JPH0215692Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a multi-pivot door assembly for cargo transfer vehicles such as ordinary vans (wagons), refrigerated vehicles, and insulated vans for large trucks, semi-trailers, etc. . In order to maximize the working efficiency of such vehicles, the internal width of such vehicles is made as large as possible, but the total external width of the vehicle is limited by regulations, so the thickness of the side walls must be becomes important. Therefore, where the door is mounted in a side wall, special design considerations are made for the thickness of the door itself as well as the space requirements for the hardware for hinged and locking the door. Care is taken to prevent the side walls from becoming unnecessarily thick or protruding in the width direction with respect to the overall outer width.

The thickness of the side doors of the types of vans used to transport general cargo is determined primarily by the force exerted on the door itself. This thickness must be able to safely contain cargo and withstand sudden road accidents. In the case of insulated vans, which are refrigerated vehicles, the thickness of their several walls is primarily determined by the degree of insulation required for the intended service. If a side door is present, it is necessary to ensure that the installation of the door does not significantly reduce the insulation efficiency of the side wall containing the door;
In the case of insulated vehicles, and in any case, it is important that the fittings do not require a large amount of space for installation, and that they do not protrude excessively, the doors protrude into useful cargo space, or the structure of the vehicle It is important to ensure that the integrity or thermal integrity or integrity of the insulation is not so critically affected that changes to the structure of the vehicle are not required.

Hinging side doors not only has the usual space requirements, but also requires the door to swing approximately 180° so that it is positioned as flush as possible against the adjacent side wall from a practical operational standpoint. A fitting is required to allow it to be opened.

The requirement that the side doors be hinged to allow approximately 180° of swing positions the vertical hinge connection line of a normal single pivot hinge as close as possible to the outside surface of the van's body. This is usually achieved by In addition, the hinge strip that is secured to the door is angled inward from the hinge connection line and is secured to the outside surface of the door well inside the van's body surface, thereby reducing the thickness of the door. be done.

Commonly used locking hardware includes a vertical locking rod positioned on the outer surface of the door adjacent the door's line of free swing and pivoted for rotation about a vertical axis. Upon rotation of the locking rod, a locking finger attached to its end engages a frame-mounted catch, and further rotation of the rod locks the door in the closed position. As in the case of hinged fittings, such fittings are designed not to protrude beyond the external surface of the van body;
will be installed. This requires that the outer surface of the door, or at least that part of the door where the fitting is installed, is cut out from the surface of the van body.
Therefore, the use of such conventional hinges and locking hardware necessarily reduces the total thickness of the door to the point where it becomes undesirable, or if a door of constant thickness is required, it is necessary to In this case, the doors have to be installed further inward, which reduces the cargo space of the van.

Dual-pivot hinges have been proposed in the past, as shown in U.S. Pat.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to have an improved mounting hardware that combines multi-axis hinge connection and locking or fastening functions, which allows the door to open wide and provide a large doorway; We supply a combination of door and doorway (hereinafter referred to as "door assembly") in which the door does not protrude into the cargo space, and the door that is open to the outside can fit tightly against a vertical wall and do not obstruct the outside space. It is to be. Thus, the present invention is a door assembly that utilizes a multi-axis hinge with an integral locking mechanism. This combination mechanism is mounted adjacent to the door opening in a vertical side wall, connects the vertical edge of the door to this side wall, and slides the opposite vertical line of the door inside a flange or catch on the opposite side of the frame of the door opening. This serves to capture and hold the opposite vertical or free edge of the door in the fully closed position.

Another main object of the invention is to provide a side door whose surface is substantially flush with the side wall of a van or other vehicle;
and a fitting which does not protrude outwardly beyond the surface of the side wall and which at the same time is capable of swinging such side door into a fully open position displaced from the closed position by approximately 180°. It is an object of the present invention to provide a door assembly that hinges and locks the side door.

Another object of the invention is to provide a combination door assembly as described above requiring only minimal space requirements for installation so as not to adversely affect the thickness of the side walls and the thickness of similar doors. The goal is to provide the following.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a side door hinge connection device that prevents the door from tilting out of the vertical plane when the door is swung open, and a side door locking and securing device of highly secure design. An object of the present invention is to provide a door assembly having the following features.

