JP2003013693A - Shield apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield apparatus that can reduce the load of a cutter bit and can make smooth the flow of earth and sand by increasing slit width for taking in a crushed object by a cutter into a chamber. SOLUTION: The shielding apparatus comprises a cutter face 26 being provided at the tip of a rotating inner drum 4b, and a plurality of cutters 28 mounted to the end face of the cutter face 26. In the shielding apparatus, face earth and sand is excavated by the rotation of the cutter face 26, and excavated earth and sand is taken inside through the gap between inner and outer drums 4b and 4a. A crushing mechanism 60 for fining the excavated earth and sand is provided between the outer and inner drums 4a and 4b on the rear of the cutter face 26.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield device suitable for excavating gravel ground or rock.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional shield device, a tunnel is used in a method of excavating the outer periphery of an existing tunnel structure and backfilling the removed part while removing the tunnel structure or constructing a new tunnel structure. A shield device for removal is known. Such a shield device includes a hollow cylindrical front trunk portion that surrounds the rear end of an existing tunnel structure and extends further rearward than the rear end edge of the tunnel structure, and is located behind the front trunk portion. And a rear body portion, and the front end portion of the front body portion is rotated to surround the ground for excavating the outer peripheral ground of the tunnel structure, the roller cutter, the shell bit, the leading bit, the tooth bit, An annular cutter provided with a plurality of types of cutter bits such as overbits is provided.

The shield device excavates the outer circumference of the existing tunnel structure by rotating the cutter while supplying muddy water to the face, and takes the excavated earth and sand into the chamber through the slit provided on the cutter face. The drilling sludge is discharged to the ground through the mud pipe.

[0004]

By the way, in such a conventional shield device for removing a cave, the backing material injected into the outer periphery of the existing tunnel structure and solidified is cut by the cutter together with the ground. Although it will be excavated, since a gap will be formed between the tunnel structure and the cutter, an unexcavated part of the solidified backfill material will occur on the back surface of the tunnel structure, and this unexcavated part will be It is excavated by a dug device such as a copy cutter provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter.

However, since the excavated solidified backing material is scraped into a flat block, it enters the chamber through the gap formed between the tunnel structure and the cutter, and therefore passes through the sludge pipe. There is a possibility that an undesired size may remain in the chamber, or it may get caught in the middle of the sludge discharge pipe and block it, resulting in defective sludge discharge.

In addition to the shield device for removing the cave,
Even with a general shield device, it is necessary to crush with a cutter to a particle size that allows the crushed material with a cutter to pass through a slit for taking it into the chamber, but especially for hard rock such as gravel ground and bedrock. When excavating, there is a problem that the load of the cutter bit is large and its wear is severe, and since it is necessary to crush with a cutter to a particle size that passes through the slit, there is also a problem that the excavation speed slows down. is there.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can prevent the drainage failure in the shield device for removing the cavern, and in general, the load of the cutter bit in the shield device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield device which can be made smaller and which makes the flow of earth and sand smooth by increasing the slit width for taking in the crushed material by the cutter into the chamber, and excels in excavation performance.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention excavates cutting face earth and sand by rotating a cutter face having a plurality of cutter bits on the end face provided at the tip of an apparatus main body, In a shield device adapted to take in excavated earth and sand through a slit formed in a cutter face, a shield device is provided on the back side of the cutter face, between a fixed part on the device body side and a rotary part on the cutter face side. It is characterized by being provided with a crushing mechanism for compressing the excavated earth and sand into fine particles.

In the present invention, the crushing mechanism may include a plurality of rotor blades fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating portion and a plurality of stator blades fixed to the inner circumference of the fixed portion, or the stator blades. Are attached to a swash plate inclined toward the front side at appropriate intervals, the stator blades are arranged only in the lower half of the main body of the apparatus, and the rotor blades support a plurality of cutter faces. It is preferably provided on the outer surface of the spoke.

The present invention is for removing a cavern used in a method of excavating the outer periphery of an existing tunnel structure and backfilling the removed part while removing the tunnel structure or constructing a new tunnel structure. It is suitable to be applied to a shield device.

[0011]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1,
FIG. 2 shows a case where the present invention is applied to a shield device for removing a cavern, which is used in a method of excavating the outer periphery of an existing tunnel structure and removing the tunnel structure while backfilling the removed portion. is there.

The shield device 1 for removing the cave in the figure is
For example, a hollow tubular front body part 4 that surrounds the rear end of an existing tunnel structure 3 formed by assembling a number of segments in a ring shape and extends further rearward than the rear end edge of the tunnel structure 3, A hollow tubular middle body 6 slidably fitted to the rear of the body 4, a rear body 8 slidably fitted to the rear of the middle body 6 and having a rear surface closed, and a structure 3 and a traction device 10 disposed in

The front body part 4, the middle body part 6 and the rear body part 8 are fitted in an airtight and slidable manner and their outer peripheral surfaces are in contact with the surrounding ground. 6, the middle body portion 6 and the rear body portion 8 are joined to each other by a plurality of center folding jacks 12 and thrust jacks 14 so as to be relatively movable.

