JPH0220833B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0220833B2 JPH0220833B2 JP59066258A JP6625884A JPH0220833B2 JP H0220833 B2 JPH0220833 B2 JP H0220833B2 JP 59066258 A JP59066258 A JP 59066258A JP 6625884 A JP6625884 A JP 6625884A JP H0220833 B2 JPH0220833 B2 JP H0220833B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water turbine
- water
- guide vane
- opening
- starting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
- F03B15/005—Starting, also of pump-turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Water Turbines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は発電機を使用する水力発電用水車の起
動方法の改良に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improved method for starting a water turbine for hydroelectric power generation using a generator.
一般に電力系統においては、第１図に示すよう
に送電線１に水車６と連結した発電機２が複数設
置されており、この発電機２と送電線１との間に
速度リレー３を介装して送電線１と発電機２とを
接続あるいは遮断する所謂並列投入を行うように
なつている。 Generally, in a power system, as shown in Fig. 1, a plurality of generators 2 connected to a water turbine 6 are installed on a power transmission line 1, and a speed relay 3 is interposed between the generators 2 and the power transmission line 1. The power transmission line 1 and the generator 2 are connected or disconnected in a so-called parallel connection.
ところで、発電機２が誘導発電機を用いるもの
である場合、誘導発電機の特性により並列投入時
の電力系統に生ずるシヨツクを少なくするため
に、誘導発電機を同期回転数まで増速させるよう
に速度制御を行いながら起動して並列投入を行つ
ていた。なお、誘導発電機の場合の起動とは並列
投入が完了した時点を定義している。 By the way, when the generator 2 uses an induction generator, in order to reduce the shock that occurs in the power system when parallel connection is made due to the characteristics of the induction generator, it is recommended to increase the speed of the induction generator to the synchronous rotation speed. It started up and made parallel injections while controlling the speed. Note that in the case of an induction generator, startup is defined as the point in time when parallel input is completed.
以下、従来の誘導発電機２を駆動する水車の起
動方法を説明する。この従来の方法は、第２図に
示すように、上水槽４と放水槽５との間に設けら
れた水車６をガイドベーン７の開閉で調速するも
ので、まず第３図に示す開度設定器１１によつて
ガイドベーン開度を決めて水車６を回転させ、発
電機２の回転数が同期速度近傍になつてから第５
図に示すように、ガイドベーン駆動回路８とガイ
ドベーン駆動機構９を速度設定部１３、速度検出
部１４、加算器１５、コントローラ１６で水車６
の回転数が誘導発電機の同期回転数となるように
制御して、誘導発電機が同期速度で回転している
状態で前記速度リレー３を接続して並列投入して
起動を完了するようにしていた。 Hereinafter, a conventional method for starting a water turbine that drives an induction generator 2 will be described. In this conventional method, as shown in FIG. 2, the speed of a water wheel 6 provided between a water tank 4 and a water discharge tank 5 is controlled by opening and closing guide vanes 7. The degree setting device 11 determines the opening degree of the guide vane, rotates the water turbine 6, and after the rotation speed of the generator 2 reaches around the synchronous speed, the fifth
As shown in the figure, a guide vane drive circuit 8 and a guide vane drive mechanism 9 are connected to a water turbine 6 by a speed setting section 13, a speed detection section 14, an adder 15, and a controller 16.
The rotational speed of the induction generator is controlled so that it becomes the synchronous rotational speed of the induction generator, and the speed relay 3 is connected and connected in parallel with the induction generator rotating at the synchronous speed to complete the startup. was.
この従来の起動方法では、上水槽水位HWLが
極端に低下した場合、無負荷開度では水車が同期
回転数近傍に達せずガバナ１７による制御に移行
出来ず、起動を完了することができないという問
題が発生する。 This conventional startup method has the problem that if the water tank water level HWL drops extremely, the water turbine cannot reach near the synchronous rotation speed at no-load opening and cannot shift to control by the governor 17, making it impossible to complete startup. occurs.
次に、同期発電機を用いた水力発電設備の起動
方法においても、同期発電機の起動とは同期発電
機の回動数が同期速度となり設定電圧が発生して
いる状態を定義しているのであるが、上水槽水位
が変化したり、極端に低下した場合には上述と同
様の不具合が発生していた。 Next, in the method of starting up hydroelectric power generation equipment using a synchronous generator, starting a synchronous generator is defined as a state in which the number of revolutions of the synchronous generator reaches the synchronous speed and a set voltage is generated. However, when the water level in the water tank changes or drops significantly, problems similar to those described above occur.
