JPH02293718A - Liquid crystal electrooptical element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal electrooptical elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02293718A JPH02293718A JP11461089A JP11461089A JPH02293718A JP H02293718 A JPH02293718 A JP H02293718A JP 11461089 A JP11461089 A JP 11461089A JP 11461089 A JP11461089 A JP 11461089A JP H02293718 A JPH02293718 A JP H02293718A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- coupling agent
- group
- orientation
- optical element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVYVMJLSUSGYMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical group CNCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC DVYVMJLSUSGYMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明は強誘電性液晶を用いる電気光学素子に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to an electro-optical element using ferroelectric liquid crystal.
[従来の技術1
近年、情報処理のコンピュータ化が進み、それに伴いコ
ンピュータの小型化が強く望まれるようになった。特に
マンマシンインターフェイスとしてゆるぎない地位を占
めていたCRTディスプレイは重く大きい為、軽く薄い
液晶ディスプレイや、プラズマディスプレイに置き換え
られようとしている。液晶ディスプレイとしては、ツイ
ストネマチック型のものが一般に使用されている。しか
し、高精細のディスプレイとしては、応答の遅いネマチ
ック液晶よりも高速でメモリー性を有する強誘電性液晶
が研究されている。 (例えばClark ら、Ap
pl. Phys. Lett.,36,899 (1
980))従来の強誘電性液晶を用いた電気光学素子の
配向制御方法は、基板表面にポリイミド等の有機高分子
層を設けラビング処理を行なう方法、SiOを斜め方向
から蒸着する方法、磁場配向法、直流電界を印加しなが
ら徐冷する方法等がある。[Background Art 1] In recent years, computerization of information processing has progressed, and as a result, there has been a strong desire for computers to be made smaller. In particular, CRT displays, which have held a strong position as man-machine interfaces, are heavy and large, so they are being replaced by lighter and thinner liquid crystal displays and plasma displays. Twisted nematic type liquid crystal displays are generally used. However, as a high-definition display, ferroelectric liquid crystals, which have faster response times and memory properties than nematic liquid crystals, which have a slower response, are being researched. (e.g. Clark et al., Ap
pl. Phys. Lett. ,36,899 (1
980)) Conventional methods for controlling the orientation of electro-optical elements using ferroelectric liquid crystals include a method in which an organic polymer layer such as polyimide is provided on the substrate surface and a rubbing treatment, a method in which SiO is evaporated from an oblique direction, and a method in which magnetic field alignment is used. There are methods such as slow cooling while applying a direct current electric field, etc.
[発明が解決しようとする課題1
強誘電性液晶の電界による応答特性、特に記憶効果は、
液晶分子と基板表面の化学的、あるいは物理化学的相互
作用に大きく影響されると考えられる。カイラルスメク
ティックC相(以下、SmC木相と略記する)のスイッ
チング原理によれば、良好な記憶効果を得るためには液
晶分子は基板表面に平行かつ一方向に揃っている事が望
ましい。[Problem to be solved by the invention 1: The response characteristics of ferroelectric liquid crystals due to electric fields, especially the memory effect,
It is thought that this is largely influenced by chemical or physicochemical interactions between liquid crystal molecules and the substrate surface. According to the switching principle of chiral smectic C phase (hereinafter abbreviated as SmC wood phase), in order to obtain a good memory effect, it is desirable that liquid crystal molecules be aligned parallel to the substrate surface and in one direction.
しかしながら従来の高分子膜表面にラビング処理を施す
等の配向制御方法を用いると、SmC*相における分子
配向はツイスト状態すなわち液晶分子ダイレクタが片側
の基板表面から対向基板表面において円錐の側面上を回
転しており、自発分極が上下両界面で内側或は外側を向
いた状態を呈しやすく、従って良好な記憶効果を得るの
は困難であった。However, when conventional alignment control methods such as rubbing the surface of a polymer film are used, the molecular alignment in the SmC* phase is in a twisted state, that is, the liquid crystal molecular director rotates on the side surface of a cone from one substrate surface to the opposite substrate surface. Therefore, the spontaneous polarization tends to point inward or outward at both the upper and lower interfaces, and it is therefore difficult to obtain a good memory effect.
また、上記配向方法で作成した液晶電気光学素子は”F
erroelectrics 1984, Vol.5
9, pp69−116”に示されている様にいわゆる
ジグザグ欠陥が発生しやすい。素子中にこの欠陥が発生
すると、光漏れによる大幅なコントラスト比の低下が起
こる。In addition, the liquid crystal electro-optical device produced by the above alignment method is “F”
erroelectrics 1984, Vol. 5
9, pp. 69-116'', so-called zigzag defects are likely to occur. When this defect occurs in the device, a significant drop in contrast ratio occurs due to light leakage.
