JPH0221211A - Automatic level and distance measuring apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure a distance accurately by simple constitution by detecting light spread at a predetermined angle and measuring a distance on the basis of a light detection width. CONSTITUTION:The luminous flux spread at a predetermined angle theta from a light emitting part 1 is detected by the light detection part 3 of a light detection device stack 4 and the distance L2 between the stack 4 and the light emitting part 1 is determined from a light detection width d2. By this method, a distance can be accurately measured by simple constitution. Further, by emitting two lights from above and below, a distance, altitude difference, the height of the extension leg of the light detection part or the like can be also measured in the same way.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Use) The present invention relates to an automatic level and distance measuring device in, for example, civil engineering and construction work.

(Prior Art) A conventional distance measuring device of this kind is a device consisting of a laser emitting section, a device to which a light receiving section is attached to receive the light beam from the laser emitting section, and a device that measures the wave number of the sea 11 ahead. We also measure the triangular side by visual inspection.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in a device that measures the number of waves of laser light, the device itself becomes complicated. Additionally, visual triangulation has the problem of large errors.

The present invention was made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic level and distance measuring device that can perform accurate surveying with a simple device.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for solving the problem) Distance self of the invention of claim 1! The IJJ measurement equipment field has a light emitting part that emits light spread at a predetermined angle, a light receiving part that receives the light from this light emitting part, and a distance measurement based on the width of the light received by this light receiving part. and a detection section.

Distance Jisen meter 1111 of the invention of claim 2! In the device, the light spread at a predetermined angle is composed of two lights, an upper light and a lower light.

In the automatic level and distance measuring device according to the invention of claim 3, in the invention of claim 1 or 2, the light emitting part makes either the upper side or the lower side of the emitted light horizontal, and the detecting part makes the emitted light horizontal. It detects the upper or lower side of the horizontal plane and detects the difference in elevation.

The automatic level and distance measuring device according to the invention of claim 4 is according to the invention of claim 2, wherein the light receiving device having a light receiving section has an extension leg connectable to the lower part, and the detection section is connected to the extension leg. The difference in elevation is detected by adding the height of the extended legs.

The level and distance self-measuring device of the invention according to claim 5 includes:
A light emitting part that emits light that rotates at a constant speed in the horizontal direction, a light receiving part that receives light from the light emitting part, and a detecting part that measures distance based on the time of light received by the light receiving part. It is equipped with the following.

(Function) According to the first aspect of the invention, the light emitting section emits light spread at a predetermined angle, the light receiving section receives this light, and the detecting section measures the distance based on the width of the received light. In other words, the farther the distance, the wider the width of the light.

In the invention of claim 2, in the invention of claim 1, 1. It emits two lights, one on the side and one on the bottom.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the upper or lower horizontal side of the light emitted from the light emitting section is detected by the detecting section C, and the detecting section detects the altitude difference.

In the invention of claim 4, in the invention of claim 3, the extension leg can be connected to the light receiving device having the light receiving section, and when the extension leg is connected to the light receiving device, the height of the extension leg is detected by the detection section. In addition, the standard Pi difference is detected automatically.

In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the light emitting section emits horizontally rotating light, the light receiving section receives this light, and the detecting section measures the distance based on the time of the received light. In other words, the longer the distance, the shorter the time of light.

(Implementation W4) The automatic level and distance measuring device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a light emitting device as a light emitting unit, and this light emitting device 1 outputs laser light that spreads at a predetermined angle while rotating 360 degrees. A staff 4 as a light receiving device having a light receiving section 3 that receives the laser light from the light emitting section @1 at a distance.
is installed. At the bottom of this staff 4, as shown in FIG. 2, an extending leg 5 that increases the length of the staff 4 can be attached.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the light emitting device 1 emits light by a semiconductor laser element 11, and lenses 12, 13, and 14 are provided to make the diffused laser light parallel to the irradiation direction of the semiconductor laser element 11. It is arranged. Furthermore, a concave lens 15 is disposed in front of the lens 14 to set the parallel laser beam to a predetermined angular spread, and
A half mirror 16 is provided in front of this concave lens 15. A prism 17 is arranged in the direction in which the laser beam is reflected by this half mirror 16, and this prism 17 is configured to rotate around a [-tater 18 provided on this prism 17].

