JPH02204578A - Method for avoiding quake of structure using quake avoiding device and quake damping device and structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a quake avoiding function and a quake damping function and limit the damage at the time of earthquake to the minimum by multiply providing quake avoiding devices, quake damping devices, and an additional object for quake avoiding and reducing the magnification of acceleration response as far as possible. CONSTITUTION:Quake avoiding devices 2, quake damping devices, and an additional object 4 for quake avoiding are multiply provided. This construction is attained by such methods as: the additional object 4 for quake avoiding is installed on a structure 3 on which the quake avoiding devices 2 are installed; the quake avoiding devices 2 and the layers of the structure 3 are alternately arranged multiply; the quake avoiding devices 2 are provided between each layer of the structure 3 having quake damping walls 5, and the like. Thereby, the magnification of acceleration response on each portion of a structure body 6 can be reduced as far as possible.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] The purpose of this invention is to minimize damage to lives and property during an earthquake, and to provide a method of constructing a structure and a structure for achieving this purpose. relating to things.

[Industrial application field]

Currently, it is said that an earthquake could occur at any time in the Tokai, Sagami Bay, and off the coast of Fukushima. Therefore, earthquake prediction has become a problem. However, even if earthquake prediction became possible, [
In the case of the southern Kanto region, if it is announced that the Great Southern Kanto Earthquake will occur in two days.

It is obvious that millions of people will be shaken up and chaos will result in traffic and information.

Therefore, while earthquake prediction is important, it is even more important to be prepared to respond safely even if an earthquake occurs. The same goes for ordinary houses and buildings, but especially nuclear power plants, telephone offices, and major surgeries? hospitals, laboratories that handle pathogens, ultra-precision processing factories, and highly toxic substances? This includes places where fuel is handled and bulk fuel storage facilities. Is this invention applicable to that field? It is something you have.

[Conventional technology]

Therefore, seismic isolators and vibration damping devices are currently attracting attention. First, regarding seismic isolators, they consist of laminated rubber as an isolator (vibration prevention device) and a damper (vibration damping device).
Lead ingots and curved steel rods are beginning to be used, and they are generally used in combination between foundations and structures.

The limit is to set the (structure/foundation) to 1/3 to 115.

Another thing that is attracting attention is the vibration control device.

An example of this is the provision of an appendage to a part of a structure. An example of this is the water-based vibration damping device [Super Slofing Damper (SSDJ)] developed by Shimizu Corporation. This method involves filling an SSD with approximately 0.3% of the building's approved weight of water and installing it in a structure.

Another example is byproduct walls. For example, it was developed by Sumitomo Construction IV. Viscoelastic material on the wall? Another example is the by-product wall.

Another example is how a structure is equipped to respond to earthquakes? One example of such a system is the balanced vibration damping construction method developed by Kajima Corporation■.

There are various other methods, but the one thing that can be said about all of them is that the acceleration response magnification is 173 to 115.
That is to say.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

This invention is based on earthquake acceleration response magnification (structure/foundation)
The problem to be solved is how to make k, t/lo to 1/100.

[Issues and means to solve them]

The light bulb invented by Edison used a single filament. This is dark. However, light bulbs using a single filament wound in a spiral shape are bright. Furthermore, filament wound in a spiral shape? Furthermore, bulbs made from spiral-wound bulbs are even brighter. This is a multiple effect.

Closing the glass windows reduces the noise from outside.

The sound is even quieter when the windows are double glazed. It's a multiple effect. When it's cold with one shirt on, you can keep warm by wearing another one. You can also get warmer by wearing a sweater. This is also a multiple effect. Applying this multiplexing method to seismic isolation is the means to solve the problem.

〔Example〕

An example will be explained with reference to the figures.

(First example) In Figure 1, l is the foundation, 2 is the seismic isolator (isolator or damper, or a combination of both), 3 is the structure,
4 is an addition provided to the structure 3.

It is 1/3 to 115. Do not listen to examples where the value is less than 115.