本発明は、基板表面の改質と電界処理による配向制御に
よって上記問題点を解決するもので、その目的とすると
ころは、双安定なユニフォーム配向によって良好な記憶
効果を持ち、配向欠陥によるコントラスト低下の少ない
優れた液晶電気光学素子を提供する事である。The present invention solves the above problems by modifying the substrate surface and controlling the orientation by electric field treatment.The purpose of the present invention is to have a good memory effect due to bistable uniform orientation, and to reduce contrast due to orientation defects. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent liquid crystal electro-optical element with less.
リング剤にラピング法によってなされている事を特徴と
する。It is characterized by being made by a wrapping method on a ring agent.
(3)上記カップリング剤が、アミノ基、メチルアミノ
基、エポキシ基、メルカプト基の少なくとも一つを官能
基として有するカップリング剤、叉はそれらの混合物で
ある事を特徴とする。(3) The coupling agent is characterized in that it is a coupling agent having at least one of an amino group, a methylamino group, an epoxy group, and a mercapto group as a functional group, or a mixture thereof.
(4)上記強誘電性液晶が、一般式
Rl4−o−R21)
R3−o−OCO−o−R4*2)
[課題を解決するための手段1
本発明の液晶電気光学素子は、上記課題を解決するため
に、
(1)透明電極を有する一対の基板間に強誘電性液晶を
挟持して成る液晶電気光学素子において、少なくとも一
方の基板に配向処理が施され、該強誘電性液晶は封入後
、電界を印加されて配向状態が規制されている事を特徴
とする。(4) The ferroelectric liquid crystal has the general formula Rl4-o-R21) R3-o-OCO-o-R4*2) [Means for Solving the Problems 1] The liquid crystal electro-optical element of the present invention satisfies the above problems. In order to solve the problem, (1) In a liquid crystal electro-optical element consisting of a ferroelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates having transparent electrodes, at least one substrate is subjected to alignment treatment, and the ferroelectric liquid crystal is After being encapsulated, an electric field is applied to regulate the orientation state.
(2)配向処理は、基板上に塗布されたカップで表わさ
れる各群1)、2)及び3)の化合物を各々少なくとも
一成分含有する組成物である事を特徴とする。(2) The alignment treatment is characterized by using a composition containing at least one component of each of the compounds of each group 1), 2) and 3) represented by a cup applied on the substrate.
1実施例 1)
第1図は本発明実施例に於ける電気光学素子の主要断面
図である。ITO透明電極及びSiO2絶縁層を設けた
ガラス基板上にシランカップリング剤の膜を形成し、そ
の表面にラビング処理を施した。ここで用いたシランカ
ップリング剤としては、アミノ基を有する化合物である
ところの、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン
(C2H50)3SiC3H6NH2
である。上記化合物の0.2重量%エタノール溶液を基
板上にスピンコートし、80゜Cで約60分焼成した。1 Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a main sectional view of an electro-optical element in an embodiment of the present invention. A film of a silane coupling agent was formed on a glass substrate provided with an ITO transparent electrode and an SiO2 insulating layer, and the surface thereof was subjected to a rubbing treatment. The silane coupling agent used here is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (C2H50)3SiC3H6NH2, which is a compound having an amino group. A 0.2% by weight ethanol solution of the above compound was spin-coated onto the substrate and baked at 80°C for about 60 minutes.
このようにして得られた基板を、上下でラビング方向が
180゜となるように組み立てた。セル厚は約2μmと
した。第1図においては上下両基板上に絶縁層を設けて
あるが、これはどちらか一方のみでも良い。また、ラビ
ング処理についても片側基板のみ施してもよい。The thus obtained substrates were assembled so that the rubbing direction was 180° at the top and bottom. The cell thickness was approximately 2 μm. Although insulating layers are provided on both the upper and lower substrates in FIG. 1, they may be provided on only one of them. Furthermore, the rubbing treatment may be performed only on one side of the substrate.
第1表は本発明実施例に用いた液晶化合物の具体例であ
る。化合物1)の例を1〜5に、化合物2)の例を6に
、化合物3)の例を7に示す。次にこれら1)〜3)の
化合物を混合した液晶組成物の例を第2表に示す。Table 1 shows specific examples of liquid crystal compounds used in Examples of the present invention. Examples of compound 1) are shown in 1 to 5, examples of compound 2) are shown in 6, and examples of compound 3) are shown in 7. Next, Table 2 shows examples of liquid crystal compositions in which these compounds 1) to 3) are mixed.
