JPH02227493A - Hydraulic coke recovery device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a decoking apparatus simple in equipment and easy to operate constituted so that the upper and lower ends of a coking reactor are opened and a high pressure fluid supplying flexible pipe is introduced into the reactor from the upper end thereof and the leading end part of the flexible pipe is rotated to emit a high pressure fluid to recover coke from the lower end opening.

CONSTITUTION: Hydrocarbon charging matter composed of heavy distillate product or residue is coked in a coking reactor 1 and the upper and lower end openings 19, 20 of the reactor 1 packed with coke are opened and coke recovery machinery composed of a flexible pipe 14 having the rotary part 15 and non-rotary part 16 provided to the leading end part thereof is moved to the upper part of the reactor 1 and the flexible pipe is allowed to fall to the reactor 1 from a taking-up drum 3 and the high pressure coke recovery fluid introduced from a duct 4 is emitted from the lower nozzle 17 and lateral nozzle 21 provided to the rotary part 15 while the rotary part 15 is rotated and coke is recovered from the lower end opening 20 of the reactor 1.

COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of coking hydrocarbon charges consisting essentially of heavy distillation products or residues. More particularly, the present invention relates to a continuous recovery process (deeoklng 5tep) of coke deposited in a reactor.

PRIOR ART AND PROBLEM OF THE INVENTION Coking is a well-known process in the refining industry that aims to add value to heavy distillates and sometimes distillation residues by subjecting them to thermal cracking.

This process is generally carried out in large vacuum reactors and performs cracking operations on the distillate exiting the reactor and on the coking products deposited in the reactor.

The charge is generally introduced from the bottom of the reactor, in which case the coke is first deposited at the bottom of the reactor and then
Gradually fill higher portions and finally fill the reactor completely.

At this point, the charge input is stopped and the charge is sent to the second vacuum reactor.

Following the first step of coke production, there is a second step of recovering the produced coke.

In this case, after the remaining hydrocarbons have been completely drained and cooled, the top is opened and holes are drilled through the coke produced by suitable equipment. In this case, a scaffold or tower is usually installed to excavate the inside of the reactor from the top of the reactor. Scaffolding structures (one for each reactor if there is more than one reactor) are used to allow the introduction of the charge and, in many cases, to collect coke produced as it descends through the reactor under its own weight. , installed above the reactor above the ground. The recovered coke is then sent to storage or use.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for scaffolding above the reactor, thereby reducing the weight of the structural unit and reducing equipment costs.
The object of the present invention is to provide a device that can improve the ease and economy of coke withdrawal.

A device corresponding to the above purpose has already been disclosed in French patent application No. 8
No. 706,765 and No. 8,715,141. The device uses flexible pipe wrapped around a drum and equipment suspended from the flexible pipe. The rotation of the device is achieved by the reaction to water radiation in a direction that includes a tangential component.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The device according to the present invention comprises: a) a flexible hollow pipe that can withstand pressure and shear forces; and b) allowing coke recovery fluid to pass from its supply means to the flexible pipe regardless of the number of turns of the pipe. c) means for supplying coke recovery fluid from the flexible pipe at a first end of the pipe, and means for winding the flexible pipe about a rotatable axis, so as to obtain: (1) flexibility; a first portion rigidly and sealingly coupled to the second end of the flexible pipe to receive a supply of coke recovery fluid from the pipe; (!1) movable about an axis and connected to the first portion; a second portion being coaxial; (ill) means for rotating the second portion independently of the coke recovery fluid circuit; and (lv) disposed within the second portion and attributable to at least one auxiliary fluid. a hollow piston displaceable along an axis in response to pressure changes; (v) means for supplying coke recovery fluid from a flexible pipe through said first or second portion to the hollow space of the piston; vi) at least one first radiation means provided on said second part substantially axially towards the direction of supply through the flexible pipe or substantially laterally also on said second part; means for alternately transmitting the coke recovery fluid from the hollow space to at least one second radiating means; (vii) displacing the piston by means of an auxiliary fluid through the first or second part; Well, the first
at least one auxiliary fluid hydraulic circuit separate from the coke recovery fluid circuit, which may be positioned to transmit coke recovery fluid to the radiating means or to the second radiating means; and (vill) sealing means for controlling the pressure in each circuit. It is characterized by including a combination of a coke recovery device and a coke recovery device.

