JPH0213561Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a ditch digging device for an excavator.

The horizontal movement of the conventional vehicle is performed by connecting the main link h and the auxiliary link g in four parallel sections in FIG. 2, and the main boom i and main link h are operated by a hydraulic cylinder e.

The axis of the link connecting pin shown in FIG. 1 X ₁ and X ₂ is not perpendicular to the ground surface GL in the excavation start position shown in the same figure and in the normal excavation position shown in FIG. 3.

By shifting from the excavation start position to the gutter position, in the conventional vehicle, the bucket d does not move horizontally due to the difference in the shaft center angle, as shown in FIG.

In Figure 3, if the bucket d is shifted from d ₁ or d ₂ , it will cause the bucket to rise by Y ₁ or Y ₂ , and when determining the bucket position at the start of excavation, it will be separated from the ground surface, resulting in inaccurate positioning, or it will be compensated for. Therefore, it is necessary to operate it in combination with boom cylinder j.

Figure 4 shows the maximum excavation posture of the arm of the excavator. In particular, most of the trench digging excavators perform sub-floor excavation as shown in the figure, and the ability to excavate in this position has a significant impact on work efficiency. Most of the side ditch digging involves digging horizontal trenches under the floor, so the arm digging ability is important, but in general, it is said that the ideal position is around 30 degrees in front and behind the arm reference line ○D in Figure 4, and it goes without saying that the reference line ○D is The position perpendicular to the surface GL is the maximum arm excavation. In Figure 4, pin○i,
The angle formed by the line connecting ○B and the line connecting pins ○RO and ○C is close to 90°.

In Figure 5, the bucket d, which has risen due to the reason for the bucket lifting explained in Figure 3, is lowered to the boom cylinder j, and the arm reference line ○, which has changed due to the downward rotation of the main boom i, is returned to the original ground surface.
In order to return the angle to perpendicular to GL, operate arm cylinder f, and as a result maintain the arm reference line perpendicular to the ground surface and adjust the mounting angle of arm cylinder f (pin ○ A, ○ B connection and pin ○ (Angle formed by the connections B, ○C)
was forced to change the angle significantly from 90°,
This will result in a decrease in excavation capacity compared to before the transition to buckets.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the vertical reaction force A←→B due to excavation of the bucket d is the main link h in FIG. 2, and the auxiliary link g is a rod structure only for moving the bucket d. In addition, the left-right reaction force Y→X generated when excavating bucket d, etc. is ○During right-side ditch digging, it applies tensile and bending force to main link h, gives compressive force to gutter cylinder e, and further applies auxiliary link g. It acts as a compressive force on the Also, when digging trenches on the left side, compression and bending forces are applied to the main link h, and cylinder e.
A tensile force is applied to the auxiliary link g, a tensile force is applied to the auxiliary link g, and of course the force becomes the opposite except for bending due to the transition. If we consider the auxiliary link g,
If the main link h is strong and the cylinder e can sufficiently withstand the left and right reaction force, no external force will occur at the auxiliary link g, but if the external force is directly applied to the side of the bucket or the cylinder e is affected by the force received from the main link h. When you lose and use hydraulic relief,
In the conventional structure, tensile or compressive force is definitely applied to the auxiliary link g, and especially when digging a trench on the right side, where the auxiliary link g is subjected to a compressive load, and when the bucket d is directly subjected to an external force from the right to the left, there is a significant loss in strength. It can be said that the structure is stable.

The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to adjust the axis angle of the pin relative to the ground surface when the excavator is in the excavation starting position and in the maximum excavation position of the arm. By locating it vertically, the excavation ability is improved, and at the same time, by making the two left and right links the same shape, it is possible to equally deal with lateral forces in either the left or right digging posture.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 7 and subsequent figures.

In the drawing, 1 is a vehicle body, 9 is a boom provided on the vehicle body 1 so that it can be raised and lowered, and 10' is also a boom cylinder.

In the drawing, 8 and 7 are the left side constituting the link body 12';
These are side links, and the rear end connecting portions 10 and front end connecting portions 11 of the left and right side links 8, 7 are bent in a stepwise manner, and the front and rear end connecting portions 11, 10 are parallel to each other. The rear end connecting portions 10 of the left and right links 8 and 7 are connected to the left and right sides of the tip of the boom 9 by pins 12 and 13 so as to be able to swing left and right,
Further, the front end connecting portions 11 of the left and right links 8, 7 are connected to the arm support member 14 by pins 15, 16.

