JPH02273792A - Musical sound controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable more delicate play representation by an initial touch by monitoring the operation of part of a human body, detecting the quantity of displacement a certain time after one specific position is passed, and reflecting the quantity of displacement as an operating speed in relation to an elapsed time and controlling musical sound. CONSTITUTION:An operation detecting means detects the operation of part of the human body and outputs a detection signal indicating the quantity of the operation and a reference time detecting means, on the other hand, detects a reference time when part of the physical body passes one predetermined position from the quantity of the operation indicated by the detection signal; and a displacement quantity detecting means detects the quantity of the displacement of the part of the human body according to the detection signal of the operation detecting means after the lapse of specific time after the reference time is detected by the reference time detecting means. Then the operating speed of the human body is detected from the displacement quantity and the time required for the displacement to control musical sound elements. Consequently, the musical sound elements can be controlled by detecting an initial touch and more delicate play representation by a player can be handled.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a musical tone control device that detects the movement of a performer's body and controls musical tone elements.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, this type of device has been disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-1277.
As shown in Publication No. 73, the amount of bending or twisting (rotation) of a joint can be measured using a distance measuring device consisting of a potentiometer, a rotary encoder, a piezoelectric element using ultrasonic waves, or a pressure-sensitive element installed at the fingertip inside the glove. The musical tone elements are controlled based on the detected bending angle and rotation angle.

For this reason, it has become possible to control musical tone elements by bending and rotating the joints of the body while dancing or performing rhythmic gymnastics.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Incidentally, in electronic musical instruments such as electronic organs and synthesizers, musical tone elements are controlled by aftertouch (aftertouch response) and initial touch (initial touch response). Here, what is aftertouch?
# This is a position control element such as the depth (position) and pressure of a key pressed when pressing a key on the board, and the initial touch is a control element of the speed of key pressing, that is, the speed.

However, in the conventional musical tone control device described above, musical tone elements are controlled based on the angle of bending or rotation of a joint, etc., so the control is limited to so-called aftertouch, and musical tone elements are controlled by initial touch. I couldn't.

For this reason, it has not been possible to reflect the more subtle performance expressions of the performer in the musical tone.

The present invention has been made to address the above problems, and
In order to control the musical tone by detecting the performer's body movements, we have developed a musical tone control device that can detect the initial touch and control the musical tone elements, and can respond to the performer's more subtle musical expressions. The purpose is to provide.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, the structural features of the present invention are as follows:
a motion detection means for detecting motion of a part of a human body and outputting a detection signal representing the amount of the motion; a reference time detection means for detecting a point in time when the reference time passes through a certain predetermined position as a reference time; and a detection signal of the operation detection means after a predetermined time has elapsed after the reference time is detected by the reference time detection means. and displacement amount detection means for detecting the amount of displacement of the part of the body based on the above.

[Function] In the present invention configured as described above, the motion detection means detects the motion of a part of the human body and outputs a detection signal representing the amount of the motion, while the reference time detection means detects the motion of a part of the human body. The displacement detection means detects a reference time when the body part passes through a certain predetermined position from the amount of movement represented by the signal, and the displacement amount detection means detects the reference time by the reference time detection means. Since the amount of displacement of the part of the body is detected based on the detection signal of the movement detection means after the elapse of the period of time, the speed of movement of the body can be detected from the amount of displacement and the time required for the displacement. It becomes possible to control musical tone elements.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be understood from the above explanation of the operation, according to the present invention, the movement of a part of a human body is monitored, and the movement of the body after a certain period of time has passed after passing a predetermined position. The amount of displacement of a part of is detected. Then, the detected displacement amount is reflected as the operating speed in relation to the elapsed time.

Therefore, it becomes possible to control the musical tone by using the initial touch, and the performer can express the performance more precisely by using the initial touch.

Further, the motion detection means is common to conventional musical tone control devices having similar motion detection means.

