JPH02217593A - Shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively excavate natural ground by a method in which a milling cutter board to be turned by a drive source fixed integrally with a cutter disc is provided in the space of its front eccentric position by positioning the cutting edge on the back of the cutter tooth. CONSTITUTION:A cutter disc 3 by a drive source 2 is provided on the front end of a skin plate 1, and a propusory jack 5 is provided in the rear side. A rotary cutter 31 for cutting natural ground is projectionally set on the front face 3c of the disc 3. A new segment is assembled between the jack 5 and a newly set pipe T2 to extend the pipe T2. A milling cutter board 33 by a drive source 34 fixed integrally to the disc 3 is provided in the space 3d on the eccentric position of the front face 3c of the disc 3 by lowering the tip of the cutting tooth 33a slightly backwards from the tip of the cutter 31. The abrasion of the reinforcing bar portion of the board 33 can thus be prevented.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] r Industrial Application Field 1 The present invention relates to a shield tunneling machine, and more specifically, it is used to excavate a new tunnel while sequentially removing existing underground pipes. This invention relates to a shield excavator that excavates through a ground where structures (hereinafter simply referred to as reinforced structures) are continuously present, while sequentially removing the subway reinforcement structures.

Conventional technology 1 When excavating a tunnel with a conventional mechanical shield excavator, if there is a reinforced structure underground, the mechanical excavation is interrupted at this location and the worker removes the bulkhead of the skin plate. or in front of the cutter disc, and removes reinforced structures by hand digging.

Furthermore, a rotary cutter (also referred to as a disk cutter) is conventionally known as a cutting blade that is suitable for successively crushing hard rocks such as rock to a predetermined depth.

Furthermore, as another conventional example, there is a cutting method of a shield tunneling machine called a planet cutting method, in which a cutter disk uses milling cutting teeth that rotate planetarily.

Problem to be solved by the invention 1 However, recently, reinforcing structures exist continuously underground, such as when renewing a sewer system, where existing underground pipes are sequentially removed and new underground pipes are constructed. New demands have arisen to excavate rock formations in conditions that are impossible to penetrate with conventional excavators and cutting blades.

In other words, in order to excavate the ground under the above conditions with a conventional shield excavator, it is best to use a rotary cutter as the cutting blade to excavate the concrete part that is the main component of a reinforced structure. Although it can be easily assumed that this rotary cutter is reliable and reliable, it cannot be expected to cut or crush highly tough reinforcing bars or steel frames (hereinafter simply referred to as reinforcing bars, etc.).

Therefore, we experimented with a planet cutting method that has cutting teeth with properties suitable for cutting reinforcing bars, etc., which are the most difficult to cut. Although cutting was possible, it was found that the cutting teeth were so severely worn that it was impossible to put it to practical use.

In other words, this method treats the entire ground being excavated as a strong structure made only of reinforcing bars, etc., and increases the speed of movement of the cutting teeth to cut thinly. Also, the frequency of contact with reinforcing bars, etc. is very high.
This means that it wears out faster.

In addition, conventional shield excavators with cutting teeth called toe cutters protruding from and fixed on a general cutter disk, or shield excavators with the roller cutter mentioned above, can be used to dig into the ground under these conditions. If forced excavation is performed, the concrete part of the reinforced structure can be cut or crushed, but the reinforcing bars can become entangled with the cutting teeth, become bent, or accumulate in front of the cutter disc, which must be manually removed periodically. It has been well known that unless removed, excavation becomes impossible and an accident in which the waste removal device becomes blocked occurs.

Purpose 1 Therefore, the present invention was made in view of the above, and when a reinforced structure is crushed with a relatively slow conventional rotary cutter, the concrete parts are crushed sequentially to a predetermined depth, and the reinforcing bars etc. are crushed from the cut surface of the concrete. We focused on the fact that when a rotary cutter passes through a cutting surface with protruding reinforcing bars, etc., the reinforcing bars, etc. are crushed or pushed in, and the rotary cutter passes over them. It is equipped with a rotary cutter that crushes concrete, and fast-moving cutting teeth that are suitable for thinly and finely cutting reinforcing bars that protrude from the cutting surface.By sharing the role of both cutting surfaces, the cutting teeth can be continuously cut with less wear and tear. The object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical shield excavator that can reliably cut reinforced structures.

