JPH02151335A - Plastic working method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To expedite a plastic flow to a filling necessary part by setting plural working positions to which pressure is necessary concentrically on an object to be worked, turning or oscillating the upper die at a prescribed inclination angle by a prescribed number of times or for a prescribed time is this working position and executing plastic working. CONSTITUTION:Turning of an outside turning body 7 and an inside turning body 11 of a double eccentric turning mechanism 6 in a body driving part A is controlled by driving motors 51, 52 by a control signal of a CPU. By selecting a prescribed control mode, a working upper die holder 40 is turned at a prescribed inclination angle against the center axis. By varying the set eccentric quantum within a prescribed range and rotating in reverse the outside and the inside rotating bodies 7, 11 at the same speed by synchronizing them with each other, the working upper die holder 40 can be oscillated at a prescribed oscillation angle. Also, a double eccentric turning mechanism 22 for supporting a sliding body 38 for supporting the outside of a die installing part of the working upper die holder 40 can set arbitrarily the working position by moving the turning center of a working upper die 44. In such a way, the working upper die is turned and oscillated and plastic flow of the a material is expedited, and the filling property is enhanced and a product being free from underfill is obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a plastic working method, and particularly to a forging method.

``Prior Art'' Conventionally, the ζ-rotary forging processing method centers on a predetermined position on a workpiece supported by a lower die and forms a predetermined inclination angle with respect to an axis passing through the predetermined position. The mold is rotated a predetermined number of times or for a predetermined period of time, and plastic working is performed on the workpiece according to the shape of the forming part of the upper mold or the lower mold.

The center of rotation for rotating the upper mold is set at a predetermined position on the workpiece, but that position is constant, and the workpiece is pressurized intensively within the rotation range of the upper mold. It was only possible.

Therefore, in order to intensively pressurize the entire workpiece,
A machining mold with a diameter larger than the workpiece diameter is required, or the laborious task of preparing several types of machining molds and replacing them depending on the size of the workpiece. Ta.

``Problem to be solved by the invention'' However, in order to plastically process products such as gears that have protrusions or four parts on the inner or outer periphery, it is necessary to increase the filling property of the material into the protrusions or recesses of the lower mold, or In order to enlarge the hole diameter of the workpiece, using a large machining mold or preparing several types of machining molds and tools, and replacing them as necessary, poses problems in terms of workability. Not only is it
The device itself becomes large and uneconomical.

Furthermore, when processing a product with a complicated shape as described above, even if the upper mold a is partially enlarged as shown in FIG. A part of the material is pushed out of the mold, which tends to cause an unfilled part C of the material in the lower part of the lower mold, resulting in problems in processing, such as a product having insufficient thickness.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and by setting a plurality of machining positions that require intensive pressurization and performing predetermined plastic working, the workpiece around the machining position can be The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highly economical plastic working method that promotes the plastic flow of the material and also improves the filling properties within the mold shape, thereby making it possible to process products without underfilling. .

``Means for Solving the Problem J'' The specific means for achieving the above object is based on a predetermined position centered on a predetermined position on the workpiece supported by the lower die and with respect to an axis passing through the predetermined position. Plastic working in which the upper die is rotated or oscillated at an inclination angle a predetermined number of times or for a predetermined time is performed sequentially on a plurality of processing positions set in a predetermined range on the workpiece, and the upper die or the lower die is This method is characterized by performing plastic working according to the shape of the molded part of the mold.

"Operation" According to the specific means, a plurality of machining positions that require intensive pressurization are set on the workpiece, and the machining upper mold is sequentially tilted at a predetermined angle at the machining positions for a predetermined number of times or for a predetermined time. Plastic processing is performed by turning or swinging the workpiece material at an angle to promote plastic flow of the workpiece material toward the required filling area around the 5 processing positions.

"Example" Embodiments of the method of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of a rotary forging device which is a plastic working device of the present invention.

The rotary forging processing apparatus 1 is composed of a working upper mold turning drive part A and a working lower mold support part B that can move up and down, and are arranged to face each other with the center axis CL of each part common.

