JPH02147813A - Biaxial star sensor - Google Patents
Biaxial star sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02147813A JPH02147813A JP63299455A JP29945588A JPH02147813A JP H02147813 A JPH02147813 A JP H02147813A JP 63299455 A JP63299455 A JP 63299455A JP 29945588 A JP29945588 A JP 29945588A JP H02147813 A JPH02147813 A JP H02147813A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- starlight
- star
- directions
- shutter
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
- G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
- G01S3/7867—Star trackers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の目的］
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、例えば人工衛星を含む宇宙航行体の姿勢決定
を行うスターセンサに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a star sensor that determines the attitude of a spacecraft including, for example, an artificial satellite.
（従来の技術）
人工衛星の姿勢決定等に使用されるスターセンサは、第
４図に示すように星光が入射するバッフル部（ｌａ）、
星光を検出するヘッド部（２）。(Prior Art) A star sensor used for determining the attitude of an artificial satellite, etc. has a baffle part (la) into which starlight enters, as shown in Fig. 4;
Head part (2) that detects starlight.
検出された星光の処理を行う電子回路部（３）より成っ
ている。このスターセンサは、太陽光や太陽光がスター
センサのまわりの衛星の構体に反射した光などの妨害光
をしゃ断するため筒状につくられたバッフル（４）に入
射しだ星光を、ヘッド部（２）内に設けられた光学系（
５）でその焦点を合わせ、その星光を撮像素子（６）で
撮像し１、。It consists of an electronic circuit section (3) that processes the detected starlight. This star sensor is designed to prevent starlight from entering the head of a baffle (4) that is made in a cylindrical shape to cut off interference light such as sunlight and light reflected from the satellite structure around the star sensor. (2) Optical system installed inside (
5) to focus the starlight, and image the starlight with the image sensor (6) 1.
検出信号が電子回路部（３）へ送られ、ここで星の位置
、光の強さの情報が得られる。これを、あらかじめ外部
あるいは電子回路部（３）内の計算機の中に持っている
星の位置・等級を考慮した星の配置図と比較し、入射し
た星の同定を行うものである。The detection signal is sent to the electronic circuit section (3), where information on the star's position and light intensity is obtained. This is compared with a star arrangement map that takes into account the position and magnitude of the star, which is stored in advance in an external computer or in the electronic circuit section (3), and the incident star is identified.
通常のスターセンサを用いて人工衛星の姿勢決定を行う
場合は、異った２方向の星の同定結果が必要である。そ
のため、３１１５図のように２方向に向いたスターセン
サ２台（２１，２２）を人工衛星に配置する必要があっ
た。When determining the attitude of an artificial satellite using a normal star sensor, identification results of stars in two different directions are required. Therefore, it was necessary to arrange two star sensors (21, 22) facing in two directions on the artificial satellite as shown in Figure 3115.
また、第６図に示すように、２台のスターセンサ（２１
，２２）の２方向からのデータを時間を分けて処理する
ことにより、電子回路部（３）を共通部分として設け、
スターセンサを構成することも考えられていた。In addition, as shown in Figure 6, two star sensors (21
, 22), the electronic circuit section (3) is provided as a common part, by processing the data from two directions at different times,
It was also considered to form a star sensor.
しかしながら、上記の第５図及び第６図の従来の装置に
あっては、バッフル部、ヘッド部を２方向にそれぞれ１
台ずつ配置しなければならず、人工衛星の搭載物の重量
をなるべく少なくすると、５いう観点から問題があった
。However, in the conventional apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the baffle portion and the head portion are arranged in two directions,
The satellites had to be placed one at a time, and there was a problem from the point of view 5 of trying to reduce the weight of the satellite's payload as much as possible.
これを改善するために、駆動機構を利用して１つのスタ
ーセンサを交互に２方向に向けることによって２方向の
星の同定をし、姿勢決定を行うことも考えられた。しか
しこの方法では、駆動機構分の重量がかさむことと速い
周期でスターセンサの向きを変えなければならないので
、駆動機構の寿命や信頼性に関して不安があることなど
新たな問題が生じた。In order to improve this, it has been considered to identify stars in two directions and determine the attitude by using a drive mechanism to point one star sensor alternately in two directions. However, with this method, new problems arose, such as the increased weight of the drive mechanism and the need to change the orientation of the star sensor at rapid intervals, including concerns about the lifespan and reliability of the drive mechanism.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
上述したように、従来のスターセンサにあっては、人工
衛星、の姿勢決定のためには２方向の星の同定結果が必
要であり、バッフル部およびヘッド部を異りた２方向に
それぞれ配置しなければならず、人工衛星への搭載物の
重量をできるだけ少くするという点で、大きな問題点が
あった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, in the conventional star sensor, star identification results in two directions are required to determine the attitude of the artificial satellite, and the baffle part and the head part The satellites had to be placed in two different directions, which posed a major problem in terms of minimizing the weight of the objects to be carried on the satellite.