Another object of the invention is to provide a side that can effectively resist outward forces exerted on the door by a load without unduly stressing the butterfly body when the door is closed and locked. It is an object of the present invention to provide a door assembly having a door locking device.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

With particular reference to FIG. 4, a typical vehicle construction is shown, which includes an upper side rail 1
0, a lower side rail 11 and a side wall generally designated by the reference numeral 12. The upper rail 10 is adapted to support the roof shingle 13, while the lower rail 11 is adapted to support the floor 14, all of which are conventional. As usual, the vehicle is constructed with an imaginary plane indicated by a dashed line P defining the outermost dimension of the vehicle on each side of the vehicle, between which imaginary planes are formed according to current regulations. The maximum width dimension is severely limited. Therefore, the thickness of the side wall and the door associated therewith is a limitation in obtaining the maximum cargo space within the width dimension of the vehicle. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the door 15 of the present invention and its hinge-fastener mounting assembly do not extend into or project into the above-mentioned imaginary plane P, but at the same time the side wall 15 is adjusted to suit its intended purpose. Also, it is possible to make the thickness of the door 15 normal.

In the particular construction of FIG. 4, a van-type refrigerated vehicle is shown, for which purpose not only side walls with conventional foam material, indicated by the reference numeral 16, are used, but also conventional techniques. A door filled with an insulating material 17, such as foam, is used.

With particular reference to FIG. 1, there is shown a fitting of the present invention which is attached to a side wall 12 adjacent a door opening or frame 20 (see FIG. 4).
It has a vertically extending shaft or rod 18 disposed in a recess 19 in the end edge thereof, which rod 18 is pivotable about its longitudinal axis 26' by means of hinge pin elements 21, 22. It is installed like this. A first hinge member 23 is fixed to the shaft or rod 18, and this hinge member 2
3 is adapted to be hinged to a second hinge member 24 fixed to the adjacent side edge 25 of the door. A suitable pivot interconnects members 23, 24 with a second pivot axis 26 parallel to but spaced apart from a first pivot axis 26' defined by the longitudinal axis of shaft 18. ing.

Further, a handle 27 is attached to the shaft 18, and the shaft 18 can be rotated about an axis 26', and the handle can also be rotated about an axis 48 perpendicular to the plane containing the above-mentioned double pivot axis. It is attached to the shaft 18.

This handle 27 projects into a recess 30 of the door 15, as particularly shown in FIG.
It is provided with an inwardly displaced part 29 of the structure which swings within it up to behind the fastening element 31 fixed to the door. The swingable locking plate or finger piece 32 is located in the recess 30
33, which is pivoted laterally to allow the handle to swing upwardly from the relationship in which the hand is captured by element 31, and then as shown in FIGS. so that the door opening operation can be started.

FIGS. 2 and 3 also show a mode in which the free end of the door is captured and held in the closed position by a retaining plate 34 in which a retaining groove 35 is formed to capture and retain the edge flange 36 of the door. It shows. A compressible seal 37 surrounding the door is suitably compressed to maintain a seal when the door is fully closed.

FIG. 2 together with FIG. 3 shows the double hinge axes 26, 26'.
clearly shows the effects of When the door is in the closed position as shown in FIG.
It does not fit tightly into the space and invade the space outside the imaginary plane P in FIG. However, when the door is swung toward the open position by the handle 27, the pivot axis 26 swings outwardly beyond the outer surface of the side wall 12, thereby causing the door to eventually swing approximately 180 degrees. The hinge member 23 is of sufficient length so that the door can be swung to lie flat or substantially flat against the side wall surface.

In addition, FIGS. 2 and 3 show the composite hinge of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows the compound movement of the door during the initial opening and final closing movement of the door provided by the catch assembly. As shown, when the handle 27 is first swung away from the door, the door is translated relative to the side wall as indicated by the arrow to pull the free end of the door out of the retaining groove 35; At the same time, the hinged end of the door is also translated and swung rearward and outward as shown. This particular movement is extremely effective in breaking the seal between the peripheral surface 40 of the frame defining the door opening in the side wall and the compressible sealing element 37, especially when the interior of the load space is free from frost or ice in the area of the seal. It is extremely effective in breaking seals when subjected to freezing effects that tend to form. During the final closing movement, the free end of the door is inserted into the locking groove by a translation movement opposite this.

As shown in the enlarged details of FIGS. 4 to 8, when opening the door, the locking plate 32 first swings laterally and the handle 27 grasps its free end 41 and locks the handle into the locking element 31. (see FIG. 4) and is pivoted upwardly about the shaft 48 to release it. The handle 27 is then pivoted outwardly about a vertical pivot line, thereby causing the second
The operations shown in FIGS. 3 and 3 eliminate the toggling effect of the butterfly programmer as shown in FIG. Additionally, these figures show that the resilient material 42 is adapted to preload the door and butterfly body to provide a more effective seal at the free end of the door and to prevent any play that may occur when the door is closed. Fasten groove 35
may be partially filled.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, pin elements 21 and 2
2 carry bayonet pins 43 and 44, respectively, which are inserted into end bores at opposite ends of the shaft to permit rotation of the shaft about its longitudinal axis as described above. . The manner in which the handle 27 is attached to the shaft 18 is as follows.
As shown in the figure, two ears 45, 46 are directly welded and rigidly secured to the shaft 18 and project laterally from the shaft 18 to provide a space for receiving the inner end 47 of the handle 27. It is beginning to form. Pivot 48 is adapted to pass through all three members to permit rotation of handle 27 about an axis perpendicular to the plane containing axes 26, 26', as described above.
At the same time, a handle is provided directly on the lower end of the shaft 18 so as to be able to apply a twisting opening force. The air gap G adjacent to the end 47 of the handle 27 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) allows the handle 27 to be swung upwardly past the fastening element 31 as described above, while the end of the handle 27 47
The rounded corner 49 of allows the handle 27 to be rotated 90 degrees downwardly so that it is parallel to the shaft 18. With this configuration, the handle 27 can
You can make sure that nothing gets in the way when it is swung 180 degrees.

