JPH02182118A - Simultaneous grafting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To regularly and surely perform a large amount of grafting by simultaneously holding many scion stems and stock stems in multi-holes divided flat plates and laying said multi-holes divided flat plates on jointing pots in overlapping. CONSTITUTION:Stock stem 3 having suitable diameter is cut in several cm length to make many rod-like stock stems and scion stem having similar diameter is cut in several cm length containing nodule to make many rod-like scion stems 2. Said scion stems 2 are inserted in multi-holes divided flat plate 1 having many scion stems-holding holes in rows and said scion stems are protruded from bottom face a little. Next, rod-like stock stems 3 are inserted in another multi-holes divided flat plate 1 having many stock stems-holding holes opposed to the scion stems-holding holes and many small bowls opposed to the stock stems-holding holes are jointed, then overlapped on jointing pots 15 filled with culturing soil 16, thus the multi-holes divided flat plate 1 inserted with scion stems is laid and fixed not to mutually shift.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides a method for grafting a large number of scions onto a large number of scripts at the same time, unlike the conventional method of grafting by hand one by one. Regarding equipment.

[Conventional technology]

In horticultural cultivation, grafting has various effects such as increasing resistance to soil diseases, improving low-temperature elongation, and improving oil absorption.

Particularly in canola cultivation, it has become popular in commercial cultivation areas in Japan as an effective means of avoiding problems caused by continuous cropping.

Various methods have been devised for the grafting method, such as the general call grafting, 10% grafting, cutting root grafting, bud grafting, and green branch grafting.

In either case - make a cut in each script, then make a cut in each scion one by one, or cut and carve it out and fit it one by one with the script, or make a hole in the script or It is a series of detailed manual operations, including inserting the seedlings into the cuttings, fixing them with grafting clips or straw, and then planting them in seedling pots.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Research is currently underway to use biotechniques to create soil disease-resistant plants, but in order to introduce disease-resistant genes into cultivated plants, it is necessary to elucidate the chromosomal base sequence and develop disease-resistant plants. It will be difficult to put it into practical use without elucidating many unknown fields such as gene positioning and excision and vector development.Create virus-resistant plants by introducing virus coat proteins with a simple structure into plant chromosomes. Although this is becoming a success, breeding for both disease resistance, cultivation suitability, and taste remains difficult, whether through conventional cross breeding or today's bichiku breeding.

If the pathogenic race changes in a short period of time and the long-awaited disease resistance becomes ineffective, as is currently the case, only grafting using disease-resistant rootstocks can be used immediately.

However, the technique of grafting is difficult to master and the efficiency is low. In addition, the suitable planting period for grafted seedlings is short, and except for fruit tree seedlings and special crop seedlings that can be transported by digging up and rooting, the weight of potting soil, the large volume of large seedlings at the 4- to 6-leaf stage, and seedling damage due to load friction. Therefore, transportation is difficult.

Grafted seedlings are produced by hand on a very small scale by each cultivator in cane cultivation.

Therefore, mass production is not possible, and the cost of grafting is high, so in cane cultivation, it has been difficult to apply to inexpensive leaf vegetables, potatoes, root vegetables, etc., and has been applied only to highly profitable fruit vegetables.

Since the unit cost of grafted fruit tree seedlings is relatively high and special experience is required for the grafts to take root, specialized seedling producers have developed as mentioned above, but all grafting work is done by hand.

The present invention improves grafting efficiency, reduces costs,
The aim is to expand the range of applications and enable long-distance transportation.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, as a method of grafting a large number of scions to a large number of scripts all at once, grafting is performed using a perforated split plate as follows.

Following the example of cutting-root grafting, a rootstock stem of an appropriate diameter is cut into lengths of several r to create a number of log-shaped rootstock stems.

For scion, stems of similar diameter are cut into several lengths including the nodes to produce many log-shaped scion stems.

A log-shaped scion stem is inserted into a perforated divided plate having a large number of scion stem holding holes arranged in rows, and the scion stem is slightly protruded from the bottom surface.

Next, a log-shaped root is inserted into a perforated divided plate with many rootstock stem holding holes facing the scion stem holding holes, and a connected pot filled with culture soil is created by connecting a large number of small pots facing the rootstock holding holes. Layer this on top, and then place the perforated split plate into which the scion wood is inserted.

Fix them so that they do not shift.

[Effect]

The lower cut surface of the scion and the upper cut surface of the script are in contact with each other, and the lower part of the scion stem is inserted into the culture soil in the connected pot by being slightly pressed by the protruding scion stem. In this case, if necessary, press the upper end of the scion stem to ensure that the cut surfaces come into contact with each other.
Insertion of the lower end of the stem into the culture soil may be promoted.