The cylindrical casing 2 of the machining die turning drive section (hereinafter referred to as the main body drive section) A has a fitting hole 4 formed by enlarging the diameter of the center hole 3 at its upper end. A double eccentric rotator ellipse 6 is fitted into the fitting hole 4 so as to be freely rotatable.

A gear 8 is formed on the outer periphery of the outer rotating body 7 of the double eccentric rotator ellipse 6 that is fitted into the fitting hole 4, and a spherical gear 8 is formed to fit into the annular groove 5a of the enlarged diameter stepped portion 5 of the fitting hole 4. It is supported by a connecting chain 9.

The inner rotating body 11 is fitted into the eccentric hole 10 of the outer rotating body 7 so as to be freely rotatable. A gear 12 is formed on the outer periphery of the inner rotating body 11, and an eccentric hole 13 whose eccentricity with respect to its rotation center is equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric hole 10 is provided. Furthermore, a ring-shaped gear 14 is disposed on the upper surface of the outer rotating body 7, and the internal teeth 15 of the ring-shaped gear 14 and the inner rotating body 1
1 gear 12 meshes with each other. The number of teeth and outer diameter of the external teeth 16 formed on the outer periphery of the ring-shaped gear 14 are made equal to the number of teeth and outer diameter of the gear 8 formed on the outer rotating body 7. The upper part is fixed to the casing 2! A spherical connecting chain 18 is disposed between the upper cover 17 and the ring-shaped gear 14 and is fitted and held between the rings 117a and 14a, which are concentrically and diametrically opposed to each other. smooth rotation and prevent radial movement. Further, a spherical connecting chain 19 that fits into an annular groove 17b formed in the upper lid 17 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the inner rotating body 11.

At the lower end of the cylindrical casing 2, an enlarged diameter hole 21 is similarly formed by enlarging the diameter of the center hole 3, and a horizontal double eccentric rotating machine 22 is disposed therein.

The double eccentric rotation mechanism 22 has the same configuration as the double eccentric rotation mechanism 6 described above, and a gear 24 is formed on the outer periphery of the outer rotation body 23 and an eccentric hole 25 is provided. An inner rotating body 26 is fitted into the eccentric hole 25 so as to be rotatable. A gear 27 is formed on the outer periphery of the inner rotating body 26, and an eccentric hole 28 whose eccentricity with respect to its rotation center is equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric hole 25 is provided. The ring gear 29 is connected to the outer rotating body 2
3, and meshes with the internal teeth 30 of the ring-shaped gear 29 and the gear 27 of the inner rotating body 26. The number of teeth and the outer diameter of the outer teeth 31 of the ring-shaped gear 29 are the same as those of the outer rotating body 23.
The lower cover 32 is fitted into the lower end opening of the cylindrical casing 2, which has the same number of teeth and outer diameter as the gear 24, and the lower cover 32 is below the knee! ! 32
The outer rotary body 23 of the double eccentric rotator ellipse 22 is freely rotatably fitted from below into the fitting hole 33 formed in the below-knee M32.
The gear 24 portion of the outer rotating body 23 is supported by a spherical connection fi34 fitted in the annular m32a on the upper surface of the outer rotary body 23.

The enlarged diameter step portion 21a of the enlarged diameter hole 21 and the ring gear 29 each have an annular groove 21b that is concentric and has the same diameter.

A spherical connecting chain 35 formed with 29a facing each other and fitted into the liquid.
The ring-shaped gear 29
prevents radial movement of Further, the enlarged diameter step portion 21
The spherical connecting chain 36, which fits into the annular groove 21c formed in a, is brought into contact with the upper surface of the inner rotating body 26.

Double eccentric rotation mechanism 6 fitted and supported in the cylindrical casing 2
A bearing 37 is slidably attached to the eccentric hole 13 of the inner concave moving body 11, and the bearing portion on the inner surface thereof is a spherical concave surface 37a.

