JPH02276641A - Letterpress and forming method, material and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a letterpress having faithful profile to a plate image at low cost and high speed without requiring a mold by passing letterpress forming material having fluidity from one face of an original stencil paper to the other face thereof then hardening the material. CONSTITUTION:An original stencil paper is a screen master 1 where a heat- sensitive film 2 and a porous mesh screen 3 are stuck to each other, and an image is perforated through a thermal head. Then the master 1 is mounted on a base frame 5 with the heat-sensitive film 2 directing downward and a fixing frame 6 is fitted to the base frame 5, thereafter the master 1 is held between the frames 5, 6 and pulled downward. Then letterpress forming material 7 is mounted at the screen 3 side of the stretched master 1 and pressure is applied thereon by means of a squeezee 8 thus extruding the material 7 to the film 2 side. When the forming material 7 is hardened naturally or through heating, a letterpress 9 having desired profile can be formed easily with low cost. The forming material 7 includes resin material, such as silicon rubber, having thixotropy.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a relief printing method using stencil paper, a relief printing plate produced by this method, a relief printing material for forming the relief printing, and a relief printing apparatus.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, when forming a letterpress with letters, pictures, etc., for example, a concave mold was manufactured, molten metal, resin, etc. was poured into the concave mold, and the material was taken out after solidifying. Alternatively, reliefs were sometimes carved directly from the material.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The conventional method described above has the problem of requiring a lot of time and cost, and there has been a need for a simpler method for forming a letterpress.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The image forming method according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that a letterpress forming material having fluidity is passed from one side of a stencil sheet to the other side under at least predetermined conditions. It is characterized in that a relief plate having a shape corresponding to the stencil image of the stencil paper is formed by curing the relief plate-forming material that has been passed through the stencil sheet.

The image forming method of claim 2 further includes the steps of: twisting together the stencil paper made on one side of the mesh sheet; , a step of passing a relief forming material having fluidity under at least predetermined conditions, a step of removing the stencil paper after passing this relief forming material through it, and leaving the relief forming material on the mesh sheet; 3. The image forming method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of curing the relief forming material left behind in the image forming method.
The method according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that more than one relief forming material is used.

In the relief plate according to claim 4, a relief forming material having fluidity is passed from one side of the stencil paper to the other side under at least predetermined conditions, and this is made to correspond to the stencil image of the stencil paper. The letterpress forming material according to claim 5, which is formed by curing after being formed into a shape, maintains fluidity under at least predetermined conditions when passing from one side of the stencil paper to the other side. The letterpress forming apparatus according to claim 6 is characterized in that it is capable of forming a letterpress having a shape corresponding to the stencil image of the stencil paper, and is capable of forming a relief plate having a shape corresponding to the stencil image of the stencil paper. A letterpress forming device that holds a stencil paper or a mesh sheet in a hollow state, and the tension applied to the stencil paper or mesh sheet is applied from one side of the stencil paper or mesh sheet to the other side.
It is characterized in that it has a tension that can withstand the pressure necessary to pass a relief forming material that has fluidity under at least predetermined conditions.

[For production]

A stencil sheet that has been made into a stencil, on which a stencil image has been formed by a large number of holes, is stretched with a predetermined tension on a tensioning mechanism provided in a relief printing device.

Next, a relief-forming material is placed on one side of the stencil, and pressure is applied to the relief-forming material to push it out onto the other side of the stencil.

The relief forming material passes through the holes in the stencil paper and is extruded to a desired amount while being held in a shape corresponding to the stencil image.

Then, the passed relief plate forming material is transformed to form a relief plate having a shape corresponding to the stencil image of the stencil paper.

When forming a letterpress on a mesh sheet, first, a stencil sheet that has already been stenciled is placed on one side of the mesh sheet.

Next, a relief-forming material is placed on the stencil paper, and the relief-forming material is extruded onto the other side of the mesh sheet through the stencil paper.

The letterpress forming material passes through the holes in the stencil paper and the mesh sheet, and is extruded to a desired amount while being held in a shape corresponding to the stencil image.