By simply importing the detection results, it is possible to add a new function of controlling musical tone elements by initial touch. Therefore, it can be applied to conventional devices with only slight changes.

[Example code] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a musical tone control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a movable member used when detecting the amount of finger bending in this musical tone control device. There is.

In this embodiment, the sensor 10 has a movable member attached along the finger, and the palm and the fingertip are formed by two straight lines: a straight line connecting the root and a fingertip connecting the root and the fingertip. The angle is the amount of bending of the finger.

That is, this angle is detected and converted into an electrical quantity, and the A/D conversion circuit 11 converts the angle into an analog signal representing the amount of bending of the finger.
It is output to.

The more specific structure of the movable member of the sensor 10 is as shown in FIG.
The connecting part 40 is fixed to the connecting part 40, and the rotating part 50 is rotatably supported in the lateral direction at the other end of the connecting part 40 and is provided along each finger. Further, in detail, the connecting portion 4o has a so-called hinge structure in which rotating members 41 and 42 are connected via a through shaft 43. Further, a variable resistor using a rotating sliding member is provided between the rotating members 41 and 42, and by detecting the resistance value shown by the variable resistor via the lead wire 44a''e, The relative angle between rotating members 41 and 42 can be detected.

With this configuration, the rotating portion 50 is connected to the connecting portion 40.
It is rotatable with respect to the base 30 about the fulcrum, and the angle of rotation can be detected by a variable resistor. Of course, the rotating member 50 rotates following the bending of the finger.

Therefore, in each sensor 10, current is supplied to the variable resistor via the lead wire 44, and the resulting voltage drop is used as a detection signal. Note that this movable member can accommodate up to five sensors 10. Further, the output of each sensor 10 is proportional to the amount of bending of the finger.

The detection signal of the analog signal output from the sensor 1o is
The detection signal is input to an A/D conversion circuit 11, and the A/D conversion circuit 11 outputs a detection signal of a digital signal obtained by A/D converting this detection signal.

Therefore, from now on, the amount of finger bending will be treated as a digital value.

A detection signal from the A/D conversion circuit 11 is input to a comparator 12 in order to determine whether the finger has been bent to a certain position. At the same time, a reference signal serving as a reference for comparison is inputted to the comparator 12 from the reference signal generation circuit 13. That is, a detection signal representing the amount of bending of the finger and a reference signal are input to the comparator 12, and the comparator 12 compares the three signals and outputs a determination signal when the detection signal is larger. The reference signal at this time is a signal having a value corresponding to the bending of the finger, and has a relatively small value corresponding to the vicinity of the beginning of the bending of the fidget finger. Note that the magnitude of the reference signal output by the reference signal generation circuit 13 can be adjusted by the variable circuit 14.

The determination signal output from the comparator 12 is sent to the timer circuit 15.
It is input to the reset terminal R of. The timer circuit 15 is a circuit that starts counting the clock signal φ input to the clock terminal GK from the rising edge of the signal input to the reset terminal R, and determines when a predetermined time 10 has elapsed. Therefore, when the comparator 12 outputs the determination signal.

In other words, the counting operation starts when the finger is bent beyond a certain position, and when a predetermined number of clocks are counted, a timer signal is output to notify that a certain period of time has passed. In this case, since the amount of bending of the finger at a relatively early stage of bending the finger is detected and the speed thereof is detected, the time for counting the clock is a minute time that accommodates such a request.

The timer signal output from the timer circuit 15 is input to the load terminal LD of the latch circuit 16, and the output signal of the A/D conversion circuit 11 described above is input to the data input terminal of this latch circuit 818. ing. The latch circuit 16 then outputs A at the time when the timer signal is input.
/D conversion circuit 11 output signal is latched. Therefore, the data latched by the latch circuit 16 is the amount of bending of the finger when a predetermined minute period of time has elapsed after the finger exceeded a certain bending position.