The front side of the front body 4 has a double cylinder structure including a skin plate 4a serving as an outer body and a rotary sleeve 4b serving as an inner body. The rotary sleeve 4b is a rear portion of the front body 4. Which is connected to a hydraulic drive motor 24 arranged in
At the tip of the rotary sleeve 4b, as shown in FIG.
A roller cutter 28a, a shell bit or a preceding bit 28b, a tooth bit 28c, an overbit 2 to which a ring-shaped cutter face 26 is fixed and the outer peripheral ground of the structure 3 is fixed to the tip surface of the structure 3 in a predetermined arrangement.
Excavation is performed by a plurality of cutter bits 28 such as 8d. An appropriately set slit is formed between each cutter bit 28 and the cutter face 26, and the crushed material by the cutter bit 28 taken into the back surface of the cutter face 26 through this slit is crushed by a crushing mechanism 60 described later. Further, it is crushed into fine particles and then taken into the front body part 4.

In the present embodiment, the cutter bit 2
Unlike conventional shredding with only 8 cutter face 2
Since the crushing mechanism, which will be described later, provided on the back side of 6 crushes the crushed material by the cutter bit 28 into smaller pieces, the load of the cutter bit is reduced, wear is less likely to occur, and its life can be extended. Since the width of the slit can be made larger than the conventional one, the flow of crushed earth and sand can be made smooth, and the excavation performance of the entire device can be improved.

A plurality of backfill material injection pipes 30 are provided in the rear body portion 8, and the backfill material is injected and filled rearward from the rear end surface of the rear body portion. As the backfill material, it is possible to employ sand or a mixture of sand and air bubbles or a solidifying material. Further, reference numeral 32 in FIG. 1 denotes a filling exploration device capable of moving forward and backward from the rear body portion 8 and is used for checking the filling state of the backfill material.

A plurality of rolling prevention grippers 34, which can be retracted toward the surrounding ground, are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rear body portion 8.
Is provided. By projecting the rolling prevention gripper 34, it is possible to prevent the entire apparatus 1 from rolling due to its reaction force when the cutter face 26 rotates.

The traction device 10 is installed in the existing tunnel structure 3, and its tip is connected to the inner wall of the existing tunnel structure 3 at a distance of 20 to 30 m via a rod 36, and the entire device 1 is subjected to a reaction force to that portion. While pushing the arrow, it is appropriately propelled in the direction of the arrow. At the rear part of the towing device 10, a hollow sleeve 40 is arranged which is connected via a towing jack 38 so as to be able to move forward and backward.

The hollow sleeve 40 extends rearward along the center of the structure 3 and connects the rear connecting end 40a thereof to the front wall 8a of the rear body portion 8. A self-propelled erector 42 for exclusively dismantling and removing the segments of the structure 3 is arranged on the outer circumference of the hollow sleeve 40, and the segments are sequentially disassembled in the working space inside the front trunk portion 4. Has become.

A mud feed pipe 44 and a mud drain pipe 46 are arranged inside the hollow sleeve 40, and these are drawn out from the rear end of the hollow sleeve 40 into the space of the middle barrel portion 6, and the joint pipes 48, In a state of being folded back 180 ° via 50, the sludge is connected to a plurality of mud discharge pipes 52 and a mud suction pipe 54 which are piped along the inside of the skin plate 4a.
Then, the mud discharge pipe 52 and the mud suction pipe 54
By arranging the tip of the above in the back part of the cutter face 26, muddy water is supplied at the time of excavation and discharge of excavation mixture in which finely crushed crushed material and muddy water are mixed is performed.

In the shield device 1 described above, the crushing mechanism 60 described above is arranged on the back surface of the cutter face 26. As shown in detail in FIGS. 3 to 6, the crushing mechanism 60 is arranged between the tip ring 62 fixed to the tip of the rotary sleeve 3b and the cutter face 26, and both of them support the cutter face 26. A plurality of block-shaped spokes 64 each having a square cross-section, which are connected to each other,
A plate-shaped rotor blade 66 made of cemented metal fixed to the outer periphery of each spoke 64, and the tip ring 6
2, a ring-shaped lower fixing plate 68 fixed only to the inner lower half of the tip of the skin plate 4a,
A ring-shaped upper fixing plate 70 fixed to the inner upper half of the front end of the skin plate 4a, and a swash plate 72 whose rear end is fixed to the lower fixing plate 68 and whose front end is fixed to the front end of the skin plate 3a. , A stator blade 74 made of a superhard metal, which is arranged on the swash plate 72 at equal intervals, and a plurality of crushing chips 76 arranged at appropriate intervals on the inner peripheral portion of the lower fixing plate 70.

