JPH02306217A - Liquid crystal electrooptical element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal electrooptical elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02306217A JPH02306217A JP1128110A JP12811089A JPH02306217A JP H02306217 A JPH02306217 A JP H02306217A JP 1128110 A JP1128110 A JP 1128110A JP 12811089 A JP12811089 A JP 12811089A JP H02306217 A JPH02306217 A JP H02306217A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal cell
- refractive index
- polarizing plate
- anisotropic body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野コ 本発明は液晶電気光学素子に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application fields] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal electro-optical device.
[従来の技術]
従来のπセルと呼ばれる液晶電気光学素子は、対句する
基板表面の液晶分子のプレチルト方向が液晶層の中心面
に対して面対称である液晶セルを用いることによって、
高速応答を実現している。[Prior Art] A conventional liquid crystal electro-optical element called a π cell uses a liquid crystal cell in which the pretilt direction of liquid crystal molecules on the surface of a pair of substrates is plane symmetric with respect to the center plane of the liquid crystal layer.
Achieves high-speed response.
しかしながらこの素子は、液晶の複屈折を制御して表示
を行うために、表示に特有の色付きが存在する。この色
付きを解消する目的で、πセルとは別に光学的異方体を
備えることが、従来から特願昭62−58706号等で
提案されていた。However, since this element performs display by controlling the birefringence of the liquid crystal, there is a unique coloring in the display. In order to eliminate this coloring, it has been proposed in the past to provide an optically anisotropic body in addition to the π cell, such as in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-58706.
第3図に従来の液晶電気光学素子の断面図を示す。図中
、1は上側偏光板、2は液晶セル、5は光学的異方体、
4は下側偏光板である。FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal electro-optical element. In the figure, 1 is an upper polarizing plate, 2 is a liquid crystal cell, 5 is an optical anisotropic body,
4 is a lower polarizing plate.
液晶セルには、チッソ社製の液晶5S−5003(Δn
=0.08)を用いて、2枚の透明電極基板間に略ホモ
ジニアス配向させた。また液晶層厚dは、リターデーシ
ョンΔndが0.40μmになるよう、5.0μmに設
定した。一方、光学的異方体にはポリカーボネートを主
成分とする高分子の一軸延伸フィルムを用いた。そのリ
ターデーションは0.35μmである。The liquid crystal cell is Chisso's liquid crystal 5S-5003 (Δn
=0.08) to achieve substantially homogeneous alignment between two transparent electrode substrates. Further, the liquid crystal layer thickness d was set to 5.0 μm so that the retardation Δnd was 0.40 μm. On the other hand, a uniaxially stretched polymeric film containing polycarbonate as a main component was used as the optically anisotropic body. Its retardation is 0.35 μm.
第4図には、従来の液晶電気光学素子の各軸の関係図を
示した。液晶セルの上下の基板のラビング方向が一致し
ているため、基板表面の液晶分子のプレチルト方向は、
第3図に示すように液晶層の中心面に対して面対称にな
っている。その他の軸関係は、上側偏光板の偏光軸(吸
収軸)方向11が液晶セルの上基板のラビング方向12
となす角度21を左45″、液晶セルの下基板のラビン
グ方向13と一軸延伸フィルムの延伸方向14とのなす
角度22を90°、下側偏光板の偏光軸(吸収軸)方向
15が14となす角度23を左456とした。FIG. 4 shows a relationship diagram of each axis of a conventional liquid crystal electro-optical element. Since the rubbing directions of the upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal cell are the same, the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate surface is
As shown in FIG. 3, it has plane symmetry with respect to the center plane of the liquid crystal layer. The other axis relationship is that the polarization axis (absorption axis) direction 11 of the upper polarizing plate is the rubbing direction 12 of the upper substrate of the liquid crystal cell.
The angle 21 formed by this is 45'' to the left, the angle 22 formed by the rubbing direction 13 of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell and the stretching direction 14 of the uniaxially stretched film is 90°, and the polarization axis (absorption axis) direction 15 of the lower polarizing plate is 14 The angle 23 made with this is set to 456 to the left.
以上紹介した従来の液晶電気光学素子は、立ち上がり0
.3ms、立ち下がり2.1msという優れた応答特性
を有しており、また光学的異方体による補償で色付きも
極めて小さく抑えられている。The conventional liquid crystal electro-optical device introduced above has a rise of 0.
.. It has an excellent response characteristic of 3 ms and a fall time of 2.1 ms, and coloring is suppressed to an extremely small level by compensation using an optical anisotropic body.