しかも、ガバナ１７を構成する速度設定部１
３、速度検出部１４、コントローラ１６はきわめ
て高価につくものであつた。 Moreover, the speed setting section 1 constituting the governor 17
3. The speed detection section 14 and the controller 16 are extremely expensive.
これらの不具合は水車の起動を開度設定器１１
とガバナ１７によつて二段階に回転数制御を行つ
ている為に発生していた。 These defects can be caused by the opening setting device 11 when starting the water turbine.
This occurred because the rotation speed was controlled in two stages by the governor 17.
本発明が解決すべき技術的課題は、水車の回転
数が静落差と水車のガイドベーンあるいは入口弁
の開度との関係によつて一義的に決まることを利
用し、安価な装置により、上水槽水位が変化した
り、極端に低下した場合でもスムースに起動でき
る水力発電用水車の起動方法を提供する点にあ
る。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to utilize the fact that the rotational speed of a water turbine is uniquely determined by the relationship between the static head and the opening degree of the guide vane or inlet valve of the water turbine, and to achieve high performance using an inexpensive device. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for starting a water turbine for hydroelectric power generation that can be started smoothly even when the water level of a water tank changes or drops extremely.
この技術的課題を解決するために講じる技術的
手段は、水車起動時および無負荷運転時に必要な
水車回転数を得るための、上水槽と放出槽間の静
落差に対する水車のガイドベーンおよび水車入口
弁の開度特性をあらかじめ関数発生器に設定して
おき、前記水車の入口圧を検出してその検出信号
を前記関数発生器に入力し、前記関数発生器にお
いて、前記検出信号と関数発生器に設定された開
度特性から、検出信号に対応する水車のガイドベ
ーンまたは水車入口弁の水車起動時あるいは無負
荷運転時の開度を算出し、この算出結果に基づい
て前記ガイドベーンまたは水車入口弁の開度を設
定するものである。 The technical measures taken to solve this technical problem are the guide vane of the water turbine and the water turbine inlet for the static head difference between the upper water tank and the discharge tank in order to obtain the required number of rotations of the water turbine at startup and no-load operation. The opening characteristic of the valve is set in advance in a function generator, the inlet pressure of the water turbine is detected and the detection signal is input to the function generator, and the function generator combines the detection signal and the function generator. From the opening characteristics set in This is to set the opening degree of the valve.
これによつて、水車が受けるエネルギを静落差
すなわち水車入口圧で検出して、この検出信号に
よりガイドベーンの起動開度及び無負荷開度を関
数発生器によつて決めて水車を起動し、並列投入
を行える同期回転数まで増速した水車の起動を行
う。 By this, the energy received by the water turbine is detected by the static head difference, that is, the water turbine inlet pressure, and based on this detection signal, the starting opening and no-load opening of the guide vanes are determined by the function generator, and the water turbine is started. The water turbine is started with the speed increased to a synchronous rotation speed that allows parallel input.
したがつて、前記技術的課題は解決され、たと
え上水槽の水位が低下した場合でも、誘導発電機
あるいは同期発電機を並列投入できる同期回転数
まで増速して起動を行い、並列投入時に系統に発
生するシヨツクを防止することができる。また、
従来のように構造が複雑で高価なガバナを必要と
しない。 Therefore, the above technical problem has been solved, and even if the water level in the water tank drops, the induction generator or synchronous generator can be started by increasing the speed to the synchronous rotation speed that allows parallel connection, and when parallel connection is applied, the system It is possible to prevent shocks that may occur. Also,
There is no need for a complicated and expensive governor like in the past.
以下、第４図、第６図ないし第９図を参照して
本発明の実施例を説明する。尚、図中で第１図な
いし第３図、第５図と同一符号で示したものは同
一あるいは相当部分を示している。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6 to 9. In the drawings, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 indicate the same or corresponding parts.