Further, a sliding body 38 that can slide up and down along the central axis CL is fitted into the eccentric hole 28 of the inner rotating body 26 of the lower double eccentric rotating machine PR22, and a bearing formed in the sliding body 38 is fitted. The bearing portion on the inner surface of 39 is a spherical concave surface 39a.

The spherical concave surface 37a of the bearing 37 rotatably and tiltably supports the spherical shaft 41 at the upper end of the processing upper mold holder 40, and the spherical shaft 43 formed on the outer periphery of the mold mounting section 42 at the lower end is supported by the bearing 39. It is rotatably and tiltably supported by a spherical concave surface 39a. In the mold mounting part 42 of the processing upper mold holder 40,
A processing upper mold 44 having a predetermined shape is mounted and fixed.

The processing upper mold holder 40 has a cylindrical upper half and a spherical concave surface 45 at the bottom thereof. In addition, a concave surface 46 is formed in the inner central part of the upper lid 17, and both of the concave surfaces 45 have a concave shape.
．． 46, spherical shaft portions 48, 49 formed at both ends of the pressurizing link body 47 are rotatably and tiltably supported. As a result, the upper ends of the pressurizing link body 47 and the upper mold holder 40 are positioned by the spherical concave surface 37a and the spherical concave surface 46 of the upper lid 17, which is a fixed support, and the lower end of the upper mold holder 40 is positioned. Since the upper mold holder 4o is slidably supported, by reducing the inclination angle of the upper mold holder 4o, the upper mold holder 40 and the pressurizing link body 47 are placed in a vertical position, which generates a large downward force. 1 fitl
Configure l150.

Further, the ring-shaped gears 14.29 of the two sets of double eccentric rotation mechanisms 6, 22 and the gears 8.24 formed on the outer peripheries of the outer rotation bodies 7, 23 are provided with respective drive motors 51-54.
The drive gears 55 to 58 that are driven individually are meshed with each other.

The processing lower mold support parts B are arranged oppositely below the main body mounting NA with their respective central axes CL common to each other,
A mold mounting portion 62 is provided on the upper surface of the lower working mold support 61 that is substantially orthogonal to the axis CL, and a lower working mold 63 is mounted thereon. A workpiece W is supported within the lower mold 63 . Processing lower die support stand 6
1 is a lever crank a! that is fitted into a guide hole 64 drilled in the direction of the central axis CL and driven by a drive motor 65. It is moved up and down by a link 68 connected to a lever 67 of the shaft 66. The position control of the lower machining mold 63 with respect to the machining upper mold 44 is performed by controlling the drive of the drive motor 671 according to a detection signal from a position detection sensor 69 disposed on the upper surface of the lower machining mold support 61.

Various proximity sensors can be used as the position detection sensor 69.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic control circuit diagram of the rotary forging apparatus 1 of this embodiment.

A central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as CPU) 71 includes a program memory (ROM) 72 and a working memory (RAM>73).
Equipped with The program memory (ROM) 72 stores the relative vertical positions of the upper and lower processing dies 44.63, the outer and inner rotating bodies 7.11 and 23 of the double eccentric rotating machine ovals 6 and 22,
．． Various control modes are stored for performing predetermined plastic working by adjusting the amount of eccentricity and rotation control of 26. Also connected to the CPU 71 are an operation panel 74 for inputting data and specifying the control mode, and a position detection sensor 69. Further, via the motor driver 75, the drive motors 51 to 54 drive the drive gears 55 to 58 that mesh with the gears of the horizontal double eccentric rotating machine 6 and 22, and the drive motor 65 drives the lever crank mechanism 66.
is connected.

Regarding the rotary forging processing device 1 configured as described above,
Its operation will be explained below.