[発明が解決しようとする課題]
しかしながら、従来の液晶電気光学素子には、表示が良
好に視認できる視角範囲(以下、単に視角と呼ぶ)が狭
いという課題がある。従来の液晶電気光学素子は、1:
10以上のコントラスト比を有する視角範囲が、上下方
向に±15°、左右方向に±20′であった。このよう
に視角が狭い原因は、主として非選択時即ちオフ時の光
重が、見る方向によって著しく変化するためである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, conventional liquid crystal electro-optical elements have a problem in that the viewing angle range (hereinafter simply referred to as viewing angle) in which display can be clearly recognized is narrow. Conventional liquid crystal electro-optical elements have 1:
The viewing angle range having a contrast ratio of 10 or more was ±15° in the vertical direction and ±20' in the horizontal direction. The reason for such a narrow viewing angle is mainly that the light weight when not selected, that is, when it is off, changes significantly depending on the viewing direction.
本発明はこのような課題を解決するもので、その目的と
するところは、視角が広く、かつ表示の色付きの少ない
液晶電気光学素子を提供するところにある。The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and its purpose is to provide a liquid crystal electro-optical element that has a wide viewing angle and displays less color.
[課題を解決するための手段]
本発明の液晶電気光学素子は、対向する2枚の電極基板
間に略ホモジニアス配向した液晶を挟持してなる液晶セ
ルと、前記液晶以外に少なくとも一層の光学的異方体と
、それらを挟んで両側に配置された一対の偏光板とを備
えた液晶電気光学素子において、前記光学的異方体が有
する3つの主要な屈折率Nio、N2o、N3eの内、
ある1つの屈折率N3eが他の2つの屈折率Nio、N
2oよりも小さく、かつその屈折率N3eに対応する軸
が、前記液晶セルの基板表面に対してほぼ水平な方向に
°あることを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] The liquid crystal electro-optical device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal cell comprising a substantially homogeneously oriented liquid crystal sandwiched between two opposing electrode substrates, and at least one optical layer other than the liquid crystal. In a liquid crystal electro-optical element comprising an anisotropic body and a pair of polarizing plates disposed on both sides with the anisotropic body in between, among the three main refractive indices Nio, N2o, and N3e of the optical anisotropic body,
One refractive index N3e is the other two refractive index Nio, N
2o, and the axis corresponding to the refractive index N3e is located in a direction substantially horizontal to the substrate surface of the liquid crystal cell.
また、前記液晶セルの対向する2枚の基板表面の液晶分
子のプレチルト方向が、液晶層の中心面に対して互いに
面対称であることを特徴とする。Further, the pretilt directions of the liquid crystal molecules on the surfaces of the two opposing substrates of the liquid crystal cell are plane symmetrical to each other with respect to the central plane of the liquid crystal layer.
以下、実施例により本発明の詳細を示す。Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be shown by examples.
[実施例コ
第1図に、本発明の実施例1における液晶電気光学素子
の断面図を示す。図中、1は上側偏光板、2は液晶セル
、3は光学的異方体、4は下側偏光板である。液晶セル
には、チッソ社製の液晶5S−5003(△n=0.0
8)を用いて、2枚の透明電極基板間に略ホモジニアス
配向させた。また液晶層厚dは、リターデーションΔn
dが0140μmになるよう、5.0μmに設定した。[Example 1] FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal electro-optical element in Example 1 of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an upper polarizing plate, 2 is a liquid crystal cell, 3 is an optical anisotropic body, and 4 is a lower polarizing plate. The liquid crystal cell used was Chisso's liquid crystal 5S-5003 (△n=0.0
8) to achieve substantially homogeneous alignment between two transparent electrode substrates. In addition, the liquid crystal layer thickness d is the retardation Δn
It was set to 5.0 μm so that d was 0.140 μm.
一方、光学的異方体には、ポリスチレン(PS)を延伸
して得た一軸延伸フイルムを用いた。通常の高分子フィ
ルムは、延伸を行うと延伸方向の屈折率が増加する性質
があるが、PSやポリメタクリル酸メチル(PMMA)
等は、逆に延伸方向の屈折率が減少する性質を持つでい
る。この−軸延伸フィルムの屈折率は、N1o=1.5
36、N2o=1.538、N5e=1.524である
。ここでN3eは一軸延伸フィルムの延伸方向の屈折率
、N2oはフィルム面内でこれに垂直な方向の屈折率、
Nl。On the other hand, a uniaxially stretched film obtained by stretching polystyrene (PS) was used as the optically anisotropic body. Ordinary polymer films have the property that the refractive index in the stretching direction increases when stretched, but PS and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
On the contrary, the refractive index in the stretching direction decreases. The refractive index of this −axially stretched film is N1o=1.5
36, N2o=1.538, N5e=1.524. Here, N3e is the refractive index in the stretching direction of the uniaxially stretched film, N2o is the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to this within the film plane,
Nl.
