JPH02203020A - Bearing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate rotational dislocation (creep) between an inner ring and a shaft by interposing a key between the keyway formed on the outer circumferential surface of the shaft in the axial direction and that formed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring of a radial bearing in the axial direction. CONSTITUTION:In a shaft 10, a flange part 10a is formed on one end side thereof, and a screw thread part 10b is formed on the other end side. On the outer circumferential surface of the shaft both at the flange part 10a of the shaft 10 and at the screw thread part 10b thereof, keyways 11a, 11b of a prescribed length are formed in the axial direction, and fixing rings 13, 17, angular bearings 14, 16, and an outer intermediate seat 15 is interposed. After the fixing rings 13, or the like have been fitted on the shaft 10, a nut-shaped push member 18 is screwed in onto the screw thread part 1b of the shaft 10 so as to directly push and tighten the fixing ring 17. Thus, even if the angular bearings 14, 16 are fitted on the shaft 10 by means of clearance fit, they can be fixed to the shaft 10 in an engaged condition via both the engaging projections 13a, 17a of the fixing rings 13, 17 and keys 12a, 12b, so that the rotational dislocation between inner rings and the shaft can be effectively prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a bearing mechanism for fixing a bearing and a shaft.

<Prior Art> So-called rolling bearings are used as the most common mechanical components in many devices in various fields. The most well-known rolling bearings are so-called radial contact bearings (hereinafter referred to as "radial bearings") and angular contact bearings (hereinafter referred to as "angular bearings").

In general, these bearings are used by being installed between the shaft connected to a power source or driven power source, etc., and the housing, or there is a requirement that there be no slippage during rotation, especially between the shaft and the inner ring, where inertia tends to be large. be done. For this reason, the fit between the shaft and the inner ring is usually made so as to provide an appropriate amount of margin.

Among the above bearings, angular bearings are widely used as bearings that receive loads from both the radial and thrust directions, or when installed on a shaft, apply a certain amount of load in the thrust direction. A slight displacement force is applied to the rolling elements. This load is called preload, and it prevents looseness in the rotational direction and increases the rigidity of the bearing.

Broadly speaking, the fixed position method and the constant pressure method are known as methods for applying preload. FIG. 3 shows, as a representative example, the configuration of an angular bearing mechanism based on the fixed position method.

In the figure, 1 is a shaft connected to a power source or a driven power source, and 2 (2a, 2b) are angular bearings. The Japanese government shows the case where two single-row angular contact bearings are used, and it consists of an inner ring 3 (3a, :lb), the required number of rolling elements 4 (4a, 4b), and an outer ring 5 (5a, Sb). ing. One of the angular bearings 2a is the shaft 1.
It is attached to the shaft 1 so as to come into contact with a flange portion 1a which is formed as a presser member. The other angular bearing 2b is mounted on the shaft 1 with an inner spacer 6 in contact with the side end of the inner ring 3 and an outer spacer 7 in contact with the side end of the outer ring 5 sandwiched between it and the one angular contact bearing 2a. ing. 8 is the angular bearing 2b
There is a holding member on the side, which has a nut shape and is attached to the threaded part 1b of the shaft l.
It is screwed together. 9 is a housing, and outer ring 4 of the angular bearing 2 assembled above. The external spacer 7 etc. are housed and held inwardly. This housing sink 9 has a stepped inner cylinder at one end, and an outer ring 5a of one angular bearing 2a.
A ring-shaped housing brake (9a) is fixed to the other end of the inner cylinder by screws or the like to prevent it from shifting relative to the angular bearing 2 or the like. The inner spacer 6 is made slightly shorter than the length of the outer spacer 7, and the tightening of the holding member 8 is adjusted to apply an appropriate preload to the angular bearing 2.

Such an angular bearing mechanism has an inner ring 3 with respect to the shaft 1.
And since the inner spacer 6 has a large diameter, its moment of inertia l-
Therefore, there is a problem in that rotational deviation (creep) between the shaft and the shaft L is likely to occur.

Therefore, as a means to solve this problem as much as possible,
It is considered that the clamping member 8 can be tightened by measuring the torque or the starting friction moment of the bearing 2, so that the preload can be freely adjusted and the moment of inertia can be reduced.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the above-mentioned means have not yet been able to effectively prevent the creep phenomenon in either the radial type or the angular type bearing mechanism.

