JPH02242055A - Hydrogen occluded alloy-based heat application system - Google Patents
Hydrogen occluded alloy-based heat application systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02242055A JPH02242055A JP6168389A JP6168389A JPH02242055A JP H02242055 A JPH02242055 A JP H02242055A JP 6168389 A JP6168389 A JP 6168389A JP 6168389 A JP6168389 A JP 6168389A JP H02242055 A JPH02242055 A JP H02242055A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- heat
- heat source
- container
- source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006903 response to temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Landscapes
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（イ）産業上の利用分野
本発明は、水素吸蔵合金を用いたヒートポンプ、冷凍等
の熱利用システムに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to heat utilization systems such as heat pumps and refrigeration using hydrogen storage alloys.
（ロ）従来の技術
このような熱利用システムは、例えば特公昭５８−１９
９５５号公報、特開昭６１−２０２０５４号公報に開示
されている。(b) Conventional technology Such a heat utilization system is known, for example, from the Japanese Patent Publication Publication No. 58-19
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 955 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-202054.
これらは、２種類の水素吸蔵合金を用い、一方を１３０
℃〜１５０℃の駆動用熱源で加熱して他方に水素を送り
且つ吸収させ、他方が水素を一方に戻す際の吸熱反応に
より冷凍熱を得るようにしている。These use two types of hydrogen storage alloys, one with 130%
By heating with a driving heat source at a temperature of 150°C to 150°C, hydrogen is sent to and absorbed by the other side, and the other side returns the hydrogen to one side to obtain refrigeration heat through an endothermic reaction.
（ハ）発明が解決しようとする課題
しかし、これらの従来例は駆動用熱源で常に１３０℃〜
１５０℃の熱を得ることを条件としており、コージェネ
レーションシステムからの熱、工場の廃熱、太陽熱等を
熱源とした場合、熱変動が大きすぎて稼動効率が上らな
い。(c) Problems to be solved by the invention However, in these conventional examples, the driving heat source always
The condition is to obtain heat of 150 degrees Celsius, and if the heat source is heat from a cogeneration system, waste heat from a factory, solar heat, etc., the heat fluctuations will be too large and the operating efficiency will not increase.
本発明は、駆動用熱源の変動に対応して稼動効率を向上
させ且つ安定させるものである。The present invention improves and stabilizes operating efficiency in response to fluctuations in the driving heat source.
（ニ）課題を解決するための手段
本発明による解決手段は、駆動用熱源によって加熱され
、水素を放出する第１の水素吸蔵合金と、放出水素を吸
収する第２の水素吸蔵合金と、上記駆動用熱源の温度レ
ベルが低いときに作動し、第１の水素吸蔵合金側から第
２の水素吸蔵合金側に水素を送出する水素ポンプとから
成る構成である。(d) Means for Solving the Problem The solution according to the present invention includes a first hydrogen storage alloy that is heated by a driving heat source and releases hydrogen, a second hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs the released hydrogen, and the above-mentioned hydrogen storage alloy. This configuration includes a hydrogen pump that operates when the temperature level of the drive heat source is low and sends hydrogen from the first hydrogen storage alloy side to the second hydrogen storage alloy side.
（ホ）作用
第１図の圧力−温度線図で示すように、２種類の水素吸
蔵合金ＭＨ，ＭＨ，は、駆動用熱源が１３０℃以上の比
較的高温であれば、その高温の熱でＭＨ，を加熱させ、
Ｍ Ｈ、を２０℃程度の冷却水で冷却させ、ＭＨ，の水
素をＭＨ，に移送させる。そして、次にＭＨｌを２０℃
で冷却しつつＭＨ２の水素をＭ Ｈ、に戻し、ここでの
ＭＨ，の吸熱反応により冷凍熱を回収する。(E) Effect As shown in the pressure-temperature diagram in Figure 1, two types of hydrogen storage alloys MH, MH, can absorb the high temperature heat if the driving heat source is relatively high temperature of 130°C or higher. MH, is heated,
MH, is cooled with cooling water of about 20° C., and hydrogen in MH, is transferred to MH. Then, add MHL to 20°C.