The answer magnification is 1/3 to 115. In cases where the temperature drops below 115, it cannot be ignored, and in this case, it can reach the foundation of the structure and cause major damage.

There is no doubt that it will be less than (1/3 to 115).

(Second example) In Figure 2, a seismic isolator 2 is installed on base #1, a structure 3 is built on the seismic isolator 2, and a rebate wall 5 is provided on the structure 3. be.

is from 1/3 to 115, and the floors above it show the structure 6 of the structure.

In other words, this structure 6 is the [configuration of the invention].

This is a seismic isolation structure that incorporates the multiplexing method explained in [Means for solving the problem].

In the first and second examples, the problem is resonance, but
Since this is a problem at the design stage, we will omit it here.

(Third example) In FIG. 3, 6 is a structure. This structure 6 is
The structure 3 is placed on top of the seismic isolator 21 installed on the base [1]. tζ on top of this structure 3□, and then install it on the seismic isolator 2□, and then build structure 3□ on top of the seismic isolator 2゜, and so on. If you think about it simply, the entire floor/foundation constructed by multiplexing 3n fortune-telling differences is as follows: 3□ case...1/3~1153□ case...1/9~ In the case of 1/2533...
・In the case of 1/27~work/7534...1/8
The 1 to 1/375 magnification also holds true even when the number n of the seismic isolator 2n or the structure 3n is not thick, but is as small as (1/2 to 1/3).

(Fourth Example) FIG. 4 shows a modification of the one explained in FIG. 3. A seismic isolator 2.1 is installed on the foundation 1, and a structure 3 is installed on top of it.
Build this structure 3. It goes without saying that the appropriate pressure for Therefore, the structure is 6ft.
When you think about it, it goes without saying that the structural response magnification will also become smaller.

(Fifth example) Is Figure 5 a variation of the one explained in Figure 3? This is what is shown. A seismic isolator 2□ is installed on the foundation 1, a structure 3□ with a rebate wall 51 is constructed on top of the seismic isolator 2□, and a seismic isolator 2 is further installed on top of this structure 3□. □ and its seismic isolator 2
A relic 3□ with a rebate wall 52 is further constructed on top of □, and in this way, a seismic isolator 2n and a structure 3n with a rebate wall 5n are alternately multiplexed to form a structure 6. It was constructed as follows. In other words, did you explain it in the third example? 1liilX body 6 structure 3n, rebate wall 5. It has been established. Therefore, it is natural to think that it has the same action and effect as the third example.

Further, in this fifth example, a rebate wall 5n is added to the structure 3n of the third example.
has been added. Therefore, each structure 3n and above is an explanation of the seismic isolation method of a structure using a seismic isolator and a seismic damping device, and the seismic isolation structure.

[Seismic isolation structures installed inside and outside the structure] As a practical matter, when constructing a building with 10 to 20 floors, 3 to 5
It is common to build floors.

Therefore, when building up to 5 floors underground, the seismic isolator 21 is placed on the foundation 1? and built a fifth floor underground.

A seismic isolator 22 is installed on top of it, and 4 underground fI
l) is at least smaller than 1150, and can escape from the threat of earthquakes.

In that case, there will be a gap between the structure and the ground, so
Having communication there as a passageway will give you peace of mind.

(Sixth Example) FIGS. 6A and 6B are conceptual cross-sectional views showing the relationship between the earth, structures, and interconnections. In diagram A, 9 is earth, 1
0 is a connecting object, and 11 is a gap for the structure 3 to swing. One end 101 of the connecting object 10 is fixed on a seismic isolator 21 fixed to a part of the structure 3, and the other end 102 is
It is fixed on a seismic isolator 22 fixed to the earth 9.

In other words, the connecting object 10 is a passage connecting the earth and the structure 3.

Here, if we look at the movement of communication object 10 during an earthquake, we can see that communication object 10
Since there are seismic isolators 2 on both sides of 0, the acceleration of the vibration of the connecting object 10 will be 1/2 of that of 5 Taiji, assuming that of the structure 3 to be zero.