そこで本発明では、上記の問題点を改善すべく２方向の
星の情報を得ることができるスターセンサを提供するご
とを目的とする。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a star sensor that can obtain information about stars in two directions in order to improve the above-mentioned problems.
［発明の構成］
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明の２軸スターセンサは、２方向を向いたバッフル
の各々に、開閉自在のシャッタを取りつけ、一方のバッ
フルからの星光は透過し、他方のバッフルからの星光は
反射する特徴を有するハーフミラ−を設ける。そしてハ
ーフミラ−を透過した星光及び反射した星光の撮像可能
な位置に撮像素子を配置する。さらに前記シャッタの一
方をしゃ断したとき、前記ヘッド部を通過する星光の星
情報とを交互に処理する電子回路部とで全体を構成して
いる。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The two-axis star sensor of the present invention has a shutter that can be opened and closed attached to each of the baffles facing in two directions, and the starlight from one of the baffles is transmitted. A half mirror is provided which has the feature of reflecting starlight from the other baffle. Then, an imaging element is placed at a position where it can image the starlight transmitted through the half mirror and the starlight reflected. Furthermore, when one of the shutters is shut off, the entire apparatus includes an electronic circuit section that alternately processes star information of starlight passing through the head section.
（作 用）
本発明の２軸スターセンサでは、各バッフルに入射する
星光をハーフミラ−により１つの撮像素子に投射するこ
とができる。そこで初めに一方からの星光を前記バッフ
ル内に取りつけられたシャッタを閉じてしゃ断し、他方
のシャッタを開く。(Function) In the two-axis star sensor of the present invention, starlight incident on each baffle can be projected onto one image sensor by a half mirror. First, a shutter installed in the baffle is closed to block the starlight from one side, and the other shutter is opened.
シャッタを開いた方のバッフルより星光は入射し、撮像
素子で星の強さ・位置を検出し、電子回路部で撮像素子
より得られたデータを処理する。 、１台度は逆に今
まで開いていたシャッタを閉じ、閉じていたシャッタを
開き、前と同じように処理を行う。これを交互に行うこ
とにより、一つのヘッド部を共通のものとして２方向の
星の同定を行い、人工衛星の姿勢を決定することができ
、重量の削減を図ることができ−る。Starlight enters through the baffle on the side where the shutter is open, the intensity and position of the star are detected by the image sensor, and the data obtained from the image sensor is processed in the electronic circuit section. , conversely, close the shutter that was open until now, open the shutter that was closed, and perform the same processing as before. By doing this alternately, stars can be identified in two directions using one common head, the attitude of the satellite can be determined, and the weight can be reduced.
（実施例） 以下、図面を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は、本発明に係る２軸スターセンサの実施例を示
す。第１図に示す２軸スターセンサはバッフル（７）、
（８）と、前記バッフル（７）。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a two-axis star sensor according to the present invention. The two-axis star sensor shown in Fig. 1 includes a baffle (7),
(8) and the baffle (7).
（８）内に設けられた液晶シャッタ（９）（ンク）と、
ハーフミラ−（１１）とを有するバッフル部（１）、レ
ンズ（１２）と固体撮像素子（１３）とを有するヘッド
部（工）°及び電子回路部（３）より構成されている。(8) a liquid crystal shutter (9) provided in the interior;
It is composed of a baffle part (1) having a half mirror (11), a head part having a lens (12) and a solid-state image sensor (13), and an electronic circuit part (3).
バッフル（７）。Baffle (7).
（８）は必要のない星光はしゃ断し、視野をせばめるた
めのものである。液晶シャッタ（９）。(8) is for blocking unnecessary starlight and narrowing the field of view. LCD shutter (9).
（１０）は、開閉自在で、開いたときは星光を遇１遇さ
せ、閉じたときは星光をしゃ断するもので、各バッフル
（７）、（８）に取りつけられている。(10) is attached to each baffle (7) and (8), which can be opened and closed, allowing starlight to shine through when opened, and blocking starlight when closed.