The hydrogen in MH2 is returned to MH while being cooled, and the heat of refrigeration is recovered by the endothermic reaction of MH.
一方、駆動用熱源の熱が１３０℃未満、例えば９０℃程
度の比較的低温であれば、これをセンサーなどで検知し
て電動の水素ポンプ（例えばコンプレッサー）を作動さ
せる。水素ポンプは、ＭＴ４ ＋側からＭＨ，側に水素
を強制的に送り、ＭＨ。On the other hand, if the heat from the driving heat source is relatively low, such as less than 130°C, for example about 90°C, this is detected by a sensor or the like and an electric hydrogen pump (for example, a compressor) is activated. The hydrogen pump forcibly sends hydrogen from the MT4 + side to the MH side.
を２０℃程度で冷却しつつ送出水素を吸収せしめる。こ
のとき、熱源によるＭ Ｈ＋の加熱も併用して良い。そ
して、次にＭ Ｈ、を２０℃で冷却しつつＭＨ，の水素
をＭＨ，に戻し、ここでのＭＨ２の吸熱反応により冷凍
熱を回収する。The hydrogen is absorbed while being cooled to about 20°C. At this time, heating of M H+ by a heat source may also be used. Then, while cooling MH at 20° C., the hydrogen in MH is returned to MH, and the heat of refrigeration is recovered by the endothermic reaction of MH2.
このように、駆動用熱源の供給熱の温度レベルに応じて
、通常の熱サイクル運転と、水素ポンプによる熱サイク
ル運転とを切替えて実行させるのであるが、温度レベル
は熱源の温度をセンサーで測定する、成るいは太陽熱利
用熱源では日射計で日射強度を測定する等の方法で調べ
、例えば１３０℃を切替えのための基準とする。In this way, the normal heat cycle operation and the heat cycle operation using the hydrogen pump are switched and executed depending on the temperature level of the heat supplied by the drive heat source, but the temperature level is determined by measuring the temperature of the heat source with a sensor. In the case of a solar heat source, the solar radiation intensity is measured using a pyranometer or the like, and for example, 130° C. is used as the standard for switching.
（へ）実施例
本発明による熱利用システムとして、冷凍熱利用システ
ムの例を第２図に基づいて説明する。(f) Example As a heat utilization system according to the present invention, an example of a refrigeration heat utilization system will be explained based on FIG. 2.
容器１．２は第１の水素吸蔵合金ＭＨ，を、容器３．４
は第２の水素吸蔵合金ＭＨ，を充填している。容器１と
４、容器２と３は、水素ガスの第１、第２移送配Ｗ５．
６によって接続されると共に、容ｉＳ１．４は第２移送
配管６に、容Ｓ２．３は第１移送配管５に夫々接続可能
にしである。この接続を可能にするために、４個の三方
弁７・・・が配管５．６に設けである。Container 1.2 contains the first hydrogen storage alloy MH, and container 3.4 contains the first hydrogen storage alloy MH.
is filled with a second hydrogen storage alloy MH. Containers 1 and 4 and containers 2 and 3 are connected to the first and second hydrogen gas transfer distribution W5.
6, the capacitor iS1.4 can be connected to the second transfer pipe 6, and the capacitor S2.3 can be connected to the first transfer pipe 5, respectively. To enable this connection, four three-way valves 7... are provided in the pipe 5.6.
第１移送配管５には、容器１．２側から容器３．４側に
水素ガスを強制的に送出する電動のコンプレッサーから
成る水素ポンプ８が設けてあり、このポンプ８にはバイ
パス弁９付のバイパス路１０が設けである。The first transfer pipe 5 is provided with a hydrogen pump 8 consisting of an electric compressor that forcibly sends hydrogen gas from the container 1.2 side to the container 3.4 side, and this pump 8 is equipped with a bypass valve 9. A bypass path 10 is provided.