Then, the stencil paper is removed to leave the relief forming material on the mesh sheet, and the relief forming material left on the mesh sheet is cured to form a relief plate having a shape corresponding to the stencil image of the stencil paper.

In the two methods described above, two or more types of relief forming materials having different materials may be used.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.

The stencil paper used in this example is a screen master 1 (hereinafter referred to as master 1), which is made by laminating a heat-sensitive film 2 and a mesh-like porous screen 3, as shown in FIG. 5(a). ). To print an image on master 1, you can directly perforate it using a thermal head, or you can stack the thermal film 2 side of master 1 and the image side of the original in close contact and irradiate it with light from the screen 3 side. A perforated image matching the image of the original document may be formed on the thermal film 2. Here, the plate making was performed using ``Print Gocco'' (registered trademark of Riso Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.).

Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the master 1 that has already been made into a plate is stretched on a letterpress forming apparatus 4 equipped with a master 1 stretching mechanism. This housing N4 is composed of a rectangular base frame 5 that is smaller in circumference than the master 1, and a rectangular mounting frame 6 that fits around the outer periphery of the base frame 5. To install the master 1, place the master 1, which has already been made into a plate, on the upper end surface of the base frame 5 with the thermal film 2 facing down, and to attach the master 1, fit the frame 6 to the outside of the base frame 5 and place the outer periphery of the master 1 on both frames 5. .6 and pull it downward to apply a uniform and appropriate amount of tension to the image surface of the master 1 and stretch it horizontally. As will be described later, the greater the tension of the master 1, the higher the fidelity of the formed relief.

Further, from the viewpoint of operability, etc., it is desirable that the master 1 be installed horizontally.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a letterpress forming material 7 such as a resin material is placed on the screen 3 side of the stretched master 1.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5(a), the squeegee 8 is squeezed an appropriate number of times to apply pressure to the letterpress forming material 7 and extrude it toward the thermoplastic synthetic resin film 2. The extruded letterpress forming material 7 is sequentially extruded vertically downward perpendicular to the master 1 while maintaining the shape corresponding to the stencil image. Then, the extruded relief forming material 7
The extruded image forming material 7 is subjected to a post-processing process such as heating or leaving it to naturally harden so that it completely retains a predetermined shape and remains rigid. As a result, the prepress image of master 1,
That is, a relief plate 9 having a predetermined shape that faithfully corresponds to the original image is formed.

Note that hardening here does not mean that elasticity is lost, but rather that plastic deformation no longer occurs even if elastic deformation occurs due to external force.

Here, the relief forming material 7 that can be used in this example needs to have enough fluidity to pass through the holes in the master 1. Next, it is necessary to be able to stably maintain a predetermined shape after being extruded from the hole. Examples of materials that satisfy these conditions include resinous materials such as silicone rubber, which have so-called thixotropic properties and exhibit fluidity only when force is applied. The letterpress made of moisture-curing silicone rubber absorbs moisture in the air and hardens after being exposed to the air for a relatively short period of time, becoming completely stable and faithfully reproducing the image of Master 1. This results in a letterpress 9 with elasticity. In addition, when moisture-curing type silicone resin or modified silicone resin is used as the letterpress forming material used in this example, in order to accelerate curing after extrusion, it may be soaked in hot water or exposed to steam. Good too.

When viewed microscopically under a microscope, this letterpress is shown in Figure 5 (b), (
As shown in e), it bulges into a gauze eye shape corresponding to the shape of the screen 3, and its surface has a shape in which many convex curved surfaces like a part of a spherical surface are lined up. As a result, when viewed with the naked eye, the letterpress surface looks like velvet and has a soft feel, and stamp ink or the like can be retained in the recesses of the regular irregularities. In addition, after the letterpress forming material has solidified and stabilized, its surface may be polished or polished as necessary.
The surface may be coated with rubber powder or the like.

Further, as the relief forming material 7, various materials can be used as long as they satisfy the predetermined conditions described below. For example, heat-curing resin, photo-curing resin, or UV-curing resin may be used. In order to maintain a predetermined shape corresponding to the plate-making image, post-treatment is required to cure the extruded relief plate-forming material by heating or irradiating it with light or ultraviolet rays.