上記基板間に第2表の強誘電性液晶組成物を加熱封入し
、室温まで徐冷した。この液晶の相系列は以下の通りで
ある。The ferroelectric liquid crystal composition shown in Table 2 was heat-sealed between the substrates and slowly cooled to room temperature. The phase series of this liquid crystal is as follows.
I (59)N木(54)S m A (46)S m
C * (<0)KO内転移温度/’C
次に、この素子の電極間に±25v、1 5Hzの交番
波形を約10秒間印加したところ、液晶の配向状態は、
層方向にほぼ垂直な方向に緻密な筋状組織を伴ったユニ
フォーム状態を呈した。この電界処理により、封入冷却
時に形成されたジグザグ欠陥は除去された。以上の方法
で得られた液晶電気光学素子を偏光軸の互いに直交する
偏光板間に挟持し、第2図(a)に示す駆動波形を印加
して、その際の同図(b)に示される光学応答を評価し
た。記憶効果の良否は電界印加時の透過光量(第2図(
b)の■+) と電界除去後の透過光量(第2図(b
)のI2) の比I2/工1が大きい程良好であると
考えられる。本実施例では25゜Cに於てI2/I+=
0.93、コントラスト比1:36と良好であった。I (59) N tree (54) S m A (46) S m
C * (<0) KO transition temperature/'C Next, when an alternating waveform of ±25 V and 15 Hz was applied between the electrodes of this device for about 10 seconds, the alignment state of the liquid crystal was as follows.
It exhibited a uniform state with dense striations in a direction almost perpendicular to the layer direction. By this electric field treatment, zigzag defects formed during cooling of the encapsulation were removed. The liquid crystal electro-optical element obtained by the above method was sandwiched between polarizing plates whose polarization axes were orthogonal to each other, and the driving waveform shown in FIG. 2(a) was applied to the device as shown in FIG. The optical response was evaluated. The quality of the memory effect is determined by the amount of transmitted light when an electric field is applied (Figure 2 (
■+) in b) and the amount of transmitted light after removing the electric field (Fig. 2(b)
) I2) It is considered that the larger the ratio I2/work1, the better. In this example, at 25°C, I2/I+=
0.93, and the contrast ratio was good, 1:36.
[実施例21
第1図と同様な構成の素子を用いて、ITO透明電極及
びSiO2絶縁層を設けたガラス基板上にシランカップ
リング剤の膜を形成し、その表面にラビング処理を施し
た。ここで用いたシランカップリング剤としては、メチ
ルアミノ基を有する化合物であるところの、N−メチル
−3アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン
(CH30)3SiC3H6NHCH3である。上記化
合物の0.2重量%エタノール溶液を基板上にスピンコ
ートし、100゜Cで約60分焼成した。このようにし
て得られた基板を、上下でラビング方向が180°とな
るように組み立てた。セル厚は約1.8μmとした。[Example 21] Using an element having the same configuration as in FIG. 1, a film of a silane coupling agent was formed on a glass substrate provided with an ITO transparent electrode and a SiO2 insulating layer, and the surface thereof was subjected to a rubbing treatment. The silane coupling agent used here is N-methyl-3aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (CH30)3SiC3H6NHCH3, which is a compound having a methylamino group. A 0.2% by weight ethanol solution of the above compound was spin-coated onto the substrate and baked at 100°C for about 60 minutes. The thus obtained substrates were assembled so that the rubbing direction was 180° at the top and bottom. The cell thickness was approximately 1.8 μm.
上記基板間に第2表の強誘電性液晶組成物を加熱封入し
、室温まで徐冷した。次に、この素子の電極間に±25
v、1 5Hzの交番波形を約15秒間印加したところ
、液晶の配向状態は、層方向にほぼ垂直な方向に緻密な
筋状組織を伴ったユニフォーム状態を呈した。この電界
処理により、封大冷却時に形成されたジグザグ欠陥は除
去された。The ferroelectric liquid crystal composition shown in Table 2 was heat-sealed between the substrates and slowly cooled to room temperature. Next, between the electrodes of this element ±25
When an alternating waveform of 15 Hz was applied for about 15 seconds, the alignment state of the liquid crystal exhibited a uniform state with a dense striated structure in a direction substantially perpendicular to the layer direction. This electric field treatment removed the zigzag defects formed during cooling.