The amount of bending of the finger latched by the latch circuit 16 is determined by the conversion circuit 1
7 is input. This conversion circuit 17 is.

This is a conversion table for converting the output data of the latch circuit 16 into an initial touch response signal (hereinafter referred to as an ITR signal). The conversion table is required when the variable circuit 14 is provided as will be described later, and may also be required depending on the input characteristics of the tone generator 18 to which the ITR signal is input. Conversely, if the variable circuit 14 is omitted and the input characteristics of the tone generator 18 match the output characteristics of the latch circuit 16, it is unnecessary.

The launch data from the launch circuit 16 that has passed through the conversion circuit 17 is input to the tone generator 18 as an ITR signal.

In addition to this ITR signal, the tone generator 18 receives a key-on signal (hereinafter referred to as KON signal) and an aftertouch response signal (hereinafter referred to as ATR signal) as described below, and generates a musical tone signal by the KON signal. The musical tone elements such as the pitch, timbre, and volume of the musical tone signal generated are controlled by the ITR signal and the ATR signal! It's about to be controlled.

In this embodiment, the determination signal of the comparator 12 is input to the delay circuit 19 in order to obtain the KON signal.

At this time, the delay time in the delay circuit 19 is approximately the same as or slightly slower than the count time in the timer circuit 15. This is so that the timer circuit 15 measures a certain period of time when the judgment signal is output from the comparator 12, and then, when the latch circuit 16 latches, the judgment signal is output from the delay circuit 19. This is to do so.

Therefore, after the latch data in the latch circuit 16 is updated, the determination signal is input to the tone generator 18 as a KON signal.

Regarding the ATR signal, the output of the A/D conversion circuit 11 is directly input to the tone generator 18.

Next, the operation of the musical tone control device of this embodiment having the above configuration will be explained.

When a performer bends his finger with the movable member shown in FIG. 2 attached to his hand, the sensor 10 detects the amount of bending and outputs a detection signal representing the amount of bending.

This detection signal is then converted into a digital detection signal by the A/D conversion circuit 11 and input to the comparator 12, the launch circuit 16, and the tone generator 18.

Here, referring to FIG. 3, the figure shows the elapsed time when performing a finger bending motion (assumed to be proportional to the amount of finger bending) and the bending detected over time. It shows the relationship with the output value of the detection signal representing the amount.

As the finger is bent, the output of the sensor 10 gradually increases, but it is assumed that the output value of the sensor 1o becomes AO at a position where the comparator 12 recognizes that the finger has begun to bend. In other words, when comparing the output signal of the sensor 1° and the reference signal, by comparing both signals with the value of the reference signal as AO, it is possible to detect whether or not the finger has begun to bend. For the sake of simplicity, the output value of the sensor 1o also means the output value of the A/D conversion circuit 11 in a broad sense.

Suppose you try to bend your finger relatively slowly.

Assume that the output value of the sensor 10 gradually increases and reaches AO at time t1. At this point, the comparator 12 outputs a determination signal, and at the rising edge of the determination signal, the timer circuit 15 starts operating. That is, the rise of the 1 judgment signal indicates the reference time (the point in time when it is judged that the finger has started to bend and has exceeded the position for detecting this).

The finger is further bent, and the output value of the sensor 10 also increases. Since the timer time measured by the timer circuit 15 is to,
The launch circuit 16 latches the output value of the sensor 10 in response to a timer signal output from the timer circuit 15 at time tl+to. At this time, since the finger is bent slowly, the amount of displacement of the finger during the timer time of 0 is not so large, and the output value of the sensor 10 is assumed to be A1.

On the other hand, suppose you try to bend your finger faster.

For convenience of understanding, in this case as well, the output value of the sensor 10 is A.
It is assumed that the time t1 became O.

The timer circuit 15 starts operating from time t1.

Next, start measuring the same time tO. but.