Means for Solving Problems 1 In accordance with the above-mentioned object, the structure of the present invention, the gist of which is defined in the above-mentioned claims, solves the above-mentioned problems. Drive source 2 at the part
A shield excavation machine is constructed by providing a cutter disk 3 that rotates with a propelling jack 5 in the rear part of the skin plate I, and a rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground protruding from the front part 3c of the cutter disk 3. On the machine,
A milling machine 33 rotated by a milling drive source 34 fixed integrally with the cutter disc 3 is provided in the empty space 3d at an eccentric position of the front face 3c of the cutter disc 3, and the milling machine 33 is used for cutting. A technical measure is taken in which the tips of the teeth 33a are positioned behind the tips of the teeth of the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground.

r Effect j Therefore, when the shield excavator of the present invention excavates a place where a reinforcing structure is buried, first, the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground that protrudes most forward crushes the ground.

The rotary cutter 31 for ground crushing is pressed against the surface of the reinforcing steel structure by the pressing force of a propulsion jack, and when the cutter disk 3 is rotated, it rotates by itself and rotates with the rotation of the cutter disk 3. Crush the concrete part to a specified depth.

When the excavation progresses to the point where the reinforcing bars, etc. begin to be exposed on the surface, the concrete part is crushed to a certain depth, so the reinforcing bar part T1'' is cut out of the cut concrete part T1°, as shown in Figure 3. It will remain protruding from the surface.

Next, when the shield excavator is pushed forward by the propulsion jack to further excavate the cut surface from which the reinforcing bar part T1'' protrudes, the rotary cutter 31 for ground crushing further cuts the concrete part 1' of the reinforced structure. However, the protruding reinforcing bar TI'' part is locally crushed or bent as if being pushed in and passes over it.

In the above state, the cutting edge of the milling machine 33 located behind the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground
Since it comes into contact with the protruding reinforcing bar part T1'', the protruding reinforcing bar part T1'' is finely cut by this milling cutting machine 33, and this operation is continued to perform excavation while sequentially removing the reinforcing bar structure. It is.

Embodiment 1 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1J1 to 3.

The illustrated example is used to excavate underground while sequentially removing existing buried pipes, such as sewerage pipes, from downstream to upstream, and construct new buried pipes in newly excavated tunnels. , T1 is an existing buried pipe, and T2 is a new buried pipe constructed in a tunnel excavated by the shield excavator of the present invention.

In addition, in the figure, A is the main body of the shield tunneling machine, and B is stored in the existing buried pipe T1 in front of the main body A of the shield tunneling machine, and is pushed inside the existing buried pipe T1 as the main body A of the shield tunneling machine excavates. This is the leading bulkhead body.

A cutter disk 3 rotated by a drive source 2 is installed at the front end of the skin plate 1 of the shield tunneling machine main body A, and a propulsion jack 5 is installed at the rear of the skin plate 1. It is the same as the conventional shield excavator that a rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground is provided protruding from the front part 3c.

That is, the above-mentioned shield excavator main body A forms a new buried pipe T2 by assembling segments in the rear part of the skin plate 1, and uses this new buried pipe T2 as a reaction force receiver to extend the propulsion jack 5 to generate propulsive force. The cutter disk 3 is rotated while digging is carried out, and when the shield excavator main body A has traveled a predetermined distance, the propulsion jack 5 is returned to the original position, and the newly installed underground pipe T formed in the previous step is removed by the propulsion jack 5.
The process of assembling a new segment between T2 and extending the newly installed underground pipe T2 is repeated.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cutter disk 3 supports the outer periphery of its cutter disk drum 3a.
A so-called peripheral support method (more precisely, a mixed method with a central support method in which the central shaft 6 is rotatably supported by a bearing 7 fixed to the center portion of the partition wall 4) is used. An internal gear 8 is fixed to the rear of the cutter disk 3 via a cutter disk drum 3a, and a drive source 2 is fixed within the skin plate 1 (usually a plurality of drive sources 2 are fixed).

), the pinion 9 disposed on the drive shaft of this drive source 2 is arranged to mesh with the internal gear 8, and the internal gear 8 to the cutter disk 3 are rotated by this drive source 2. The method of supporting the cutter disk 3, the method of driving the cutter disk 3, and whether or not it is closed by the partition wall 4 are not limited to the illustrated example, and other conventionally known methods may be used. Furthermore, the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground used in the present invention may be a conventionally known one, and the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground may be
The cutter disks 31b, 31b, 31b, .
It is attached so that it can be rotated freely. It goes without saying that the tips of the teeth of the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground are designed to protrude from the front surface 3c of the cutter disk 3.The shield excavator of the present invention also has the eccentricity of the front surface 3c of the cutter disk 3. A milling machine 33 rotated by a milling drive source 34 fixed integrally with the cutter disk 3 is provided in the empty space 3d.

In the illustrated example, the part integrated with the cutter disc 3 refers to the inner surface part of the cutter disc drum 3a, and the milling drive source 34 is fixed to the cutter disc drum 3a. , the milling cutter drive source 34 may be fixed to the back surface of the front face part 3c (this front face part 3c can be a plate-like one in addition to the radial arm-like one shown in the illustrated example).