If this state is placed in an environmentally controlled room, greenhouse, or vinyl tunnel and maintained at appropriate temperature, humidity, and light intensity, roots will form from the lower end of each stem inserted into the culture soil, and the lower part of the scion stem will grow. The cut surface of the stem and the cut surface of the upper part of the script stem come into contact with each other and fuse together.

Leaves and shoots emerge from the nodes or upper ends of the scion stem, the scion stem begins to elongate, and the grafting is completed.

The structure of the porous divided flat plate is such that each scion stem in a row can be separated into strips through the center line of the stem holding hole, and each strip is cut parallel to the long side at the center of each strip to form a hinge. A flexible structure is provided by connecting them with each other.

In addition, a connecting hole is provided at an end parallel to the short side of the strip, and a round rod that fits into the connecting hole is inserted or otherwise tightened to fix each strip into a single flat plate.

Alternatively, the joint surfaces of each strip cut at the center parallel to the long sides of the perforated flat plate can be cut at the center parallel to the long sides of the perforated flat plate to create a structure in which the joint surfaces of each strip are fitted with "rabbits and grooves" etc. The structure allows each strip to be fixed and separated freely.

Therefore, when the grafting is completed, the round rods or ``rabbits'' that fit into the respective strip connection holes are removed to allow the strips to be freely separated.

Next, if each strip is cut at the center and connected with a hinge to have a flexible structure, the strips are bent to separate the two scion stems from the main stem, and the strips can be pulled out one by one.

In the case of ``sane'', if you remove the ``sane'', the strip of paper will be halved.
Since the seedlings can be pulled out after being divided into small strips with a width of The perforated split plate holds the stem of the grafted seedling in two places to prevent vibration and damage to the seedling.

By applying the basic structure of this perforated divided flat plate and using it in combination with a machine for cutting and aligning scions (not shown), it becomes possible to automate grafting as described below.

One scion stem is placed on the lid. A porous divided flat plate is placed on the lid of a vacuum box with a small hole smaller than the diameter of the stem opposite to the stem holding hole, and one scion and one scion are placed on the lid while removing the air inside the vacuum box. A single stem that stores a large number of stems, a script stem that has a hole for feeding out the scion stems,
When the scion stem supply pot is brought close to the scion stem holding hole of this porous divided flat plate, one scion stem will be produced as a single scion stem.The scion stems will be sucked out one by one from the feeding hole and one scion stem will be produced as one scion stem. It is sucked into the holding hole.

After that, as described above, the perforated divided flat plate holding the rootstock is placed on the connected pot, and the perforated divided flat plate holding the scion is placed on top of that.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the structure of the porous divided flat plate 1 of the present invention is that it can be separated into strips through the center line of the holding hole 4 of two main stems 3 in one row. Each strip is made of small strips 6-1 which are cut parallel to the long sides at the center of each strip and connected by hinges 5 to have a bendable structure.

In addition, a connecting hole 7 is provided at the end parallel to the short side of the strip 6,
A screw 9 and a spring 10 are provided at the end of the round bar 8 to tighten the round bar 8 that fits into the connecting hole and fix each strip into a single flat plate.

Alternatively, the joint surface of each strip 6 of the two-hole divided flat plate 1 and the joint surface of the small strip 6-1 divided in half along the center line parallel to the long side of each strip are made into "rabbits" 81, etc. It is also possible to have a structure in which the strips are connected and fixed into one flat plate by fitting and tightening them.

As shown in FIG. 4, the multi-hole divided flat plate 1 constructed in this way is equipped with a vacuum box 12 in which a small hole 11 smaller than the diameter of the scion stalk 21 is provided in the lid and is opposite to the holding hole 4 of the scion stalk 3. A porous divided flat plate 1 is placed on the lid to eliminate air in the vacuum box 12.

Outside air is sucked in from the two scion stem holding holes 4 of this porous divided flat plate 1 through the vacuum box lid small hole 11.

A rootstock stem with a hole 13 for feeding out the scion stem 21 and the main stem 3;
If you store a large number of 21 scion stems 3 in the scion stem supply bot 14 and approach the holding holes 4 of the 21 scion stems 3 of this porous divided flat plate 1, 21 scion stems will be produced. The tree stems 3 are sucked out one by one from the feeding holes 13, and the scion stems 21 and the tree stems 3 are sucked into the holding holes 4 of the porous divided flat plate l.