容ｖｊＰ１．２．３．４は、充填した合金を加熱したり
、合金の反応熱を回収するために、熱交換器１１・・・
を内装している。そして、容器１．２は、その熱交換器
１１．１１を駆動用熱源１２と、２０℃の冷却水を備え
た冷却源１３とに切替弁１４・・・によって選択的に切
替えることができるように配管接続している。また、容
器３．４は、その熱交換器１１．１１を冷却源１３と、
冷凍負荷１５とに切替弁１４・・・によって選択的に切
替えることができるように配管接続している。熱交換器
１１・・・と熱源１２は、冷却源１３、冷凍負荷１５と
の間の配管は、熱媒、冷媒をポンプ等で強制循環させる
配管である。The capacity vjP1.2.3.4 is a heat exchanger 11... for heating the filled alloy and recovering the reaction heat of the alloy.
It's decorated. The container 1.2 is configured so that its heat exchanger 11.11 can be selectively switched between the drive heat source 12 and the cooling source 13 provided with 20° C. cooling water using a switching valve 14... Piping is connected to. The container 3.4 also connects its heat exchanger 11.11 to a cooling source 13;
It is pipe-connected to the refrigeration load 15 so that it can be selectively switched by a switching valve 14 . The piping between the heat exchangers 11 . . . and the heat source 12, the cooling source 13, and the refrigeration load 15 is piping for forced circulation of heat medium and refrigerant using a pump or the like.
上記駆動用熱源１２の供給熱の温度レベルは、温度セン
サーや日射計等で測定される。制御装置（図示せず）は
、測定値を基準温度（例えば１３０℃）や基準日射強度
と比較し、基準以上であれば、通常の熱サイクル運転を
、未満であれば、水素ポンプ８の使用を指示し、各弁７
・・・ ９．１４・・・を各運転に合せて開閉せしめる
。水素ポンプ８の使用時には熱源１２の併用加熱とする
よう指示する。The temperature level of the heat supplied by the driving heat source 12 is measured by a temperature sensor, a pyranometer, or the like. A control device (not shown) compares the measured value with a standard temperature (for example, 130°C) and standard solar radiation intensity, and if it is above the standard, normal thermal cycle operation is performed, and if it is less than the standard, the hydrogen pump 8 is used. and each valve 7
... 9.14... will be opened and closed according to each operation. When using the hydrogen pump 8, instructions are given to use the heat source 12 for heating.
次に、本実施例の動作を説明すると、制御装置は熱源１
２の温度レベルが基準以上に高いとの比較結果に基づき
、容器１の熱交換器１１を熱源１２に、容器２．４の熱
交換器１１．１１を冷却源１３に、容器３の熱交換器１
１を冷凍負荷１５に接続すべく切替弁１４・・・を夫々
開閉させ、バイパス弁９を開放すると共に三方弁７・・
・を切替え、容器１と４を第１移送配管５及びバイパス
路１０を介して接続し、容器２と３を第２移送配管６を
介して接続する。この結果、水素ガスは、容器１から４
へ、容器３から２に移送され、容器３での水素放出によ
る吸熱反応により冷凍負荷１５に約−２０℃の冷熱を与
える。この反応が終了すると、制御装置は、容器１．３
の熱交換器１１．１１を冷却源１３に、容器２の熱交換
器１１を熱源１２に、容器４の熱交換器１１を冷凍負荷
１５に夫々接続すべく切替弁１４を開閉させ、バイパス
弁９を開放すると共に三方弁７・・・を切替え、容ａｔ
と４を７Ｊ２移送配管６を介して接続し、容器２と３を
第１移送配管５及びバイパス路１０を介して接続する。Next, to explain the operation of this embodiment, the control device controls the heat source 1.
Based on the comparison result that the temperature level of container 2 is higher than the standard, the heat exchanger 11 of container 1 is used as the heat source 12, the heat exchanger 11.11 of container 2.4 is used as the cooling source 13, and the heat exchanger of container 3 is changed. Vessel 1
1 to the refrigeration load 15, the switching valves 14... are opened and closed, respectively, and the bypass valve 9 is opened, and the three-way valves 7...
, the containers 1 and 4 are connected via the first transfer pipe 5 and the bypass path 10, and the containers 2 and 3 are connected via the second transfer pipe 6. As a result, hydrogen gas is transferred from containers 1 to 4.