The rotations of the outer rotating body 7 and the inner concave moving body 11 of the horizontal double eccentric rotating machine 6 in the main body drive section A are independently driven by drive motors 51 and 52 driven by commands from a motor driver 75 that receives control signals from the CPU 71. controlled by Therefore, by selecting a predetermined control mode, a constant amount of eccentricity is set, that is, the vertical a'IIl! that passes through the turning center! Rotating the upper die holder 40 with force a1 at a constant inclination angle with respect to Ia;
It is possible to arbitrarily change the amount of eccentricity set in conjunction with the rotation drive continuously within a predetermined range, and the outer and inner rotating bodies 7゜1
1 in reverse rotation at the same speed in synchronization with each other, it becomes possible to swing the processing upper mold holder 40 at a predetermined swing angle within a plane passing through the center axis CL.

In addition, the sliding body 38 that rotatably and tiltably supports the outside of the mold mounting part of the upper mold holder 40 is connected to the inner eccentric rotating body 2.
The horizontal double eccentric rotating machine 22 supported by the drive motor 53
, 54 to control the rotation of the outer and inner rotating bodies 23 and 26 individually, the eccentricity can be arbitrarily iPIm within a predetermined range, and the upper die 44 can be rotated while contacting the workpiece W. The processing position can be set arbitrarily by moving the center.

On the other hand, the working lower die support part B drives the lever crank mechanism 66 by the drive motor 65, and stops the working lower die support 61 at a predetermined position in the guide hole 64 based on the detection signal from the position detection sensor 69. The workpiece W supported in the lower die 63 is brought into contact with the upper die 63 with a constant pressure. Alternatively, by continuously driving the lever crank mechanism 66, the lower working mold support 61 can be raised for a certain plastic working time to gradually increase the pressing force of the working lower mold 63 against the working upper mold 44.

The configuration and operation of the rotary forging processing apparatus 1 that implements the method of the present invention are as described above.

The method of the present invention involves setting a plurality of machining positions on a workpiece that require intensive pressure, and sequentially rotating the upper die at a predetermined angle of inclination for a predetermined number of times or for a predetermined time at the machining positions. The basic processing mode is shown in Fig. 4.

FIG. 4(a) shows the machining position Ol on the workpiece W.

0,. 0. This is the case where three locations are set.

First, after performing plastic working in which the working upper mold is rotated at a predetermined inclination angle θ with respect to the central axis CL passing through the working position W o +, the working upper mold holder 4
The turning center axis 11 of 0 is moved parallel to the center axis CL, and similar plastic working is sequentially performed at processing positions 02 and Os.

The setting and movement of the processing position is performed using a horizontal double eccentric rotating machine.
By individually controlling the rotations of the outer rotating bodies 7, 11 and the inner rotating bodies 23, 26, it is possible to perform the rotation as desired within the range regulated by the maximum eccentricity. Further, the turning inclination angle θ can be similarly set arbitrarily.

Fig. 4(b) shows machining positions 1!01, 02. Oz and set 2 at the processing position.
A case is shown in which plastic working is sequentially performed by rotating the working upper die 44 while maintaining a constant amount of eccentricity by the horizontal heavy eccentric rotating machine 6.

In addition, it is also possible to cause the processing upper die 44 to swing at a predetermined swing angle using the double eccentric rotation v1 mechanism 6.

Hereinafter, several examples of specific product processing to which the method of the present invention is applied will be described.

FIG. 5 shows the processing of a cylindrical gear by the method of the present invention.

The workpiece W is placed in the lower die 63 in which a predetermined gear shape is bored.
is supported, and the lower working mold 63 is raised and brought into contact with the upper working mold 44 with a predetermined pressure. The machining upper mold starts machining by turning at an inclination angle θ with a point O6 on the workpiece W through which the central axis ficL passes as a turning center (Figure (a)), and as the machining progresses, the workpiece W becomes It plastically flows within the processing lower die 63 and fills the lower part of the tooth tips of the gear shape, and an annular unpressurized portion Wa remains outside the rotation range of the processing upper die 44 (FIG. 2(b)).
), After that, the lower machining mold 63 is lowered and the machining position is moved from 01 to O3, and then the lower machining mold 63 is raised again to bring the unprocessed part Wa into contact with the upper machining mold, and the machining When plastic working is performed by rotating the mold 44, the unpressurized part W
A is pressurized to promote plastic flow and is pushed into the tip of the tooth of the lower mold. Therefore, other machining positions are set at multiple locations on the circumference of the workpiece W with a radius of 0.02 and the machining position 0 as the center, and the plasticity is applied to the entire workpiece W. When the machining is performed, a cylindrical gear corresponding to the shape of the gear bored in the lower die 63 is machined (FIG. 6(C)).