Next, as shown in Fig. 5, the perforated divided flat plate 1 holding the rootstock stem 3 is placed on the connecting pot 15, and the perforated divided flat plate 1 holding the scion stem 2 is placed on top of it. The lower cut surface of the base stem 3 and the upper cut surface of the base stem 3 are in contact with each other, and the lower part of the base stem 3 is inserted into the culture soil 16 in the connecting pot 15 by being pressed by the scion stem 2 which is slightly protruding. Ru.

In this case, if necessary, the upper ends of the scion stems 2 may be pressed to promote contact between the cut surfaces and insertion of the lower ends of the five main stems 3 into the culture soil 16.

If this state is placed in an environmentally controlled room, greenhouse, or vinyl tunnel (not shown) and maintained at appropriate temperature, humidity, and light intensity, roots will form from the part of the lower end of each main stem 3 that is inserted into the culture soil 16. , the lower cut surface of the scion stem 2 and the upper cut surface of the script stem 3 contact each other and fuse together.

Leaves and shoots emerge from the nodes or upper ends of the scion stem 2, the scion stem 2 begins to elongate, and the grafting is completed.

When the grafting is completed, to disassemble and remove the porous divided flat plate 1, loosen and remove the screws 9 of the round bars 8 that fit into the connecting holes 7 of each strip that fixes each strip 6 into a single flat plate. Pull out the round rod 8 from the connection hole 7 of each strip 6.

As shown in FIG. 6, each strip 6 is cut at the center and attached to the hinge 5.
Since the strips 6 are connected with each other and have a bendable structure, if the strips 6 are then bent and separated from the two scion stems 3, the strips 6 can be pulled out one by one and the grafted seedlings 17 only remains in the connected pot.

The joint surface of each strip 6 of the porous divided flat plate 1 and the joint surface of the small strip 6-1 divided in half along the center line parallel to the long side of each strip are "rabbeted" 8-1, etc. If the structure is such that the strips are connected and fixed into one flat plate by fitting and tightening, each strip 6 and the small strip 6-1 can be separated by removing the tongue 8-1 etc. I can do it.

In order to properly hold the scion stem 2 and the rootstock stem 3 in the holding hole 4 of the main stem 3 and to be able to hold them even when the stem diameter changes, a resilient material 18 such as sponge rubber is used. Holding hole 4
Configure.

In order to further improve the holding performance, several longitudinal grooves 19 are provided in the elastic material 18 constituting the holding hole 4.

Even if the diameter of the scion stem 22 is larger than the diameter of the holding hole 4, this elastic material 18 and the longitudinal grooves 19 will shrink and the scion stem 2 will be removed.
It becomes possible to hold one main stem 3.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, a large number of scion stems can be held simultaneously on the perforated divided flat plates, and the perforated divided flat plates can be stacked and placed on the connected pot in an orderly and reliable manner. Grafting can be done on.

Therefore, anyone can graft a large amount of wood in a short period of time without having to hone or acquire the technique.

This will reduce the cost of raising grafted seedlings and expand its application to a wide range of crops.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a plan view of a perforated flat plate, Figure 2 is a side view of a perforated flat plate, Figure 3 is a plan view of a strip of paper, and Figure 4 shows two scion stems with a perforated flat plate placed on the lid of a vacuum box. A cross-sectional view of the script inserted into the stem holding hole, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the porous divided flat plate and the connecting pot during grafting, and Figure 6 is a side view of the strip during bending removal.1 is the porous divided flat plate, and 2 is the scion. Stem, 3 is rootstock stem. 4 is a holding hole, 5 is a hinge, 6 is a strip of paper, 6-1 is a small strip of paper, 7
is a connecting hole, 8 is a round bar, 8-1 is a "rabbet" etc. 9 is a screw, 1
0 is a spring, 11 is a small hole, 12 is a vacuum box, 13 is a feeding hole, 14 is a script stem, a scion stem supply bot, 15 is a connecting pot, and 16 is culture soil. 17 is a seedling that has been grafted, 18 is a resilient material such as sponge rubber, and 19 is the length of a longitudinal groove.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A grafting method in which a porous divided flat plate provided with a large number of scion stem holding holes in a row and a porous divided flat plate provided with a large number of rootstock stem holding holes opposite to the scion stem holding holes are overlapped. (1) Each porous divided flat plate can be cut into strips through the center line of each scion stem and rootstock stem holding hole, and each strip is cut at the center parallel to the long side with a hinge etc. (2) A connecting hole is provided at the end parallel to the short side of each strip, and a round rod that fits into this connecting hole is inserted to tighten each strip. It has a structure in which the strips are connected and fixed into a single flat plate. The joint surfaces of the strips are fitted and tightened using tongue-and-groove plates, etc., and the strips are connected and fixed into a single flat plate. A simultaneous grafting method characterized by a structure in which the strips can be fixed and separated freely.