In addition, in this process, the tip of the squeegee 8 and the master 1
Since it is in almost line contact with the surface of the master 1, a considerably greater pressure can be applied to the relief forming material 7 compared to when the entire surface of the master 1 is pressed from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the master 1. Therefore, even the relief forming material 7 which is difficult to be extruded from the minute holes by simply pressing vertically is easily extruded by the squeegee 8. Furthermore, according to the extrusion by the squeegee 8, the amount of the relief forming material 7 to be extruded, that is, the height of the letterpress 9, is determined even if the amount of the relief forming material 7 accumulated between the tip of the squeegee 8 and the master 1 is above a certain level. Regardless of the amount,
It is almost determined by the number of times the squeegee 8 is operated.

Further, when extruding the relief printing material 7, the master 1 receives a force in a direction of squeezing while sinking to some extent due to the operation of the squeegee 8, and the relief printing material constituting the relief printing may come out diagonally. Therefore, if it is desired to obtain a highly fine relief plate without distortion, it is desirable to tension the master 1 on the forming device 4 with as high a tension as possible.

As mentioned above, it is ideal to apply pressure with the squeegee 8, but it is also possible to use a vacuum, that is, atmospheric pressure, to extrude the letterpress forming material. In this case, pressure is applied to the entire part at once. Because of this, it is suitable for forming relief plates with a small area, and has the advantage of eliminating the hassle of operating a squeegee.

When the relief plate formed as described above is used for printing, it can be wound around a drum to perform rotary printing. Alternatively, this relief plate may be used as a stamp-shaped relief plate by adhering it to a printing stand using the same letterpress forming material. When used as a relief plate for such printing, the letterpress forming material 7
Modified silicone or acrylic rubber, which have good wettability with stamp ink, is suitable as the material.

In the embodiment described above, the relief plate was formed using one type of relief plate forming material, but the material of the relief plate forming material may be changed during the squeegee process.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6, after curing, a first layer is formed using a letterpress forming material 10 (such as modified silicone rubber) having appropriate elasticity and good printability, and then this layer becomes harder after curing. If the second layer is formed using the letterpress forming material 11, the sludge portion will be strong against external forces and will not be easily crushed.

The master 1 used in the above-mentioned examples is a high mesh master for "Print Gocco" (registered trademark of Riso Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and is a laminate of a 200 mesh/inch screen and a vinyl chloride heat-sensitive film. It is said to be composed of Master 1 has great versatility because it can be easily plate-made using a flash bulb, but if PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is used as the heat-sensitive film, the film itself can be made as thin as 2 μm, so when making the plate, With less residue, you can obtain more faithful and beautiful images.

Note that the image forming material may be extruded from either the film side or the screen side, thereby making it possible to easily select between a normal image and a reverse image.

Further, in the above embodiment, the master 1 to be thermally perforated was described as an example of stencil paper, but the stencil paper that becomes the base of the letterpress is not limited to a thermal type, and the holes through which the letterpress forming material passes are formed during plate making. Any material may be used as long as it is a film-like or thin plate-like member.

Next, FIG. 7 shows a master 13 in which a frame member 12 is attached to the film side of a porous support consisting of a heat-sensitive film 2 and a porous screen 3. FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of a tensioning mechanism that applies a predetermined tension to such a master 13. This tensioning mechanism consists of an inner frame 14 and an outer frame 15.
The inner edge of the outer frame 15 has a protruding edge 16 that penetrates into the inner frame 14. Then, the frame material 12 of the master 13 is placed on the inner frame 14, the outer frame 15 is lowered from above, and the frame material 12 is fixed between both frames 14°15, and the edge 16 of the outer frame 15 is The porous support of master 13 is pushed downwards to give it tension. According to this structure, by appropriately setting the dimension (height) of the edge 16, the amount of downward pushing of the master 13 can be arbitrarily determined, so that the tension to be applied to the master 13 can be arbitrarily determined. Can be set. Therefore, in forming the above-mentioned relief plate, it is possible to increase the fidelity to the plate-making image of the relief plate.