以上の方法で得られた液晶電気光学素子を偏光軸の互い
に直交する偏光板間に挟持し、第2図(a)に示す駆動
波形を印加して、その際の同図(b)に示される光学応
答を評価した。本実施例では25°Cに於てI2/工+
=0.96、コントラスト比1: 45と良好であった
。The liquid crystal electro-optical element obtained by the above method was sandwiched between polarizing plates whose polarization axes were orthogonal to each other, and the driving waveform shown in FIG. 2(a) was applied to the device as shown in FIG. The optical response was evaluated. In this example, I2/min+ at 25°C
= 0.96, and the contrast ratio was good, 1:45.
[発明の効果]
本発明は上記の構成によって、基板表面の改質と電界処
理による配向制御を用い、上記従来技術の欠点を解決し
、双安定なユニフォーム配向によって良好な記憶効果を
持ち、配向欠陥によるコントラスト低下の少ない優れた
液晶電気光学素子を提供する事ができた。[Effects of the Invention] With the above configuration, the present invention uses modification of the substrate surface and orientation control through electric field treatment, solves the drawbacks of the prior art described above, has a good memory effect due to bistable uniform orientation, and improves orientation. We were able to provide an excellent liquid crystal electro-optical element with little contrast reduction due to defects.
第1図は本発明実施例の液晶電気光学素子の断面図であ
る。
第2図は本発明の液晶電気光学素子を評価する際に用い
た駆動波形と、
を示す図である。
1.2’,..
4,5...
7,8...
9,10..,
11, 12. .
21 ...
22...
上下ガラス基板
スペーサ
透明電極
液晶層
絶縁層
配向膜
偏光板
駆動波形
光学応答
対応する光学応答の一例
以上
出願人 セイコーエプソン株式会社
代理人 弁理士 鈴木喜三郎(他1名)第2図
■FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal electro-optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing driving waveforms used in evaluating the liquid crystal electro-optical device of the present invention. 1.2',. .. 4,5. .. .. 7,8. .. .. 9,10. .. , 11, 12. .. 21. .. .. 22. .. .. Upper and lower glass substrates Spacer Transparent electrode Liquid crystal layer Insulating layer Alignment film Polarizing plate Drive waveform Optical response More than one example of corresponding optical response Applicant Seiko Epson Corporation Agent Patent attorney Kisaburo Suzuki (and one other person) Figure 2 ■
Claims (4)
挟持して成る液晶電気光学素子において、少なくとも一
方の基板に配向処理が施され、該強誘電性液晶は封入後
、電界を印加されて配向状態が規制されている事を特徴
とする液晶電気光学素子。(1) In a liquid crystal electro-optical element consisting of a ferroelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates having transparent electrodes, at least one substrate is subjected to alignment treatment, and after the ferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed, an electric field is applied. A liquid crystal electro-optical element characterized in that the alignment state is regulated by
にラビング法によってなされている事を特徴とする請求
項1記載の液晶電気光学素子。(2) The liquid crystal electro-optical element according to claim 1, wherein the alignment treatment is performed by a rubbing method on a coupling agent applied on the substrate.
基、エポキシ基、メルカプト基の少なくとも一つを官能
基として有するカップリング剤、叉はそれらの混合物で
ある請求項2記載の液晶電気光学素子。(3) The liquid crystal electro-optical element according to claim 2, wherein the coupling agent is a coupling agent having at least one of an amino group, a methylamino group, an epoxy group, and a mercapto group as a functional group, or a mixture thereof. .
なくとも一成分含有する組成物である事を特徴とする請
求項1記載の液晶電気光学素子。 但し、R_1、R_3、R_5及びR_6は炭素数2〜
20のアルキル基。 R_2は炭素数2〜20のアルコキシ基。 R_4^*は▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ または▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ で表わされ、mは0〜8、nは1〜15の整数。 X、Yは各々CH_3若しくはClであるとする。(4) The above ferroelectric liquid crystal is expressed by the general formula ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼1) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼2) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼3) 2. The liquid crystal electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the composition contains at least one component of each of the compounds of groups 1), 2) and 3). However, R_1, R_3, R_5 and R_6 have 2 to 2 carbon atoms.
20 alkyl groups. R_2 is an alkoxy group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. R_4^* is represented by ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ or ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼, where m is an integer from 0 to 8 and n is an integer from 1 to 15. Assume that X and Y are each CH_3 or Cl.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11461089A JPH02293718A (en) | 1989-05-08 | 1989-05-08 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11461089A JPH02293718A (en) | 1989-05-08 | 1989-05-08 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH02293718A true JPH02293718A (en) | 1990-12-04 |
Family
ID=14642168
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11461089A Pending JPH02293718A (en) | 1989-05-08 | 1989-05-08 | Liquid crystal electrooptical element |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH02293718A (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-05-08 JP JP11461089A patent/JPH02293718A/en active Pending
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