However, since the vibration acceleration of the passage connecting member 10 is 1/2, it is directly transmitted to the structure 3. Measures to reduce this are shown in Figure 6B, which is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of Figure A.
It is a diagram.

Of the 5 connecting items, the connecting items 10 on both the left and right ends are.

Each is fixed to the earth 9 and the structure 3 by a seismic isolator 2. Both of the connecting objects 10 are connected to the connecting objects 10 in the middle by a fixed seismic isolator 2, alternating vertically as shown in the figure.

For example, it will be shaped like a stretchable metal band on a wristwatch. Therefore, the effect is also similar, and when there are n seismic isolators 2, the acceleration of vibration of each connecting object 10 is 1/n of that of the earth.

Therefore, since that amount is transmitted to the structure 3, the larger the number of n, the smaller the influence of the earthquake exerted on the structure 3 by the connecting object 10. By filling the gap 11 with water, the side effects will increase.

FIG. 6C shows a cross section of the tip 10a of the connecting member 10, where T indicates a taper. Each message 1
0, the seismic isolator 2 is spaced apart to prevent its ends from being hit by shaking due to an earthquake, but if there is too much of a gap, it may pose a danger to people or vehicles passing over it. Therefore, the tip 10a of the connecting member 10 is made into a taper T as shown in the figure to create an escape area and compensate for the above drawback. However, even if you do so, shortcomings remain. To compensate for this, place an iron plate on top of the contact lOO for 12 minutes.
This is a method of fixing a part of it.

The sixth drawing and E are respectively plan views of the iron plate 12.

and a side view. The iron plate 12 has a surface with anti-slip irregularities and patterns, which is normally used for road construction.

12a is an elastic material such as natural rubber or synthetic trill rubber or chloroprene rubber, and is bonded to the back surface of the iron plate 12 by an appropriate method. The iron plate 12 having the elastic body 12a is used so as to cover the U connector 10.

Figures F, G, and H in Figure 6 each show the connection lO on the iron plate 12.
FIG. 4 is a plan view, a front view, and a side view when used covered with 12b is a part of the iron plate 12, and this 12b is fixed to the connecting plate IO by an appropriate method.

12c is the unfixed portion remaining after subtracting the portion 12b from the iron plate 12.

Since it has two configurations as described above, when the connecting objects 10 sway due to earthquake vibration, the iron plate 12...

Because part 12b is fixed to the connecting object 101.

It vibrates in the same way as a fixed contact 10]. However, the i2c part is not fixed. Since it crosses the tip 10a of the connecting piece 101 and straddles the tip 10a of the adjacent connecting piece 102, the connecting piece 12c freely slides over the connecting piece $102. Therefore, when there is no earthquake, the trunk, etc. that passes above the connecting object 10 is located at a level that is less than the thickness of the iron plate 12 plus the thickness of the elastic body 12a, ICrn in total. It doesn't bother me because I'm passing through, so please contact me 10.
It will not damage the tip 10a. The reason why the elastic body 12a is bonded to the back surface of the iron plate 12 is to prevent vibration noise. Is there enough room for electricity, water supply and drainage, information cables, etc. to be connected to this communication item 10 in a loop? Of course you should keep it.

(Seventh Example) FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the staircase portion of the structure 6 described in the third and fifth examples. A staircase between structures 31 and 32 is shown as a representative example.

The setup is swaying and shaking. 9 beggars. Floors 5 and 3 are swaying. And the lower end 14 of the stairs 13 does not yellow with the floor 71.

Gap】5 is formed.

A seismic isolator 22 is installed on the roof 8I of the structure 31, a floor 72 of the structure 320 is constructed on it, and the upper end 6 of the staircase 13 is attached to this floor 72. Therefore, when structures 3 and 32 shake separately due to an earthquake.