This time, you are bending your fingers quickly, so you can bend them a lot in the same amount of time. If you ask me, time tt +to
It is assumed that the output value of the sensor 10 at is also larger than that at the beginning, and the output of the sensor 10 latched by the latch circuit 16 becomes A2.

In such a case, the amount of displacement of the finger is when the finger is bent slowly (AI
-AO), and when bent quickly, (A2-AO)
However, since the value of AO is fixed, the amount of displacement of the finger can also be determined based on the latch data (A2 or Al) of the latch circuit 16. Therefore, the amount of displacement of the finger can be detected by A2 or AI.

Furthermore, since this amount of displacement is the amount of displacement per predetermined period of time to, the amount of displacement derived from A2 or AI is proportional to the speed.

As can be seen from the above, the latch data of the latch circuit 16 has a proportional relationship to the finger bending speed, so if it is adjusted to match the input characteristics of the tone generator 18 via the conversion circuit 17, This latch data becomes the ITR signal.

By the way, the reference value that is the reference for comparison in the comparator 12 can be adjusted by the variable circuit 14, but if this reference value is changed, it becomes necessary to change the conversion table in the conversion circuit 17.

FIG. 4 shows how the output value of the latch circuit 16 changes even though the finger is bent at the same speed when the reference value is changed.

Assuming that the first reference value is AOI, the time when the amount of finger bending detected by sensor 10 corresponds to AOI is tll
, and the time t 11+ t after a certain period of time to has elapsed
Assume that at O, the output value of the sensor 10 is All. On the other hand, if the reference value is changed to AO2, which is larger than AOI, the output value of the sensor 10 becomes larger than AO2 at time t12, which is later than time tll. This is because the fingers are bent at the same speed, so the output value of the sensor 10 becomes thicker at later times. Similarly, it is natural that the amount of finger bending at time t 12+ t O after time 10 has passed is at least greater than the amount of finger bending at time t 11+ t O, and the output value of sensor 10 is Al1 larger than All. becomes. That is, when the base $ value is increased, the time at which it exceeds the reference value is delayed, and as a result, the data latched by the latch circuit 16 also becomes a large value. Therefore, to prevent this from happening, the conversion table in the conversion circuit 17 is changed when changing the reference value. In other words, if you increase the reference value,
The ratio of the output value to the input value is made small (and this ratio is made large if the reference value is made small. This situation is shown in FIG. 5).

Specifically, the conversion circuit 17 may be configured with a ROM, the data of the latch circuit 16 and the data of the variable circuit 14 may be used as address inputs, and the read data may be used as the converted data. As a result, different addresses are referenced according to the data output by the variable circuit 14, and a plurality of conversion tables corresponding to the output data of the variable circuit 14 are prepared.

Since the ITR signal is obtained from the conversion circuit 17 in the manner described above, the performer can perform musical expressions that take advantage of the initial touch response.

At this time, since the comparator 12 detects whether or not the finger is bent beyond a certain position, it is conceivable to use the determination signal as the KON signal. However, new data is latched by the latch circuit 16 after the timer circuit 15 performs a counting operation at the rising edge of the determination signal.

Therefore, if the determination signal is used as the KON signal, the KO
Immediately after the N signal is output, the latch data latched when obtaining the previous ITR signal in the latch circuit 16 is input to the tone generator 18.
The determination signal is delayed by the delay circuit 19, and the delay time must be at least the count time of the timer circuit 15 plus the delay time by the conversion circuit 17, etc.

As for the ATR signal, since the start of generation of the musical tone signal is controlled by the KON signal, there is no problem even if it is output before the generation of the KON signal, and it can be directly output from the A/D conversion circuit 11.
It is output to the tone generator 18.

As a result, the tone generator 18 starts generating a musical tone signal at the rising timing of the KON signal, and also generates a musical tone signal whose musical tone elements are controlled by the ITR signal and the ATR signal at a predetermined level from the falling edge of the ○N signal. This continues to occur until the musical tone stops decaying over time.