When in use, (furthest from the axis of the drum around which the pipe is wound)
A flexible pipe of controlled stiffness, equipped at its free end with means for projecting water downwards and to the sides, is lowered from the drum into the reactor. In this case, the degree of descent is controlled by the rotation of the drum. The other end of the pipe is connected to a high pressure water source. The water flows through the pipe to the radiating means and is radiated to the coke bed. The separated coke pieces are discharged by this radiated water.

One device as described above can be used for each reactor. When using multiple (e.g. 2 or 4) reactors,
Preferably, only one device is used. Based on the first embodiment, the drum can be displaced laterally to reach above each reactor in turn. According to another embodiment, the drum is stationary, but a flexible pipe feed pulley can position the equipment above the selectable reactor.

In the case of the present invention, flexible pipes are used which can supply water at extremely high pressures without danger. Furthermore, said pipes can withstand large tensile forces, have a controlled stiffness, and can suspend heavy loads at their ends, so that, on the one hand, coke recovery equipment can be introduced into the reactor, and on the other hand, It can avoid pipe shaking when using high pressure water flow.

The operation is carried out in two stages. That is, first, the lower end of the pipe supporting the coke recovery equipment is introduced from the top to drill a hole in the coke along the (substantially vertical) longitudinal axis of the reactor. Water at a pressure of 100 to 600 bar or more is radiated from an orifice arranged downwardly at the lower end of the device along the axis of the device or on both sides with respect to said axis, for example in a direction at an angle of 30@. In this case, the hollow piston is in a position to allow water to pass towards said orifice, but prevent it from passing into the side orifices. Once the device reaches the bottom of the reactor, the auxiliary hydraulic circuit is operated to displace the hollow piston so that radiation is directed to the side rather than downward. The jet may be strictly perpendicular to the instrument axis, but it may also be at an angle of, for example, ±20'' with respect to said perpendicular.

The lateral water pressure is set at more than 100-600 bar (preferably 150-400 bar) so that the coke is crushed and water driven out of the bottom as fragments. High pressure (e.g. 150-400 bar or more)
By using this, relatively large pieces of coke can be obtained and the generation of extremely fine dust, which is difficult to separate in the end, can be avoided.

According to another embodiment, an intermediate piston position can be provided that allows water to be ejected simultaneously from the lower nozzle and from the side nozzles.

Flexible pipes that can be used in the present invention can be constructed of superimposed layers that can include one or more plastic sealing sleeves and at least one helical winding, for example with a short pitch. Advantageously, the pipe also consists of at least one frame that withstands internal pressure and that can for example consist of at least two crossed windings with a long pitch and that withstands tensile and torsional torques.

Advantageously, the pipe has the following characteristics:

- Sufficient flexibility to be able to be wound onto a drum with a radius of 0.5-5 m; - at least 100 bar (preferably 150-10 bar);
Strength to withstand internal pressure of 00 bar), ・104~106d
aN (preferably 2×10′ to 5×1O′ daN
) elongation fracture strength, ・100 to 1.000 m-daN
(preferably from 500 to 5000 m-daN), - Rigidity from 50 to 1000 daN m2 (preferably from 100 to 500 daN-2) at 20°C.

The suspended type 11 of the pipe (nozzle + weight used in some cases) is preferably 103 to 5X10'N. The above weight must of course be selected depending on the breaking strength.

This kind of type is the Institut φ Français du
It has been researched in Vetrol and is actually commercially available from Cotrexip.

[Example] Next, the present invention will be specifically explained based on the illustrated example.