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the staff 4 has a power switch 21, a first display 22 that displays the light receiving state and measurement data, and a second display 23 that displays the number of data acquisitions. It is arranged. In addition, there is a Kisui Hatsume setting switch 24 for setting a reference point, a store switch 25 for storing data into memory, a printer switch 26 (not shown) for turning on/off the printer and feeding paper, which is removable by the staff 4, and a labor cost. A brightening switch 27 is provided.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the light receiving section 3 is equipped with an optical system made of, for example, IR Kitotsuchise (trade name: Ni-Tohoku Metals Co., Ltd.), which converts the 1F light consisting of infrared rays into visible light when it blocks visible light. An electric filter 34 includes a filter 31, a plurality of phototransistors 32 that are turned on and off by visible light from the optical filter 31, and light emitting diodes 33 that are lit in response to each of these phototransistors 32 being turned on. , and an amorphous silicon image sensor 35 which is a light receiving element that operates according to the lighting of the light emitting diode 33.

Next, the configuration of the detection section 40 provided inside the staff 4 will be explained.

Amorphous silicon 34 is amplified il! ! 41 and is connected to a parallel interface 42. This parallel interface 42 stores a random access memory (RAM) 44 for temporarily storing data via a path line 43, and methods for setting the average value, median value, variance value, standard deviation value, etc. Read-only memory (ROM') 45, RΔM44 and R
A central control unit (CPLI) 46 that reads out the contents of the OM 45 and performs screening and the like is connected to each of them. The parallel interface 42 further includes, via a drive circuit 47, a display device 48 consisting of a first display 22, a second display 23, etc., a detachable printer 49, and a memory for storing measured values, 31 measured values, etc. 50 are provided. Also, a switch 5 that detects attachment/detachment of the extension leg 5 and inputs attachment/detachment.
1 is connected to the parallel interface 42.

Next, 1] of the above embodiment will be explained.

First, the light emitting device 1 outputs a laser beam rotated by 360 degrees in the horizontal direction, and the light receiving section 3 of the light receiving device 4 receives the light.

In the light emitting device 1, the laser beam output from the semiconductor laser thread 11 is collimated by the lenses 12, 13, and 14, the spread angle of the irradiation is set by the concave lens 15, and the laser beam is parallelized by the half mirror 16.
Most of the sea 1F light is outputted through the prism 17. At this time (-prism 11 at evening 18
By rotating , the beam is rotated horizontally by 360 degrees.

In addition, in the light receiving section 3, the IR catch 1'/-31 converts the infrared light beam 11 into visible light, and this visible light turns on the phototransistor 32, thereby lighting up the light emitting diode 33. , the amorphous silicon image sensor 35 measures the light receiving position and the light receiving width. Note that the optical filter 31J3 and the electric filter 3
4, it almost completely blocks visible light, making measurements more accurate. Furthermore, the amorphous silicon image sensor 35 retains the received pulse of the laser light as a charge, and by removing the charge, it enters the state .b, and assumes the state for the next light reception.

The distance between the light emitting device 1 and the light receiving section 44 is measured as shown in FIG. 1. That is, since the vertical spread angle θ of the laser beam is known in advance, the irradiated lengths dl and d2 at the light receiving section 3
Accordingly, the distances L+ and L2 are determined based on the similarity relationship between the triangles. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the upper side of the laser beam is horizontal, and the lengths d, d2 are perpendicular to the upper side of the laser beam [
To measure the level at which the light is present, first, the light emitting device 1 is placed at an arbitrary point, and an rtiy point is set at a certain point, for example, point A shown in FIG. First, press the standard initial setting switch 24 (step ■), and then judge whether or not the laser beam is being received by the light receiving section 3 of the staff 4 (step ■). Turn on the lamp indicating the inside (step ■), set the reference point from the horizontal upper side of the LED light, and press the store switch 2.
If the store switch 25 is pressed, O or the altitude at that point is stored in the RMA 44 (step ■).

Note that the altitude of this reference point is not erased by turning off the power or the like, but only by resetting it.

Next, move the staff 4 to, for example, point B or point 0, calculate the altitude difference with the reference point, and add the altitude difference or the altitude difference and the altitude difference of the reference point stored in the RAM 44 to obtain the point. The altitude of is displayed on the display device 48 (step ■). Also, at this time, it is determined by the switch 51 whether the extension leg 5 has been removed or not (Step 2).If the extension leg 5 has been given the mounting number, the length of the extension leg 5 is subtracted. Display (step ■). Then switch 25.
26. Determine the state of 27 (step ■) and perform processing according to the state of the switch.

For example, regarding memory, first, as shown in Figure 8,
It is determined whether or not the store switch 25 has been pressed (step (2)). If the store switch 25 has been pressed, the measured data is stored in the RAM 44 (step (2)), and the number of measurements is displayed (step 0).