Then, the tooth tip of the cutting tooth 33a of the milling cutting machine 33 is set 3 to 3 from the tooth tip of the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground.
The distance between the tip of the cutting tooth 33a of this milling cutting machine 33 and the tip of the tooth of the rotary cutter 31 for ground crushing, which are positioned 20 mm behind, is shown by the symbol in FIG. If the reinforcing bar part TI'' is set to a large value, it will be cut by the milling cutting machine 33 after the reinforcing bar part TI'' has completely protruded from the concrete part TI', and in this state, the reinforcing bar part T1'' will be separated from the concrete part TI'. It is preferable not to make the distance larger than the diameter of the reinforcing bars, as it will be difficult to cut.Conversely, if this distance is set too small, the surface of the concrete part T1° will not be smooth, so the distance between the milling machine 33 and the concrete The frequency of contact with the part T1° increases and the wear of the milling cutting machine 33 increases, and furthermore, the crushing force of the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground decreases due to the pressure contact between the milling cutting machine 33 and the protruding reinforcing bar part T1°. Due to regulations, the experimental results show that the diameter is 3 mm.
The above method was most effective.

In this embodiment, a cylindrical body 10 is disposed penetrating the center portion of the cutter disk 3, and the tip of this cylindrical body 10 is housed in the existing buried pipe T1 and is used for excavation of the shield excavator main body A. The preceding partition body B, which is pushed through the existing buried pipe Tl, is connected via a rotary joint 53.

The above -mentioned octular wall body B is formed in a cross -sectional shape slightly smaller than the cross -sectional shape of the existing burial t1, and the outer peripheral surface of the preceding wall B is sealed 52,52.52 that seals the gaps with the existing burial tube T1. ... is installed. Note that this backing 52 reliably blocks sewage etc. flowing inside the existing buried pipe Tl, and as the shield excavator main body A excavates, the preceding bulkhead body B is pushed by the cylindrical body 10 and is pushed inside the existing buried pipe Tl. The strength is set to

The connecting portion between the preceding partition body B and the cylindrical body 10 is connected via a rotary joint 53 so that the preceding partition body B does not rotate even if the cylindrical body 10 rotates. B is provided with a communication hole 51 that communicates the cylindrical body 10 with the front side of the preceding partition body B. That is, although this preceding partition body B partitions off the existing buried pipe T1, it does not communicate with the cylindrical body 10 through this communication hole 51. In addition, as long as this communication hole 51 passes through the preceding partition body B, the tip of the cylinder 10 may pass through the preceding partition body B. In this case, the rotary joint 53 passes through the cylinder body 10. and the inner peripheral surface of the communication hole 51 of the preceding partition body B, or
A horizontal rotary cylinder that rotates while maintaining airtightness may be inserted through the preceding partition B, and the tip of the cylinder 10 may be fitted into the horizontal rotary cylinder.

Further, the rear end of the cylindrical body 10 passes through the gk wall 4 and communicates with the inside of the new buried pipe T2 constructed at the rear part of the partition wall 4.

The cylindrical body 10 may be fixed to the cutter disk 3 or the partition wall 4, but in the illustrated embodiment, the cylindrical body 10 is configured to also serve as a drive shaft of a screw conveyor 11 for conveying scraps. ing. Therefore, first, the cylinder 12 of the screw conveyor 11 is fixed through the partition wall 4, the cylinder 10 is housed concentrically within the cylinder 12, and the cylinder 10 is connected to the conveyor drive fixed to the cylinder 12. It is not rotated by the source 13. The tip of this cylinder 12 passes through the partition wall 4, is inserted into the central shaft 6 of the cutter disk 3, and is opened at the rear portion of the cutter disk 3. That is, the central shaft 6 of the cutter disk 3 is formed into a cylindrical shape, and its outer circumferential surface is supported by the inner circumferential surface of a bearing.

A waste flow hole 6a is opened in a part of the central shaft 6, and the waste excavated by the cutter disk 3 (including the reinforcing material cut by the price cutter 33) flows into the center shaft 6 from this inflow port 6a. The liquid then passes through the cylinder 12 and is discharged by the screw conveyor 11. Note that this embodiment uses an earth pressure type shield (actually, it is an earth pressure type limited mud shield, but other earth pressure type shields may be used), and the above-mentioned shear is caused by the mud pipe (not shown). It is discharged by the screw conveyor 11 together with the mud pumped into the chamber ahead of the partition wall 4, and a discharge adjustment device 15 is provided at the discharge port 14 provided at the rear end of the cylinder 12 of the screw conveyor 11.
The amount of pumped mud and the amount of discharge from the soil removal adjustment device 15 are adjusted to maintain a constant pressurized state in front of the partition wall 4 to protect the ground.

