JPH0229893Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a sunken bed for culturing kelp.

Originally, brown algae such as kelp and hondawara are brown seaweeds that are designed to capture the maximum amount of sunlight around 450nm, which means that blue light around 450nm is the most abundant in seawater. It is brown in color because it contains a lot of fucoxanthin, which is convenient for photosynthetic activity because it penetrates deep into the body. The life of this group of plants is based on germination from cells called migratory cells. Migratory cells have two flagella, one whip-shaped and the other feather-shaped. These migratory cells form pleated sporophylls at the base of the sporophyte, and zoospores are released from minute zoosporangia that grow densely on both sides of each pleat. The zoospores swim for a while and then attach to the substrate on the ocean floor.
The attached zoospores then germinate and become male or female coccyges. Sperm released from the male body attaches to the egg formed by the female and begins to divide, eventually attaching rhizoids to the substrate and growing into a large sporophyte. The growth of this sporophyte is kelp etc. The zoospores float in this way, and after living a fertile life on the substrate, they put down rhizoids on the substrate and grow into spores, so they either attach to the reefs of the submersible body or attach to the rocks of the substrate. It does not grow in sandy areas between rocky reefs. This is because the sand from the low tide level to a depth of around 100 meters, called the gradation zone, is constantly moved by waves.

Originally, offshore waves generally exhibit a regular sinusoidal waveform, and it is known that the peaks of the waves collapse when they reach a certain depth near the shore. This is called the breaking wave zone. The water moving closer to the shore than near this breaking wave zone is similar to a current, and in the case of sandy ground, it is always cloudy due to suspended sand. In this way, it is easy to understand that the movement of sand on the ocean floor is caused by the movement of seawater directly above. For example, according to calculations by Messrs. Horikawa and Sasaki, it has been reported that sand with a thickness of 0.5 mm will move completely even at a depth of 100 m. In this way, even if the zoospores want to land, if the entire floor moves,
This means that it cannot land. In this way, brown algae grow on rocks, and spatially and temporally varying light and temperature are important factors for their growth and reproduction, but even slight turbidity has a significant impact, and in recent years Due to seawater pollution, sunlight is no longer able to penetrate deep into the ocean, so the breeding range is gradually becoming shallower.
It is said that the deep areas are drying up. Naturally, the reproductive zones of abalone, which feed primarily on the young shoots of brown algae such as kelp, are also becoming narrower, so even if N, P, etc. increase in the seawater, they will be able to absorb this through photosynthetic activity. A decrease in oxygen-producing algae will also cause serious damage to other living organisms.

This idea was devised in view of the above, and was intended to provide a sunken bed for the production of brown algae, kelp, etc., on this barren sandy ground.

The submerged bed for culturing kelp of this invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings and examples below.Firstly, the material is made of raw synthetic fibers and is mechanically entangled.
It is a water-permeable felt-like mat with a thickness of 15 mm or more, and is constructed in the form of a square with a side of about 10 m, for example.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a net-like body such as a plastic net having a shielding plate portion 3 having a surface smoothness approximately equal to that of a natural reef, and is constructed in the same square shape as the mat 1.

In the case of the above-mentioned net-like body 2, the shielding plate portion 3 may have a lattice frame shape as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. ) may have any suitable configuration, such as a configuration with parallel crossbars. Further, the shielding plate portion 3 may be integrally formed with the net portion 2a as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, or may be formed on the upper surface of the net portion 2a as shown in FIGS.
It is also possible to attach a shielding plate portion 3 made of a separately manufactured plastic plate to close the mesh. In this invention, the above-mentioned mesh material 2 such as plastic is polymerized on one side (in the case of Figures 2 and 4 of the drawings) or both sides (in the case of Figures 1 and 3 of the drawings) of the felt-like mat 1, such as a staple nail. It is installed and integrated by. The net-like body 2 is made of a water-permeable material whose specific gravity is 1.1 or more by mixing carbon or iron powder into the plastic itself to increase its specific gravity, and then polymerizing and integrating it onto the surface of the net-like body 2. It is also possible to construct a sunken mat body with a certain surface rigidity.

The sunken bed of this invention has the above configuration, and this sunken bed A
As shown in Figure 5 of the drawing, this is sunk on the sandy ground 4 on the seabed by attaching a load, etc., and a fish reef block 5 etc. is placed on top of this to prevent it from floating, creating an artificial seabed kelp. Form a field. Then, the migratory cells of the kelp are seeded onto this. Then, the wing-shaped flagella of these migrating cells attach to the surface of the eye-closing plate part 3 of the reticular body 2 on the upper surface of the above-mentioned bed A, germinate, grow, and grow into sporophytes, which eventually grow into the grown kelp. be. It is preferable that the mesh 2 such as plastic net has an average mesh opening with a blocking rate of 50 to 80%, high bending rigidity, and a mesh opening of the net portion 2a of 4 to 20 mm.

This devised sunken bed was constructed as described above, so
The sand on the seabed is constantly suspended and fluid, making it turbid, and even if the zoospores want to land, the entire floor is moving and they cannot land on the sandy ground4. Since it can be formed artificially, brown algae such as kelp, which could only grow on rocky reefs, can be artificially cultivated, and the range of reproduction can be widened and the production of kelp can be significantly increased. It also has a significant effect on the growth of other organisms such as abalone, which feed on the young shoots of the abalone.

In addition, especially in this sunken bed, the surface of the shielding plate part 3 of the net-like body 2 on the surface of the felt-like pine 1 is formed with a surface smoothness that is almost the same as the surface roughness of a natural reef, so the zoospores of the brown algae migratory cells Because kelp is easy to adhere to and stick to, and a flat kelp field can be formed on flat sandy ground 4, it is much easier to collect kelp than on conventional rock reefs, and it is easy to collect kelp using a seabed harvester. It has excellent effects such as ease of development and the ability to contribute to a great deal of streamlining of subsequent work processes. Furthermore, since this sunken bed is a water-permeable pine body made by polymerizing and integrating the net-like material 2 on the surface of the felt-like pine 1, pressure water can flow under the sunken bed due to the invasion of waves, as in the case of an impermeable material. The piping principle moves the sand and does not cause any damage such as blowing up sand. In particular, the zoospores of brown algae migratory cells attach to the surface of the shielding plate 3 of the mesh 2 on the upper surface of the sink and germinate and grow, so they are not affected by the seawater that permeates through the felt pine 1 and are active. It has a great effect of promoting healthy growth.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show examples of this invented sunken bed; Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views of other examples, Figures 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views of the same, and Figure 5 is a perspective view of the device in use. . 1... Pine, 2... Net-like body, 2a... Net part, 3... Shield plate part, 4... Sand ground, 5... Reef block, A... Sunken bed.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A net-like body 2 such as a plastic net having a shielding plate part 3 with a surface smoothness approximately equal to the surface roughness of a natural reef on one or both sides of a felt-like mat 1 made of raw synthetic fibers mechanically intertwined. This is a sunken bed for cultivating kelp that is polymerized.