When the tip of the boom 9 is made substantially parallel to the ground surface GL, the pins 12, 13, 1
The axes X ₃ and X ₄ of Nos. 5 and 16 are perpendicular to the ground surface GL.

The arm 3 is attached to the arm support member 14 so as to be able to raise and lower, and the arm support member 14 is provided with an arm cylinder 6 that operates the arm 3 to raise and lower. A bucket 4 is provided at the tip of the arm 3, and a bucket cylinder 18 for operating the bucket 4 is provided on the arm 3.

Therefore, in the excavation starting position shown in Fig. 7, the axes X _{3 and}
Since it is perpendicular to the GL, the bucket 4 moves parallel to the ground surface GL as shown in Figure 13.
Therefore, the bucket cart 4 can be positioned easily during operation.

In addition, as shown in Figure 14, in the case of side ditch digging, most of the side ditch digging is horizontal trench excavation under the floor, so the arm digging ability is important. It is said to be ideal, and needless to say, the maximum excavation of the arm is when the reference line ○2 is perpendicular to the ground surface GL. The line connecting pin ○ and ○ and the line connecting pin ○ and ○ are both close to 90 degrees. When the bucket is shifted from Fig. 14 to Fig. 15, the arm can take the maximum excavation posture at any position without changing the conditions necessary for arm excavation, and the ditch digging ability can be improved.

In the left and right links 8, 7, by placing the bucket boom center line 11' in the center between the link pins of the same shape on the left and right, the direct external force received from the bucket can be divided equally between the tensile force and compressive force. will be able to effectively deal with both left and right positions without any strengths or weaknesses. Conventionally, the moment M ₂ around the pin ○ is F ₁ ×L ₂ as shown in Fig. 6, but in the case of the present invention, the moment M ₁ around the pin ○ is F ₁ × L ₁ as shown in Fig. 16. Therefore, it becomes maximum at α=90°.

The present invention has been described in detail above, and the link main body 12' is composed of the left and right links 8, 7 having the same shape, and the left and right links 8, 7 have the same shape.
The front and rear parts are bent in a step-like manner, and the front and rear parts have a front end connecting part 11 and a rear end connecting part 10 that are parallel to each other.
A rear end connecting portion 10 of the left and right links 8, 7 is provided.
is connected to the boom 9 with pins 12 and 13 so as to be able to swing left and right, and the front end connecting portions 11 of the left and right links 8 and 7 are connected to the front boom 14 with pins 15 and 16,
With the tip of the boom 9 parallel to the ground surface GL, the axes of each pin 12, 13, 15, 16 X ₃ ,
It is characterized by having X ₄ perpendicular to the ground surface GL.

For this purpose, the boom 9 and the link body 12'
The axes of the pins 12, 13, 15, and 16 connecting the arm body 12' and the arm support member 14 are positioned perpendicular to the ground surface GL. Therefore, the bucket cart 4 can be horizontally moved from side to side without changing its height, and the work of shifting the bucket cart 4 to the gutter excavation position can be easily performed. Further, the excavation ability in the maximum excavation posture can be improved. Furthermore, by making the left and right links 8 and 7 the same shape, it is possible to equally deal with lateral forces in either the left or right trench digging posture.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view of an excavator equipped with a conventional ditch digging device, Figure 2 is a plan view of the same, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of bucket movement of the excavator, and Figures 4 and 5 are the same excavator. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the moment at pin ○ha, FIG. 7 is a side view of an excavator equipped with a ditch digging device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 9 is a side view of the boom, Fig. 10 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 11 is a side view of the link and front boom, Fig. 12 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram of bucket movement, Fig. 14 , FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of side ditch digging, and FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the moment in pin ○ri. 7 is the right link, 8 is the left link, 9 is the boom, and 12, 13, 15, and 16 are the pins.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The left and right links 8 and 7, which have the same shape, constitute a link body 12', and the front and rear portions of the left and right links 8 and 7 are bent in a step-like manner so that the front and rear links are connected to each other. A parallel front end connecting part 11 and a rear end connecting part 10 are provided, and the rear end connecting part 10 of the left and right links 8, 7 is attached to the boom 9 with a pin 1 so as to be swingable from side to side.
2 and 13, and connect the front end connecting portions 11 of the left and right links 8 and 7 to the front boom 14 with pins 15 and 1.
6 and connect the tip of the boom 9 to the ground surface GL.
Each pin 12, 13, 15, 1 in parallel with
A ditch digging device for an excavator, characterized in that the axes X ₃ and X ₄ of No. 6 are perpendicular to the ground surface GL.