In other words, as mentioned above, the fit between the bearing and the sleeve is generally a so-called tight fit, and an excessive fit may make it extremely difficult to install and remove the bearing during later repairs and maintenance. . Furthermore, in cases where preload adjustment is required, such as in angular bearings, tight fitting is generally a problem.

Therefore, it may be possible to consider mounting means such as a slight interference fit or a clearance fit, for example.In these fittings, as shown by the symbol corresponding to the angular bearing 2 in FIG. Depending on the load W applied, the shaft 1 and inner ring 3
There will be a gap between them. If this clearance is, for example, the maximum clearance, the inner ring 3 will be πh for one rotation of the shaft 1.
This will cause a rotational shift.

This kind of leap causes abnormal heat generation on the fitting surfaces, causing wear and vibration of the shaft. In particular, when the shaft is used for high-speed rotation and requires high start-up characteristics, the above-mentioned problems are likely to occur, and the durability of the shaft and bearing will be significantly reduced.

Additionally, when multiple angular bearings are used in a bearing mechanism that does not include an inner spacer as described above, the degree of frictional engagement with the shaft or the tightening of the presser member that applies preload is affected by force. Even though preload adjustment is easier than with the inner spacer type, it is extremely difficult to find the optimal setting.

The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to eliminate the above-mentioned creep phenomenon. In addition to solving this problem, the preload adjustment can also be freely, precisely, and easily set.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the bearing mechanism according to the present invention is installed between the shaft and the housing, and is fixed with a pressing member to prevent it from coming off.The shaft and inner ring of the bearing are fixed. The radial bearing mechanism consists of a shaft with a key formed on the outer circumferential surface in the longitudinal direction of the axis, and a radial bearing with a key groove formed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring in the longitudinal direction of the axis. It is constructed by interposing a key between key grooves.

In addition, the angular bearing mechanism that loads preload with a holding member consists of a shaft with a keyway formed in the axial direction of the outer circumferential surface and an angular bearing with a keyway formed in the axial direction of the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring. A key is interposed between the key groove of the angular bearing and the angular bearing.

Furthermore, the angular bearing mechanism that loads preload with a holding member has a shaft with a keyway formed in the longitudinal direction of the outer circumferential surface, and a keyway formed in the longitudinal direction of the inner circumferential surface of the shaft and engaged with one side end. It consists of a fixing ring formed with a protrusion, and an angular bearing having four retaining parts formed at the side end of the inner ring that engage with the engaging protrusion of the fixing ring, and the fixing ring is arranged between the holding member and the angular bearing. It is also possible to use a structure in which a key is provided between the shaft and the fixing ring, and a key is interposed between the key groove of the shaft and the fixing ring.

In a radial bearing mechanism, when the shaft rotates, the inner ring of the bearing, which is engaged and fixed with a key, also starts rotating at the same time. In this case, since the engagement is fixed by a key, there is no creep, or so-called rotational misalignment, between the shaft and the inner ring, and rotational force can be transmitted extremely reliably.

Furthermore, in the angular bearing mechanism, when the shaft rotates, it begins to rotate simultaneously with the rotation of the shaft by receiving a rotational force directly from the key or via a fixing ring that is engaged and fixed by the key. Therefore, rotational force can be transmitted extremely reliably without causing creep, or so-called rotational misalignment, between the shaft and the inner ring. The preload on the bearing can be applied by pressing the inner ring by appropriately adjusting the force of tightening the pressing member shaped like the neck 1.

As described above, since the bearing mechanism of the present invention mechanically engages the shaft and the inner ring using a key or the like, the fitting is a loose fit, and the bearing can be attached and detached very easily for later repairs, maintenance, etc. I can do it.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an angular bearing mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the case where two single-row angular bearings are used at appropriate intervals, and FIG. 2 shows the assembled state. FIG. The radial bearing mechanism according to the present invention can be implemented by changing the configuration of the angular bearing mechanism shown in FIG. 1 by m = part, and will be described later based on FIG. 1.