During this machining, the lower machining mold 63 applies a constant machining pressure to the workpiece W, and thus rises as the machining progresses. This increase may be controlled by detecting and feeding back the processing pressure between the upper and lower molds.

FIG. 6 shows the process of enlarging the diameter of a hole formed in a workpiece W by the method of the present invention.

The processing tool 71 inserted into the processing hole 70 is brought into contact with the hole wall with a predetermined pressing force, and plastic processing is performed by rotating the processing tool 71 at a predetermined inclination angle θ for a predetermined number of times or for a predetermined time around the processing position OI (the same figure). (a)) When the machining hole 70 widens due to this machining, the machining tool 71 is moved to the machining position 0. The hole diameter is expanded to a predetermined dimension value by moving the hole from the hole 70 and bringing it into contact with the hole wall of the enlarged processing hole 70 with a predetermined pressing force, repeating the plastic processing, moving the processing position sequentially, and enlarging the hole diameter to a predetermined dimension value (Fig. ))
.

FIG. 7 shows the trimming process according to the method of the present invention.

Figures (a) and (b) show the machining of the cylindrical gear described above (the fifth
Figure). After pressurizing the annular unpressurized portion Wa remaining outside the rotation range of the processing upper die 44 to generate plastic flow and pushing it in, filling the tooth tips sufficiently and processing into a predetermined gear shape, the excess unpressurized portion is removed. In some cases, a portion Wa remains (FIG. (c)). In this case, the processing position is further changed to 0. When the upper mold 44 is rotated from 03 to 03, the excess unprocessed material is pushed out of the lower mold 63 and trimmed. For the trimming process, the processing position is set to OIO.
With s as the radius, set multiple locations on the circumference centered at 01 and perform over the entire workpiece W ((d) in the same figure)
.

In addition to the above methods, the method of the present invention can also be applied to coining, sizing, etc. to adjust the product shape within predetermined dimensional tolerances, and can also improve product processing accuracy.

r Effects of the Invention As clarified in the explanation of the specific means and effects, the present invention provides a plurality of machining positions that require intensive pressurization on a workpiece, and sequentially applies pressure at the machining positions. Plastic processing in which the upper die is rotated or swung at a predetermined angle of inclination for a predetermined number of times or for a predetermined time, promotes the plastic flow of the workpiece material toward the required filling area around the processing position, thereby creating a shape within the mold shape. It is possible to improve the filling performance of the workpiece, and process products without missing parts, and there is no need to prepare a processing mold with a diameter larger than the workpiece diameter as in the past. Since there is no need to prepare several types of processing molds and processing tools, it is possible to provide a highly economical plastic processing method.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The accompanying drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Ii in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic installation circuit diagram. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the basic machining mode of the method of the present invention, Figures 5 to 7 are explanatory diagrams illustrating specific machining examples, and Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating problems in machining of the conventional method. It is an explanatory diagram. 1020 rotary forging processing device, 44, processing upper mold,
63, Lower die, CL, Center axis, W,
. Workpiece, O+, Oz, Os, , machining position. Figure (a) CL (a) CL Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] Plastic processing in which the upper mold is rotated or oscillated a predetermined number of times or for a predetermined time at a predetermined angle of inclination with respect to an axis passing through the predetermined position, with the center being at a predetermined position on the workpiece supported by the lower mold, A plastic working method characterized by sequentially performing plastic working on a plurality of processing positions set in a predetermined range on the workpiece, and performing plastic working according to the shape of the forming part of the processing upper mold or the processing lower mold. .