This equipment includes, for example, two coking reactors (1)
It consists of (2). Reactor (1) is discharging coke and reactor (2) is depositing coke (coking). For simplicity, the ducts for introducing the hydrocarbon charge and withdrawing the vapors are not shown. Winding drum (3)
Alternatively, a foil reactor is provided above. Drum (3)
The rotating shaft of the drum is hollow, which connects the drum to the duct (4) via a rotating joint that connects the rotating shaft of the drum to the duct.
Its role is to supply high-pressure water from the The drum shaft is supported by two rigid side plates, of which only one side plate (5) is shown. The two side plates have wheels (7) for moving the whole thing along the rails (9).
(8) supported on a chassis (6). The whole unit is supported on a scaffolding (superstructure) consisting in particular of beams (10) to (13). A flexible pipe (14) with high mechanical strength is wound around the drum.
14) is connected to the duct (4) via a connecting member (not shown) that allows water to be supplied regardless of the drum position.
is combined with At the other end of the flexible pipe (14),
A rotating part (1
Coke recovery equipment consisting of a non-rotating part 5) and a non-rotating part 16) is installed.

The heavier the device, the more stable it is. Rotating part (
15) is provided with a lower nozzle (17) and a side nozzle (21), the lower nozzle (17) facing downward and the side nozzle (21) facing sideways. The pulley (18) can guide the flexible pipe (14) and thus keep it within the axis of the reactor, independent of the degree of winding of the pipe on the drum.

One or more auxiliary flexible pipes (22) serve as an auxiliary hydraulic circuit and can actuate the movable piston controlling the nozzle, if the motor rotating the rotating part (15) is of hydraulic type. It can also operate a motor.

An example of operation will be explained below. Introduction, rotating part (15)
The coke recovery equipment consisting of a non-rotating part (1B) is raised above the reactor (1), the upper end opening (L9) and the lower end opening (20) of the coke-filled reactor are opened, and the pipe on the drum ( 14) and send out the flexible pipe (1
4) lowering the unit consisting of the rotating part (15) and the non-rotating part (16);

The high-pressure water supplied to the pipe (14) is emitted from a downwardly directed lower nozzle (17), the lowering of the pipe within the reactor being in accordance with the holes drilled in the coke bed by the injection.

When the coke recovery equipment reaches the bottom of the reactor, the coke is guided through the bottom opening (20), falls below the reactor and is then discharged by known transfer devices.

The piston is then displaced by one of the hydraulic circuits so that the water can be emitted laterally rather than axially.

The coke is thus pulled away from the walls of the reactor and discharged through the lower end opening (20).

When the operation is completed, pull out the coke recovery equipment from the reactor (L), move the drum (3) and its support member on the rail (9) to the opening of the reactor (2), and lower the pipe and equipment. Then, coke is recovered from the reactor (2).

FIG. 2 shows a device consisting of a non-rotating part (1B) rigidly connected to a flexible pipe (14) and a rotating part (15) which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis. The combination of two parts is
Bearing (32) and sealing packing (31) (33)
(34). The drive motor (35) is
The duct (37) is introduced at high pressure through the duct (36).
It may be a hydraulic motor driven by an auxiliary fluid delivered at low pressure through the auxiliary fluid. The rotational speed of the motor (35) can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the fluid.

Said duct is composed of a flexible pipe forming part of an auxiliary flexible pipe (22). The motor (35) is
For example, the rotating part (15) is rotated via a pinion (38) driving a ring gear (39) rigidly connected to the rotating part (15). The motor (35) may furthermore be an electric motor, for example. The rotating part (15) is provided with an internal opening (40) for displacing the hollow piston (41). The seal is made by segment or ring (42) (
43). In the piston position of FIG. 2, the internal duct (44) extends the internal space to
), the side chamber (48) and the side nozzle (21). If the pressure applied from the auxiliary fluid in the circuit (45) is reduced and/or if the pressure of the auxiliary fluid in the circuit (4B) is increased, the piston will move down and the inner duct (44) will move towards the outer and lower ducts (50 ) and lower chamber (
47), and water can be emitted from the lower nozzle (17). Conversely, if the pressure in the circuit (45) is increased relative to that in the circuit (46), the piston is returned to its initial position.

This operation assumes that the pressure acts parallel to the piston axis. For example, if the pressure is on the shoulder (51) (52
) is sufficient.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the circuit (45) is removed. The chamber (53) communicates with the outside via a circuit (57). The displacement of the piston is controlled by a circuit (4G).

That is, the piston can be displaced against the spring (54) and water can be ejected from the lower nozzle (17).

At rest, when the pressure in the circuit (4B) is relieved, the piston assumes a high position and water is supplied to the nozzle (21). Instead of compression springs, tension springs (return springs) can be used. In this case, the high position of the piston can be obtained by releasing the pressure in the circuit (4B).

