processing is performed.When reading data, the error rate increases due to changes over time, so error correction is not possible. If the sector is recognized as a bad sector and the sector is recognized as a bad sector, replacement processing cannot be performed because no replacement sector has been created during verification, resulting in a REET error.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the error correction ability during verification is made lower than the correction ability during data read. (Actually, error correction is not performed.) As a result, when the error rate is such that a bad sector is recognized when reading data, conventionally, error correction is performed and no alternative processing is performed during verification. , In this embodiment, the error correction ability during verification is low (error correction ability O).
Therefore, the sector is recognized as a bad sector and replacement processing is performed. That is, if a sector is recognized as defective when reading data, a read error will not occur because alternative processing is always performed during verification.

As described above, according to this embodiment, if a defective sector is recognized during data reading, there is always an alternative sector for it, so no read error occurs. Further, even if it is possible to eliminate a defective sector by reading data, reading an alternative sector allows faster processing than re-reading data.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, even if a bad sector exists when recording on a recording medium, the control word is subjected to double error checking and error correction, so the reliability is high and the reliability of alternative processing is high. It also becomes more expensive. Further, in the present invention, by using the control unit 1, it is possible to determine whether the data has been written after being subjected to heli-fi check and alternative processing, and read error processing can be performed faster than in the past.

Furthermore, the present invention makes it possible to reliably prepare alternative sectors for error sectors that can be recovered by re-reading by lowering the error correction capability at the time of verification. It becomes possible to perform the process at high speed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the format in a recording sector used in the first embodiment of the information recording method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the control method of a disk recording device to which the first embodiment of the information recording method of the present invention is applied. Flowcharts 39 40. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a control system for a disk recording device to which the second embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart suitable for applying the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a control method for a disk recording apparatus to which the third embodiment of the present invention is applied. 1.5: Gap, 2: Data section, 3: Control word, 4: ECCA, 6: Self-logic ID,
7. Expected replacement destination ID, 8. Alternative destination ID, 9. Substitution number value, 10. ECCB, 11..Data trunk, 12..
Primary alternative sector area, 13. Secondary alternative sector area.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A disc-shaped disk having concentric or spiral recording tracks in the radial direction, and each track being divided into recording sectors that are preset recording units. In an information recording method for recording on a recording medium, an error correction code (ECC) is added to each recording sector to perform error correction by treating data and a control word related to the data as one data block, and An information recording method characterized in that detection data for detecting errors only in words is added to the control word. 2. Recording is performed on a disk-shaped recording medium that has concentric or spiral recording tracks in the radial direction, and each track is divided into recording sectors that are preset recording units. In the information recording method, an error correction code (ECC) is added to each recording sector to perform error correction by treating data and a control word related to the data as one data block, and further, error correction is performed only for the control word. An information recording method characterized in that an error correction code (ECC) is added to the control word. 3. The information recording system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the recording medium is provided with an alternative sector area for recording the contents of the sector when the recording sector is a defective sector. 4. On the recording medium, in addition to the alternative sector area,
4. The information recording system according to claim 3, further comprising an alternative sector area for replacing said alternative sector. 5. The information recording method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a self-logical ID indicating a logical address of the recording sector is recorded in the recording sector. 6. In the recording sector, a replacement destination physical ID indicating a physical address (physical ID) of a replacement sector in the replacement sector area that is expected to be replaced if the recording sector is a defective sector is recorded. 4. The information recording method according to claim 3, wherein: 7. The information recording method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a replacement destination physical address indicating a physical address (physical ID) of the replacement sector for the defective sector of the replacement sector is recorded in the replacement sector. . 8. The information record according to claim 3, 4, 6 or 7, wherein a replacement source physical ID, which is a physical address indicating which sector the replacement sector is from, is recorded in the replacement sector. method. 9. Claim 3, 4, 6 or 7, characterized in that ID information for determining the presence or absence of an alternative sector when the sector is a defective sector is added to the control word.
Information recording method described. 10. The information recording method according to claim 3, 4, 6, or 7, characterized in that ID information indicating the number of times of alternate processing of the sector is added to the control word. 11. Claim 1, characterized in that the error correction capability during verification is lower than the error correction capability during readout.
, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.