FIG. 9 shows the resin material A used in this example as a letterpress forming material before curing using a spread meter.
In other words, it is a graph that measures the hardness required when passing the base paper through. The vertical axis is the diameter (
mm), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds) as a logarithm.

As shown in the figure, various resin materials A1 to A4 are all 10
It can be seen that after seconds have elapsed, the value remains constant.

As the resinous material used in this example, it is particularly desirable to have the characteristics of A1-A4. These resin materials A1 to A
4 is shown in the range of diagonal line A in the graph of Figure 9, and the lines B, C, and D in the figure are measurements taken as a comparative reference for several types of commonly used stencil inks. be.

As shown in this graph, the resin material used as the letterpress forming material in this example is adjusted so that the spread meter value per minute is in the range of 19 to 24. A range is desirable, more preferably a 1 minute value of 20 to 22. It can be seen that these are harder than commonly used stencil inks. If it has this hardness, it will not flow after passing through the master and will be able to maintain its shape with its own viscosity.

Next, FIG. 10(a) shows another embodiment of the relief printing method. In this embodiment, after the master 1 as the stencil paper is superimposed on one side of the mesh sheet 20 (same as the screen 3 described above), the letterpress forming material 7.7a is applied to the mesh sheet 20 through the holes in the master 1. Performing the squeegee process to sequentially extrude to the other surface side,
As shown in the figure, two types of relief forming materials 7.7a are used in this embodiment.

Thereafter, by peeling off the master 1 from the mesh sheet 20, the extruded relief forming material 7.78 is left in a predetermined shape on the mesh sheet 20, as shown in FIG. 10(b).

Then, by subjecting the extruded letterpress forming material 7.7a to a curing process, a letterpress plate 9a having a shape corresponding to the plate-making image is completed.

According to this embodiment, the master I can be used repeatedly as many times as required before the relief forming material is cured.

When the master 1 and the mesh sheet 20 are used in an overlapping manner as described above, moiré may affect the image. In this case, the mesh number of the screen 3 of the master 1 may be different, for example, the mesh sheet 20 may have 180 meshes/inch compared to the 200 meshes/inch of the screen 3, or the direction of the mesh may be tilted by about 10 degrees. By doing so, the above effects can be reduced. The mesh number of the mesh sheet 20 needs to be equal to or lower than the mesh of the master 1. This is because if the mesh sheet 20 has a higher density than the mesh of the master 1, the resistance will be greater and the forming material 7 will accumulate between the master 1 and the mesh sheet 20.

Next, FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the image forming method.

Master of this example! This is a structure in which a thermoplastic synthetic resin film 2 as a plate-making layer in which openings are formed by plate-making and a screen 3 as a support through which an image-forming material passes can be separated from each other. After forming a desired image 9 using moisture-curable silicone as an image forming material, as shown in FIG. 12(a).

After this image 9 has hardened, the film 2 is separated. and,
As shown in FIG. 12(b), by placing a new image forming material 7a on the screen 3 and applying a squeegee process, a new image 9a can be formed on the side of this image 9 except for one image 9 part. can. With this method, if the parts other than image 9 are made of a material with a certain property, for example, image 9 is made of a wood-friendly material, and the parts other than image 9 are filled with a water-repellent material, the stamp ink will adhere to areas other than image 9. This can be prevented. In addition, by using the above method using a hydrophilic material for one side and a lipophilic material for the other side, and using either hydrophilic or lipophilic stamp ink, one of the images 9.98 can be selected and stamped. becomes possible. Incidentally, such usage can be similarly performed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 described above.

To explain in detail the separation of the film 2, the master 1 uses vinyl chloride resin with a thickness of 7 μm as the resin film 2, and the screen 3 has a 200 mesh/
An inch polyester fiber is used, and the film 2 and screen 3 are bonded together with a vinyl acetate resin binder. Therefore, if the image forming material including the master 1 is immersed in hot water immediately after forming the image 9, the image forming material using moisture-curing silicone will be accelerated to harden, and the resin film 2 will be cured by the heat of the hot water. It shrinks and the adhesive binder melts. In this way, the film 2 in the non-image area is separated from the screen 3, leaving a hardened three-dimensional image on the screen 3. The adhesive binder can be easily dissolved in a solvent such as ethanol, but from the viewpoint of safety, the above-mentioned hot water is suitable.