According to another embodiment of the device of FIG. 2 or 3, it is not necessary to provide the piston with a duct (44). In fact, the pistons each have a delivery orifice (
55) (5B) can be covered. The piston is shown in an intermediate position between the upper and lower end positions.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of equipment showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view in the axial direction showing a water emitting device, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are two modified examples of the water emitting device, respectively. FIG. (1)(2)...Coking reactor, (3)...Take-up drum, (4)...Duct, (5)...Side plate, (
6)...Chassis, (7) (8)...Wheel, (9)
...Rail, (10) (ii) (12) (13)
... Beam, (14) ... Flexible pipe, (15) ...
- Rotating part of coke recovery equipment, (16)... Non-rotating part of coke recovery equipment, (17)... Lower nozzle,
(18)...Pulley, (19)...Top opening of reactor, (20)...Bottom opening of reactor, (21)...
Side nozzle, (22)... Auxiliary flexible pipe, (32
)... Bearing, (31) (33) (34)... Sealing packing, (35)... Drive motor, (:116)
(37)...dak), (3B)...binion, (
39)...Ring, (40)...Inner opening, (41
)...Hollow piston, (42) (43)...Ring, (44)...Duct, (45) (4B)...Circuit, (47)...Lower chamber, (48)... ... Side chamber, (49) ... External lower duct, (50) ...
Lower outer duct, (51) (52)...Shoulder, (53
)...Chamber, (54)...Nokune, (55)(
5B>... Sending orifice, (57)... Circuit. Applicant for the above patents: Institut Français du Bétrol FIG a FIG, 3

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) a) a flexible hollow pipe capable of withstanding pressure and shear forces; means for supplying coke recovery fluid from the flexible pipe at a first end of the pipe, and means for winding the flexible pipe about a rotatable shaft; c) (i) coke recovery from the flexible pipe; a first portion rigidly and sealingly coupled to a second end of the flexible pipe for receiving a supply of fluid; (ii) a second portion movable about an axis and coaxial with the first portion
(iii) means for rotating the second section independently of the coke recovery fluid circuit; and (iv) means disposed within the second section and responsive to pressure changes attributable to the at least one auxiliary fluid. (v) means for supplying coke recovery fluid from a flexible pipe through said first or second part into the hollow space of the piston; (vi) a flexible piston; at least one first radiation means provided on said second part substantially axially towards the direction of supply via the pipe or at least one second radiation means provided substantially laterally also on said second part; means for transmitting the coke recovery fluid alternately from the hollow space to the radiating means; (vii) displacing the piston by an auxiliary fluid through the first part or the second part, as appropriate; (viii) sealing means for controlling the pressure in each circuit; A device characterized in that it includes a combination of a coke recovery device and a coke recovery device. (2) The auxiliary fluid hydraulic circuit (vii) comprises the only hydraulic circuit opening into a portion of the space between the movable piston and its housing, thus increasing or decreasing the pressure of the auxiliary fluid Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement can be induced and the device further comprises piston return means for returning the piston to its initial position when the pressure of the auxiliary fluid decreases. (3) The hydraulic circuit (vii) for the auxiliary fluid comprises two hydraulic circuits opening at separate points in the space between the movable piston and its housing, thus providing a If the pressure in one circuit is relatively increased or decreased, piston movement will be induced in one direction, and if the pressure in the second circuit is relatively increased or decreased compared to the pressure in the first circuit, the piston will move in the opposite direction. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a piston movement is induced to . (4) the flexible pipe has a superimposed layer including at least one plastic sealing sleeve and at least one frame consisting of a short-pitch helical winding to withstand internal pressure;
4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of at least one frame comprising at least two crossed windings of long pitch and resistant to tension and torsion. (6) At least a portion of the second part of the coke recovery device has a circular cross section and penetrates into an opening with a larger circular cross section in the first part of the coke recovery device. 5. Apparatus according to one of clauses 5 to 5. 7. According to one of claims 1 to 6, first a passage is formed in the petroleum coke bed by a substantially axial nozzle and then the coke is drawn off from the wall by a substantially lateral nozzle. How to use the described equipment.