はフィルムの膜厚方向の屈折率を表わしている。represents the refractive index in the thickness direction of the film.
なお膜厚は25μmであるので、リターデーションは0
.35μmとなる。Note that the film thickness is 25 μm, so the retardation is 0.
.. It becomes 35 μm.
第2図には、各軸の関係図を示した。液晶セルの上下の
基板のラビング方向が一致しているため、基板表面の液
晶分子のプレチルト方向は、第1図に示すように液晶層
の中心面に対して面対称になっている。その他の軸関係
は、上側偏光板の偏光軸(吸収軸)方向11が液晶セル
の上基板のラビング方向12となす角度21を左45°
、液晶セルの下基板のラビング方向13と一軸延伸フィ
ルムの延伸方向14とのなす角度22を0°、下側偏光
板の偏光軸(吸収軸)方向15が14となす角度23を
右45°とした。FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the relationship between each axis. Since the rubbing directions of the upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal cell are the same, the pretilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the substrate surface is plane symmetrical with respect to the center plane of the liquid crystal layer, as shown in FIG. The other axis relationships are as follows: The angle 21 between the polarization axis (absorption axis) direction 11 of the upper polarizing plate and the rubbing direction 12 of the upper substrate of the liquid crystal cell is 45° to the left.
, the angle 22 formed by the rubbing direction 13 of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell and the stretching direction 14 of the uniaxially stretched film is 0°, and the angle 23 formed by the polarization axis (absorption axis) direction 15 of the lower polarizing plate with 14 is 45° to the right. And so.
本発明の液晶電気光学素子は、パネル面に垂直な方向か
ら見る限り、従来の液晶電気光学素子と全く同様の電気
光学特性を示す。即ち、従来同様優れた応答特性や色特
性を有している。The liquid crystal electro-optical element of the present invention exhibits exactly the same electro-optic characteristics as a conventional liquid crystal electro-optical element, as long as it is viewed from the direction perpendicular to the panel surface. That is, it has excellent response characteristics and color characteristics as in the conventional case.
その上、1:10以上のコントラスト比を有する視角範
囲は、上下方向に±25°、左右方向に±60″と大き
く広がっている。このように視角が広くなった原因は、
主としてオフ時の光量の視角変化が、膜厚方向に大きな
屈折率を有する一軸延伸フィルムによって補償されるた
めである。Furthermore, the viewing angle range with a contrast ratio of 1:10 or more has expanded significantly by ±25° in the vertical direction and ±60'' in the horizontal direction.The reasons for this wide viewing angle are:
This is mainly because the change in viewing angle of the amount of light during off-time is compensated by the uniaxially stretched film having a large refractive index in the film thickness direction.
[発明の効果コ
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、光学的異方体とし
て、光学的に負の一軸性を有する高分子の延伸フィルム
を用いることによって、表示の色付きをなくすとともに
、視角を広くするという効果を有する。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, by using a stretched polymer film having optically negative uniaxiality as the optically anisotropic body, coloring of the display can be eliminated, and This has the effect of widening the viewing angle.