Then, the tip of the mud discharge pipe 52 penetrates through the upper fixing plate 70, and the tip of the mud discharge pipe 52 is cut by the cutter face 2.
It is located immediately after 6, and the tip of the sludge suction pipe 54 is located on the back surface of the lower fixing plate 68.

In the above structure, the upper and lower fixing plates 68, 7
The slit d formed between 0 and the tip ring 62 determines the crushed particle size by the cutter 28, and the crushed material crushed by the cutter 28 between the tip of the lower fixed plate 68 and the spoke 64 is further crushed into fine particles. .

That is, the large-diameter crushed material crushed by the cutter 28 is sent to the back surface side of the cutter face 26, enters between the spokes 64, and the lower half part is moved as the spokes 64 move in the rotation direction. In, in the gap between the front end surface of the swash plate 72 and each of the spokes 64, the rotor blade 66 and the stator blade 74 are crushed and crushed by being pinched between the rotating rotor blade 66 and the stator blade 74. In this state, the excavated waste mixed with the muddy water discharged from the mud discharge pipe 52 is sucked into the sludge suction pipe 54 in the chamber through the slit d and discharged. Further, when passing through the slit d, it comes into contact with the crushing tip 76 fixed to the inner surface of the lower fixing plate 68, whereby the crushing tip 76 is further crushed and atomized.

Further, if there is gravel that is not crushed by the crushing mechanism 60, it is discharged to the front of the apparatus through the swash plate 72, so that overload on the motor is also prevented.

In the above embodiments, the present invention is applied to a shield device for removing a cavern, which is used in a method of excavating the outer periphery of an existing tunnel structure and refilling the removed portion while removing the tunnel structure. The case of application is shown. In this case, the solidified backing material that remains on the back surface of the existing tunnel structure and is scraped off into a flat block by a copy cutter or the like is not the slit of the cutter face 26 but the tunnel structure and the cutter face 26. It enters the back side of the cutter face 26 through the gap of
This backing material is atomized by being pinched between the rotating rotor blade 66 and the stator blade 74, so that it may remain in the chamber or block the sludge suction pipe 54. It is possible to prevent defective drainage.

The shield device for removing the cavern is particularly suitable because the excavation sludge can be discharged only through the mud pipe, but it is needless to say that it can be applied to other shield machines in general.

[0028]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the shield device of the present invention, the crushing mechanism has a simple structure without providing a large and complicated crushing device, but is excavated by a cutter bit. Immediately after the cutter face, the crushed material can be crushed into finer particles by the crushing mechanism, so that it is possible to prevent defective drainage in the shield device for removing the cavern, and in the shield device in general, The load of the cutter bit can be reduced, and the width of the slit for taking in the crushed material by the cutter into the chamber can be increased to smooth the flow of sediment and provide a shield device with excellent excavation performance. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a shield excavation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

3 is a front sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part C in FIG.

5 is an enlarged view of part D in FIG. 1. FIG.

6A is a view as seen from an arrow E of FIG. 5, and FIG. 6B is a view as seen from an arrow F of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Shield device for cave removal 3 Existing tunnel structures 4 front body 4a Skin plate (outer body) 4b Rotating sleeve (inner body) 8 Rear trunk 26 Cutter face 28 cutter bits 30 Backfill material injection pipe (means) 52 Mud discharge pipe 54 Sludge suction pipe 60 crushing mechanism 62 Tip ring 64 spokes 66 rotor blade 72 Swash plate 74 Stator blade

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Yutaka Kuramochi             2-15-2 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd.             Obayashi Tokyo Main Office (72) Inventor Satoshi Obone             2-15-2 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd.             Obayashi Tokyo Main Office (72) Inventor Naoki Ueda             2-15-2 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd.             Obayashi Tokyo Main Office F term (reference) 2D054 AA05 AA06 AC02 AD02 AD17                       AD19 BA04 BA06 CA03 CA04                       CA07 DA13

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. The cutting face earth and sand is excavated by rotating a cutter face provided with a plurality of cutter bits on the end face of the apparatus body, and the excavated earth and sand is taken into the inside through a slit formed in the cutter face. In the shield device according to the present invention, a crushing mechanism is provided on the back side of the cutter face for pinching the excavated soil between the fixed part on the device main body side and the rotary part on the cutter face side for atomization. A shield device characterized by being provided. 2. The crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of rotor blades fixed to the outer circumference of the rotating portion and a plurality of stator blades fixed to the inner circumference of the fixing portion. The shield device described in. 3. The shield device according to claim 2, wherein the stator blades are attached to the swash plate inclined toward the front side at appropriate intervals. 4. The shield device according to claim 2, wherein the stator blade is arranged only in a lower half portion of the main body of the device. 5. The shield device according to claim 2, wherein the rotor blade is provided on an outer surface of a plurality of spokes supporting the cutter face. 6. Excavating the outer circumference of an existing tunnel structure,
6. A shield device for removing a cavern, which is used in a method of backfilling the removed part while removing the tunnel structure or constructing a new tunnel structure. Shield device.