第４図中１８は水車入口圧検出器であつて、こ
の水車入口圧検出器１８は誘導発電機２を駆動す
る水車６に流入する流入水の水車入口における圧
力を検出するものである。この水車入口圧検出器
１８での検出値をＰ、水車入口と放水槽水位
LWLとの水頭差をＳ、静落差をΔHとすると
ΔH＝Ｐ＋Ｓ ……
となり、式において水頭差Ｓは一定であるので
検出値値Ｐを得れば静落差ΔHは容易に算出し得
る。 Reference numeral 18 in FIG. 4 is a water turbine inlet pressure detector, and this water turbine inlet pressure detector 18 detects the pressure at the water turbine inlet of inflow water flowing into the water turbine 6 that drives the induction generator 2. The detected value by this water turbine inlet pressure detector 18 is P, the water level of the water turbine inlet and the water tank
If the water head difference with LWL is S and the static head difference is ΔH, then ΔH=P+S... In the formula, the water head difference S is constant, so if the detected value P is obtained, the static head difference ΔH can be easily calculated.
そして、水車入口圧検出器１８からの出力は第
６図に示すように、関数発生器１９に送出される
ようになつている。この関数発生器１９にはガイ
ドベーン７の開度条件として、水車起動時および
無負荷運転時に必要な水車回転数を得るための第
７図に示すような静落差ΔHに対する開度Ｋの特
性を示す起動開度曲線２１および無負荷開度曲線
２２が予め設定されている。 The output from the water turbine inlet pressure detector 18 is sent to a function generator 19 as shown in FIG. This function generator 19 has the characteristics of the opening K with respect to the static head ΔH as shown in FIG. A starting opening curve 21 and a no-load opening curve 22 are set in advance.
これら起動開度と無負荷開度の関係は第８図に
示すように、ガイドベーン７の開度が図中二点鎖
線で示す無負荷開度よりも一点鎖線で示す起動開
度の方が大きく設定されている。 The relationship between the starting opening degree and the no-load opening degree is as shown in FIG. It is set large.
このような両開度曲線２１，２２に基づいて関
数発生器１９は起動時あるいは無負荷時に対応し
たガイドベーン７の開度を算出して、算出結果を
加算器２０に正値信号として送出するようになつ
ている。この加算器２０にはガイドベーン駆動機
構９からのフイードバツク信号が負値信号として
入力されており、加算器２０は両入力信号を加算
して算出結果をガイドベーン駆動回路８に送出す
るようになつている。 Based on such double opening curves 21 and 22, the function generator 19 calculates the opening of the guide vane 7 corresponding to startup or no-load, and sends the calculation result to the adder 20 as a positive value signal. It's becoming like that. A feedback signal from the guide vane drive mechanism 9 is input as a negative value signal to the adder 20, and the adder 20 adds both input signals and sends the calculated result to the guide vane drive circuit 8. ing.
ガイドベーン駆動回路８は入力信号に基づいて
ガイドベーン駆動機構９を制御する駆動信号を出
力しガイドベーン７の開度制御を行うようになつ
ている。 The guide vane drive circuit 8 outputs a drive signal for controlling the guide vane drive mechanism 9 based on the input signal, thereby controlling the opening degree of the guide vane 7.
このような実施例方法の作用を説明する。まず
水車の起動指令が第９図の時間ｔで出力される
と、関数発生器１９は前記起動開度曲線２１に基
づいてガイドベーン７の開度信号を出力する。こ
のときガイドベーン駆動機構９はガイドベーンを
ガイドベーン開度特性２３に示すように、無負荷
時より大きな開度ｋに調整し短時間で水車６を起
動する。やがて、時間ｔで水車６の回転数は回転
数曲線２４に示すように、ｒとなり水車の起動が
確認され、一方ガイドベーンは開度ｋまで開くこ
とになる。 The operation of such an embodiment method will be explained. First, when a water turbine starting command is output at time t in FIG. 9, the function generator 19 outputs an opening signal for the guide vane 7 based on the starting opening curve 21. At this time, the guide vane drive mechanism 9 adjusts the guide vane to a larger opening k than when no load is applied, as shown in the guide vane opening characteristic 23, and starts the water turbine 6 in a short time. Eventually, at time t, the rotational speed of the water turbine 6 becomes r, as shown in the rotational speed curve 24, and the activation of the waterwheel is confirmed, while the guide vane opens to the opening degree k.
そして、水車６の起動が確認されると関数発生
器１９は無負荷開度曲線２２に基づいてガイドベ
ーンの開度信号を出力し、ガイドベーンの開度は
開度ｋまで減少し、水車の回転数は前記同期回転
数ｒに収束する。この同期回転数ｒで水車が回転
を続けていることが時間ｔで確認されると、前記
速度リレーを接続して並列投入が行われる。 When the startup of the water turbine 6 is confirmed, the function generator 19 outputs a guide vane opening signal based on the no-load opening curve 22, and the guide vane opening decreases to the opening k, and the water turbine The rotation speed converges to the synchronous rotation speed r. When it is confirmed at time t that the water turbine continues to rotate at this synchronous rotation speed r, the speed relay is connected and parallel input is performed.