Although the above embodiment includes a timer circuit 15 that measures time by counting clocks, the timer circuit 15 is not limited to the timer circuit, and may be configured using a known time measurement means. For example, a delay circuit that delays the output of the comparator for a predetermined period of time may be provided to measure a certain period of time. It is also possible to use the time from the rise of the monostable multivibrator until it returns to the steady state, and in this case, it is possible to detect the so-called falling edge and determine that a certain period of time has elapsed.

The sensor 10 obtains an analog signal with a variable resistor made of a rotating sliding material, but it may also be configured to install a member whose resistance value changes by being stretched or compressed along the finger. .

Further, although an analog signal is outputted to indicate the degree of bending of the finger, it is also possible to use a configuration in which the A/D conversion circuit 11 is omitted as a digital encoder that outputs a digital signal. Furthermore, if the detection signal is output after a predetermined amount of bending is reached, there is no need for the comparator 12 to compare it with the reference signal.

In addition, a sensor 10 having a plurality of output lines corresponding to bending angles may be used, and a signal from one of the output lines may be selected to obtain the above judgment signal, and each output It is also possible to connect the line to an encoder and latch the encoded output with the latch circuit 16. In such a configuration, since the bending angle is directly reflected on any output line, the A/D conversion circuit 11, the comparator 12, and the reference signal generation circuit 13 are not necessary.

As described above, the conversion circuit 17 may become necessary or unnecessary depending on the presence or absence of the variable circuit 14 and the input characteristics of the tone generator 18. Further, its configuration can be changed to various types. For example, subtracting the reference signal AO from the latch data of the latch circuit 16 results in a signal proportional to the speed. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to have a configuration in which the reference signal value information outputted from the reference signal value is subtracted. In addition, as shown in Figure 7, a conversion circuit is added that gives a characteristic curve to the output of this subtraction circuit, making the ITR signal sensitive in the low speed range and outputting a slow ITR signal in the high speed range. It is also possible to obtain free characteristics. In addition, if the conversion ratio is configured to be changeable, it can be adjusted to match the finger bending speed that differs from player to player. Note that when obtaining an ITR signal to indicate the moving speed of the body, the moving speed and ITR
Not only when there is a proportional relationship with the output value of the signal,
It is sufficient that there is a certain correspondence between the two, including cases where the relationship is inversely proportional.

The KON signal is input to the reference signal generation circuit 13, and the KO
By configuring the reference signal A2 to have a slightly smaller value while the N signal is being output, it is possible to provide hysteresis characteristics to key on/off detection when detecting the timing of musical tone signal generation. can. In other words, KON
The reference value when the signal changes from on to off is slightly smaller than the reference value when the signal changes from off to on, which reduces misjudgments.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a sensor is provided for each finger to constitute a device consisting of the above circuit.

In order to handle five fingers, five of these circuits would be arranged in parallel, but the outputs of multiple sensors could be time-division multiplexed, and the subsequent processing would be performed using a single processing circuit using time-division processing. It can also be configured.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a musical tone control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. fJ2 is a top view of a movable member used in detecting the amount of finger bending, and Figs. Fig. 5 is a ratio diagram showing the ratio of conversion in the conversion circuit, and Figs. 6 and 7 are modifications of the conversion circuit. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example. Explanation of symbols 10: Sensor 12: Comparator 15: Timer circuit 16 2. Latch circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] Motion detection means for detecting the motion of a part of a human body and outputting a detection signal representing the amount of the motion, and the motion represented by the detection signal output by the motion detection means. a reference time detection means for detecting the point in time when the body part passes through a certain predetermined position based on the amount of the reference time; and after a predetermined time has elapsed since the reference time is detected by the reference time detection means. displacement detection means for detecting the amount of displacement of the part of the body based on the detection signal of the motion detection means, and outputting a control signal corresponding to the measured displacement amount as a musical tone control signal. Characteristic musical tone control device.