The staircase 13 becomes a kind of structural addition and has a side effect V.

Furthermore, since the structures 31 and 32 are each separate structures, the space 17 between them is in the atmosphere outside the structures. Therefore, if things continue as they are, environmental pollution such as rain, snow, dust, harmful gases, and noise will enter the room from the space 17. This is prevented by the ring-shaped protective wall 18 shown in the sectional view of FIG. 7 and FIG. 8.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the staircase portion of FIG. 7.

The protective wall 18 is made of an elastic material such as natural rubber or synthetic rubber, and the brim 19 is fixed to the roof 81 of the structure 31 and the floor 72 of the structure 320, respectively, and serves to block the outside air environment. At the same time, the protective wall 18 also functions as a kind of seismic isolator. Therefore, the structure of the protective wall 18 does not matter whether it is bellows-like or cylindrical, and is attached using bolts and nuts.

FIG. 9 shows the protective wall 18 in actual condition. Figure A is a flat plate, Figure B is a curved part of a ring, and Figure 0 is a bellows type. The side walls 19 in Figures A and B can be connected to each other with bolts or nuts through the holes 20 they have, or
It is fixed to the structure 3.

The seismic isolation installation method for this staircase and the protective wall 18 are as follows.

In the case of escalator installation, it can of course be used to install various devices such as IE air, water supply and drainage, and information cables.

(Eighth Example) FIG. 10 is a conceptual sectional view when an elevator is attached to the base isolation structure 6 of the present invention.

21 is the entire elevator system. In this case, the protective wall 18 is a space 22 through which the elevator 21 passes between the common structures 3n.
ft, to isolate it from the atmosphere.

The protective wall 18 is attached to the cargo 3n3 by bolts and nuts.
It is used fixed to n+1.

It goes without saying that this protective wall 18 can be used as an outer wall that surrounds the outside of ducts for electricity, water supply and drainage, information cables, etc. that go in and out of the structure 3n.

[Effect]

For structures built on seismic isolators as described above, ■ Addition for seismic isolation? Should I install it?

■ Should a deployment device be installed, or? ■ A seismic isolator and packing materials? Staggering multiplexing or ■ Staggering multiplexing of seismic isolators and structures equipped with deployment devices can be made very small. In particular, it has the effect of becoming smaller as the multiplexing progresses. This is one.

Another effect is that in the event of an earthquake of the magnitude of the Great Kanto Earthquake, if 21 seismic isolators are installed on the foundation of a 10 to 20-story building, 2. There is a strong possibility that it will be destroyed. This is because they are caught between the inertia of the 10th to 20th floors and the violent vibrations of the earth.

However, in the case of the present invention, it is difficult to destroy. The reason is that the first floor is on top of two seismic isolators installed on the foundation? build,
Install 22 seismic isolators on the roof of the first floor, build the second floor on top of that, install 23 seismic isolators on the roof of the second floor, and so on... Since it is a multiplexed structure in which multiple floors are constructed, the entire structure 6 becomes a fragile structure, so it is difficult for the seismic isolator 21 to be destroyed. This is because it is similar to the so-called willow tree that does not bend in the wind.

What is the current vibration and force transmitted from the foundation 1 to the seismic isolator 21?

At the same time as it is transmitted to the first floor, it is also transmitted to the seismic isolator 22 on the roof of the first floor, causing the seismic isolator 22 to deform. In other words, seismic isolator 2
The deformation of the seismic isolator 21 becomes smaller by the amount of deformation of the seismic isolator 2. Furthermore, the vibration and force transmitted to the seismic isolator 22 is transmitted to the second floor, and at the same time, is also transmitted to the seismic isolator 23 on the roof of the second floor, deforming the seismic isolator 23. In other words, the deformation of the base isolator 22 is reduced by the amount that the base isolator 23 is deformed, and therefore the base isolator 2
The deformation of 1 also becomes smaller. Therefore, destruction of the seismic isolator 21 is unlikely to occur. This means that it is said to be vulnerable to earthquakes10.
This has the effect that the earthquake-resistant structures before and after the floors can also be constructed in the same way as in skyscrapers.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention relates to the method and use as described above.