As shown in FIG. 7, the hinge members 23 are preferably provided in pairs, each straddling the curled free end 50 of an associated hinge plate or member 24 attached to the door, and in each case a plug-in member. member 2 such that pin 51 forms pivot axis 26;
3 and the curled end 50.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a portion of a freight vehicle having a door and fittings constructed in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken along section 2-2 of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing the door in the initial open or final closed position.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view taken along section plane 4-4 of FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view taken along section 5-5 of FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view substantially corresponding to FIG. 3. Figure 7 shows a composite hinge.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the fastener assembly. Figure 8 is the 7th
FIG. 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view according to cross-sectional view 8-8 of the figure; 10...Upper side rail, 11...Lower side rail, 12...Side wall, 13...Roof plate, 14...
Floor, 15... Door, 16... Foam material, 17...
Insulating material, 18... Shaft (rod), 19...
... recess, 20 ... frame, 21, 22 ... hinge pin element, 23 ... first hinge member, 24 ... second hinge member, 25 ... side edge, 26, 26' ...
Pivot axis line, 27...handle, 28...axis line, 2
9... recessed portion, 30... recess, 31... fastening element, 32... locking plate (finger piece), 34... retaining plate,
35... Retaining groove, 36... Flange, 37... Seal, 40... Surrounding surface, 41... Free end, 4
2... Elastic material, 43, 44... Insertion pin, 4
5, 46... Ear part, 47... Inner end part, 48...
Pivot pin, 49...rounded corner, 50...free end,
51...Plug-in pin.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Provided on a freight vehicle having a bodywork of predetermined external dimensions with vertical side walls enclosing a load space, the structural integrity of the side walls is provided without unnecessary protrusion into said load space. at least one of the sidewalls 12 has a predetermined thickness within the above width dimension sufficient to maintain the properties of the opening 20.
and a door 15 sized to fill this opening, and a fully open position in which the door is swung approximately 180° from the closed position such that the door is in a substantially face-to-face relationship with said one side wall. for a freight vehicle, comprising a butterfly body for mounting one side edge 25 of the door along the edge of said one side wall 12 on one side of said opening to allow movement of the door between said side walls; the door assembly, wherein the edge of said side wall 12 is less than a predetermined thickness of said side wall so as to form an external recess 19 extending vertically along said one side of said opening 20; The butterfly programmable solid body is so thick as to fit snugly into the recess when the door is in the closed position, and is positioned inward from the outer surface of the door. a vertical shaft 18 pivotally mounted on said side wall 12 by hinge pin elements 21, 22 for rotation about a pivot axis 26', fixed to said shaft and projecting laterally therefrom; It comprises a first hinge member 23 and a second hinge member 24 fixed to the door 15 and projecting laterally from said side edge 25 of said door, so that said shaft axis 2
a second parallel to said axis spaced from 6';
The first hinge member and the second hinge member are hinged so that the first hinge member 23 can swing about a pivot axis 26 of the door, and the first hinge member 23 is pivoted away from the side wall 12 during opening of the door. towards said second pivot axis 26
of sufficient length to allow the door to move approximately 180° from the closed position;
The above door assembly includes a side wall that catches and locks the outer surface of an edge flange 36 provided on the side edge of the free end of the door 15 opposite to the side edge 25 when the door is in the closed position. Fastening device 3 provided in 12
4 and rotatable about the first pivot line 26' and the first and second pivot lines 26', 26
a handle 27 mounted on said shaft 18 for rotation about an axis 48 perpendicular to a plane containing said shaft 18; and a door 15 capturing and locking a portion 29 of the handle remote from said shaft 18.
Also provided are upper fastening elements 31, 32 which engage said fastening device 34 and hold the door in a closed lock by pivoting said handle about said first pivot axis 26'. 1. A multi-pivot door assembly for a freight vehicle, characterized in that the door assembly is adapted to move in translation with the side wall and detach from the inside of the side wall.