第1図は、本発明の液晶電気光学素子の断面図である。
第2図は、本発明の液晶電気光学素子の各軸の関係を示
す図である。
第3図は、従来の液晶電気光学素子の断面図である。
第4図は、従来の液晶電気光学素子の各軸の関係を示す
図である。
1、上側偏光板
2、液晶セル
3、光学的異方体(N 3e< N 2o −N 1o
)4、下側偏光板
5、光学的異方体(N 3e> N 2o 〜N 1o
)6、上基板
7、下基板
8、透明電極
9、ホモジニアス配向した液晶
11、上側偏光板1の偏光軸(吸収軸)の方向12、液
晶セルの上基板6のラビング方向13、液晶セルの下基
板7のラビング方向14、−軸延伸フィルムの延伸方向
15、下側偏光板4の偏光軸(吸収軸)の方向21、上
側偏光板の偏光軸の方向11が、液晶セルの上基板のラ
ビング方向12となす角度。
22、液晶セルの下基板のラビング方向13と一軸延伸
フィルムの延伸方向14とのなす角度。
23、下側偏光板の偏光軸の方向15が一軸延伸フィル
ムの延伸方向14となす角度。
以上
出願人 セイコーエプソン株式会社
代理人 弁理士 鈴木喜三部(化1名)上
第2図
第3図FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal electro-optical element of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the respective axes of the liquid crystal electro-optical element of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal electro-optical element. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the axes of a conventional liquid crystal electro-optical element. 1, upper polarizing plate 2, liquid crystal cell 3, optically anisotropic body (N 3e < N 2o −N 1o
) 4, lower polarizing plate 5, optically anisotropic body (N 3e > N 2o ~ N 1o
) 6, upper substrate 7, lower substrate 8, transparent electrode 9, homogeneously aligned liquid crystal 11, direction 12 of the polarization axis (absorption axis) of the upper polarizing plate 1, rubbing direction 13 of the upper substrate 6 of the liquid crystal cell, The rubbing direction 14 of the lower substrate 7, the stretching direction 15 of the -axis stretched film, the direction 21 of the polarizing axis (absorption axis) of the lower polarizing plate 4, and the direction 11 of the polarizing axis of the upper polarizing plate are the same as those of the upper substrate of the liquid crystal cell. Angle formed with rubbing direction 12. 22. An angle between the rubbing direction 13 of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell and the stretching direction 14 of the uniaxially stretched film. 23. An angle between the direction 15 of the polarization axis of the lower polarizing plate and the stretching direction 14 of the uniaxially stretched film. Applicant Seiko Epson Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Kizobe Suzuki (1 person) Figure 2 Figure 3
Claims (2)
した液晶を挟持してなる液晶セルと、前記液晶以外に少
なくとも一層の光学的異方体と、それらを挟んで両側に
配置された一対の偏光板とを備えた液晶電気光学素子に
おいて、前記光学的異方体が有する3つの主要な屈折率
N1o、N2o、N3eの内、ある1つの屈折率N3e
が他の2つの屈折率Nio、N2oよりも小さく、かつ
その屈折率N3eに対応する軸が、前記液晶セルの基板
表面に対してほぼ水平な方向にあることを特徴とする液
晶電気光学素子。(1) A liquid crystal cell comprising a substantially homogeneously oriented liquid crystal sandwiched between two opposing electrode substrates, at least one layer of optically anisotropic material other than the liquid crystal, and a pair disposed on both sides with the two electrode substrates sandwiched therebetween. In the liquid crystal electro-optical element comprising a polarizing plate, one of the three main refractive indices N1o, N2o, and N3e of the optically anisotropic body has a certain refractive index N3e.
is smaller than the other two refractive indexes Nio and N2o, and the axis corresponding to the refractive index N3e is in a direction substantially horizontal to the substrate surface of the liquid crystal cell.
子のプレチルト方向が、液晶層の中心面に対して互いに
面対称であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶電気
光学素子。(2) The liquid crystal electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the pretilt directions of liquid crystal molecules on the surfaces of the two opposing substrates of the liquid crystal cell are plane symmetrical to each other with respect to the central plane of the liquid crystal layer.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1128110A JPH02306217A (en) | 1989-05-22 | 1989-05-22 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1128110A JPH02306217A (en) | 1989-05-22 | 1989-05-22 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH02306217A true JPH02306217A (en) | 1990-12-19 |
Family
ID=14976634
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1128110A Pending JPH02306217A (en) | 1989-05-22 | 1989-05-22 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH02306217A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992022001A1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1992-12-10 | Cambridge Research & Instrumentation, Inc. | Optical retarder |
JPH08313909A (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1996-11-29 | Fujitsu Ltd | Liquid crystal display panel |
US5627665A (en) * | 1993-07-15 | 1997-05-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and method for producing the same |
US5668651A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1997-09-16 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Polymer-wall LCD having liquid crystal molecules having a plane-symmetrical bend orientation |
US6081311A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 2000-06-27 | Nec Corporation | Liquid crystal display apparatus having high wide visual angle and high contrast |
-
1989
- 1989-05-22 JP JP1128110A patent/JPH02306217A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992022001A1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1992-12-10 | Cambridge Research & Instrumentation, Inc. | Optical retarder |
US5706109A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1998-01-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display with polymeric support |
USRE38288E1 (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 2003-10-28 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display with polymeric support |
US5627665A (en) * | 1993-07-15 | 1997-05-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and method for producing the same |
US5668651A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1997-09-16 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Polymer-wall LCD having liquid crystal molecules having a plane-symmetrical bend orientation |
JPH08313909A (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1996-11-29 | Fujitsu Ltd | Liquid crystal display panel |
US6081311A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 2000-06-27 | Nec Corporation | Liquid crystal display apparatus having high wide visual angle and high contrast |
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