ハーフミラ−（１１）は、偏光板の性質を利用し、一方
向からの星光は透過し、もう一方からの星光は反射する
特徴を有する。The half mirror (11) utilizes the properties of a polarizing plate and has the characteristic of transmitting starlight from one direction and reflecting starlight from the other direction.
レンズ（１２）は、ハーフミラ−（１１）を通った星光
の焦点を合わせるものである。固体撮像素子（１３）は
、レンズ（１２）を透過した星光から、星の強さ・配置
を検出するものである。The lens (12) focuses the starlight that has passed through the half mirror (11). The solid-state image sensor (13) detects the strength and arrangement of stars from the starlight transmitted through the lens (12).
検出されたデータは、信号線（１４）を通り、電子回路
部（３）で星の強さ・配置の星情報が処理され、外部あ
るいは電子回路部（３）内部の計算機で星の同定が行わ
れる。この装置で１方向ずつ星の同定を行う場合は、第
２図及び第３図に示す方法で行う。The detected data passes through the signal line (14), and the electronic circuit section (3) processes the star information such as the strength and arrangement of the star, and the computer outside or inside the electronic circuit section (3) identifies the star. It will be done. When identifying stars in each direction using this device, the method shown in Figures 2 and 3 is used.
初めに第２図に示すように、一方の液晶シャッタ（９）
を閉じ、他方の液晶シャッタ（１０）を開くことにより
、バッフル（８）を通りだ星光はしゃ断され、バッフル
（７）を通った星光はハーフミラ−（１１）に入射する
。このとき、星光４がハーフミラ−（１１）を透過する
ように、ハーフミラ−（１１）を設置することによって
、バッフル（７）を通った星光は、ヘッド部（２）に入
射される。ここで星光はレンズ（１２）によって焦点が
合わせられ、固体撮像素子（１３）により星の強さ・配
置が検出される。この固体撮像素子（１３）から得られ
たデータは電子回路部（３）で処理され、外部あるいは
電子回路部（３）内部の計算機で星の同定が行われる。First, as shown in Figure 2, one of the liquid crystal shutters (9)
By closing the shutter and opening the other liquid crystal shutter (10), the starlight passing through the baffle (8) is cut off, and the starlight passing through the baffle (7) enters the half mirror (11). At this time, by installing the half mirror (11) so that the starlight 4 passes through the half mirror (11), the starlight that has passed through the baffle (7) is incident on the head section (2). Here, the starlight is focused by a lens (12), and the strength and arrangement of the stars are detected by a solid-state image sensor (13). The data obtained from the solid-state image sensor (13) is processed by the electronic circuit section (3), and stars are identified by a computer outside or inside the electronic circuit section (3).
今度は、第３図に示すように、令聞いていた液晶シャッ
タ（９）を閉じ、閉じていた液晶シャッタ（１０）を開
くことによって、バッフル（８）を通った星光は入射し
、バッフル（７）を通った星光はしゃ断される。入射し
た星光は、ハーフミラ−（１１）で反射され、ヘッド部
（２）へと入射する。そして前と同様の処理がなされ、
星の同定が行われる。こうして、異なる２方向からの星
情報をもとに、人工衛星の姿勢を決定することができる
。This time, as shown in Figure 3, by closing the liquid crystal shutter (9) and opening the previously closed liquid crystal shutter (10), the starlight that has passed through the baffle (8) enters the baffle ( 7) Starlight passing through is cut off. The incident starlight is reflected by the half mirror (11) and enters the head section (2). Then the same process as before is done,
The star is identified. In this way, the attitude of the artificial satellite can be determined based on star information from two different directions.
以上のように、２つのバッフル（７）、（８，、）と前
記各バッフル（７）、（８）内に取りつけた液晶シャッ
タ（９）とハーフミラ−（１１）より成るバッフル部（
１）、レンズ（１２）と固体撮像素子（１３）より成る
共通のヘッド部（２）及び電子回路部（３）からなるよ
う構成することにより、ヘッド部（２）を１つ削減する
ことができ、重量の削減を図ることができる。またスタ
ーセンサを駆動機構を用いて交互に別方向に回して２方
向の星情報を集め、姿勢決定をする場合のような機械的
振動、摩耗等の問題がなく、構成が簡単で、しかも信頼
性も高くなるものである。As mentioned above, the baffle section (
1) By configuring the head unit to consist of a common head unit (2) consisting of a lens (12) and a solid-state image sensor (13) and an electronic circuit unit (3), the number of head units (2) can be reduced by one. It is possible to reduce the weight. In addition, there are no problems such as mechanical vibration or wear when determining attitude by collecting star information from two directions by rotating the star sensor alternately in different directions using a drive mechanism, and the configuration is simple and reliable. It also increases the sex.