Also, because it is a structure constructed by that method.

Ru. It is even smaller than the conventional l/3~115.
/100, it is possible to leave behind a structure that would be unimaginable with conventional construction methods.

■As a result, the areas most at risk of damage from earthquakes are nuclear power plants, telephone offices, hospitals that perform major surgeries, laboratories that handle pathogens, ultra-precision processing factories, computer rooms, and high-end art exhibition halls.

A poisonous substance? What is the best seismic isolation structure for handling areas, mass fuel storage facilities, and others? can be provided.

■.Installing an addition to Structure A, which has already been constructed by simply installing a seismic isolator on top of the base.

Alternatively, ■, install a seismic isolator on the roof of A and construct a new building B there.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a principle diagram (@ side view) when a seismic isolation addition is installed on a structure with a seismic isolator. Figure 2 is a principle diagram (cross-sectional view) when a structure with a rebate device is installed on top of a seismic isolator. Figure 3 is a principle diagram (@ side view) when seismic isolators and structures are constructed alternately. Fig. 4 is a principle diagram (cross-sectional view) when a seismic isolator is installed in a structure built on top of the seismic isolator, and a structure is installed on top of the seismic isolator. Figure 5 shows the seismic isolator and rebate device? A diagram (cross-sectional view) of the principle when constructing structures alternately. Figure 6A is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection between the seismic isolation structure and the ground. FIG. 6B is a diagram (cross-sectional view) showing the principle of multiplexing of the interconnect 10. Figure 6C is. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an end face of the connecting object 10. Figures D and E are respectively iron plate 1.
2 top view and side view. Figures F, G, and H are each connected item 1.
1 is a plan view when an iron plate 12 is used for 0. They are a front view and a side view. Figure 7 shows that a seismic isolator is installed on the stairs 13 between the structures, and that the stairs are connected to the outside air. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a blocking protective wall 18; FIG. 8 is a plan view of the stairs 13 and the protective wall 18. FIG. 9 is an actual diagram of the protective wall 18. Figure 1O shows the elevator inside the structure - space and atmosphere and ft
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a protective wall work 8 to be blocked. 1...Foundation 2...Seismic isolator 3.
... Structure 4 ... Addition 5 ...
...By-product wall 6...Structure 7...
...Floor 8...Roof 9...Earth 10...Contact 10a...
Tip 11...Gap 12...Iron plate
12a...Elastic bodies 12b, 12c...
・Part of the iron plate 13...Stairs 14...
・Bottom end of stairs 15... Gap 16...
... Top of the stairs 17 ... Space Engineering 8.
...i Escort 19...Side wall 20...
... Hole 21 ... Elevator 22 ...
...Space T...Gapson) Figure 2, Answer 7, Kaya, Figure 8

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A seismic isolation method for a structure using a seismic isolator and a seismic damping device, characterized in that a seismic isolation addition is provided on the structure above the seismic isolator. 2. A seismic isolation method for a structure using a seismic isolator and a seismic damping device, characterized in that a seismic damping device is provided on the structure above the seismic isolator. 3. A seismic isolation method for structures using seismic isolators and damping devices characterized by alternately multiplexing seismic isolators and structures. 4. A seismic isolation method for structures using seismic isolators and seismic damping devices, which is characterized by alternating multiplexing of structures provided with seismic isolators and seismic damping devices. 5. A seismic isolation structure constructed by the method according to claims 1, 2, 3, and 4. 6. A seismic isolation structure using a seismic isolator for the mounting part from the ground to the structure, stairs, escalators, elevators, and equipment such as electricity, water supply and drainage, and information cables installed in the seismic isolation structure according to claim 5. Seismic structure. 7. A seismic isolation structure in which the outer wall surrounding each device according to claim 6 is made of an elastic body.