In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a shaft connected to a power source, a driven power source, etc. In the l pieces, a collar portion 10 serves as a holding member that holds the side end of the inner ring of an angular bearing, which will be described later.
A is formed at one end, and a threaded portion 10b is formed at the other end. When the shaft 10 is long, the flange 10a may be formed into a flange or a stepped portion as an intermediate bearing where the bearing is attached. A key groove 11a having a required length in the axial direction is provided on the same surface of the outside of the flange portion 10a and threaded portion 10b of the shaft 10.
, llb. Keys 12a and 12b associated with fixing rings, which will be described later, are engaged with the key grooves 11a and llb. Reference numeral 13 denotes a fixing ring, which has an inner diameter approximately equal to that of the shaft 1, and is attached to the shaft 10 when necessary so as to come into contact with the collar portion 10a. A part of the side end of the fixing ring 13 that does not come into contact with the flange 10a is formed with an engaging protrusion 13a, and an engaging protrusion 13a is formed in the axial direction of the inner circumferential surface. A key groove 13b is formed at a position symmetrical to the portion 13a. This results in
When mounted on the shaft 10, an engagement relationship with the shaft 10 is established via the key 12a.

Reference numeral 14 denotes an angular bearing, and an engagement recess 14c is formed at one side end of an inner ring 14a, the engagement recess 14c having a size that allows engagement of the engagement protrusion 13a of the fixing ring 13. The inner diameter of the inner ring 14a of the angular bearing 14 is set so that the fit with the shaft 10 is preferably a loose fit with a minimum clearance. 15 is an outer spacer, and the - angular bearing 14 and the other angular bearing 1 are attached to the shaft 10.
6, the bearings are kept at an appropriate distance. The outer diameter of the outer spacer 15 is equal to that of the angular bearing 1.
The outer rings 14b and 16b of Nos. 4 and 16 are approximately equal to each other.

The angular bearing 16 has the same shape as the angular bearing 14 mentioned above, and has an engaging recess 16c formed at one side end of the inner ring 16a. This angular bearing 16 is mounted so that the mounting direction on the shaft 10 is opposite to that of the angular bearing 14 described above. 17 is the other fixing ring having the same shape as the above-mentioned fixing ring 13,
The engagement protrusion 17a is the engagement recess 1 of the angular bearing 16.
6c. Then, when installing it on the shaft 10, the key]
, 2b, an engagement relationship with the shaft 10 is established. 18
is a nut-shaped holding member, and the above-mentioned series of fixing rings 1
3 or less is attached to the shaft 10, and is screwed into the threaded portion 1b of the rear shaft 10, and is directly tightened by pressing the fixing ring 17. A housing 19 has an inner diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the angular bearings 14 and 16, as is known in the art, and one end of the inner cylinder is stepped so as to come into contact with the side end of one of the angular bearings 14, and the other end is stepped. A ring-shaped housing plate 19a is fixed on the end side with screws 20 to prevent it from shifting in the axial direction from the angular bearing 14 and the like. Second
The figure shows the assembled state of the bearing mechanism consisting of the above series of members.

According to such a mechanism, even if the angular bearing 14.16 is mounted on the shaft 10 with a clearance fit, the engagement protrusions 13a, 17a of the fixing rings 1:l, 17 and the key 12
a, 12b, and can be engaged with and fixed to the shaft 10. Therefore, when the shaft 10 rotates, they rotate simultaneously without creep. In addition, when applying preload to the angular bearings 14 and 16, the presser member 1
Tighten 8. As a result, as can be understood from FIG. 2, the fixing ring 13.17 is pressed between the flange 10a of the shaft lO, which is the other holding member, and at the same time the inner rings 14a, 16a of the angular bearing 14.16 are pressed. It is also pressed, that is, a preload is set. In this way, the keys 12a, 12b are used to engage the inner rings 14a, 16a and the shaft 10.
etc., the preload adjustment can be independently and freely set regardless of the state of engagement with the shaft IO.