Further, the cylindrical body 10 (screw conveyor 11) may be fixed to the cutter disk 3 and rotated by the rotation of the cutter disk 3, that is, by the drive source 2, but the cutter disk 3 may be There are cases where the rotation speed and rotation direction need to be changed, and on the other hand, the screw conveyor! Since it is necessary to separately adjust the rotational speed or the amount of shedding depending on the properties of the cylindrical body, it is desirable that this screw conveyor 11 be rotated by a separate conveyor drive source 13. In this embodiment, the cylindrical body 1
When the tip of the cutter disk 3 passes through the cutter disk 3, it passes through the cutter disk 3 with some play.

In addition, after the rear end of this cylindrical body 10 passes through the gap g14, it may be guided appropriately to the downstream side (the opposite side to the advancing direction of f!!) using a drainage vibrator, but in this embodiment, water can be discharged. The rear end of this cylindrical body 10 is airtightly extended from the rear end of the cylinder 12 and connected to a drainage vibrator 17 via a rotary joint 16. In addition, it is desirable to interpose a drainage pump (not shown) in the middle of this drainage vibrator 17 so that the amount of drainage can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, a hydraulic motor is used as the milling cutter drive source 34, and an oil pipe 35 is connected to the milling cutter drive source 34.
, the oil drain pipe 36 is a flow path 35a buried in the central shaft 6, respectively.
36a, one end of each of these channels 35a, 36a is opened toward the inner surface of the bearing 7, and furthermore, on the inner surface of this bearing 7, from each opening of both channels 35a, 36a, there is a connection to the outer surface of the bearing 7. Grooved channels 3Sb and 36b are provided to communicate with the provided oil filler port 35c and oil drain port 38c, and the oil filler port 35c and oil drain port 36c, which are fixed parts, communicate with the milling cutter drive source 34, which is a rotating part. It will be done.

In addition, in the figure, 54 is a wall protection shoe, b is a bearing,
p indicates backing, and Pl indicates tail seal.

rEffect of the invention J The shield excavator of the present invention is as described above, and the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground crushes the concrete part TI'.
and a milling machine 33 for cutting the reinforcing bar part T1'', the concrete part T1' is crushed by the rotary cutter 31 for ground crushing, and the reinforcing bar part T1'' is crushed by the milling cutting machine 33. , it is possible to provide a shield excavator that sequentially and continuously removes continuous reinforced structures by this task.

The present invention also provides the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground.
is disposed on the cutter disk 3 and rotates together with the cutter disk 3 as in the conventional case, so this movement is relatively slow and suitable for crushing the concrete part TI', and the milling machine 33 rotates with the cutter disk 3. Since it is arranged in the empty part 3d at an eccentric position of the front part 3c, it rotates as a planet, so the rotation of the milling cutting machine 33 and the rotation of the cutter disk 3 are combined and move relatively quickly to cut the reinforcing bar part Tl''. Therefore, it is possible to provide a shield excavator suitable for both parties, which can crush and cut the ground efficiently.

Furthermore, the most important effect of the present invention is that the tip of the cutting teeth 33a of the milling machine 33 is located behind the tip of the tooth of the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground;
First, the concrete part TI' is crushed to a predetermined depth using the rotary cutter 31 for ground crushing, and the reinforcing bar part T1'' protruding from the surface of the concrete part TI' is cut by the milling cutting machine 33. 33 comes into contact with only the reinforcing bar part T1'' for cutting, so
It is possible to provide a shield excavator whose wear is most efficiently prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of the right half of the cutter disk used in the invention, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view immediately after cutting to explain the cutting action. It is. A~Shield excavator body 1~Skin plate
2 ~ Drive source 3 ~ Cutter disk 3c ~
Front part 3d~Empty part 5~Propulsion Jitsuki
31 ~ Rotary cutter a for crushing ground a ~ Cutting tooth 33 ~ Milling cutting machine 34 ~ Milling drive source 1 = 2fjJ Agent

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cutter disk 3 rotated by a drive source 2 is provided at the front end of the skin plate 1 of the shield tunneling machine main body A, and a propulsion jack 5 is provided in the rear of the skin plate 1.
Further, in a shield excavator in which a rotary cutter 31 for ground crushing is provided protruding from the front surface 3c of the cutter disk 3, the cutter A milling cutting machine 33 is provided which is rotated by a milling drive source 34 fixed integrally with the disc 3, and the tips of the cutting teeth 33a of the milling cutting machine 33 are placed behind the tips of the teeth of the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground. A shield excavator that is characterized by being able to be moved by positioning it.