The hydrogen is transferred from container 3 to container 2, and an endothermic reaction due to hydrogen release in container 3 provides cold heat of about -20° C. to refrigeration load 15. When this reaction is finished, the control device controls the container 1.3.
The switching valve 14 is opened and closed to connect the heat exchanger 11 of the container 2 to the cooling source 13, the heat exchanger 11 of the container 2 to the heat source 12, and the heat exchanger 11 of the container 4 to the refrigeration load 15. At the same time as opening valve 9, switch the three-way valve 7...
and 4 are connected via a 7J2 transfer pipe 6, and the containers 2 and 3 are connected via a first transfer pipe 5 and a bypass path 10.
この結果、水素ガスは容器４から１へ容器２から３に移
送され、容ｉＳ４での水素放出による吸熱反応により冷
凍負荷１５に約−２０℃の冷熱を与える。As a result, hydrogen gas is transferred from container 4 to container 1 and from container 2 to container 3, and imparts cold heat of about -20° C. to refrigeration load 15 through an endothermic reaction due to hydrogen release in tank iS4.
斯る動作は交互に繰返されて連続的な熱サイクル運転と
成る。Such operations are repeated alternately to form a continuous thermal cycle operation.
一方、熱［１２の温度レベルが基準未満との比較結果が
あれば、制御装置は上記基準以上の場合の指示に加えて
、バイパス弁９の閉成と水素ポンプ８の駆動を指示する
。従って、水素ガスを容器１から容器４に、また容器２
がら容器３に夫々移送するときに、極めて効果的に移送
作業を行なう。On the other hand, if the comparison result shows that the temperature level of the heat [12] is below the standard, the control device instructs closing of the bypass valve 9 and driving of the hydrogen pump 8 in addition to the instruction when the temperature level is above the standard. Therefore, hydrogen gas is transferred from container 1 to container 4, and from container 2 to container 2.
To carry out the transfer work very effectively when transferring the waste to the containers 3 respectively.
駆動用熱源１２に太陽熱集熱装置を用いて、２種類合金
での通常の熱サイクル運転と、これに水素ポンプ８をも
用いた熱サイクル運転とを行ない、日射強度に応じた総
合効率を求めた。これが第３図に示しである。この図か
ら明らかなように、単なる２種類合金での熱サイクル運
転は、日射強度６００Ｋｃ ａ ｌ／’ｈ ｒ−ｍ’を
境に日射強度が大の領域では効率が高いが、小の領域で
は稼動できないことがある。一方、水素ポンプ８を加え
た運転は、日射強度が小の領域でも稼動できて所定の効
率を得るが、大の領域ではポンプ８への入力骨がむしろ
損失となる。Using a solar heat collector as the drive heat source 12, normal heat cycle operation with two types of alloys and heat cycle operation using the hydrogen pump 8 were performed to determine the overall efficiency according to the solar radiation intensity. Ta. This is shown in FIG. As is clear from this figure, thermal cycle operation with just two types of alloys is highly efficient in the region of high solar radiation intensity, bordering on 600 Kcal/'hr-m', but in the region of low solar radiation intensity. It may not be possible to operate. On the other hand, when the hydrogen pump 8 is added, it can be operated even in a region where the solar radiation intensity is low and a predetermined efficiency is obtained, but in a region where the solar radiation intensity is high, the input bone to the pump 8 is rather lost.
従って、本実施例のように、日射強度に応じて運転を使
い分ければ（第３図点線参照）、１日の中で稼動時間帯
を延長でき、稼動効率の向上、安定を図ることができる
。Therefore, as in this embodiment, if the operation is used differently depending on the solar radiation intensity (see the dotted line in Figure 3), the operating hours can be extended within the day, and the operating efficiency can be improved and stabilized. .