In the above embodiment, the engagement protrusions 13a, 17a and the engagement recesses 14c, 16c were formed in each of the fixing ring 13.17 and the angular bearing 14.16 in order to engage the fixed ring 13.17 and the angular bearing 14.16. Since it is sufficient that they can be engaged, the above-mentioned engagement recesses and protrusions may be formed in opposite directions. however,
Considering the difficulty of processing and forming the engaging protrusions on the bearing side, it is more practical to form the engaging protrusions 13a and 17a on the fixed ring 13.17 side.

In addition, for engagement by key means, the fixing ring 13
．． 17, but it is not necessarily limited to this. That is, the fixing ring is 1:3 in the axial longitudinal direction of the inner circumferential surface of the inner rings 14a and 15a of the angular bearing 14.16.
, 17, and the key 12a.

It is also possible to engage directly with the keyway 11a, 111) of the shaft 10 by means of the keyway 12b. In this case, the preload by the holding member 18 will be applied directly to the inner rings 14a, 16a.

However, the fixing ring 13.17 is easy to process and form.
Since it is easy to change the shaft length (width) by using a This makes it easier to respond appropriately.

Next, the present invention can also be implemented in a radial bearing mechanism. The only difference between a radial bearing mechanism and a 5-angular bearing mechanism is basically that no preload is applied. Therefore, if the angular bearing 14.16 explained in FIG. A radial bearing mechanism can be constructed by directly engaging the keyways 11a and 11b of the shaft 10 with the 12a and 12b. In this case, the presser member 1
8 serves to prevent the radial bearing from coming off the shaft lO.

In the present invention, the bearing and the shaft are engaged with each other by a key structure, and the key groove can be formed extremely easily, so that it can be carried out without causing any problems in terms of cost.

<Effects of the Invention> As described in detail above, according to the present invention, in a rolling type bearing mechanism, means using a key and a keyway are used to engage the inner ring of the bearing and the shaft. With an extremely simple configuration, rotational misalignment between the inner ring and the shaft can be effectively prevented. Since rotational force is transmitted through keyed engagement, there is no problem even if the inner ring and shaft are fitted with a loose fit. It can bring convenient benefits.

Moreover, by applying the present invention to an angular bearing mechanism in particular, it is possible to apply preload freely and easily and accurately regardless of the degree of fitting, thereby obtaining an optimal angular bearing mechanism according to the setting conditions. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an angular bearing mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an assembled state of the angular bearing mechanism of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a conventional FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of the state in which the angular bearing mechanism is assembled. FIG. 10-...axis, lla, 1], b...
keyway. 12a, 12b...Key, 13.17-...Fixing ring. 1.3a, 17a - engaging protrusion, 13b, 17
b--Keyway. 14.16... Angular bearing, 14a, 16a
...inner circle. ], 4cj6c...engaging recess, 15...outer spacer. 18... Pressing member, 19... Housing.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A bearing mechanism that fixes the shaft and inner ring of a radial bearing that is installed between the shaft and the housing and fixed with a presser member to prevent it from coming off, the shaft having a keyway formed in the longitudinal direction of the outer circumferential surface of the radial bearing, and the keyway What is claimed is: 1. A bearing mechanism comprising: a radial bearing formed in the longitudinal direction of an inner peripheral surface of an inner ring; and a key interposed between a keyway between the shaft and the radial bearing. (2) A bearing mechanism that fixes the shaft and inner ring of an angular bearing that is installed between the shaft and the housing, preloaded with a presser member, and fixed to prevent it from coming off, the shaft having a keyway formed in the longitudinal direction of the outer circumferential surface of the angular bearing. and an angular bearing having a keyway formed in the longitudinal direction of an inner circumferential surface of an inner ring, and a key is interposed between the keyway of the shaft and the angular bearing. (3) A bearing mechanism that fixes the shaft and inner ring of an angular bearing that is installed between the shaft and the housing, preloaded with a presser member, and fixed to prevent it from coming off, the shaft having a keyway formed in the longitudinal direction of the outer circumferential surface of the angular bearing. and a fixing ring having a keyway formed in the longitudinal direction of the inner peripheral surface and an engagement protrusion on one side end, and an engagement recess in which the engagement protrusion of the fixation ring engages with the inner ring. and an angular bearing formed at the side end, wherein the fixing ring is provided between the holding member and the angular bearing, and a key is interposed between the key groove of the shaft and the fixing ring. mechanism.