なお、本発明は以上の実施例に限定されるもの
ではない。例えば水車はガイドベーンによつて回
転数を制御されるものに限らず、水車入口弁の開
度によつて回転数を制御されるものでもよい。 Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the rotation speed of a water turbine is not limited to one whose rotation speed is controlled by a guide vane, but may be one whose rotation speed is controlled by the opening degree of a water turbine inlet valve.
第１図は電力系統の構成図、第２図は水力発電
設備の概略構成図、第３図、第５図は従来の水車
起動方法を実施する装置の構成図、第４図、第６
図ないし第９図は本発明の実施例を示す図で、第
４図は水力発電設備の概略構成図、第６図は水車
起動方法を実施する装置の構成図、第７図はガイ
ドベーンの開度条件を示す特性図、第８図は無負
荷開度と起動開度の説明図、第９図はガイドベー
ンの開度および水車の回転数を示す特性図であ
る。
１８……水車入口圧検出器、１９……関数発生
器、２１……起動開度曲線、２２……無負荷開度
曲線。
Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of the power system, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the hydroelectric power generation equipment, Figures 3 and 5 are configuration diagrams of equipment that implements the conventional method of starting a water turbine, and Figures 4 and 6.
9 to 9 are diagrams showing embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydroelectric power generation facility, FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a device for carrying out a method for starting a water turbine, and FIG. 7 is a diagram of a guide vane. FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing the opening degree conditions, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the no-load opening degree and starting opening degree, and FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing the opening degree of the guide vane and the rotation speed of the water turbine. 18...Hydraulic turbine inlet pressure detector, 19...Function generator, 21...Start-up opening curve, 22...No-load opening curve.
Claims (1)
設備において、 水車起動時および無負荷運転時に必要な水車回
転数を得るための、上水槽と放出槽間の静落差に
対する水車のガイドベーンおよび水車入口弁の開
度特性をあらかじめ関数発生器に設定しておき、 前記水車の入口圧を検出してその検出信号を前
記関数発生器に入力し、 前記関係発生器において、前記検出信号と関数
発生器に設定された開度特性から、検出信号に対
応する水車のガイドベーンまたは水車入口弁の水
車起動時あるいは無負荷運転時の開度を算出し、 この算出結果に基づいて前記ガイドベーンまた
は水車入口弁の開度を設定する ことを特徴とする水力発電用水車の起動方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. In a hydroelectric power generation facility in which a water wheel is provided between the water tank and the discharge tank, static control between the water tank and the discharge tank is required to obtain the required number of revolutions of the water turbine at the time of starting the water turbine and during no-load operation. The opening characteristic of the guide vane of the water turbine and the water turbine inlet valve with respect to the head is set in advance in a function generator, the inlet pressure of the water turbine is detected and the detection signal is inputted to the function generator, and the relation generator From the detection signal and the opening characteristic set in the function generator, calculate the opening of the guide vane or inlet valve of the water turbine corresponding to the detection signal at the time of starting the water turbine or during no-load operation, and calculate the result of this calculation. A method for starting a water turbine for hydroelectric power generation, characterized in that the opening degree of the guide vane or the water turbine inlet valve is set based on.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59066258A JPS60209669A (en) | 1984-04-03 | 1984-04-03 | Starting of water turbine for hydraulic electric power generation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59066258A JPS60209669A (en) | 1984-04-03 | 1984-04-03 | Starting of water turbine for hydraulic electric power generation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60209669A JPS60209669A (en) | 1985-10-22 |
| JPH0220833B2 true JPH0220833B2 (en) | 1990-05-10 |
Family
ID=13310651
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59066258A Granted JPS60209669A (en) | 1984-04-03 | 1984-04-03 | Starting of water turbine for hydraulic electric power generation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60209669A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63183272A (en) * | 1987-01-21 | 1988-07-28 | Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Starting device of hydraulic turbine generator |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49104043A (en) * | 1973-02-10 | 1974-10-02 |
-
1984
- 1984-04-03 JP JP59066258A patent/JPS60209669A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49104043A (en) * | 1973-02-10 | 1974-10-02 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60209669A (en) | 1985-10-22 |
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