尚、本実施例では、両運転を温度、日射等で自動的に切
替えているが、この切替を所定の表示・報知により手動
で行なっても良い。また、太陽熱々源の場合、１日の運
転を時間（タイマー）制御で切替えるようにしても良い
（ト）発明の効果
本発明に依れば、駆動用熱源の温度レベルに応じて熱サ
イクル運転を切替えるので、熱源の温度変動に対応して
運転でき、稼動率を向上でき、全体の運転を安定させる
ことができる。従って、熱エネルギーを極めて効率良（
利用したシステムを提供できるものである。In this embodiment, the two operations are automatically switched based on temperature, solar radiation, etc., but this switching may also be done manually using a predetermined display/notification. In addition, in the case of a solar heat source, the daily operation may be switched by time (timer) control. Since the system can be switched over, it can be operated in response to temperature fluctuations in the heat source, improving the operating rate and stabilizing the overall operation. Therefore, thermal energy can be used extremely efficiently (
It is possible to provide the system used.
第１図は本発明システムに於ける熱サイクル運転を原理
的に説明する圧力−温度線図、第２図は実施例に配管系
統図、第３図は太陽熱々源での日射強度−効率特性図で
ある。
１〜４・・・容器、５．６・・・移送配管、７・・・三
方弁、８・・・水素ポンプ、１２・・・駆動用熱源、１
３・・・冷却源、１４・・・切替弁、１５・・・冷凍負
荷。
第１図
１０００／Ｔ ［に−１］
第３図Fig. 1 is a pressure-temperature diagram that explains the principle of thermal cycle operation in the system of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a piping system diagram for an example, and Fig. 3 is a solar radiation intensity-efficiency characteristic in a hot solar source. It is a diagram. 1-4... Container, 5.6... Transfer piping, 7... Three-way valve, 8... Hydrogen pump, 12... Drive heat source, 1
3...Cooling source, 14...Switching valve, 15...Refrigerating load. Fig. 1 1000/T [ni-1] Fig. 3
Claims (1)
１の水素吸蔵合金と、放出水素を吸収する第２の水素吸
蔵合金と、上記駆動用熱源の温度レベルが低いときに作
動し、第１の水素吸蔵合金側から第２の水素吸蔵合金側
に水素を送出する水素ポンプとから成る水素吸蔵合金を
用いた熱利用システム。(1) A first hydrogen storage alloy that is heated by a driving heat source and releases hydrogen, a second hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs released hydrogen, and a second hydrogen storage alloy that operates when the temperature level of the driving heat source is low. A heat utilization system using a hydrogen storage alloy comprising a hydrogen pump that sends hydrogen from a first hydrogen storage alloy side to a second hydrogen storage alloy side.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6168389A JPH02242055A (en) | 1989-03-13 | 1989-03-13 | Hydrogen occluded alloy-based heat application system |
| US07/490,999 US5174367A (en) | 1989-03-13 | 1990-03-09 | Thermal utilization system using hydrogen absorbing alloys |
| DE90302631T DE69004718T2 (en) | 1989-03-13 | 1990-03-13 | Thermal recovery system using hydrogen absorbing alloys. |
| EP90302631A EP0388132B1 (en) | 1989-03-13 | 1990-03-13 | Thermal utilization system using hydrogen absorbing alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6168389A JPH02242055A (en) | 1989-03-13 | 1989-03-13 | Hydrogen occluded alloy-based heat application system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02242055A true JPH02242055A (en) | 1990-09-26 |
Family
ID=13178309
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6168389A Pending JPH02242055A (en) | 1989-03-13 | 1989-03-13 | Hydrogen occluded alloy-based heat application system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02242055A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5409676A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1995-04-25 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Heat transfer system utilizing hydrogen absorbing metals |
| KR20040050758A (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-06-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | heating and cooling device for hydrogen storage alloys and method thereof |
| WO2008155543A2 (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-24 | Thermal Energy Systems Ltd | Heat pump |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5895168A (en) * | 1981-11-30 | 1983-06-06 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Heat pump device |
-
1989
- 1989-03-13 JP JP6168389A patent/JPH02242055A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5895168A (en) * | 1981-11-30 | 1983-06-06 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Heat pump device |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5409676A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1995-04-25 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Heat transfer system utilizing hydrogen absorbing metals |
| KR20040050758A (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-06-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | heating and cooling device for hydrogen storage alloys and method thereof |
| WO2008155543A2 (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-24 | Thermal Energy Systems Ltd | Heat pump |
| WO2008155543A3 (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2009-03-05 | Thermal Energy Systems Ltd | Heat pump |
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