［発明の効果］
以上詳述してきたように、本発明によれば２つのバッフ
ルのそれぞれにシャッタを設け、ハーフミラ−を備える
ことにより、人工衛星の姿勢決定に必要な星情報を得る
２台のスターセンサのヘッド部を共通なものになるよう
構成したことにより、スターセンサの搭載重量の削減を
図ることができ、同時に信頼性を高めるものである。[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, by providing a shutter on each of the two baffles and a half mirror, two units can be used to obtain star information necessary for determining the attitude of an artificial satellite. By configuring the star sensors to have a common head, it is possible to reduce the mounting weight of the star sensors, and at the same time, improve reliability.
第１図は、本発明に係る２輔スターセンザの実施例の構
成を示す断面図。第２図、第３図は本発明に係る２輪ス
ターセンサの実施例の動作を示す断面図。第４図、第５
図、第６図は、従来のスターセンサの構成を示す断面図
。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the configuration of an embodiment of a two-piece star sensor according to the present invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the operation of an embodiment of the two-wheel star sensor according to the present invention. Figures 4 and 5
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the configuration of a conventional star sensor.
Claims (1)
フル内に取りつけられたシャッタと、前記各シャッタを
通過した星光が入射し、前記バッフルの一方からの星光
は透過し、他方のバッフルからの星光は反射するハーフ
ミラーと、前記ハーフミラーを透過した光及び反射した
光の撮像が可能な位置に配置され、前記星光を撮像する
撮像素子と、前記撮像素子から検出信号が供給され、星
情報を出力する電子回路部とを具備し、前記シャッタを
交互に開閉することにより、前記各バッフルを通過する
星光の星情報を交互に得ることを特徴とする２軸スター
センサ。Baffles facing in two directions and into which starlight enters; shutters installed in each of the baffles; starlight passing through each shutter enters; starlight from one of the baffles is transmitted; starlight from the other baffle is incident; A half mirror that reflects starlight is arranged at a position where it is possible to image the light that has passed through the half mirror and the light that has been reflected, an image sensor that captures the starlight, and a detection signal is supplied from the image sensor to obtain star information. and an electronic circuit section for outputting the following information, and by alternately opening and closing the shutter, star information of the starlight passing through each of the baffles is obtained alternately.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63299455A JP2685849B2 (en) | 1988-11-29 | 1988-11-29 | 2-axis star sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63299455A JP2685849B2 (en) | 1988-11-29 | 1988-11-29 | 2-axis star sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02147813A true JPH02147813A (en) | 1990-06-06 |
| JP2685849B2 JP2685849B2 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
Family
ID=17872798
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63299455A Expired - Lifetime JP2685849B2 (en) | 1988-11-29 | 1988-11-29 | 2-axis star sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2685849B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100386593C (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2008-05-07 | 清华大学 | Double-view field star sensor and method for identifying star atlas using the same |
| EP2128642A1 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-02 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO | Light detection module for star tracking |
| CN102288201A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-21 | 清华大学 | Precision measurement method for star sensor |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59164907A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1984-09-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Position reading apparatus |
| JPS62138714A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-06-22 | Nec Corp | Earth sensor |
| JPS63246614A (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1988-10-13 | Nec Corp | Quadruple-axis fixed star sensor |
-
1988
- 1988-11-29 JP JP63299455A patent/JP2685849B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59164907A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1984-09-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Position reading apparatus |
| JPS62138714A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-06-22 | Nec Corp | Earth sensor |
| JPS63246614A (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1988-10-13 | Nec Corp | Quadruple-axis fixed star sensor |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100386593C (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2008-05-07 | 清华大学 | Double-view field star sensor and method for identifying star atlas using the same |
| EP2128642A1 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-02 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO | Light detection module for star tracking |
| WO2009145628A1 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-03 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Light detection module for star tracking |
| CN102288201A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-21 | 清华大学 | Precision measurement method for star sensor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2685849B2 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
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