Regarding the calculation, as shown in FIG. 9, first, it is determined whether the calculation switch 27 is pressed or not.
When it is determined that the arithmetic switch 21 has been pressed, the fourth arithmetic is performed using the stored data (step o), and the result is displayed on the display device 48 or the like, and if the printer switch 26 is pressed, it is output on the printer or the like. (Step 0).

Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 10, reference numeral 61 denotes a semiconductor laser element, and this semiconductor laser element 61 constitutes the light emitting section 1.A half mirror 62 and a mirror 63 are provided in the irradiation direction of this F conductor laser element 61. reflects part of the light from the conductor laser element 61 and transmits a part of it, and the mirror 63 reflects the light transmitted by the half mirror 62.Then, the light is reflected by the half mirror 62 and the mirror 63. A prism 64 is provided in the direction in which the prism 64 is rotated by a motor 65.

Then, the half mirror 62 and the mirror 63 are rotated.
The two beams of light spread by a predetermined angle of 0 are emitted.

According to the above embodiment, the light spread at a predetermined angle is composed of two beams, and the diffusion of the light itself is very small, making it possible to measure long distances.

Furthermore, other embodiments will be described with reference to FIG. 11 1i3 and FIG. 12. A device for determining the circumference and measuring distance based on the time it takes for light to cross the light receiving element 71 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 12 (2), the light receiving element 71 has a width of 8, or as shown in FIG. And so.

Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the light is rotated horizontally at a constant speed. The time it takes for the light-receiving element 11 to cross the point A is measured.

If the width of the light-receiving element is A and the number of rotations is N, then the distance w1r can be found as shown in Fig. 11, and as the distance becomes better,
Crossing time will be shorter.

In any of the above embodiments, if the - degree reference point is memorized, it is possible to calculate the elevation difference between the reference point and the reference point at any point, and -b indicates the distance between the arbitrary point and the reference point. Can be measured simultaneously.

Further, since the optical filter 31 and the electric filter 34 are provided, the amorphous silicon image sensor 35 that is sensitive only to visible light (wavelength 540 nm to 600 nm) can be used for laser light.

In addition, it is not limited to the case where the −L side of the laser beam is made horizontal; it is also possible to make the lower side horizontal and measure the lower side of the laser beam with the light receiving section 3. Furthermore, an I1e-Ne gas laser can also be used as the laser beam.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the invention of feature item 1, the light emitting part emits light spread at a constant angle, and the distance is measured based on the width of the light received by the light receiving part, so 1! ! Positive VrI temperature measurement can be performed with a simple device.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, by combining the upper light and the lower light, it is possible to eliminate the diffusion of light, and therefore it is possible to perform measurements over longer distances.

According to the third aspect of the invention, by making the upper side or upper side of the emitted light horizontal, it is possible to measure not only the distance but also the difference in elevation.

According to the invention of claim 4, En Lu1I! By connecting L and automatically adjusting the length of this extension leg, it is possible to conduct four measurements in cylinder B at 41 locations with height differences.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the light emitting part emits light that rotates with a constant rotation in the horizontal direction, and the distance is measured based on the light received by the light receiving part, making it easy! 1! With a device n', fi
A v<r survey can be performed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the level and distance self-v1 measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention when measuring distance, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of measuring the altitude difference as above, and Fig. 3 is the same as above. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the light emitting part, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the staff as above, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the light receiving part of the staff as above, FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the inside of the staff as above, and FIG. 9 to 9 are measurement flowcharts, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the light emitting section of another embodiment, FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram when measuring distance in another embodiment, and FIG. 12 is the light receiving section of the same. FIG. 1. Light emitting section, 3. Light receiving section, 4. Staff serving as a light receiving device, 5. Extension leg. Neddy hard

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A light emitting part that emits light spread at a predetermined angle, a light receiving part that receives light from this light emitting part, and a detection part that measures distance based on the width of the light received by this light receiving part. An automatic distance measuring device characterized by comprising: (2) There are two types of light spread at a given angle: upper light and lower light.
2. The automatic distance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is constituted by the light of a book. (3) The light emitting part horizontalizes either the upper or lower side of the emitted light, and the detection part detects the horizontal upper or lower side of the light to detect an altitude difference. The automatic level and distance measuring device according to claim 1 or 2. (4) The light receiving device having a light receiving section is characterized in that an extension leg can be connected to the lower part thereof, and when the extension leg is connected, the detection section detects an altitude difference by adding the height of the extension leg. The automatic level and distance measuring device according to claim 3. (5) A light emitting part that emits light that rotates at a constant speed in the horizontal direction, a light receiving part that receives light from this light emitting part, and a distance being measured based on the time of light received by this light receiving part. An automatic level and distance measuring device characterized by comprising a detection section.