In each of the embodiments described above, the formed image 9 is the master 1
Alternatively, although it is fixed to the mesh sheet 2o, it can also be removed from the master 1 or the mesh sheet 20 and used by pasting it on another object. In that case, if a material with low strength after curing is used as the forming material 7, it can be peeled off as is, but after extruding the forming material 7 with a squeegee, it will not harden under the curing conditions of the forming material 7; By performing the squeegee operation several more times using a slow material, the material after hardening is a grease type non-hardening silicone.

Vaseline, paraffin, glue, etc. can be used, and materials that dissolve in warm water even after hardening, such as vinyl acetate resin, watercolor paint, etc., can also be used (effects of the invention). This has the effect of making it possible to quickly and inexpensively create a letterpress with a shape that is faithful to the image without using a mold.

According to the second aspect, the stencil paper can be used repeatedly, and relief plates having the same shape can be easily formed.

According to claim 3, in the method of claim 1.2, a relief plate can be formed using two or more different materials.

According to claim 4, by using the relief printing material according to claim 5, a relief plate that faithfully corresponds to the stencil image of the stencil paper can be obtained.

According to the relief plate forming apparatus of the sixth aspect, the relief plate can be formed with high precision.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 's3 are process diagrams showing a relief forming apparatus and a relief forming method according to claim 1 of an embodiment corresponding to claim 6 of the present invention, and Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the squeegee process in the same embodiment. 5(a) is an enlarged sectional view of the relief plate in the same example, FIGS. 5(b) and (C) are an enlarged sectional view and an enlarged perspective view showing the surface of the same relief plate, and FIG. 6 is a claim. An enlarged view showing a stack of relief forming materials of different materials as the relief forming method in Section 3, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a master constituting another relief forming apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the hardness of the relief printing material, and FIGS. 10(a) and (b) show the steps of the relief printing method according to claim 2. Enlarged view showing, 1st
FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are enlarged views showing steps of a relief printing method showing another embodiment. 1.13 - Screen master (master) as stencil paper, 4... Letterpress forming device, 7.7a, 10.11 - Letterpress forming material, 9.9a - Letterpress. Patent Applicant Riso Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Agent / Patent Attorney Norihiro Nishimura Tip Rod Diagram (a) Diagram (b) Diagram (c) Diagram Diagram Diagram 10 (a)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A step of passing a relief forming material having fluidity under at least predetermined conditions from one side of the stencil paper to the other side, and curing the passed relief forming material. A relief plate forming method comprising the step of forming a relief plate having a shape corresponding to the stencil image of the stencil paper. 2. The process of overlapping the stencil paper made on one side of the mesh sheet, and flowing the stencil paper overlaid on the mesh sheet toward the other side of the mesh sheet under at least predetermined conditions. a step of removing the stencil paper after passing through the relief-forming material and leaving the relief-forming material on the mesh sheet; and a step of removing the relief-forming material remaining on the mesh sheet. A letterpress forming method characterized by comprising the step of curing. 3. The relief printing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the relief printing material is composed of at least two or more different materials. 4. A letterpress forming material having fluidity is passed from one side of the stencil paper to the other under at least predetermined conditions to form a shape corresponding to the stencil image of the stencil paper, and then hardened. A letterpress that is characterized by 5. It is characterized by having fluidity at least under predetermined conditions so as to form a relief plate having a shape corresponding to the stencil image of the stencil paper by passing it from one side of the stencil paper to the other side. Letterpress forming material. 6. A letterpress forming device that tensions at least one of the stencil paper or mesh sheet that has been made into a stencil with a predetermined tension and holds the stencil paper or the mesh sheet in the air, which is added to the stencil paper or the mesh sheet. The tension must be such that it can withstand the pressure necessary to pass the fluid letterpress forming material from one side of the stencil paper or mesh sheet to the other under at least predetermined conditions. A relief printing device featuring: